FR2541709A1 - Methods and self-supporting pans for the construction of curved tile roofs, roofs and buildings obtained - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to methods for the construction of curved tiled roofs, as well as the roofs obtained and self-supporting pans. A roof of a building 1 comprises self-supporting ribbed pans 4 which are laid on horizontal purlins 31, 32, 33 supported by a frame 2. The relief corrugations 4a are fixed to the purlins by bolts. A metal reinforcement strip is fixed to the bolts and is embedded in a concrete roll. A row of curved tiles 9, the concavity of which is directed downwards, is laid on each concrete roll. One application is the semi-pre-engineered construction of detached houses.

Description

 Freestanding processes and tubs for the construction of round tiled roofs, roofs and buildings obtained.

 The ~ present invention relates to methods of building roofs in round tiles, self-supporting trays for this construction and the roofs and buildings obtained.

 The technical sector of the invention is that of the construction of roofs in channel tiles or round tiles of cylindroconical shape.

 We know the traditional roofs in round tiles or Roman tiles with juxtaposed rows of tiles whose concavity is rotated alternately up and down. These tiles are usually laid on a sub-roof, for example a sub-roof in planks or battens.

 In order to facilitate the construction of canal tile roofs while retaining their architectural appearance, various methods have been proposed, in particular a process which consists of laying the channel tiles on a corrugated fiber cement sub-roof which ensures waterproofing. and the flow of water. This process is expensive and there is a risk of lack of waterproofing because the fiber cement sheets can crack, especially under the effect of freezing or expansion. In addition, fiber cement sheets cannot bear significant bending loads and it is therefore necessary to multiply the purlins supporting the sheets, which increases the cost of the frame and laying work.

 An objective of the present invention is to provide new round tile roofs which make it possible to preserve the architectural appearance of the traditional roof and in which the round tiles are placed on a sub-roof which has a very good water tightness. and in the air, which is easy to install and which reduces the short of the roof.

 Self-supporting metal tubs are known, generally tubs made of galvanized sheet or oven lacquered, which are used to construct the roofs of industrial buildings or lateral cladding.

 The present invention constitutes a new application of self-supporting containers whose transverse profile had to be adapted to their new function.

 The present invention relates to methods of constructing roofs of round tiles of the type comprising horizontal purlins which support a waterproof sub-roof carrying rows of round tiles whose concavity is directed downwards.

A method according to the invention comprises the following operations
- self-supporting corrugated ribbed crenellated tubs are manufactured;
- said tanks are placed on said purlins, parallel to the roof slope line;
- The corrugations in relief of said tanks are fixed to said purlins by bolts and truss frames are fixed on said bolts which extend over the entire length of the tanks;
- a bead of mortar or concrete is deposited around said reinforcement;
- And there are placed on said beads of concrete lines juxtaposed with round tiles whose concave face is turned downwards.

 A roof according to the invention comprises self-supporting ribbed tubs, corrugated corrugations which are placed on said purlins along the slope line of the roof and which are fixed to said purlins by bolts which pass through the raised corrugations; sheets of metal reinforcements which are fixed on said bolts, which extend over the entire length of said tanks and which are each incorporated in a concrete bead which is laid above each corrugation in relief and round tiles, the concave face of which is turned downward, which are placed on said beads of concrete or mortar.

 The self-supporting ribbed tanks according to the invention have corrugations in the form of trapezoidal notches whose sides diverge upwards with a clearance angle of between 04 and 15t, whose pitch is between 200 and 220 mm and whose depth of the slots is l '' order of 50 mm.

 The invention results in new round tile roofs whose concavity is directed downwards. Thanks to the self-supporting tubs which can have a length equal to the length of the roof slopes, we obtain roofs that are perfectly airtight and airtight and that keep their waterproofness.

 The self-supporting tubs in laminated sheet or in laminated resins have, thanks to their ribbed shape a very good resistance to bending, so that the purlins which support them can be spaces.

