EP4124692B1 - Versetzbare mauer mit betonskelett - Google Patents

Versetzbare mauer mit betonskelett Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4124692B1
EP4124692B1 EP22183445.0A EP22183445A EP4124692B1 EP 4124692 B1 EP4124692 B1 EP 4124692B1 EP 22183445 A EP22183445 A EP 22183445A EP 4124692 B1 EP4124692 B1 EP 4124692B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
base
movable wall
stones
framework
wall according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP22183445.0A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP4124692A1 (de
EP4124692C0 (de
Inventor
Charles CAVALIÉ
Pierre CAVALIÉ
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Cavalie Maconnerie
Original Assignee
Cavalie Maconnerie
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Publication date
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Publication of EP4124692A1 publication Critical patent/EP4124692A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP4124692C0 publication Critical patent/EP4124692C0/de
Publication of EP4124692B1 publication Critical patent/EP4124692B1/de
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Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
    • E02D17/20—Securing of slopes or inclines
    • E02D17/205—Securing of slopes or inclines with modular blocks, e.g. pre-fabricated
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01F—ADDITIONAL WORK, SUCH AS EQUIPPING ROADS OR THE CONSTRUCTION OF PLATFORMS, HELICOPTER LANDING STAGES, SIGNS, SNOW FENCES, OR THE LIKE
    • E01F15/00—Safety arrangements for slowing, redirecting or stopping errant vehicles, e.g. guard posts or bollards; Arrangements for reducing damage to roadside structures due to vehicular impact
    • E01F15/02—Continuous barriers extending along roads or between traffic lanes
    • E01F15/08—Continuous barriers extending along roads or between traffic lanes essentially made of walls or wall-like elements ; Cable-linked blocks
    • E01F15/081—Continuous barriers extending along roads or between traffic lanes essentially made of walls or wall-like elements ; Cable-linked blocks characterised by the use of a specific material
    • E01F15/083—Continuous barriers extending along roads or between traffic lanes essentially made of walls or wall-like elements ; Cable-linked blocks characterised by the use of a specific material using concrete
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
    • E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
    • E02D29/02—Retaining or protecting walls
    • E02D29/025—Retaining or protecting walls made up of similar modular elements stacked without mortar
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
    • E02D29/02—Retaining or protecting walls
    • E02D29/0258—Retaining or protecting walls characterised by constructional features
    • E02D29/0266—Retaining or protecting walls characterised by constructional features made up of preformed elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/04—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of concrete or other stone-like material; of asbestos cement; of cement and other mineral fibres
    • E04C2/041—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of concrete or other stone-like material; of asbestos cement; of cement and other mineral fibres composed of a number of smaller elements, e.g. bricks, also combined with a slab of hardenable material
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/44—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the purpose
    • E04C2/52—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the purpose with special adaptations for auxiliary purposes, e.g. serving for locating conduits
    • E04C2/526—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the purpose with special adaptations for auxiliary purposes, e.g. serving for locating conduits with adaptations not otherwise provided for, for connecting, transport; for making impervious or hermetic, e.g. sealings
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
    • E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
    • E02B3/12—Revetment of banks, dams, watercourses, or the like, e.g. the sea-floor
    • E02B3/14—Preformed blocks or slabs for forming essentially continuous surfaces; Arrangements thereof
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2002/005—Appearance of panels
    • E04C2002/007—Panels with the appearance of a brick wall

