WO2012172214A1 - System for collecting solar gain on a traditional sloping roof - Google Patents

System for collecting solar gain on a traditional sloping roof Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012172214A1
WO2012172214A1 PCT/FR2012/050851 FR2012050851W WO2012172214A1 WO 2012172214 A1 WO2012172214 A1 WO 2012172214A1 FR 2012050851 W FR2012050851 W FR 2012050851W WO 2012172214 A1 WO2012172214 A1 WO 2012172214A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
recovery system
collector
roof
battens
rafters
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/FR2012/050851
Other languages
French (fr)
Other versions
WO2012172214A4 (en
Inventor
Hervé Lemercier
Eric Weiland
Thomas DUFAU
Original Assignee
Terreal
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Terreal filed Critical Terreal
Priority to EP12722436.8A priority Critical patent/EP2699740A1/en
Publication of WO2012172214A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012172214A1/en
Publication of WO2012172214A4 publication Critical patent/WO2012172214A4/en

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D13/00—Special arrangements or devices in connection with roof coverings; Protection against birds; Roof drainage; Sky-lights
    • E04D13/17—Ventilation of roof coverings not otherwise provided for
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S10/00—Solar heat collectors using working fluids
    • F24S10/70—Solar heat collectors using working fluids the working fluids being conveyed through tubular absorbing conduits
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
    • Y02A30/60—Planning or developing urban green infrastructure
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/10—Photovoltaic [PV]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/20—Solar thermal
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • Y02E10/44—Heat exchange systems

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a solar energy recovery system, on a traditional sloping roof with rafters, a sub-roofing screen, counter-battens now the under-roofing screen on the rafters, battens perpendicular to the rafters and counter battens, and cover elements.
  • the roofing elements may be small or large in size, for example terracotta tiles, concrete tiles, slates, slate or metal shingles.
  • US 7,231,744 discloses a metal roof ventilation system of placing a second cover over the first, with spacers between the two to create an air passage. The air is pumped for domestic or industrial use. Such an arrangement requires doubling of the building's roof. It can only be envisaged for a building with a metal roof and in no case for a traditional roof covering.
  • WO 2011/116035 discloses a traditional roof sloping above which are mounted photovoltaic panels.
  • the space between the roof elements and the photovoltaic panels is covered by air that heats up under the panels, by heat exchange with the panels. Hot air is collected at the top of the roof and routed to a heat pump.
  • the space between the roof elements and a roofing screen is covered by air that is not used.
  • An object of the invention is to provide a solar gain recovery system on a traditional sloping roof, which respects the external appearance of the roof.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a solar energy recovery system on a traditional sloping roof, which can be installed by the roofer, without recourse to specialists of another technique.
  • the invention relates to a system for recovering solar gains, on a traditional sloping roof consisting of rafters, battens and roofing elements, comprising, between the rafters and the battens, a roof underlay and counter-rafters superimposed on the rafters, the under-roofing screen being arranged on the rafters and held by the counter-battens, characterized in that it comprises a collector of the air preheated by the cover elements, arranged perpendicularly to the slope line of the roof.
  • the air collector is disposed on the under-roof screen, and a height less than or equal to that of the counter-battens.
  • the air collector consists of modular elements, in the form of hollow tubes, connected to each other.
  • each modular element has on its faces, openings individually adjustable passage section.
  • the manifold carries at one end a connection piece to a suction duct.
  • the collector consists of several collector bodies, joined at one end by a common piece of connection to the sheath.
  • the connecting piece comprises a non-return valve.
  • the non-return valve is controlled to control the flow of hot air collected.
  • the collector consists of a base, a corrugated upper face and walls or side faces.
  • the corrugated upper face has corrugations intended to be housed in the curve of the roofing tiles.
  • At the top of the corrugations are arranged adjustable openings.
  • the side faces are provided with adjustable openings.
  • the base comprises an orifice to which the suction duct is connected.
  • the invention also relates to the use of the solar gain recovery system mentioned above for the supply of energy recovery equipment of a building.
  • the solar gain recovery system mentioned above is used for supplying the heat source of a heat pump.
  • FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of a traditional sloping roof organized for the implementation of the solar gain recovery system, according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 represents a first exemplary embodiment of an air collector
  • FIG. 3 shows a second embodiment of an air collector
  • FIG. 4 shows an exploded view, a third embodiment of an air collector.
  • the traditional sloping roof of a detached house is the one that benefits the most solar inputs, because of its large area and its favorable orientation to sunshine.
  • the temperature of the terracotta tiles can be higher than the temperature of the outside air, of more than 10 ° C in the winter, and of more than 30 ° C in the summer.
