EP4124692B1 - Movable wall with concrete framework - Google Patents

Movable wall with concrete framework Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4124692B1
EP4124692B1 EP22183445.0A EP22183445A EP4124692B1 EP 4124692 B1 EP4124692 B1 EP 4124692B1 EP 22183445 A EP22183445 A EP 22183445A EP 4124692 B1 EP4124692 B1 EP 4124692B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
base
movable wall
stones
framework
wall according
Prior art date
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Application number
EP22183445.0A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP4124692C0 (en
EP4124692A1 (en
Inventor
Charles CAVALIÉ
Pierre CAVALIÉ
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Cavalie Maconnerie
Original Assignee
Cavalie Maconnerie
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Publication date
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Publication of EP4124692A1 publication Critical patent/EP4124692A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP4124692C0 publication Critical patent/EP4124692C0/en
Publication of EP4124692B1 publication Critical patent/EP4124692B1/en
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
    • E02D17/20—Securing of slopes or inclines
    • E02D17/205—Securing of slopes or inclines with modular blocks, e.g. pre-fabricated
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01F—ADDITIONAL WORK, SUCH AS EQUIPPING ROADS OR THE CONSTRUCTION OF PLATFORMS, HELICOPTER LANDING STAGES, SIGNS, SNOW FENCES, OR THE LIKE
    • E01F15/00—Safety arrangements for slowing, redirecting or stopping errant vehicles, e.g. guard posts or bollards; Arrangements for reducing damage to roadside structures due to vehicular impact
    • E01F15/02—Continuous barriers extending along roads or between traffic lanes
    • E01F15/08—Continuous barriers extending along roads or between traffic lanes essentially made of walls or wall-like elements ; Cable-linked blocks
    • E01F15/081—Continuous barriers extending along roads or between traffic lanes essentially made of walls or wall-like elements ; Cable-linked blocks characterised by the use of a specific material
    • E01F15/083—Continuous barriers extending along roads or between traffic lanes essentially made of walls or wall-like elements ; Cable-linked blocks characterised by the use of a specific material using concrete
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
    • E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
    • E02D29/02—Retaining or protecting walls
    • E02D29/025—Retaining or protecting walls made up of similar modular elements stacked without mortar
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
    • E02D29/02—Retaining or protecting walls
    • E02D29/0258—Retaining or protecting walls characterised by constructional features
    • E02D29/0266—Retaining or protecting walls characterised by constructional features made up of preformed elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/04—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of concrete or other stone-like material; of asbestos cement; of cement and other mineral fibres
    • E04C2/041—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of concrete or other stone-like material; of asbestos cement; of cement and other mineral fibres composed of a number of smaller elements, e.g. bricks, also combined with a slab of hardenable material
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/44—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the purpose
    • E04C2/52—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the purpose with special adaptations for auxiliary purposes, e.g. serving for locating conduits
    • E04C2/526—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the purpose with special adaptations for auxiliary purposes, e.g. serving for locating conduits with adaptations not otherwise provided for, for connecting, transport; for making impervious or hermetic, e.g. sealings
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
    • E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
    • E02B3/12—Revetment of banks, dams, watercourses, or the like, e.g. the sea-floor
    • E02B3/14—Preformed blocks or slabs for forming essentially continuous surfaces; Arrangements thereof
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2002/005—Appearance of panels
    • E04C2002/007—Panels with the appearance of a brick wall