The construction of the roofs according to the invention is very fast and does not require a very qualified workforce and the method of construction of the roofs according to the invention makes it possible to translate the duration and the cost of construction of the roofs in round tiles.
The process according to the invention makes it possible to obtain a good mechanical connection between the tiles and the self-supporting containers: thanks to the presence of a frame formed by a strip of expanded metal or of wire mesh extending over the entire length of the containers, which is attached to the anchor bolts thereof on the purlins
The self-supporting containers according to the invention can be manufactured by hand by cold rolling or folding of galvanized or oven-painted steel sheets, of standardized width.

 Advantageously, we start from sheets having a standard width of 1 meter, which can be delivered in great lengths on a reel, and we form therein bins comprising three complete corrugations having a pitch of between 210 mm and 220 mm and a depth of 50 mm, these dimensions being perfectly suitable for laying rows of round tiles covering the raised corrugations2, leaving a slight clearance between the tile threads and a slight clearance between the edge of the tiles and the bottom of the hollow corrugations for the passage and circulation of rainwater.

 The self-supporting trays according to the invention, made of sheet metal 0.5 mm thick, have a weight of the order of 4 Kg / m which is a relatively low weight compared to that of other known under-roofs, which makes it possible to lighten framing.

 Of course, it is possible to choose sheets of different thickness according to the range between purlins supporting the tanks.

 An advantage of roofs according to the invention, compared to round tile roofs placed on corrugated plates. In fiber cement, resided in the fact that they make it possible to build roofs with lower slopes thanks to better sealing and thanks to the shape. hollow grooves that allow better water flow.

 The following description refers to the appended drawings which represent, without any limiting character, an exemplary embodiment of a roof according to the invention.

 Figure I is a partial perspective view of a roof slope according to the invention.

 Figure 2 is a vertical section along II-II of Figure 1.

 FIG. 3 is a top view on a larger scale of part of FIG. 1.

 Figure 1 shows part of a building 1, for example a detached house.

 The present invention aims to facilitate the construction of roofs of individual houses but it is not limited to this application and the roofs according to the invention can be used to cover other types of building including collective dwellings or industrial premises.

 The roof is supported by structural elements 2 which can be metal or wooden or pre-cast concrete structures. The trusses of the frame support horizontal purlins 3, for example three purlins 31 322 33 for a roof slope having a length of 6 meters.

 The purlins 3 support a sub-roof which is constituted by self-supporting trays 4 which are ribbed trays in the form of slots having raised ribs 4a and hollow grooves 4b. The tanks 4 are placed parallel to the slope line of the roof, that is to say that the ribs are parallel to the slope line so that the grooves. in hollow 4b form chutes which receive the water and channel it down. The bins 4 covering a roofing section are preferably of a single piece and hang continuously over the entire length of the slope line. In the case of roofing sections having too great a length, it is possible to of course use several trays overlapping in the direction 'of the length.

 Figure 1 shows a single tray 4 which is manufactured by cold rolling a steel sheet, galvanized or oven-painted. Having a standardized width of I meter and a length equal to the length of the slope line of the roofing panel.

 The production of sheet metal trays 4 is a preferred but non-limiting embodiment. The trays 4 could be extruded or molded in plastic, in particular in plastic material laminated by fiberglass or by any other fiber or equivalent frame.

 The tanks 4 are fixed to the purlins 3 by bolts 5 or lag screws, or threaded rods, or any other equivalent fixing member, which pass through fixing holes 6 which are drilled through, the corrugations in relief 4a , as seen in Figures I to 3.

 Plates of metal reinforcement 7, for example strips of expanded metal or wire mesh or any other ply of equivalent perforated reinforcement, are fixed to the bolts 5.

 Each ply 7 extends over the entire length of a relief corrugation 4a and is fixed to all the bolts 5 distributed along it. Each ply 7 has a central horizontal strip 7a which is locked between a washer and the bolt flange and one or two wings 7b, 7e which extend obliquely or vertically from the strip 7a and which can be flat or preferably , bent as shown in Figure 2 for better bonding with concrete.