  • the clay roof is a valuable source of calories for the energy performance of the building.
  • FIG. 1 schematically shows a traditional sloping roof organized for the implementation of the solar gain recovery system, and whose structure is described from bottom to top.
  • a screen 2 of under-roofing On the rafters 1 is disposed a screen 2 of under-roofing, maintained on the rafters 1 by counter-battens 3 superimposed on the rafters 1, according to the slope line of the roof.
  • an insulator Between the rafters 1 and under the screen 2 of under-roofing is provided an insulator, not shown.
  • Perpendicular to the counter-battens 3 are fixed battens 4 which carry the cover elements 5, such as tiles and accessories.
  • an air gap 6 is developed whose thickness corresponds to the height of the counter-battens 3 and the battens 4.
  • This air gap 6 is preheated by the covering elements 5.
  • a manifold 7 of air carrying at one end a connecting piece 8 to a suction duct 9, which supplies the energy recovery equipment of the building.
  • the collector 7 is disposed perpendicularly to the slope line of the roof. In the example shown, it is of parallelepipedal shape, and of a height less than or equal to that of the counter-battens 3. It is preferably constituted by modular collector elements, in the form of hollow tubes, preferably parallelepipedic, connecting to each other to form a collector of the desired length ( Figure 2).
  • the collector elements are made of plastic, composite or metal, for example. On their downstream faces, upstream and upper, they have openings 11 to section of individually adjustable passage, together constituting a device for balancing and homogenizing the suction of the preheated air in the air gap 6.
  • the end face 12 of the end element 10 of the collector 7 is closed.
  • the connecting piece 8 to the sheath 9 is advantageously equipped with a nonreturn valve, controlled or not, for example a metal valve memory shape.
  • the non-return valve makes it possible to control the flow of hot air collected and sent into the sheath 9, and to avoid any disturbance of the natural ventilation on the roof when there is no suction.
  • the piloted flap participates in the realization of a recovered energy management system.
  • the collector 7 consists of two collector bodies 13, 14 joined at one end by a common connecting piece 8, equipped with a non-return valve, and connected to a 9 unique sheath.
  • the two collector bodies 13, 14 are parallel, but they can be aligned on either side of the connecting piece 8.
  • the modular structure of the collector 7 makes it possible to adjust its length according to the singular points of the roof, such as chimney, roof outlet, roof window, solar panel, for example.
  • the collector 7 can be installed at any point of the roof (ridge, sewer, plain square) both during the realization of the roof, or during its renovation.
  • the counter-battens 3 are interrupted over the width of the collector 7. Since the height of the collector 7 is less than or equal to that of the counter-battens, and the collector has sections air flow both on the downstream and upstream sides, the circulation of air preheated by the cover elements is always ensured in the absence of suction by the sheath 9.
  • suction by the sheath 9 the individual adjustment of the passage section of the openings 11, both on the downstream and upstream sides and on top of the manifold 7 ensures a balancing of the recovery of air preheated by the tiles. This results in a balanced and homogeneous recovery of the air located in the air space 6 under a traditional sloping roof.
  • the collector is adapted to large curved tiles, such as channel tiles or interlocking tiles called large molds south.
  • the collector 7 consists of a base 13, a corrugated upper face 14 and walls or side faces 15.
  • the corrugated upper face 14 has undulations 16 intended to be housed in the curve of the roof tiles.
  • adjustable openings 16 At the top of the corrugations 16 are arranged adjustable openings 17.
  • the manifold 7 Between the base 13 and the corrugated upper face 14, the manifold 7 has side faces 15 whose profile is adapted to the corrugations 16.
  • the side faces are provided with adjustable openings 18.
  • the base 13 has an orifice 19 to which the suction duct 9 is connected.
  • the two ends of the collector 7 are closed by crosspieces 20.
  • the collector 7 of Figure 4 is provided to ensure the suction of hot air closer to the tiles of the cover.
  • the collector 7 is placed on the counter-battens 3 with its large dimension perpendicular to the counter-battens 3.
  • the upper openings 17 and the side openings 18 are adjustable, so as to control the flow of air passing through these openings.
  • the air gap 6 which circulates between the under-roof screen 2 and the cover elements is preheated by the solar gains on the cover elements.
  • the equipment for upgrading the aforementioned solar inputs for example during times of high demand for electricity.
  • the solar energy recovery system reduces the annual energy consumption of the building (up to 5 kWh / m2.year).
  • the recovery system is able to be integrated in a simple and low cost way in a new construction or renovation. Finally, it has the advantage of preserving the aesthetics of the traditional sloping roof.
  • collectors upstream and downstream of photovoltaic panels These panels, whose purpose is to transform solar energy into electricity, heat up significantly and are therefore an interesting source of calories to collect.