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of civil engineering and urban planning. It concerns more particularly a movable wall which can be transported and placed on the ground, without foundations, to form barriers, retaining walls, artificial banks, decorative or urban planning elements.
  • movable walls are generally made of either concrete blocks or stone-filled gabions.
  • Concrete blocks are the most common. They have the advantage of low cost and are easily movable thanks to lifting inserts, but their aesthetic is little sought after. These concrete blocks no longer correspond to the requirements of current urban developments, focused on less raw and more natural elements.
  • Movable walls made of gabions are metal cages filled with natural stones. These movable walls present a more acceptable appearance from the point of view of current aesthetic standards. However, they can still be improved to tend towards an appearance of a traditional construction element, and to avoid problems with the durability of the metal cage over time.
  • the document FR3100259A1 describes a movable wall comprising means of support on the ground and means of attachment for its lifting, said wall also comprising a base made of stones and a cast concrete frame, said concrete coating the reinforcements of the base coming in contact with the stones of the base, said wall also includes at least one through reservation.
  • the invention aims to improve the movable walls of the prior art.
  • the movable wall according to the invention also has an aesthetic appearance corresponding precisely to the exterior appearance of a traditional stone wall.
  • This movable wall can be made, in a particularly advantageous implementation of the invention, using natural and irregular stones. This aspect is pronounced of dry stone walls, used to demarcate cultivated plots since antiquity, a popular aspect today.
  • the invention makes this type of traditional wall compatible with the modern functionalities required of a movable wall which must be stored, transported and handled in the field.
  • the invention is particularly suitable for the field of planning and decoration in an urban environment.
  • the movable wall can be stored in the depots of the road services of a municipality, then transported by conventional vehicles equipped with crane means, and finally placed in the required places of the urban landscape to beautify, create traffic lanes, block the entrance to pedestrian streets for vehicles, etc., while presenting a traditional aesthetic that enhances a city center.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates an example of making a movable wall according to the invention.
  • This movable wall here has the appearance of a traditional natural stone wall.
  • the stones 1 constituting the movable wall are, in this example, stones directly extracted from a quarry and cut or cut to present one or two relatively flat faces. These stones 1 are irregular in shape.
  • the movable wall has a reservation in its thickness intended to allow its movement.
  • this reservation 2 is made by two through holes, which pass transversely from one side to the movable wall. These reservations 2 are provided in this example to receive a threaded rod projecting from each side of the wall and onto which attachment means can be screwed for handling the movable wall.
  • any other lifting means suitable for lifting the wall can be implemented, by a different embodiment of said reservation, or in a complementary manner (for example, passage of forks, anchors, lifting sockets, etc.).
  • the reservation in the base can be made by one or more hollow spaces crossing the wall right through, and providing an accessible space under the wall, to allow the wall to be lifted, for example by a pallet truck.
  • the movable wall comprises a base 3 which corresponds in this example to the first or two first rows of stones (the first row being defined as the row of stone which is in contact with the ground, the second row is the row which comes on the first row, and so on).
  • the movable wall also includes a vertical wall 4 which extends the base 3 upwards.
  • the base 3 and the vertical wall 4 are of the same thickness so that the wall is homogeneous from the point of view of its width.
  • FIG. 2 is a vertical sectional view of the base 3 showing the constitution of the latter.
  • the base 3 firstly comprises a set of stones (the first rows of stones which constitute the base 3 as described previously). These stones are linked together by a mortar 5 and form a closed perimeter delimiting an internal space 6.
  • Each of the stones 1 of the base 3 comprises an armature 7 which is fixed to the stone and which extends into the internal space 6 of the base 3.
  • this reinforcement 7 consists of reinforcement, that is to say a steel rod generally intended for reinforcing concrete in civil engineering.
  • This armature 7 is fixed in a cylindrical orifice dug in the stone, and which opens into the internal space 6.
  • the armature 7 can be fixed in this cylindrical orifice by chemical sealing, by force fitting, or by screwing.
  • the movable wall further comprises a framework 8 which comprises reinforcement 9 extending in the longitudinal direction of the wall, along the internal space 6.
  • This reinforcement 9 is for example made up of a beam or a trellis of the type of those used to reinforce a concrete beam or column.
  • This reinforcement 9 is intersected with the reinforcements 7 of each of the stones. This intertwining can also be completed by a mechanical connection between the reinforcement 9 and reinforcements 7, for example by means of steel wires, such as those allowing the production of reinforcement meshes.
  • the framework 8 further comprises concrete poured into the internal space 6, so as to coat both the reinforcement 9 and the reinforcements 7.
  • the concrete comes into contact against the stones of the base 3 so that the stones of the base 3 forms a formwork for the concrete of the frame 8.
  • the movable wall further comprises two tubes 10 which form the reservations 2.
  • the tubes 10 are arranged in the base 3, passing right through the base 3 and the framework 7.
  • the tubes 10 are for example tubes made of PVC.
  • the tubes 10 form a reservation intended for the transport function of the wall.
  • these tubes 10 can be of a section other than circular, and can open into the face of the wall which is in contact with the ground, to allow for example transport by pallet truck.
  • the stones of the base 3 are first arranged on a flat surface in their position of the figure 2 .
  • the reinforcement 9 is then put in place and connected to the reinforcements 7.
  • the tubes 10 (or any reservation element, such as battens, etc.) are then inserted to cross the internal space 6, possibly relying on the reinforcements , and flush with the stones, on each side face of the base, so that the ends of the reservations (here the tubes 10) are arranged in a joint between two stones.
  • the concrete is then poured into the internal space 6 to complete the construction of the framework 8.
  • Mortar 5 for base 3 is optional and can be applied before or after pouring the concrete for frame 8.
  • the base 3 and the framework 8 thus form a rigid assembly whose reservations 2 allow slinging.
  • the reservations (constituted in this example by the tubes 10) are in fact structurally taken up in force in the framework 8.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates the movable wall seen from the side.
  • This figure illustrates a preferred feature in which the tubes 10 are arranged to be flush with the surface of the wall at the level of the two joints between two stones.
  • the stones of the base 3 thus do not undergo any drilling for the passage of the tubes 10, and the attachment means thus remain discreet because they are integrated into the joints of the wall.
  • FIG. 4 is a vertical sectional view of the wall and illustrates the case where the base 3 (and its framework 8) extends over the first two rows of stones.
  • the vertical wall 4 is made up of the same natural stones as the base 3 linked together by a mortar 5, and this vertical wall 4 is itself connected by a mortar 5 to the other stones of the base 3 as well as to the framework 8.
  • a wall with a uniform appearance is thus produced, with no visible transition between the base 3 and the vertical wall 4, although only the base 3 is provided with a framework.
  • the vertical wall 4 is then built on the base 3, in the same way as a wall is built on its foundations.
  • the movable wall illustrated measures approximately 1.80 m long and 50 cm wide, for a mass of approximately 1.15 tonnes.
  • the height of base 3 is 25 to 35 centimeters.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates the movable wall being slung.
  • a threaded rod of diameter appropriate to the weight of the wall, has been placed inside the tubes 10 and a ring 11 is screwed onto each end of these threaded rods.
  • the movable wall is gripped by slings 13 fitted with hooks 12 engaged in the rings 11.
  • the framework 8 allows the lifting of the movable wall without any risk for its integrity and the positioning of the tubes 10 guarantees the stability of the wall for safe slinging even in an urban environment.
  • FIG. 6 is a view similar to the figure 5 From another angle. Spacers 14 are provided to spread the sling 13 so as not to damage the wall.
  • the movable wall can be implemented.
  • the wall may have a shape other than that given here as an example, for example T-shaped (seen from above), any other shape appropriate to a particular use.
  • FIG. 7 also illustrates a second embodiment in which the movable wall includes a reservation 2 (in addition to or in substitution for the reservations described above) which is made up of a parallelepiped shape allowing lifting by forks or pallet truck.
  • a reservation 2 in addition to or in substitution for the reservations described above
  • the movable wall can include elements for additional functions, particularly in their role of urban development or beautification.
  • the movable wall can thus include, for example, a planter incorporated into the vertical wall, or a lighting system.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Revetment (AREA)
  • Fencing (AREA)

