FR2562595A1 - IMPROVEMENT IN VERTICAL CONSTRUCTIONS - Google Patents

Abstract

PROCESS FOR THE REALIZATION OF VERTICAL CONSTRUCTIONS CHARACTERIZED IN THAT IT CONSISTS OF MAKING IN ADVANCE IN THE FACTORY MODULAR STANDARD ELEMENTS, WHICH WE ASSEMBLE THEN ON THE SITE, EACH ELEMENT CONSISTING OF A SMOOTH SHEET ON THE EXTERNAL SIDE FROM WHICH RIGIDIFICATION AND REINFORCEMENT RIBS ARE WELDED.

Description

IMPROVEMENT ON CONSTRUCTIONS 2562595

VERTICALS.

  The present invention relates to vertical constructions, in particular of high height, and preferably, well

  that not exclusively, the silos for storage and loading-

  cereals, or other bulk products, such as

  don, talc, lime and the like. To date, these constructions have been carried out on site, either in concrete or in folded sheet. A concrete silo is expensive and takes a long time to build. A folded and welded t8le silo also, and it also has its own drawbacks linked to the very shape of the constituent elements: the internal wall having recesses and reliefs, the existence of these recesses leads to zones of differential friction with d on the one hand the formation of deposits of organic matter tending

  to rot instead, and on the other hand the formation of vaults

  ending important dynamic efforts.

  The invention overcomes all these drawbacks by means of a simple and inexpensive method and equipment which are convenient to

enforce.

  According to the invention, construction is carried out by means of standard modular elements, produced in advance in the factory, and assembled on site by simple bolting or welding.

  on vertical posts, these elements consisting of pan-

  flat planes, remaining smooth on their internal face, and on the external face of which are welded horizontal reinforcing and stiffening ribs, forming with the flat panels

closed boxes.

  According to an interesting alternative embodiment, said ribs are themselves supplemented by U-shaped or V-shaped parts, distributed on edge on the external face of the panel covered by the rib and over the entire length of the latter, it that is to say inside said box, their number and frequency being determined by the stresses exerted on

said panel.

  One thus obtains, from small and easy elements to carry out and to transport, constructions of all forms

  and of all sizes, smooth I inside, and whose soli-

  rigidity and stiffness on: = araties by said ribs. According to

  ! iivention la i si d cl nrvresa and in particular their thickness-

  sor, is proportional to that of each panel; so too

  their spacing is progressive in the vertical direction, in function

co

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  height of the construction, according to the diagram

  usual thrust, itself dependent on the height of the

  truction and the nature and quantity of the materials it contains. We will now describe the invention in more detail, with reference to the accompanying drawing in which: - Figures 1 and la are perspective views and partially coupled of a silo wall in t8le folded conform

to the prior art.

  - Figures 2 and 2a are similar perspective views and partially cut away, of a modular element according to the invention, - Figures 3 and 3a are similar to Figures 2 and 2a, but include the complementary reinforcing parts of the

ribs according to the invention.

  FIGS. 4,4a and 4b illustrate the constitution of a flat wall and its support on the ground, from the front, in section

vertical and in horizontal section.

  FIG. 5 illustrates the constitution of an angle in a construction with a polygonal section,

  - Figure 6 is a partial view of a construct-

  tion in progress using these Elements.

  Referring first to Figures 1 and la, we see that the wall of a silo built according to the techniques

  front, consists of a single sheet 1, folded alternately

  inwards and outwards, so X

  forming alternately hollow ribs 2, and in relief 3.

  Such folded sheets are generally fixed by points on vertical posts as shown for example in

  French patents 79 00159 of January 4, 1979.

  Although this construction, and folding in ribs provide a certain rigidity to the construction, it has the disadvantages of leaving areas such as 4 in which the material stored in the silo can accumulate without flowing at the time of emptying the silo. This material is generally of organic origin, it risks rotting on site and contaminating the next filling of the silo. In addition, the flow of vaults forming at the time of the emptying of the silo cries out significant dynamic constraints

on the walls.

  Furthermore, the posts on which these sheets come to be applied, and these sheets themselves, are generally very large, made on the site itself and

  assembled on site at the cost of considerable effort and effort.

  If we now refer to Figures 2 and 2a, we see that a similar improved result is obtained

  thanks to the invention, according to which the wall of the silo is

  formed by a flat sheet 5, on the external face of which are fixed, for example by welding, horizontal ribs,

  such as 6, by forming a succession of closed closed boxes

  zontals. We thus obtain the following double result:

  - on the one hand the internal surface of the wall is com-

  completely smooth, - and on the other hand this wall is made rigid by the ribs which can be of depth and spacing corresponding to the mechanical stresses of the wall constitutes

in this way.

  Such elements can be produced in various sizes, by continuous welding and automatically in the factory, then assembled on site as modular elements.

  adapted to the form of construction.

  In the variant of the invention illustrated in Figures 3 and 3a, additional parts 10 are inserted between the panel 5 and each rib 6. Thanks to the partial cutout practiced in Figure 3, we see that such a part 10 has the

  shape of a U laid on edge on panel 5, and having the thickness

  sor of the rib. These parts 10 serve to compensate for any buckling of the rod 5 behind the rib in the case of high loads. Their number and arrangement will therefore depend on the size of the silo and the location of the panel in question. In the case of a complex construction, this number and this distribution can be determined from a

  computer program, which will build, h by-

  series shot of identical elements between them a whole series of silos. Of course, the parts 10 could have a different section, for example in V, in Z, or any other, their essential role being to form along the ribs a series of

  additional reinforcement partitions.