Abstract

The invention relates to a system for collecting solar gain on a traditional sloping roof. It comprises, between the rafters (1) and the battens (4), not only an under-roof screen (2) and counter-battens (3) superposed on the rafters (1), but also a collector (7) for air preheated by the covering elements (5).

Description

SYSTEME DE RECUPERATION DES APPORTS SOLAIRES SUR UNE TOITURE TRADITIONNELLE EN PENTE  SYSTEM FOR RECOVERING SOLAR INPUTS ON A TRADITIONAL ROOFING ROOF
L'invention concerne un système de récupération des apports solaires, sur une toiture traditionnelle en pente comportant des chevrons, un écran de sous-toiture, des contre-liteaux maintenant l'écran de sous- toiture sur les chevrons, des liteaux perpendiculaires aux chevrons et contre-liteaux, et des éléments de couverture. Les éléments de couverture peuvent être de petite taille ou de grande taille, et constitués par exemple de tuiles en terre cuite, tuiles en béton, ardoises, lauze ou bardeaux métalliques. The invention relates to a solar energy recovery system, on a traditional sloping roof with rafters, a sub-roofing screen, counter-battens now the under-roofing screen on the rafters, battens perpendicular to the rafters and counter battens, and cover elements. The roofing elements may be small or large in size, for example terracotta tiles, concrete tiles, slates, slate or metal shingles.
Le document US 7 231 744 décrit un système de ventilation de toit métallique consistant à placer une deuxième couverture au dessus de la première, avec des entretoises entre les deux pour créer un passage d'air. L'air est pompé pour une utilisation domestique ou industrielle. Une telle disposition exige un doublage de la couverture du bâtiment. Elle n'est envisageable que pour un bâtiment à couverture métallique et en aucun cas pour une couverture de toit traditionnelle. US 7,231,744 discloses a metal roof ventilation system of placing a second cover over the first, with spacers between the two to create an air passage. The air is pumped for domestic or industrial use. Such an arrangement requires doubling of the building's roof. It can only be envisaged for a building with a metal roof and in no case for a traditional roof covering.
Le document US 2011/0209849 décrit un toit dont les éléments de couverture sont remplacés par des panneaux photovoltaïques. Entre les panneaux photovoltaïques et un écran de sous-toiture, l'espace est parcouru par un courant d'air forcé, qui est repris au sommet du toit, envoyé à un mélangeur d'air et ensuite à une pompe à chaleur. Document US 2011/0209849 describes a roof whose roof elements are replaced by photovoltaic panels. Between the photovoltaic panels and an under-roof screen, the space is traversed by a forced air current, which is taken up at the top of the roof, sent to an air mixer and then to a heat pump.
Le document WO 2011/116035 décrit une toiture traditionnelle en pente au dessus de laquelle sont montés des panneaux photovoltaïques. L'espace entre les éléments de couverture et les panneaux photovoltaïques est parcouru par de l'air qui s'échauffe sous les panneaux, par échange thermique avec les panneaux. L'air chaud est collecté au sommet du toit et acheminé vers une pompe à chaleur. Dans cette toiture, l'espace entre les éléments de couverture et un écran de sous-toiture est parcouru par de l'air qui n'est pas utilisé. Un but de l'invention est de proposer un système de récupération des apports solaires sur une toiture traditionnelle en pente, qui respecte l'aspect extérieur de la toiture. WO 2011/116035 discloses a traditional roof sloping above which are mounted photovoltaic panels. The space between the roof elements and the photovoltaic panels is covered by air that heats up under the panels, by heat exchange with the panels. Hot air is collected at the top of the roof and routed to a heat pump. In this roof, the space between the roof elements and a roofing screen is covered by air that is not used. An object of the invention is to provide a solar gain recovery system on a traditional sloping roof, which respects the external appearance of the roof.
Un autre but de l'invention est de proposer un système de récupération des apports solaires sur une toiture traditionnelle en pente, qui puisse être installé par le couvreur, sans recours à des spécialistes d'une autre technique.  Another object of the invention is to provide a solar energy recovery system on a traditional sloping roof, which can be installed by the roofer, without recourse to specialists of another technique.