Description

DOMAINE TECHNIQUETECHNICAL AREA

L'invention concerne le domaine du génie civil et de l'aménagement urbain. Il concerne plus particulièrement un mur déplaçable pouvant être transporté et posé sur le sol, sans fondations, pour former des barrières, des murs de soutènement, des berges artificielles, des éléments de décoration ou d'aménagement urbain.The invention relates to the field of civil engineering and urban planning. It concerns more particularly a movable wall which can be transported and placed on the ground, without foundations, to form barriers, retaining walls, artificial banks, decorative or urban planning elements.

ART ANTÉRIEURPRIOR ART

Actuellement, les murs déplaçables sont généralement faits soit de blocs de béton, soit de gabions remplis de pierres.Currently, movable walls are generally made of either concrete blocks or stone-filled gabions.

Les blocs de béton sont les plus répandus. Ils ont pour avantage un faible cout et sont aisément déplaçables grâce à des inserts de levage, mais leur esthétique est peu recherchée. Ces blocs de béton ne correspondent plus aux exigences d'aménagements urbains actuels, tournés vers des éléments moins bruts et plus naturels.Concrete blocks are the most common. They have the advantage of low cost and are easily movable thanks to lifting inserts, but their aesthetic is little sought after. These concrete blocks no longer correspond to the requirements of current urban developments, focused on less raw and more natural elements.

Les murs déplaçables faits de gabions sont des cages métalliques remplies de pierres naturelles. Ces murs déplaçables présentent un aspect plus acceptable du point de vue des standards esthétiques actuels. Cependant, ils peuvent encore être améliorés pour tendre vers un aspect d'élément de construction traditionnel, et pour éviter les problèmes de tenue dans le temps de la cage métallique.Movable walls made of gabions are metal cages filled with natural stones. These movable walls present a more acceptable appearance from the point of view of current aesthetic standards. However, they can still be improved to tend towards an appearance of a traditional construction element, and to avoid problems with the durability of the metal cage over time.

Le document FR3100259A1 décrit un mur déplaçable comportant des moyens d'appui sur le sol et des moyens d'attache pour son soulèvement, ledit mur comportant aussi une embase constituée de pierres et une ossature en béton coulé, ledit béton enrobant les armatures de l'embase en venant au contact contre les pierres de l'embase, ledit mur comprend aussi au moins une réservation traversante.The document FR3100259A1 describes a movable wall comprising means of support on the ground and means of attachment for its lifting, said wall also comprising a base made of stones and a cast concrete frame, said concrete coating the reinforcements of the base coming in contact with the stones of the base, said wall also includes at least one through reservation.

EXPOSÉ DE L'INVENTIONSTATEMENT OF THE INVENTION

L'invention a pour but d'améliorer les murs déplaçables de l'art antérieur.The invention aims to improve the movable walls of the prior art.

À cet effet, l'invention vise un mur déplaçable comportant des moyens d'appui sur le sol et des moyens d'attache pour son soulèvement, et comportant :

  • une embase formant un périmètre clos délimitant un espace interne, cette embase étant constituée de pierres, une pluralité de ces pierres de l'embase comportant chacune une armature fixée dans la pierre et s'étendant dans l'espace interne de l'embase ;
  • une ossature en béton coulé dans l'espace interne de l'embase, cette ossature enrobant les armatures de l'embase en venant au contact contre les pierres de l'embase ;
  • une paroi verticale s'étendant sur le dessus de l'embase et comportant des pierres liées par un mortier, la paroi verticale étant liée par un mortier à l'embase ;
  • au moins une réservation traversant l'embase et l'ossature de part en part.
To this end, the invention aims at a movable wall comprising means for supporting it on the ground and means of attachment for its lifting, and comprising:
  • a base forming a closed perimeter delimiting an internal space, this base being made up of stones, a plurality of these stones of the base each comprising a frame fixed in the stone and extending into the internal space of the base;
  • a concrete frame cast in the internal space of the base, this frame covering the frames of the base by coming into contact with the stones of the base;
  • a vertical wall extending on top of the base and comprising stones bonded by mortar, the vertical wall being bonded by mortar to the base;
  • at least one reservation crossing the base and the frame right through.