 On each raised corrugation 4a, a layer 8 of cement concrete or resin is laid or a layer of mortar or polymerizable mastic forming a bead in which the frame 7 is incorporated.

 Before the concrete or mortar is hardened, a row of Roman or round tiles 9 is laid on each raised corrugation, the concave face of which is directed downwards and is applied against the concrete 8, which forms a bed for laying the tiles and which fixes these an adhering to their underside.

 There is shown in FIGS. 1 and 3 a fila of tiles 9a, 9b, etc. which overlap in a habitual manner.

 The neighboring rows are juxtaposed as seen in FIG. 2, so that the finished roof represents an aspect similar to that of traditional roofs with channel tiles and an appearance identical to that of round tiled roofs comprising only tiles whose concavity is turned downwards and which are placed on a corrugated fiber cement underlayment. Compared to the latter, the roofs according to the invention have the advantage of being quicker to lay, more watertight. air and water and not exposed to cracks due to frost or building movements.

There is shown in Figure I, haughty tiles 10
as well as pieces of li round tiles laid in a gargoyle under
the end of the hollow corrugations 4b to collect the water which
flows from them and away from the facade,
Figures 1 3 showing a pre embodiment
of ribbed self-supporting trays 4 which are manufactured by cold rolling, of galvanized or oven-painted sheets, having a width
standard meter of 1 meter.

In this case, a tray is formed in each tola which has
three juxtaposed waves, that is to say three slots with relief 4a
and three hollow slots 4b.

The pitch of the undulations9 i.e. the width of a wave
is between 210 and 220 mm.

According to a preferred embodiment which is represented
tee in Figure 2, the slots have a flared trapezoidal shape
upward for recessed grooves undercut angles
a being of the order of 0 z 15.

The depth of the slots is of the order of 50 mm. This depth corresponds substantially to the internal deflection of the standard tiles and, as these are supported on the concrete layer 8,
the edges of the tiles lying several centimeters at the
above the bottom of the chutes 4b which remains free for the flow
rain water.

According to the preferred embodiment depicted on the
Figure 2, the raised slots 4a are slightly wider than
the hollow slots 4b. For example9 the raised slots 4a
have a peak width el of 110 mm, the indented slots 4b
have a basic width 'e2 of 85 mm and the inclined flanks have a width of 55 mm and a draft angle a of 10, which gives a flank width e3 of 10 mm and a pitch between corrugations of 215 mm.

As a variant, it is possible to manufacture symmetrical containers having
for example a pitch of 220 mm and slots 4a and 4b having a
width of 100 mm.

It can be seen in FIG. 2 that the widths of slots chosen make it possible to lay rows of neighboring tiles which are juxtaposed
with a small clearance allowing the water to flow into the troughs
4h We can vary this game slightly, which gives a slight
tolerance in the pitch of the undulations and the width of the raised slots. The pitch of the corrugations must be between 210 mm and 220 mm. The width of the raised slots 4b must be between 100 mm and 120 mm.

 FIG. 2 illustrates a preferred exemplary embodiment in which the pitch of the undulations and the width and the depth of the slots have been chosen both to adapt to the dimensions of the standard tiles, in order to obtain good rigidity of the ribbed tubs making it possible to space the purlins which support them by several meters in the case where the tubs are made of sheet metal having a thickness of 0.50 trm and for manufacturing tubs having an integer number of corrugations which is three, so that all the tubs are identical . We see in Figure 2 that the juxtaposed tanks overlap slightly, which ensures a good seal of the roofing.

The width of the covering can be varied slightly.

 Of course, the overlap is located on the upper part of the raised slots to avoid the risk of water entry.

 The mortar or concrete 8 cannot adhere to tanks 4 made of galvanized or lacquered steel or plastic and the reinforcing plies 7 are essential for ensuring the attachment of the concrete to the tanks.