L'invention a pour objet un système de récupération des apports solaires, sur une toiture traditionnelle en pente constituée de chevrons, de liteaux et d'éléments de couverture, comportant, entre les chevrons et les liteaux, un écran de sous-toiture et des contre-liteaux superposés aux chevrons, l'écran de sous-toiture étant disposé sur les chevrons et maintenu par les contre-liteaux, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte un collecteur de l'air préchauffé par les éléments de couverture, disposé perpendiculairement à la ligne de pente de la toiture.  The invention relates to a system for recovering solar gains, on a traditional sloping roof consisting of rafters, battens and roofing elements, comprising, between the rafters and the battens, a roof underlay and counter-rafters superimposed on the rafters, the under-roofing screen being arranged on the rafters and held by the counter-battens, characterized in that it comprises a collector of the air preheated by the cover elements, arranged perpendicularly to the slope line of the roof.
Avantageusement, le collecteur d'air est disposé sur l'écran de sous- toiture, et d'une hauteur inférieure ou égale à celle des contre-liteaux. Advantageously, the air collector is disposed on the under-roof screen, and a height less than or equal to that of the counter-battens.
Avantageusement, le collecteur d'air est constitué d'éléments modulaires, en forme de tubes creux, se raccordant les uns aux autres. Advantageously, the air collector consists of modular elements, in the form of hollow tubes, connected to each other.
De manière avantageuse, chaque élément modulaire présente sur ses faces, des ouvertures à section de passage réglable individuellement.Advantageously, each modular element has on its faces, openings individually adjustable passage section.
De préférence, le collecteur porte à une extrémité une pièce de raccordement à une gaine d'aspiration. Preferably, the manifold carries at one end a connection piece to a suction duct.
De manière avantageuse, le collecteur est constitué de plusieurs corps de collecteur, réunis à une extrémité par une pièce commune de raccordement à la gaine.  Advantageously, the collector consists of several collector bodies, joined at one end by a common piece of connection to the sheath.
De manière avantageuse, la pièce de raccordement comporte un clapet anti-retour.  Advantageously, the connecting piece comprises a non-return valve.
De préférence, le clapet anti-retour est piloté pour maîtriser le débit d'air chaud collecté. De manière avantageuse, le collecteur est constitué d'une base, d'une face supérieure ondulée et de parois ou faces latérales. Preferably, the non-return valve is controlled to control the flow of hot air collected. Advantageously, the collector consists of a base, a corrugated upper face and walls or side faces.
De préférence, la face supérieure ondulée présente des ondulations destinées à se loger dans le galbe des tuiles de couverture.  Preferably, the corrugated upper face has corrugations intended to be housed in the curve of the roofing tiles.
Avantageusement, au sommet des ondulations sont disposées des ouvertures réglables. Advantageously, at the top of the corrugations are arranged adjustable openings.
De manière avantageuse, les faces latérales sont munies d'ouvertures réglables.  Advantageously, the side faces are provided with adjustable openings.
De préférence, la base comporte un orifice auquel se raccorde la gaine d'aspiration.  Preferably, the base comprises an orifice to which the suction duct is connected.
L'invention a aussi pour objet l'utilisation du système de récupération des apports solaires mentionné ci-dessus pour l'alimentation de l'équipement de valorisation énergétique d'un bâtiment.  The invention also relates to the use of the solar gain recovery system mentioned above for the supply of energy recovery equipment of a building.
De préférence, le système de récupération des apports solaires mentionné ci-dessus est utilisé pour l'alimentation de la source froide d'une pompe à chaleur.  Preferably, the solar gain recovery system mentioned above is used for supplying the heat source of a heat pump.
D'autres buts, caractéristiques, détails et avantages de la présente invention ressortent de la description qui suit faite, avec référence au dessin annexé, d'un exemple de réalisation donné à titre illustratif et non limitatif. Sur les dessins :  Other objects, features, details and advantages of the present invention will emerge from the description which follows, with reference to the accompanying drawing, of an exemplary embodiment given by way of illustration and not limitation. On the drawings:
- la figure 1 représente une vue en perspective d'une toiture traditionnelle en pente organisée pour la mise en œuvre du système de récupération des apports solaires, selon l'invention ;  - Figure 1 shows a perspective view of a traditional sloping roof organized for the implementation of the solar gain recovery system, according to the invention;
- la figure 2 représente un premier exemple de réalisation d'un collecteur d'air ;  FIG. 2 represents a first exemplary embodiment of an air collector;
- la figure 3 représente un deuxième exemple de réalisation d'un collecteur d'air ;  - Figure 3 shows a second embodiment of an air collector;
- la figure 4 représente, en vue éclatée, un troisième exemple de réalisation d'un collecteur d'air. A titre d'exemple, la toiture traditionnelle en pente d'une maison individuelle est celle qui bénéficie le plus des apports solaires, en raison de sa grande surface et de son orientation favorable à l'ensoleillement.- Figure 4 shows an exploded view, a third embodiment of an air collector. For example, the traditional sloping roof of a detached house is the one that benefits the most solar inputs, because of its large area and its favorable orientation to sunshine.