Le mur déplaçable selon l'invention remplit tout d'abord toutes les fonctions d'un tel élément :

  • il peut être posé directement sur le sol et présente une stabilité permettant de servir d'élément de construction, de séparation, de décoration, d'aménagement urbain, etc. ;
  • il peut être soulevé et déplacé pour être transporté, par un élingage rapporté dans les deux orifices traversant de l'embase.
The movable wall according to the invention first of all fulfills all the functions of such an element:
  • it can be placed directly on the ground and has a stability allowing it to be used as an element of construction, separation, decoration, urban planning, etc. ;
  • it can be lifted and moved to be transported, by slinging attached to the two through holes in the base.

Le mur déplaçable selon l'invention présente de plus un aspect esthétique correspondant précisément à l'aspect extérieur d'un mur en pierres traditionnelles. Ce mur déplaçable peut être réalisé, dans une mise en oeuvre particulièrement avantageuse de l'invention, par des pierres naturelles et irrégulières. Cet aspect rappelle les murs en pierres sèches, utilisées pour délimiter les parcelles cultivées depuis l'antiquité, aspect for prisé de nos jours.The movable wall according to the invention also has an aesthetic appearance corresponding precisely to the exterior appearance of a traditional stone wall. This movable wall can be made, in a particularly advantageous implementation of the invention, using natural and irregular stones. This aspect is reminiscent of dry stone walls, used to demarcate cultivated plots since antiquity, a popular aspect today.

L'invention rend compatible ce type de mur traditionnel, avec les fonctionnalités modernes requises d'un mur déplaçable qui doit être stocké, transporté et manipulé sur le terrain.The invention makes this type of traditional wall compatible with the modern functionalities required of a movable wall which must be stored, transported and handled in the field.

L'invention est particulièrement adaptée au domaine de l'aménagement et de la décoration en milieu urbain. Le mur déplaçable peut être stocké dans les dépôts des services de voirie d'une municipalité, puis transporté par les véhicules classiques munis de moyens de grutage, et enfin déposé aux endroits requis du paysage urbain pour embellir, créer des voies de circulation, barrer l'entrée de rues piétonnes aux véhicules, etc., et ce en présentant une esthétique traditionnelle valorisante pour un centre-ville.The invention is particularly suitable for the field of planning and decoration in an urban environment. The movable wall can be stored in the depots of the road services of a municipality, then transported by conventional vehicles equipped with crane means, and finally placed in the required places of the urban landscape to beautify, create traffic lanes, block the entrance to pedestrian streets for vehicles, etc., while presenting a traditional aesthetic that enhances a city center.

Le mur déplaçable selon l'invention peut comporter les caractéristiques additionnelles suivantes, seules ou en combinaison :

  • les pierres sur lesquelles sont fixées les armatures comportent chacune un orifice cylindrique débouchant dans l'espace interne ;
  • les armatures sont fixées dans les orifices cylindriques par scellement chimique ou emmanchement en force, ou vissage ;
  • l'armature de chaque pierre est constituée d'un ferraillage à béton ;
  • l'embase s'étend sur une ou plusieurs premières rangées de pierres du mur déplaçable ;
  • l'ossature comporte un ferraillage noyé dans le béton de l'ossature ;
  • chaque armature des pierres de l'embase est entrecroisée avec le ferraillage de l'ossature ;
  • chaque armature des pierres de l'embase est raccordée au ferraillage de l'ossature ;
  • l'embase comporte au moins deux desdites réservations qui sont constituées par des orifices traversants, et sont ménagées chacune par un tube noyé dans le béton de l'ossature. L'expression « deux orifices traversants » doit être entendue ici comme « au moins deux orifices traversants », l'embase pouvant être pourvue d'autant d'orifices traversants que nécessaires, notamment au vu de la masse totale du mur déplaçable, et de sa forme pour la répartition des élingues de levage ;
  • les moyens d'attache comportent des tiges de levage insérées dans les réservations de l'embase et comportant à chaque extrémité des anneaux de levage ;
  • les réservations de l'embase affleurent à la surface de l'embase, dans la jointure entre les pierres ;
  • les pierres de l'embase sont liées par un mortier ;
  • l'embase comporte une réservation parallélépipédique débouchant dans la face du mur qui est en contact avec le sol.
The movable wall according to the invention may include the following additional characteristics, alone or in combination:
  • the stones on which the frames are fixed each have a cylindrical orifice opening into the internal space;
  • the reinforcements are fixed in the cylindrical orifices by chemical sealing or force-fitting, or screwing;
  • the reinforcement of each stone is made up of concrete reinforcement;
  • the base extends over one or more first rows of stones of the movable wall;
  • the framework includes reinforcement embedded in the concrete of the framework;
  • each reinforcement of the stones of the base is intersected with the reinforcement of the framework;
  • each reinforcement of the stones of the base is connected to the reinforcement of the framework;
  • the base comprises at least two of said reservations which are constituted by through holes, and are each provided by a tube embedded in the concrete of the framework. The expression “two through orifices” must be understood here as “at least two through orifices”, the base being able to be provided with as many through orifices as necessary, in particular in view of the total mass of the movable wall, and of its shape for the distribution of lifting slings;
  • the attachment means comprise lifting rods inserted into the reservations of the base and comprising lifting rings at each end;
  • the base reservations are flush with the surface of the base, in the joint between the stones;
  • the stones of the base are linked by mortar;
  • the base has a parallelepiped opening opening into the face of the wall which is in contact with the ground.