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of civil engineering and urban planning. It concerns more particularly a movable wall which can be transported and placed on the ground, without foundations, to form barriers, retaining walls, artificial banks, decorative or urban planning elements.
  • movable walls are generally made of either concrete blocks or stone-filled gabions.
  • Concrete blocks are the most common. They have the advantage of low cost and are easily movable thanks to lifting inserts, but their aesthetic is little sought after. These concrete blocks no longer correspond to the requirements of current urban developments, focused on less raw and more natural elements.
  • Movable walls made of gabions are metal cages filled with natural stones. These movable walls present a more acceptable appearance from the point of view of current aesthetic standards. However, they can still be improved to tend towards an appearance of a traditional construction element, and to avoid problems with the durability of the metal cage over time.
  • the document FR3100259A1 describes a movable wall comprising means of support on the ground and means of attachment for its lifting, said wall also comprising a base made of stones and a cast concrete frame, said concrete coating the reinforcements of the base coming in contact with the stones of the base, said wall also includes at least one through reservation.
  • the invention aims to improve the movable walls of the prior art.
  • the movable wall according to the invention also has an aesthetic appearance corresponding precisely to the exterior appearance of a traditional stone wall.
  • This movable wall can be made, in a particularly advantageous implementation of the invention, using natural and irregular stones. This aspect is pronounced of dry stone walls, used to demarcate cultivated plots since antiquity, a popular aspect today.
  • the invention makes this type of traditional wall compatible with the modern functionalities required of a movable wall which must be stored, transported and handled in the field.
  • the invention is particularly suitable for the field of planning and decoration in an urban environment.
  • the movable wall can be stored in the depots of the road services of a municipality, then transported by conventional vehicles equipped with crane means, and finally placed in the required places of the urban landscape to beautify, create traffic lanes, block the entrance to pedestrian streets for vehicles, etc., while presenting a traditional aesthetic that enhances a city center.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates an example of making a movable wall according to the invention.
  • This movable wall here has the appearance of a traditional natural stone wall.
  • the stones 1 constituting the movable wall are, in this example, stones directly extracted from a quarry and cut or cut to present one or two relatively flat faces. These stones 1 are irregular in shape.
  • the movable wall has a reservation in its thickness intended to allow its movement.
  • this reservation 2 is made by two through holes, which pass transversely from one side to the movable wall. These reservations 2 are provided in this example to receive a threaded rod projecting from each side of the wall and onto which attachment means can be screwed for handling the movable wall.
  • any other lifting means suitable for lifting the wall can be implemented, by a different embodiment of said reservation, or in a complementary manner (for example, passage of forks, anchors, lifting sockets, etc.).
  • the reservation in the base can be made by one or more hollow spaces crossing the wall right through, and providing an accessible space under the wall, to allow the wall to be lifted, for example by a pallet truck.
  • the movable wall comprises a base 3 which corresponds in this example to the first or two first rows of stones (the first row being defined as the row of stone which is in contact with the ground, the second row is the row which comes on the first row, and so on).
  • the movable wall also includes a vertical wall 4 which extends the base 3 upwards.
  • the base 3 and the vertical wall 4 are of the same thickness so that the wall is homogeneous from the point of view of its width.
  • FIG. 2 is a vertical sectional view of the base 3 showing the constitution of the latter.
  • the base 3 firstly comprises a set of stones (the first rows of stones which constitute the base 3 as described previously). These stones are linked together by a mortar 5 and form a closed perimeter delimiting an internal space 6.
  • Each of the stones 1 of the base 3 comprises an armature 7 which is fixed to the stone and which extends into the internal space 6 of the base 3.
  • this reinforcement 7 consists of reinforcement, that is to say a steel rod generally intended for reinforcing concrete in civil engineering.
  • This armature 7 is fixed in a cylindrical orifice dug in the stone, and which opens into the internal space 6.
  • the armature 7 can be fixed in this cylindrical orifice by chemical sealing, by force fitting, or by screwing.