En condition favorable d'ensoleillement, la température des tuiles en terre cuite peut être supérieure à la température de l'air extérieur, de plus de 10 °C l'hiver, et de plus de 30°C l'été. In favorable conditions of sunshine, the temperature of the terracotta tiles can be higher than the temperature of the outside air, of more than 10 ° C in the winter, and of more than 30 ° C in the summer.
La couverture en terre cuite est une source de calories exploitable pour la performance énergétique du bâtiment.  The clay roof is a valuable source of calories for the energy performance of the building.
La figure 1 représente schématiquement une toiture traditionnelle en pente organisée pour la mise en œuvre du système de récupération des apports solaires, et dont la structure est décrite du bas vers le haut. Sur les chevrons 1 est disposé un écran 2 de sous-toiture, maintenu sur les chevrons 1 par des contre-liteaux 3 superposés aux chevrons 1, selon la ligne de pente de la toiture. Entre les chevrons 1 et sous l'écran 2 de sous-toiture est prévu un isolant, non représenté. Perpendiculairement aux contre-liteaux 3 sont fixés des liteaux 4 qui portent les éléments de couverture 5, tels que des tuiles et accessoires. Ainsi, entre l'écran 2 de sous-toiture et les éléments de couverture 5 se développe une lame d'air 6 dont l'épaisseur correspond à la hauteur des contre-liteaux 3 et des liteaux 4.  Figure 1 schematically shows a traditional sloping roof organized for the implementation of the solar gain recovery system, and whose structure is described from bottom to top. On the rafters 1 is disposed a screen 2 of under-roofing, maintained on the rafters 1 by counter-battens 3 superimposed on the rafters 1, according to the slope line of the roof. Between the rafters 1 and under the screen 2 of under-roofing is provided an insulator, not shown. Perpendicular to the counter-battens 3 are fixed battens 4 which carry the cover elements 5, such as tiles and accessories. Thus, between the under-roofing screen 2 and the covering elements 5, an air gap 6 is developed whose thickness corresponds to the height of the counter-battens 3 and the battens 4.
Cette lame d'air 6 est préchauffée par les éléments de couverture 5.  This air gap 6 is preheated by the covering elements 5.
Sur l'écran 2 de sous-toiture est disposé un collecteur 7 d'air, portant à une extrémité une pièce 8 de raccordement à une gaine 9 d'aspiration, qui alimente l'équipement de valorisation énergétique du bâtiment. Le collecteur 7 est disposé perpendiculairement à la ligne de pente de la toiture. Dans l'exemple représenté, il est de forme parallélépipédique, et d'une hauteur inférieure ou égale à celle des contre-liteaux 3. Il est de préférence constitué d'éléments modulaires 10 de collecteur, se présentant sous forme de tubes creux, de préférence parallélépipédiques, se raccordant les uns aux autres pour constituer un collecteur de la longueur voulue (figure 2). Les éléments 10 de collecteur sont en matière plastique, composite ou métallique, par exemple. Sur leurs faces aval, amont et supérieure, ils présentent des ouvertures 11 à section de passage réglable individuellement, constituant ensemble un dispositif d'équilibrage et d'homogénéisation de l'aspiration de l'air préchauffé dans la lame d'air 6. On the screen 2 of the under-roof is disposed a manifold 7 of air, carrying at one end a connecting piece 8 to a suction duct 9, which supplies the energy recovery equipment of the building. The collector 7 is disposed perpendicularly to the slope line of the roof. In the example shown, it is of parallelepipedal shape, and of a height less than or equal to that of the counter-battens 3. It is preferably constituted by modular collector elements, in the form of hollow tubes, preferably parallelepipedic, connecting to each other to form a collector of the desired length (Figure 2). The collector elements are made of plastic, composite or metal, for example. On their downstream faces, upstream and upper, they have openings 11 to section of individually adjustable passage, together constituting a device for balancing and homogenizing the suction of the preheated air in the air gap 6.
La face terminale 12 de l'élément 10 d'extrémité du collecteur 7 est fermée. La pièce de raccordement 8 à la gaine 9 est avantageusement équipée d'un clapet anti-retour, piloté ou non, par exemple un clapet en métal à mémoire de forme.  The end face 12 of the end element 10 of the collector 7 is closed. The connecting piece 8 to the sheath 9 is advantageously equipped with a nonreturn valve, controlled or not, for example a metal valve memory shape.