PRÉSENTATION DES FIGURESPRESENTATION OF FIGURES

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention ressortiront de la description non limitative qui suit, en référence aux dessins annexés dans lesquels :

  • la figure 1 représente en perspective un mur déplaçable selon l'invention ;
  • la figure 2 est une vue en coupe horizontale de l'embase du mur déplaçable ;
  • la figure 3 est une vue de côté du mur déplaçable ;
  • la figure 4 est une vue en coupe verticale du mur déplaçable ;
  • la figure 5 et la figure 6 sont des vues illustrant le mur déplaçable en cours d'élingage ;
  • la figure 7 représente un mur déplaçable selon un deuxième mode de réalisation de l'invention.
Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will emerge from the non-limiting description which follows, with reference to the appended drawings in which:
  • there figure 1 represents in perspective a movable wall according to the invention;
  • there figure 2 is a horizontal sectional view of the base of the movable wall;
  • there Figure 3 is a side view of the movable wall;
  • there Figure 4 is a vertical sectional view of the movable wall;
  • there figure 5 and the Figure 6 are views illustrating the movable wall being slung;
  • there Figure 7 represents a movable wall according to a second embodiment of the invention.

Les éléments similaires et communs aux divers modes de réalisation portent les mêmes numéros de renvoi aux figures.Elements similar and common to the various embodiments bear the same reference numbers in the figures.

DESCRIPTION DÉTAILLÉEDETAILED DESCRIPTION

La figure 1 illustre un exemple de réalisation d'un mur déplaçable selon l'invention.There figure 1 illustrates an example of making a movable wall according to the invention.

Ce mur déplaçable présente ici un aspect de mur traditionnel en pierres naturelles. Les pierres 1 constituant le mur déplaçable sont, dans cet exemple, des pierres directement extraites d'une carrière et taillées ou coupées pour présenter une ou deux faces relativement planes. Ces pierres 1 sont de forme irrégulière.This movable wall here has the appearance of a traditional natural stone wall. The stones 1 constituting the movable wall are, in this example, stones directly extracted from a quarry and cut or cut to present one or two relatively flat faces. These stones 1 are irregular in shape.

Le mur déplaçable comporte une réservation dans son épaisseur destinée à permettre son déplacement. Dans le présent exemple, cette réservation 2 est réalisée par deux orifices traversants, qui traversent transversalement de part en part le mur déplaçable. Ces réservations 2 sont prévues dans cet exemple pour recevoir une tige filetée saillante de chaque côté du mur et sur lesquelles peuvent être vissés des moyens d'attache pour la manutention du mur déplaçable.The movable wall has a reservation in its thickness intended to allow its movement. In the present example, this reservation 2 is made by two through holes, which pass transversely from one side to the movable wall. These reservations 2 are provided in this example to receive a threaded rod projecting from each side of the wall and onto which attachment means can be screwed for handling the movable wall.

Alternativement, tout autre moyen de levage adapté à soulever le mur peut être mis en oeuvre, par une réalisation différente de ladite réservation, ou de manière complémentaire (par exemple, passage de fourches, ancres, douilles de levage, etc.).Alternatively, any other lifting means suitable for lifting the wall can be implemented, by a different embodiment of said reservation, or in a complementary manner (for example, passage of forks, anchors, lifting sockets, etc.).

Notamment, la réservation dans l'embase peut être réalisée par un ou plusieurs espaces creux traversant la paroi de part en part, et ménageant un espace accessible sous le mur, pour permettre le soulèvement du mur par exemple par un transpalette.In particular, the reservation in the base can be made by one or more hollow spaces crossing the wall right through, and providing an accessible space under the wall, to allow the wall to be lifted, for example by a pallet truck.

Le mur déplaçable comporte une embase 3 qui correspond dans cet exemple à la première ou aux deux premières rangées de pierres (la première rangée étant définie comme la rangée de pierre qui est en contact avec le sol, la deuxième rangée est la rangée qui vient sur la première rangée, et ainsi de suite).The movable wall comprises a base 3 which corresponds in this example to the first or two first rows of stones (the first row being defined as the row of stone which is in contact with the ground, the second row is the row which comes on the first row, and so on).

