FR2466718A1 - Solar collector used as roofing material for buildings - uses long M-shaped sections having thermal and noise insulating material underneath and solar absorption material in upper trough - Google Patents

Abstract

The roofing material is in the form of long strips which run down the roof line. Each strip is in the form of a capital M, with rounded corners, and is made from metal, plastic or asbestos cement. The underside of the strip is filled with a light cellular material giving good thermal and noise insulation and in the upper trough of the section the solar energy absorption medium is placed, which may be flowing water or solar cells. Over the absorption medium a clear plastic or glass cover is slid under lips formed in the M section. The joints between neighbouring collectors are covered by rounded tiles in 'Provincial' style or by an other decorative material such as wood or metal strips or other shaped tiles.

Description

 The invention relates to long elements constituting large tiles resistant to the overloads of wind, rain and snow. These elements contain solar energy absorbers. These absorbers are hollow and allow the circulation of water or can be ribbons of cells transforming the sun's rays into electricity. The energy collectors are covered with a glass by interlocking. The said tiles placed side by side reconstruct a roof or siding.

Known collectors of this kind are complex to manufacture and do not respect the eye.

 The solar tiles according to the invention make it possible to avoid these drawbacks; manufacturing is simple and mechanized to the maximum, installation is very simple and quick. In addition, these solar tiles, being real building materials, make it possible to replace others; the frame comes down to a few breakdowns, the consumption of conventional tiles is reduced by around 50%. To this we must add that these solar tiles create perfect sound, thermal and climatic insulation. In a "Provençal" setting for example, the regional style is respected while carrying a large area of solar collector. All of these benefits tend to promote solar energy.

The accompanying drawing plate 1 illustrates by way of example a shape of these tiles. (1) is a profile which can be made of metal sheet, plastic, asbestos-cement ect ..., and roughly recalls the shape of a capital M whose angles are rounded. The length is determined by the size of the ramp. In the inner part of this profile, a product (2) is injected having the qualities of thermal, sound insulation, non-combustible and durable. These products, which adhere to the internal walls of the profile, strengthen its solidity by preventing the side parts from becoming veiled. In the hollow of the wave, a solar energy absorber (8); hollow element, allowing the circulation of liquid, whose black painted surface is exposed to the sun, and presents any relief but whose profile follows the shape of the hollow of the wave, this hollow can be reflective. employed but also follow the shape of the hollow.

A gutter-shaped window (4) protects the solar absorber from bad weather and produces the greenhouse effect. A variation in shape (3) on the profile (1) gives the appearance of a rebate and allows the fitting of the window (4). The elasticity thereof allows sealing which is reinforced by a bead of sealant (13). To improve solar collection, it is possible in the hollow of the glass to create a "magnifying glass effect" (9).

Figure 2 illustrates an application by way of example. The complete elements formed of 1, 22 4, 8, of length equal to the ramp of the roof are placed side by side and fixed with hooks (7) or (12) on the purlins. Placed in this way the elements reconstitute it! corrugated form of a roof panel or cladding. The ends are blocked. To perfect the aesthetic, the wave in the shape of a "hump" formed by the junction of the elements is covered with round tiles (6) of the "Provençal" type.

These tiles are screwed or glued. The ridge masonry, banks and sewer tiles are the same as if one used corrugated sheets covered with semi-round tiles. The circulation of water is very classic and is not shown in the drawings. The elements are connected in parallel by a cold water supply pipe and by a hot water outlet pipe. Temperature controlled solenoid valves regulate the flow. In the case of a two-sided roof, the least exposed can serve as a preheater.

 For the execution of these large solar tiles, it is necessary to modify the shape of the profiles in order to adapt them to the models of tiles or other aspects chosen. For example, in some cases, we adopt a plane shape at the vertices of the waves produced by the junction without changing the inventiveness of the thing. Likewise, the hollow metallic elements absorbing solar energy can have different reliefs but have the rounded shape in order to match the shape of the hollow of the mower and to offer a larger surface in the sun.

 The invention described above has the advantage of adapting solar energy collectors discreetly in large areas in the construction1. By adapting so-called natural materials, you create decorative panels. The "Provenal" aspect is particularly preserved there.

Claims (9)

 1 - Solar collector composed of large insulated and load-bearing tiles, constituting the sections of roofs or cladding, characterized in that these tiles are formed from a supporting structure profiled in roughly M capital metallic form or not and whose interior volume is lined with thermal, phonic, non-combustible, unalterable and injected insulating materials. In the hollow of the wave is placed a solar energy sensor element whose blackened surface has any reliefs but whose shape matches the shape of the wave in order to produce a maximum surface in the sun. These hollow elements allow the circulation of water. 2 - Solar collector characterized in that the profiled battens, according to claim 1, are cut to the measure of the roof, plugged at their ends and covered with a gutter-shaped window fitting into the profile using of a variation in the shape of said profile. The elasticity of the glass in the case of plexiglass or the like maintains the seal with a bead of sealant. The windows allow solar radiation to pass through and retain the infrared rays inside the large tile, reflected by the hot element and blackened with a special paint. The waves can be reflective.  3 - Solar collector characterized in that according to claims 1 and 2 the glazing is double and in the form of gutter.  4 - Solar collector, characterized in that according to claims 1-2-3, the gutter-shaped window has a magnifying glass effect in the hollow. 5 - solar collector characterized according to claim 1 in that the heating elements are connected at their ends and in parallel by inlet pipes and OUTLET CLAIMS connecting the outlet and inlet pipe end pieces of the heating elements. These ends of the pipe pass through the hollow of the profile wave.  6 - solar collector characterized according to claims 1 and 5 in that the circulation of the liquid is regulated by solenoid valves controlling themselves by the temperature of the liquid. 7 - solar collector characterized according to claim 1 and 2 in that the energy sensor is a set of cells transforming the sun's rays into electric current. 8 - solar collector characterized in that according to claim 1 the joints of the elements are covered with round tiles type "Provençal".  9 - solar collector characterized in that according to claim 1 and 8 the joints of the elements are covered with all decorative materials, wood, slate, flat tiles, wooden board, thatch and other depending on the desired aspect for decoration.