  Figures 4 and 5 illustrate various modes of assembly.

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  ge modular elements as shown in Figures 2-2a or 3-3a, that is to say each consisting of a panel II on which are welded horizontal ribs 12, to form stiffening boxes, reinforced or not by parts such as 10 (Figures 3-3a). These modular elements are bordered by vertical posts 13, making it possible to assemble them in two different ways: For the creation of large flat panels (Figures 4,4a, 4b), several panels 11-12-13 are juxtaposed, to form unitary subsets such as S, etS2, and these subsets are juxtaposed along two posts

  13'a-13'b to form a complete planar wall. It is at the place

  cementing of the pairs of posts 13'a-13'b that such a wall rests, by anchoring and stabilizing feet ensuring sufficient seating for this wall. To this end, the posts V13'a and 13'b are shortened, to allow the insertion of feet 14a-14b, with trapezoidal vertical section, and whose large base is fixed to a common base 15 of very high weight. Such a structure is particularly suitable for a construction with a rectangular base and of very large dimensions such as a

grain silo.

  For the construction of structures of smaller dimensions, with polygonal section, we operate as illustrated in FIG. 5. In this case, each panel comprises a single complete module 11-12-13, and at the corners of the structure, the rib- is indented at an angle to allow the mounting of a 13 "inclined post, intended to be coupled to another 13" b post, having the same inclination, of the following panel. The two posts 13a and 13 "b are therefore recessed, which ensures their mutual assistance, and by following.e continuous working conditions.

  According to a variant of assembly of two posts 13 ad-

  jacent, instead of a weld ensuring such an embedding, one can use a bolting, which eliminates any weld under

  the site, but which, involving a joint, disadvantages the soli-

  ditg of the elements thus assembled, which no longer assist each other

  tually. To compensate for possible deformation under the effect of the filling pressure, we can then reinforce

  each bolt for a tube furnace.

  FIG. 6 illustrates such an assembly, the modular elements, such as A and B, being mounted on posts such as C, it being understood that, although this is not shown

  in the drawing for clarity, the thickness e of each ner-

  vure and the spacing E between two successive ribs vary according to the size of the elements used, and according to the altitude at which this element is mounted, the calculation of these different dimensions of course falling under the usual techniques of construction.

  The interest of this new type of construction compared to

  port to conventional metal silos is in the speed of realization, the absence of fouling of the internal wall, the

  reduction of dynamic effects on emptying, better

  "energy-efficient", that is to say an increase in the admissible internal pressure for a given quantity of stored materials, and above all the possibility of automating the factory production of standard modules which then need only be assembled

  on site with a minimum of equipment and personnel.

  In addition, the advantage of this type of construction compared to concrete which is sometimes also used, is its always lower cost, and especially the speed of the site compared to a concrete site, which is necessarily very long and which is done on place, whereas in the case of the present invention, the product is entirely produced in the factory, in the form of modular elements simply mounted on the site by means of a

  appropriate bolting or welding system.

  Similarly, compared to traditional constructions, the advantage of the invention is considerable flexibility, some

  either the size of the construction, and in addition we can consider

  note that the larger this construction, the greater the interest of this system also, insofar as constructions such as traditional silos include very large elements, which poses transport problems, as well as bad weather and personnel issues

  for the entire finish on site.

  These problems are eliminated thanks to the invention, which only involves a set of elements which are easy to construct.

  in the factory, and to transport and assemble easily on a chan-

  tier. It should be understood that, although particularly suitable for the construction of silos, the invention is not

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  not limited to 3 this application and on the contrary allows the

  lization of any construction, in particular large vertical, or polygonal, for storage, loading and

  unloading of all bulk materials.

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Claims (10)

  1. Process for the realization of vertical constructions, characterized in that it consists of producing modular standardized elements in advance in the factory, which are then assembled on site, each element consisting of a smooth sheet on the outer face of which are welded ribs of stiffening and reinforcement.   2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the depth of each rib is proportional to the panel dimensions.   3. Method according to one of claims 1 and 2, charac-   characterized in that the spacing between two successive ribs varies as a function of the altitude at which said panel is mounted.   4. Method according to any one of claims I to   3, characterized in that the ribs are horizontal.   5. Method according to any one of claims I to   4, characterized in that the panels are assembled on   vertical posts with rectangular section.   6. Method according to any one of claims 1   to 5, characterized in that additional reinforcing pieces are inserted along the ribs between the panel and the above the rib.   7. Method according to claim 6, characterized in that said parts have the shape of U posed edge against the panel.   8. Construction elements and constructions such as silos, obtained by the process according to any one of claims 1 to 7.   9. Construction elements according to claim 8, characterized in that, at the base of a pair of said posts are inserted feet with trapezoidal vertical section and   joined to a ground anchor base.   i1. Constructions according to claim 8, characterized in that two adjacent panels are joined by welding of their respective posts.   11. Construction according to claim 8, characterized in that two adjacent panels are assembled by bolting   of their successive posts, with the interposition of a joint.