Le mur déplaçable comporte de plus une paroi verticale 4 qui prolonge l'embase 3 vers le haut. Dans le présent exemple, l'embase 3 et la paroi verticale 4 sont de même épaisseur de sorte que le mur est homogène du point de vue de sa largeur.The movable wall also includes a vertical wall 4 which extends the base 3 upwards. In the present example, the base 3 and the vertical wall 4 are of the same thickness so that the wall is homogeneous from the point of view of its width.

La figure 2 est une vue en coupe verticale de l'embase 3 montrant la constitution de cette dernière.There figure 2 is a vertical sectional view of the base 3 showing the constitution of the latter.

L'embase 3 comporte tout d'abord un ensemble de pierres (les première rangées de pierres qui constituent l'embase 3 comme décrit précédemment). Ces pierres sont liées ensemble par un mortier 5 et forment un périmètre clos délimitant un espace interne 6.The base 3 firstly comprises a set of stones (the first rows of stones which constitute the base 3 as described previously). These stones are linked together by a mortar 5 and form a closed perimeter delimiting an internal space 6.

Chacune des pierres 1 de l'embase 3 comporte une armature 7 qui est fixée à la pierre et qui s'étend dans l'espace interne 6 de l'embase 3.Each of the stones 1 of the base 3 comprises an armature 7 which is fixed to the stone and which extends into the internal space 6 of the base 3.

Dans le présent exemple, cette armature 7 est constituée d'un ferraillage, c'est-à-dire d'une tige d'acier généralement destinée au renfort du béton dans le génie civil. Cette armature 7 est fixée dans un orifice cylindrique creusé dans la pierre, et qui débouche dans l'espace interne 6. L'armature 7 peut être fixée dans cet orifice cylindrique par scellement chimique, par emmanchement en force, ou par vissage.In the present example, this reinforcement 7 consists of reinforcement, that is to say a steel rod generally intended for reinforcing concrete in civil engineering. This armature 7 is fixed in a cylindrical orifice dug in the stone, and which opens into the internal space 6. The armature 7 can be fixed in this cylindrical orifice by chemical sealing, by force fitting, or by screwing.

Le mur déplaçable comporte de plus une ossature 8 qui comporte un ferraillage 9 s'étendant dans la direction longitudinale du mur, le long de l'espace interne 6. Ce ferraillage 9 est par exemple constitué d'une poutre ou d'un treillis du type de ceux servant à renforcer une poutre ou un poteau en béton.The movable wall further comprises a framework 8 which comprises reinforcement 9 extending in the longitudinal direction of the wall, along the internal space 6. This reinforcement 9 is for example made up of a beam or a trellis of the type of those used to reinforce a concrete beam or column.

Ce ferraillage 9 est entrecroisé avec les armatures 7 de chacune des pierres. Cet entrecroisement peut de plus être complété par une liaison mécanique entre le ferraillage 9 et les armatures 7, au moyen par exemple de fils d'acier, tels que ceux permettant la réalisation de treillis de ferraillage.This reinforcement 9 is intersected with the reinforcements 7 of each of the stones. This intertwining can also be completed by a mechanical connection between the reinforcement 9 and reinforcements 7, for example by means of steel wires, such as those allowing the production of reinforcement meshes.

L'ossature 8 comporte de plus un béton coulé dans l'espace interne 6, de manière à enrober aussi bien le ferraillage 9 que les armatures 7. Le béton vient au contact contre les pierres de l'embase 3 de sorte que les pierres de l'embase 3 forment un coffrage pour le béton de l'ossature 8.The framework 8 further comprises concrete poured into the internal space 6, so as to coat both the reinforcement 9 and the reinforcements 7. The concrete comes into contact against the stones of the base 3 so that the stones of the base 3 forms a formwork for the concrete of the frame 8.

Le mur déplaçable comporte de plus deux tubes 10 qui forment les réservations 2. Les tubes 10 sont disposés dans l'embase 3 en traversant de part en part l'embase 3 et l'ossature 7. Les tubes 10 sont par exemple des tubes en PVC.The movable wall further comprises two tubes 10 which form the reservations 2. The tubes 10 are arranged in the base 3, passing right through the base 3 and the framework 7. The tubes 10 are for example tubes made of PVC.

Dans cet exemple de réalisation, les tubes 10 forment une réservation visant la fonction de transport du mur. Alternativement, ces tubes 10 peuvent être d'une autre section que circulaire, et peuvent déboucher dans la face du mur qui est en contact avec le sol, pour permettre par exemple un transport par transpalette.In this exemplary embodiment, the tubes 10 form a reservation intended for the transport function of the wall. Alternatively, these tubes 10 can be of a section other than circular, and can open into the face of the wall which is in contact with the ground, to allow for example transport by pallet truck.