Le clapet anti-retour permet de maîtriser le débit d'air chaud collecté et envoyé dans la gaine 9, et d'éviter toute perturbation de la ventilation naturelle sur le toit lorsqu'il n'y a pas d'aspiration. Le clapet piloté participe à la réalisation d'un système de gestion de l'énergie récupérée. The non-return valve makes it possible to control the flow of hot air collected and sent into the sheath 9, and to avoid any disturbance of the natural ventilation on the roof when there is no suction. The piloted flap participates in the realization of a recovered energy management system.
Selon un mode de réalisation particulier (figure 3), le collecteur 7 est constitué de deux corps 13, 14 de collecteur, réunis à une extrémité par une pièce de raccordement 8 commune, équipée d'un clapet anti-retour, et raccordée à une gaine 9 unique. Dans l'exemple de la figure 3, les deux corps 13, 14 de collecteur sont parallèles, mais ils peuvent être alignés, de part et d'autre de la pièce de raccordement 8. According to a particular embodiment (FIG. 3), the collector 7 consists of two collector bodies 13, 14 joined at one end by a common connecting piece 8, equipped with a non-return valve, and connected to a 9 unique sheath. In the example of FIG. 3, the two collector bodies 13, 14 are parallel, but they can be aligned on either side of the connecting piece 8.
La structure modulaire du collecteur 7 permet d'ajuster sa longueur en fonction des points singuliers de la toiture, tels que cheminée, sortie de toit, fenêtre de toit, panneau solaire, par exemple.  The modular structure of the collector 7 makes it possible to adjust its length according to the singular points of the roof, such as chimney, roof outlet, roof window, solar panel, for example.
Le collecteur 7 peut être installé à tout endroit de la toiture (faîtage, égout, plain carré) à la fois lors de la réalisation de la toiture, ou lors de sa rénovation. Lorsqu'il est installé sur plusieurs chevrons (figure 1) les contre-liteaux 3 sont interrompus sur la largeur du collecteur 7. Comme la hauteur du collecteur 7 est inférieure ou égale à celle des contre- liteaux, et que le collecteur présente des sections de passage d'air aussi bien sur les côtés aval et amont, la circulation de l'air préchauffé par les éléments de couverture est toujours assurée en l'absence d'aspiration par la gaine 9. En cas d'aspiration par la gaine 9, le réglage individuel de la section de passage des ouvertures 11, aussi bien sur les côtés aval et amont que sur le dessus du collecteur 7 assure un équilibrage de la récupération de l'air préchauffé par les tuiles. Il en résulte une récupération équilibrée et homogène de l'air situé dans la lame d'air 6 sous une toiture traditionnelle en pente. The collector 7 can be installed at any point of the roof (ridge, sewer, plain square) both during the realization of the roof, or during its renovation. When installed on several rafters (FIG. 1), the counter-battens 3 are interrupted over the width of the collector 7. Since the height of the collector 7 is less than or equal to that of the counter-battens, and the collector has sections air flow both on the downstream and upstream sides, the circulation of air preheated by the cover elements is always ensured in the absence of suction by the sheath 9. In case of suction by the sheath 9 , the individual adjustment of the passage section of the openings 11, both on the downstream and upstream sides and on top of the manifold 7 ensures a balancing of the recovery of air preheated by the tiles. This results in a balanced and homogeneous recovery of the air located in the air space 6 under a traditional sloping roof.
L'association en parallèle de plusieurs corps de collecteur permet d'optimiser la récupération des apports solaires.  The parallel association of several collector bodies makes it possible to optimize the recovery of solar inputs.
Selon le mode de réalisation de la figure 4, le collecteur est adapté aux tuiles de grand galbe, telles que les tuiles canal ou les tuiles à emboîtement appelées grands moules du sud . Le collecteur 7 est constitué d'une base 13, d'une face supérieure ondulée 14 et de parois ou faces latérales 15. La face supérieure ondulée 14 présente des ondulations 16 destinées à se loger dans le galbe des tuiles de couverture. Au sommet des ondulations 16 sont disposées des ouvertures 17 réglables. Entre la base 13 et la face supérieure ondulée 14, le collecteur 7 comporte des faces latérales 15 dont le profil est adapté aux ondulations 16. Les faces latérales sont munies d'ouvertures 18 réglables. La base 13 comporte un orifice 19 auquel se raccorde la gaine d'aspiration 9. Les deux extrémités du collecteur 7 sont fermées par des traverses 20. According to the embodiment of Figure 4, the collector is adapted to large curved tiles, such as channel tiles or interlocking tiles called large molds south. The collector 7 consists of a base 13, a corrugated upper face 14 and walls or side faces 15. The corrugated upper face 14 has undulations 16 intended to be housed in the curve of the roof tiles. At the top of the corrugations 16 are arranged adjustable openings 17. Between the base 13 and the corrugated upper face 14, the manifold 7 has side faces 15 whose profile is adapted to the corrugations 16. The side faces are provided with adjustable openings 18. The base 13 has an orifice 19 to which the suction duct 9 is connected. The two ends of the collector 7 are closed by crosspieces 20.