  • the movable wall further comprises a framework 8 which comprises reinforcement 9 extending in the longitudinal direction of the wall, along the internal space 6.
  • This reinforcement 9 is for example made up of a beam or a trellis of the type of those used to reinforce a concrete beam or column.
  • This reinforcement 9 is intersected with the reinforcements 7 of each of the stones. This intertwining can also be completed by a mechanical connection between the reinforcement 9 and reinforcements 7, for example by means of steel wires, such as those allowing the production of reinforcement meshes.
  • the framework 8 further comprises concrete poured into the internal space 6, so as to coat both the reinforcement 9 and the reinforcements 7.
  • the concrete comes into contact against the stones of the base 3 so that the stones of the base 3 forms a formwork for the concrete of the frame 8.
  • the movable wall further comprises two tubes 10 which form the reservations 2.
  • the tubes 10 are arranged in the base 3, passing right through the base 3 and the framework 7.
  • the tubes 10 are for example tubes made of PVC.
  • the tubes 10 form a reservation intended for the transport function of the wall.
  • these tubes 10 can be of a section other than circular, and can open into the face of the wall which is in contact with the ground, to allow for example transport by pallet truck.
  • the stones of the base 3 are first arranged on a flat surface in their position of the figure 2 .
  • the reinforcement 9 is then put in place and connected to the reinforcements 7.
  • the tubes 10 (or any reservation element, such as battens, etc.) are then inserted to cross the internal space 6, possibly relying on the reinforcements , and flush with the stones, on each side face of the base, so that the ends of the reservations (here the tubes 10) are arranged in a joint between two stones.
  • the concrete is then poured into the internal space 6 to complete the construction of the framework 8.
  • Mortar 5 for base 3 is optional and can be applied before or after pouring the concrete for frame 8.
  • the base 3 and the framework 8 thus form a rigid assembly whose reservations 2 allow slinging.
  • the reservations (constituted in this example by the tubes 10) are in fact structurally taken up in force in the framework 8.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates the movable wall seen from the side.
  • This figure illustrates a preferred feature in which the tubes 10 are arranged to be flush with the surface of the wall at the level of the two joints between two stones.
  • the stones of the base 3 thus do not undergo any drilling for the passage of the tubes 10, and the attachment means thus remain discreet because they are integrated into the joints of the wall.
  • FIG. 4 is a vertical sectional view of the wall and illustrates the case where the base 3 (and its framework 8) extends over the first two rows of stones.
  • the vertical wall 4 is made up of the same natural stones as the base 3 linked together by a mortar 5, and this vertical wall 4 is itself connected by a mortar 5 to the other stones of the base 3 as well as to the framework 8.
  • a wall with a uniform appearance is thus produced, with no visible transition between the base 3 and the vertical wall 4, although only the base 3 is provided with a framework.
  • the vertical wall 4 is then built on the base 3, in the same way as a wall is built on its foundations.
  • the movable wall illustrated measures approximately 1.80 m long and 50 cm wide, for a mass of approximately 1.15 tonnes.
  • the height of base 3 is 25 to 35 centimeters.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates the movable wall being slung.
  • a threaded rod of diameter appropriate to the weight of the wall, has been placed inside the tubes 10 and a ring 11 is screwed onto each end of these threaded rods.
  • the movable wall is gripped by slings 13 fitted with hooks 12 engaged in the rings 11.
  • the framework 8 allows the lifting of the movable wall without any risk for its integrity and the positioning of the tubes 10 guarantees the stability of the wall for safe slinging even in an urban environment.
  • FIG. 6 is a view similar to the figure 5 From another angle. Spacers 14 are provided to spread the sling 13 so as not to damage the wall.
  • the movable wall can be implemented.
  • the wall may have a shape other than that given here as an example, for example T-shaped (seen from above), any other shape appropriate to a particular use.
  • FIG. 7 also illustrates a second embodiment in which the movable wall includes a reservation 2 (in addition to or in substitution for the reservations described above) which is made up of a parallelepiped shape allowing lifting by forks or pallet truck.
  • a reservation 2 in addition to or in substitution for the reservations described above
  • the movable wall can include elements for additional functions, particularly in their role of urban development or beautification.
  • the movable wall can thus include, for example, a planter incorporated into the vertical wall, or a lighting system.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Fencing (AREA)
  • Revetment (AREA)