Pour la fabrication d'un tel mur déplaçable, les pierres de l'embase 3 sont tout d'abord disposées sur une surface plane dans leur position de la figure 2. Le ferraillage 9 est ensuite mis en place et relié aux armatures 7. Les tubes 10 (ou tout élément de réservation, tel que tasseau, etc.) sont ensuite insérés pour traverser l'espace interne 6, en s'appuyant éventuellement sur les ferraillages, et en affleurant au niveau des pierres, sur chaque face latérale de l'embase, de sorte que les extrémités des réservations (ici les tubes 10) soient disposées dans une jointure entre deux pierres.For the manufacture of such a movable wall, the stones of the base 3 are first arranged on a flat surface in their position of the figure 2 . The reinforcement 9 is then put in place and connected to the reinforcements 7. The tubes 10 (or any reservation element, such as battens, etc.) are then inserted to cross the internal space 6, possibly relying on the reinforcements , and flush with the stones, on each side face of the base, so that the ends of the reservations (here the tubes 10) are arranged in a joint between two stones.

Le béton est ensuite coulé dans l'espace interne 6 pour terminer la réalisation de l'ossature 8.The concrete is then poured into the internal space 6 to complete the construction of the framework 8.

Le mortier 5 de l'embase 3 est optionnel et peut être appliqué avant ou après le coulage du béton de l'ossature 8.Mortar 5 for base 3 is optional and can be applied before or after pouring the concrete for frame 8.

Après la coulée du béton de l'ossature 8, l'embase 3 et l'ossature 8 forment ainsi un ensemble rigide dont les réservations 2 permettent l'élingage. Les réservations (constituées dans cet exemple par les tubes 10) sont en effet structurellement repris en effort dans l'ossature 8.After the concrete of the framework 8 has been poured, the base 3 and the framework 8 thus form a rigid assembly whose reservations 2 allow slinging. The reservations (constituted in this example by the tubes 10) are in fact structurally taken up in force in the framework 8.

La figure 3 illustre le mur déplaçable vu de côté. Cette figure illustre une caractéristique préférée dans laquelle les tubes 10 sont disposés pour affleurer à la surface du mur au niveau des deux jointures entre deux pierres. Les pierres de l'embase 3 ne subissent ainsi aucun perçage pour le passage des tubes 10, et les moyens d'attache restent ainsi discrets car intégrés aux joints du mur.There Figure 3 illustrates the movable wall seen from the side. This figure illustrates a preferred feature in which the tubes 10 are arranged to be flush with the surface of the wall at the level of the two joints between two stones. The stones of the base 3 thus do not undergo any drilling for the passage of the tubes 10, and the attachment means thus remain discreet because they are integrated into the joints of the wall.

La figure 4 est une vue en coupe verticale du mur et illustre le cas où l'embase 3 (et son ossature 8) s'étend sur les deux premières rangées de pierres.There Figure 4 is a vertical sectional view of the wall and illustrates the case where the base 3 (and its framework 8) extends over the first two rows of stones.

En référence à la figure 4, la paroi verticale 4 est constituée des mêmes pierres naturelles que l'embase 3 liées entre elles par un mortier 5, et cette paroi verticale 4 est elle-même reliée par un mortier 5 aux autres pierres de l'embase 3 ainsi qu'à l'ossature 8. Un mur d'aspect uniforme est ainsi réalisé, sans transition visible entre l'embase 3 et la paroi verticale 4, bien que seul l'embase 3 soit munie d'une ossature.In reference to the Figure 4 , the vertical wall 4 is made up of the same natural stones as the base 3 linked together by a mortar 5, and this vertical wall 4 is itself connected by a mortar 5 to the other stones of the base 3 as well as to the framework 8. A wall with a uniform appearance is thus produced, with no visible transition between the base 3 and the vertical wall 4, although only the base 3 is provided with a framework.

Lors de la construction du mur déplaçable, après la réalisation de l'embase 3, la paroi verticale 4 est ensuite construite sur l'embase 3, de la même manière qu'un mur est construit sur ses fondations.During the construction of the movable wall, after the creation of the base 3, the vertical wall 4 is then built on the base 3, in the same way as a wall is built on its foundations.

Dans le présent exemple, à titre indicatif, le mur déplaçable illustré mesure environ 1,80 m de long et 50 cm de large, pour une masse d'environ 1,15 tonne. La hauteur de l'embase 3 est de 25 à 35 centimètres.In the present example, for information purposes only, the movable wall illustrated measures approximately 1.80 m long and 50 cm wide, for a mass of approximately 1.15 tonnes. The height of base 3 is 25 to 35 centimeters.

La figure 5 illustre le mur déplaçable en cours d'élingage.There figure 5 illustrates the movable wall being slung.

Une tige filetée, de diamètre approprié au poids du mur, a été mise en place à l'intérieur des tubes 10 et un anneau 11 est vissé sur chaque extrémité de ces tiges filetées.A threaded rod, of diameter appropriate to the weight of the wall, has been placed inside the tubes 10 and a ring 11 is screwed onto each end of these threaded rods.

Le mur déplaçable est saisi par des élingues 13 munies de crochets 12 engagés dans les anneaux 11.The movable wall is gripped by slings 13 fitted with hooks 12 engaged in the rings 11.