Le collecteur 7 de la figure 4 est prévu pour assurer l'aspiration de l'air chaud au plus près des tuiles de la couverture. A cet effet, le collecteur 7 est posé sur les contre-liteaux 3 avec sa grande dimension perpendiculaire aux contre-liteaux 3. Pour optimiser la température de l'air chaud aspiré dans la gaine d'aspiration 9, les ouvertures supérieures 17 et les ouvertures latérales 18 sont réglables, de façon à contrôler le débit d'air passant dans ces ouvertures.  The collector 7 of Figure 4 is provided to ensure the suction of hot air closer to the tiles of the cover. For this purpose, the collector 7 is placed on the counter-battens 3 with its large dimension perpendicular to the counter-battens 3. To optimize the temperature of the hot air sucked into the suction duct 9, the upper openings 17 and the side openings 18 are adjustable, so as to control the flow of air passing through these openings.
La lame d'air 6 qui circule entre l'écran 2 de sous-toiture et les éléments 5 de couverture est préchauffée par les apports solaires sur les éléments 5 de couverture. L'air prélevé par le collecteur 7 du système de récupération et transmis par la gaine 9, alimente tout au long de l'année, d'une part la source froide d'une pompe à chaleur utilisée pour le chauffage de l'eau chaude sanitaire (ballon thermodynamique) ou pour le chauffage du bâtiment (pompe à chaleur air/air, ventilation mécanique contrôlée à double flux, par exemple), d'autre part un système de stockage thermique permettant de restituer ultérieurement des calories aux équipements de valorisation des apports solaires précités, par exemple aux heures de forte demande en électricité. The air gap 6 which circulates between the under-roof screen 2 and the cover elements is preheated by the solar gains on the cover elements. The air taken by the collector 7 of the recovery system and transmitted through the sheath 9, feeds throughout the year, on the one hand the cold source of a heat pump used for heating the hot water sanitary system (thermodynamic balloon) or for heating the building (air-to-air heat pump, double-flow controlled mechanical ventilation, for example), and a thermal storage system for later calorie recovery. the equipment for upgrading the aforementioned solar inputs, for example during times of high demand for electricity.
Le système de récupération des apports solaires permet de réduire les consommations énergétiques annuelles du bâtiment (jusqu'à 5 kWh/m2.an). Le système de récupération est apte à être intégré de manière simple et à faible coût dans une construction neuve ou en rénovation. Enfin, il présente l'avantage de préserver l'esthétisme de la toiture traditionnelle en pente.  The solar energy recovery system reduces the annual energy consumption of the building (up to 5 kWh / m2.year). The recovery system is able to be integrated in a simple and low cost way in a new construction or renovation. Finally, it has the advantage of preserving the aesthetics of the traditional sloping roof.
Il peut être envisagé d'installer des collecteurs en aval et en amont de panneaux photovoltaïques. Ces panneaux dont le but est de transformer l'énergie solaire en électricité s'échauffent de manière importante et constituent donc une source de calories intéressante à collecter.  It may be envisaged to install collectors upstream and downstream of photovoltaic panels. These panels, whose purpose is to transform solar energy into electricity, heat up significantly and are therefore an interesting source of calories to collect.

Claims

Revendications claims
1/ Système de récupération des apports solaires, sur une toiture traditionnelle en pente constituée de chevrons (1), de liteaux (4) et d'éléments de couverture (5), comportant, entre les chevrons (1) et les liteaux, un écran (2) de sous-toiture et des contre-liteaux (3) superposés aux chevrons (1), l'écran (2) de sous-toiture étant disposé sur les chevrons (1) et maintenu par les contre-liteaux (3), caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte un collecteur (7) de l'air préchauffé par les éléments (5) de couverture, disposé perpendiculairement à la ligne de pente de la toiture. 1 / System for recovering solar gains, on a traditional sloping roof consisting of rafters (1), battens (4) and covering elements (5), comprising, between the rafters (1) and the battens, a screen (2) of under-roof and counter-battens (3) superimposed on the rafters (1), the screen (2) of under-roof being disposed on the rafters (1) and maintained by the counter-battens (3) ), characterized in that it comprises a collector (7) of the air preheated by the elements (5) cover, arranged perpendicularly to the slope line of the roof.