 As these layers are fixed to the bolts 5 for fixing the tanks, there is a very good attachment between the layers and the tanks and the concrete ensures good attachment between the tiles and the reinforcement layers into which it penetrates. The fixing of the reinforcing plies does not require any fixing member or any drilling of the tanks other than those which are used for the fixing of the tanks.

 A seal and a washer are placed under the head of each bolt 5; On the other hand, the juxtaposed self-supporting tanks are fitted directly into each other and form a sealed surface without the need to interpose seals or putty between the tanks, which eliminates the risk of subsequent leaks. by alteration of joints or putty.

Claims (10)

R E V É N D I C A T I O N S  1. Construction method of a roof in round tiles of the type comprising horizontal purlins (3y 3b .. .3n) which support a waterproof sub-roof (4), carrying rows of round tiles (9a, 9b ... 9n) whose concavity is directed downwards, characterized by the following operations  - We manufacture self-supporting hooked containers (4) with corrugated slots;  - said tanks are placed on said purlins (3), parallel to the roof slope line;  - The corrugations in relief (4a) of the said tanks are fixed to the said purlins by bolts (5) and the lattice frames (7) which extend over the entire length of the tanks are fixed to the said bolts;  - a bead (8) of mortar or concrete is deposited around said reinforcements;  - And laying on said concrete beads juxtaposed rows of round tiles (9a, .... .9n) whose concave face is facing down.  2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the corrugations in the form of slots of said ribbed tanks, have a pitch between 210 mm and 220 mm and a depth of the order of 50 mm.  3. Method according to any one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that said self-supporting trays are manufactured by cold rolling tolasgalvanized or lacquered in the oven.  4. Method according to claims 2 and 3, characterized in that said sheets have a standard width of 1 meter and each tank had three juxtaposed waves.  5. Roof, in particular of a detached house of the type comprising round tiles (9) which are placed on an under-roof (4) carried by horizontal purlins (3) characterized in that said under-roof comprises, ribbed trays ( 4) self-supporting 2onduIés in the form of slots, which are placed on said purlins along the slope line of the roof and which are fixed to said flaps by bolts (5) which pass through the raised undulations (4a); sheets of metal reinforcement (7) which are fixed on said bolts which stay over the entire length of said tanks and which are each incorporated in a bead (8) of concrete which is placed above each raised corrugation and tiles round, whose concave face is turned downward, which are placed on said beads (8) of concrete or mortar.  5. Roof according to claim 4, characterized in that said metal reinforcements (7) consist of strips of expanded metal or perforated wire mesh, and comprise a central strip (7a) which is laid flat on the raised ribs (4a) and under the head of said fixing bolts (5) and one or more lateral bands (7b, 7c).  6. Roof according to claim 5, characterized in that said side strips (7b, 7c) are folded.  7. Self-supporting ribbed tank for the construction of a roof according to any one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that it included ribs in the form of trapezoidal slots whose sides diverge upwards with a draft angle. (a) between 0 and 15, the pitch of which is between 210 and 220 mm and the depth of the slots is of the order of 50 mm.  8. Bins according to claim 7, characterized in that they are obtained by cold rolling of a galvanized or hot lacquered sheet having a standard width of 1 meter and each bin has three juxtaposed full waves.  9. Containers according to claim 8, characterized in that the raised ribs (4a) have a crest width (el) equal to about 110 mm, the hollow grooves (4b) have a base width (e2) equal to approximately 85 mm, the sides of the ribs have a clearance angle (a) of approximately 100 and a length of approximately 55 mm and the pitch of the corrugations is equal to 215 mm.  10. Containers according to claim 8, characterized in that the raised ribs and the hollow grooves have the same width of approximately 100 mm for a ripple pitch of the order of 220 mm.  He. Building, characterized in that it comprises a roof in round tiles according to any one of claims 4 to 6.