L'ossature 8 permet le soulèvement du mur déplaçable sans aucun risque pour son intégrité et le positionnement des tubes 10 garanti la stabilité du mur pour un élingage en sécurité même dans un environnement urbain.The framework 8 allows the lifting of the movable wall without any risk for its integrity and the positioning of the tubes 10 guarantees the stability of the wall for safe slinging even in an urban environment.

La figure 6 est une vue similaire à la figure 5 sous un autre angle. Des écarteurs 14 sont prévus pour écarter l'élingue 13 afin de ne pas endommager le mur.There Figure 6 is a view similar to the figure 5 From another angle. Spacers 14 are provided to spread the sling 13 so as not to damage the wall.

Des variantes de réalisation du mur déplaçable peuvent être mises en oeuvre. Par exemple, le mur peut-être d'une autre forme que celle donnée ici en exemple, par exemple en forme de T (vu de dessus), toute autre forme appropriée à une utilisation particulière.Variant embodiments of the movable wall can be implemented. For example, the wall may have a shape other than that given here as an example, for example T-shaped (seen from above), any other shape appropriate to a particular use.

La figure 7 illustre par ailleurs un deuxième mode de réalisation dans lequel le mur déplaçable comporte une réservation 2 (en complément ou en substitution des réservations décrites précédemment) qui est constituée d'une forme parallélépipédique permettant un levage par fourches ou transpalette.There Figure 7 also illustrates a second embodiment in which the movable wall includes a reservation 2 (in addition to or in substitution for the reservations described above) which is made up of a parallelepiped shape allowing lifting by forks or pallet truck.

De plus, le mur déplaçable peut comporter des éléments pour des fonctions supplémentaires, notamment dans leur rôle d'aménagement urbain ou d'embellissement. Le mur déplaçable peut ainsi comporter par exemple une jardinière incorporée dans la paroi verticale, ou un système lumineux.In addition, the movable wall can include elements for additional functions, particularly in their role of urban development or beautification. The movable wall can thus include, for example, a planter incorporated into the vertical wall, or a lighting system.

Claims (13)

  1. Movable wall comprising means for resting on the ground and attachment means for lifting the wall, said wall comprises:
    - a base (3) forming a closed perimeter delimiting an internal space (6), this base (3) being made up of stones (1), a plurality of these stones of the base (3) each comprising a reinforcement (7) fastened within the stone and extending within the internal space of the base;
    - a framework (8) made of concrete cast within the internal space (6) of the base (3), this framework (8) coating the reinforcements (7) of the base (3) and coming into contact with the stones of the base (3);
    - a vertical wall (4) extending on top of the base (3) and comprising stones (1) joined together by a mortar (5), the vertical wall (4) being joined to the base (3) by a mortar (5);
    - at least one reservation (2) passing all the way through the base (3) and the framework (8).
  2. Movable wall according to Claim 1, wherein the stones to which the reinforcements (7) are fastened each comprise a cylindrical orifice that opens into the internal space (6).
  3. Movable wall according to Claim 2, wherein the reinforcements (7) are fastened within the cylindrical orifices by chemical sealing, force-fitting or screw-fastening.
  4. Movable wall according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the reinforcement (7) in each stone is made up of concrete-reinforcing rebar (9).
  5. Movable wall according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the base (3) extends over one or more first courses of stones of the movable wall.
  6. Movable wall according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the framework (8) comprises rebar (9) embedded in the concrete of the framework (8).
  7. Movable wall according to Claim 6, wherein each reinforcement (7) in the stones of the base (3) is criss-crossed with the rebar (9) of the framework (8).
  8. Movable wall according to Claim 7, wherein each reinforcement (7) in the stones of the base (3) is connected to the rebar (9) of the framework (8).
  9. Movable wall according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the base (3) comprises at least two of said reservations (2), which consist of through-orifices and are each formed by a tube (10) embedded in the concrete of the framework (8).
  10. Movable wall according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the attachment means comprise lifting rods that are inserted into the reservations (2) in the base (3) and comprise lifting rings (11) at each end.
  11. Movable wall according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the reservations (2) in the base (3) lie flush with the surface of the base (3) in the join between the stones.
  12. Movable wall according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the stones of the base (3) are joined together by a mortar (5).
  13. Movable wall according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the base (3) comprises a parallelepipedal reservation (2) that opens into the face of the wall that is in contact with the ground.
EP22183445.0A 2021-07-27 2022-07-06 Movable wall with concrete framework Active EP4124692B1 (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2608496A1 (en) * 1986-04-07 1988-06-24 Dutour Gerard Method for building a wall or portion of a wall out of exposed stones or similar materials, and wall thus built
ITBO20100336A1 (en) * 2010-05-31 2011-12-01 Baraccani S N C Di Baraccani Giorg Io & C PREFABRICATED MODULE WITH STONES AND A METHOD FOR ITS MANUFACTURING
FR3100259B1 (en) * 2019-08-29 2021-09-24 M pierre PREFABRICATED MODULE FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF A WALL OR A WALL DRESSED WITH NATURAL STONES PILED LIKE DRY STONE

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