2/ Système de récupération selon la revendication 1 caractérisé en ce que le collecteur (7) d'air est disposé sur l'écran (2) de sous-toiture, et d'une hauteur inférieure ou égale à celle des contre-liteaux (3).  2 / recovery system according to claim 1 characterized in that the collector (7) of air is disposed on the screen (2) of under-roofing, and a height less than or equal to that of the counter-battens ( 3).
3/ Système de récupération selon la revendication 2 caractérisé en ce que le collecteur (7) d'air est constitué d'éléments modulaires (10), en forme de tubes creux, se raccordant les uns aux autres. 3 / recovery system according to claim 2 characterized in that the collector (7) of air consists of modular elements (10) in the form of hollow tubes, connected to each other.
4/ Système de récupération selon la revendication 3 caractérisé en ce que chaque élément modulaire (10) présente sur ses faces, des ouvertures (11) à section de passage réglable individuellement.  4 / recovery system according to claim 3 characterized in that each modular element (10) has on its faces, openings (11) individually adjustable passage section.
5/ Système de récupération selon la revendication 1 caractérisé en ce que le collecteur (7) porte à une extrémité une pièce (8) de raccordement à une gaine (9) d'aspiration.  5 / recovery system according to claim 1 characterized in that the collector (7) carries at one end a piece (8) for connection to a suction duct (9).
6/ Système de récupération selon la revendication 5 caractérisé en ce que le collecteur (7) est constitué de plusieurs corps (13, 14) de collecteur, réunis à une extrémité par une pièce commune (8) de raccordement à la gaine (9).  6 / recovery system according to claim 5 characterized in that the collector (7) consists of several bodies (13, 14) collector, joined at one end by a common part (8) for connection to the sheath (9) .
7/ Système de récupération selon la revendication 5 ou 6 caractérisé en ce que la pièce (8) de raccordement comporte un clapet anti-retour. 8/ Système de récupération selon la revendication 7 caractérisé en ce que le clapet anti-retour est piloté pour maîtriser le débit d'air chaud collecté. 7 / recovery system according to claim 5 or 6 characterized in that the piece (8) connection comprises a non-return valve. 8 / recovery system according to claim 7 characterized in that the non-return valve is controlled to control the flow of hot air collected.
9/ Système de récupération selon la revendication 1 caractérisé en ce que le collecteur (7) est constitué d'une base (13), d'une face supérieure ondulée (14) et de faces latérales (15).  9 / recovery system according to claim 1 characterized in that the collector (7) consists of a base (13), a corrugated upper face (14) and side faces (15).
10/ Système de récupération selon la revendication 9 caractérisé en ce que la face supérieure ondulée (14) présente des ondulations (16) destinées à se loger dans le galbe des tuiles de couverture.  10 / recovery system according to claim 9 characterized in that the corrugated upper face (14) has corrugations (16) intended to be housed in the curve of the roof tiles.
11/ Système de récupération selon la revendication 10 caractérisé en ce que, au sommet des ondulations (16) sont disposées des ouvertures (17) réglables. 11 / recovery system according to claim 10 characterized in that, at the top of the corrugations (16) are arranged openings (17) adjustable.
12/ Système de récupération selon la revendication 9 caractérisé en ce que, les faces latérales (15) sont munies d'ouvertures (18) réglables. 13/ Système de récupération selon la revendication 9 caractérisé en ce que la base (13) comporte un orifice (19) auquel se raccorde la gaine d'aspiration (9).  12 / recovery system according to claim 9 characterized in that the side faces (15) are provided with openings (18) adjustable. 13 / recovery system according to claim 9 characterized in that the base (13) has an orifice (19) which is connected to the suction duct (9).
14/ Utilisation du système de récupération des apports solaires selon l'une des revendications 1 à 13 pour l'alimentation de l'équipement de valorisation énergétique d'un bâtiment.  14 / Use of the solar gain recovery system according to one of claims 1 to 13 for the supply of energy recovery equipment of a building.
15/ Utilisation du système de récupération des apports solaires selon la revendication 14 pour l'alimentation de la source froide d'une pompe à chaleur.  15 / Use of the solar gain recovery system according to claim 14 for supplying the heat source of a heat pump.
PCT/FR2012/050851 2011-04-20 2012-04-18 System for collecting solar gain on a traditional sloping roof WO2012172214A1 (en)

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EP12722436.8A EP2699740A1 (en) 2011-04-20 2012-04-18 System for collecting solar gain on a traditional sloping roof

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FR1153414A FR2974375B1 (en) 2011-04-20 2011-04-20 SYSTEM FOR RECOVERING SOLAR INPUTS ON A TRADITIONAL ROOFING ROOF
FR1153414 2011-04-20

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FR2974375A1 (en) 2012-10-26
EP2699740A1 (en) 2014-02-26

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