Claims (13)

  1. Versetzbare Mauer mit Mitteln zum Abstützen auf dem Boden und mit Befestigungsmitteln zum Anheben, wobei die Mauer Folgendes aufweist:
    - einen Sockel (3), der einen geschlossenen Bereich bildet, der einen Innenraum (6) begrenzt, wobei dieser Sockel (3) aus Steinen (1) besteht, wobei eine Vielzahl dieser Steine des Sockels (3) jeweils eine Bewehrung (7) aufweist, die in dem Stein befestigt ist und sich in den Innenraum des Sockels erstreckt;
    - eine Konstruktion (8) aus Beton, der in den Innenraum (6) des Sockels (3) gegossen wird, wobei diese Konstruktion (8) die Bewehrungen (7) des Sockels (3) umhüllt und mit den Steinen des Sockels (3) in Kontakt kommt;
    - eine vertikale Wand (4), die sich über die Oberseite des Sockels (3) erstreckt und Steine (1) aufweist, die durch einen Mörtel (5) gebunden sind, wobei die vertikale Wand (4) durch einen Mörtel (5) mit dem Sockel (3) verbunden ist;
    - Mindestens eine Aussparung (2), die durch den Sockel (3) und die Konstruktion (8) verläuft.
  2. Versetzbare Mauer nach Anspruch 1, wobei die Steine, an denen die Bewehrungen (7) befestigt sind, jeweils eine zylindrische Öffnung aufweisen, die in den Innenraum (6) mündet.
  3. Versetzbare Mauer nach Anspruch 2, wobei die Bewehrungen (7) in den zylindrischen Öffnungen durch Klebeanker oder Einpressen oder Verschrauben befestigt werden.
  4. Versetzbare Mauer nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Bewehrung (7) jedes Steins aus einer Betonarmierung (9) besteht.
  5. Versetzbare Mauer nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei sich der Sockel (3) über eine oder mehrere erste Steinreihen der versetzbaren Mauer erstreckt.
  6. Versetzbare Mauer nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Konstruktion (8) eine Armierung (9) aufweist, die in den Beton der Konstruktion (8) eingebettet ist.
  7. Versetzbare Mauer nach Anspruch 6, wobei jede Bewehrung (7) der Steine des Sockels (3) mit der Armierung (9) der Konstruktion (8) verschränkt ist.
  8. Versetzbare Mauer nach Anspruch 7, wobei jede Bewehrung (7) der Steine des Sockels (3) mit der Armierung (9) der Konstruktion (8) verbunden ist.
  9. Versetzbare Mauer nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei der Sockel (3) mindestens zwei der genannten Aussparungen (2) aufweist, die aus durchgehenden Öffnungen bestehen und jeweils von einem Rohr (10) gebildet werden, das in den Beton der Konstruktion (8) eingebettet ist.
  10. Versetzbare Mauer nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Befestigungsmittel Hebestangen aufweisen, die in die Aussparungen (2) des Sockels (3) eingesetzt werden und die an jedem Ende Heberinge (11) aufweisen.
  11. Versetzbare Mauer nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Aussparungen (2) des Sockels (3) in der Fuge zwischen den Steinen bündig mit der Oberfläche des Sockels (3) sind.
  12. Versetzbare Mauer nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Steine des Sockels (3) durch einen Mörtel (5) verbunden sind.
  13. Versetzbare Mauer nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei der Sockel (3) eine quaderförmige Aussparung (2) aufweist, die in die Seite der Wand mündet, die mit dem Boden in Kontakt steht.
EP22183445.0A 2021-07-27 2022-07-06 Versetzbare mauer mit betonskelett Active EP4124692B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR2108137A FR3125827B1 (fr) 2021-07-27 2021-07-27 Mur déplaçable à ossature béton

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4124692A1 EP4124692A1 (de) 2023-02-01
EP4124692C0 EP4124692C0 (de) 2024-01-24
EP4124692B1 true EP4124692B1 (de) 2024-01-24

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ID=77711149

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP22183445.0A Active EP4124692B1 (de) 2021-07-27 2022-07-06 Versetzbare mauer mit betonskelett

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP4124692B1 (de)
FR (1) FR3125827B1 (de)

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2608496A1 (fr) * 1986-04-07 1988-06-24 Dutour Gerard Procede de realisation d'un mur ou portion d'un mur en pierres apparentes ou materiaux analogues, et mur ainsi realise
ITBO20100336A1 (it) * 2010-05-31 2011-12-01 Baraccani S N C Di Baraccani Giorg Io & C Modulo prefabbricato avente pietre a facciavista e metodo per la sua fabbricazione
FR3100259B1 (fr) * 2019-08-29 2021-09-24 M pierre Module préfabriqué pour la construction d’un mur ou d’un muret habillé de pierres naturelles empilées façon pierres sèches

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP4124692A1 (de) 2023-02-01
FR3125827B1 (fr) 2023-07-28
EP4124692C0 (de) 2024-01-24
FR3125827A1 (fr) 2023-02-03

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