LU85297A1 - NEW CONTINUOUS VENTILATION FAITAGE SYSTEM - Google Patents

Description

D. 52 24ο β AND Ô Λ -ν

-UA W fil / 5EAND-DUCHÉ DE LUXEMBOURG

Patent N ° ......................................... 'of April 11, 1984 ( ¾¾¾¾ Minister gvpEçâ of the Economy and the Middle Classes

Title issued. ....................................... Intellectual Property Service

LUXEMBOURG

Patent Application I. Application ...... The .. society .dilei SOCIETE DES MINES ET. FONDERIES .DE ... Z INC .DE (1) LA VIEILLE MONTAGNE, 19rue Richerf75442 PARIS CEDEX 09, ....... France., ...... rç.prëeenté..e .... by .. Sir. Jacques ..de .... Muyser., ... acting (2) ........ as agent .................... .................................................. .................................................. .................................................

deposit (s) this ... aaze .... avxil .19.oo .... ninety ..- q.uaire ................. ............................. (3) to ............ 1.5 .... ........ hours, at the Ministry of the Economy and the Middle Classes, in Luxembourg: 1. this request for obtaining a patent for invention concerning: ........ .MNQUV.e.au .... S.yst ^ nie .... de ..... ridge with continuous ventilation "..._______________________________ (4) 2. the delegation of power, dated .. .................................................. ................... _______________________________________________________________ 3. description in French ........ language .............. .............. of the invention in two copies; 4 ...............? ........... .... drawing plates, in two copies; 5. the receipt of the fees paid to the Registration Office in Luxembourg, ............. ll ... avri.l. .... 19.84 ............................................. .; ................................................ ....................... .................................................. ...........................

declares (s) assuming responsibility for this declaration, that the inventor (s) is (are): ....................... ........ ZZZZ ......................................... .................................................. .................................................. .................................................. ....................... (5) claim) for the above patent application the priority of one (s) application (s) of (6) ...........patent...................................... ................... filed in (7) ......... France ............. .................................................. .............................

on ............. 14 ..... April ..... 198.3 ...... (No ........ 83.o6141) ... .................................................. .................................................. ........................... (8) on behalf of ................. .................................................. .................................................. .................................................. ................ (9) élitfélisenffi'pour flui (elle) and, if appointed, for its mandatary, in Luxembourg ............. ....................

* 35 boulevard Royal ...... _ ....... (10) requests (s) the issue of a patent for the invention for the subject described and represented in the A appendices mentioned above, - with adjournment of this delivery to .................. LL________________________________months. (11) ^ j \ ......

II. Deposit Minutes

The above application for a patent for invention has been filed with the Ministry of the Economy and the Middle Classes, Intellectual Property Service in Luxembourg, dated: April 11, 1984

Ff · the Minister at 3 p.m. (£ \ \ \ of the Economy and the Middle Classes, / o: fëy! S. I p. D.

Eci / L U1 '; , /,? / A 68007 _.......... v <? ._ D. 52 ·! 4ο

CLAIM OF PRIORITY

from! to patent application / utility model In FRANCE

APRIL 14, 1983 Brief Description filed in support of a request for

PATENT

at

Luxembourg

on behalf of: OLD MOUNTAIN ZINC MINES AND FOUNDRY COMPANY

for: "New continuous ventilation ridge system".

* »- 1 - - New ridge system with continuous ventilation.

The present invention relates to a new continuous ventilation ridge system intended more particularly, but not exclusively, for covers made of flat elements such as slates or shingles.

‘In general, modern architecture is increasingly giving preference to roofs that are slightly inclined and are said to be" waterproof "by the roofing materials used. The "watertight" roof, which has little or no vapor permeability, however, raises some problems. Regardless of the roofing material, the "waterproof" roof promotes the formation of condensation on the inside of the roofing or infrastructure, which can cause considerable damage.

Air almost always contains water in the form of vapor suspended in the air, which exerts a certain pressure, depending on the quantity of vapor per unit of volume and temperature.

20 At a given temperature, the vapor pressure cannot exceed a certain limit, the saturation pressure. In this case, the air is saturated with water, the relative humidity is therefore 100. As the saturation pressure increases with increasing temperature, the hot air may contain more water than the cold air. If hot, saturated air is cooled, part of the water vapor must therefore be removed, which leads to the formation of condensation. Like all gases, water vapor seeks equilibrium conditions. If * 30 there is a difference between a warm and humid room and the cold air stagnating under the roof infrastructure, there is diffusion of vapor through the roof, so as to balance the pressures. The vapor diffusion takes place all the faster the higher the pressure difference and the more permeable the material. This also applies when the relative humidity is higher in the roof than in the underlying rooms.

* - 2 -

Steam diffusion is a function of pressure, not relative humidity, as some tend to believe.

In conclusion, if the temperature is lowered beyond the dew point, there is condensation.

* The water of condensation is therefore formed when a roof is not built according to the rules of the art and when the hot and humid air of the interior can move in the cold areas of the roof. The higher the humidity of the indoor air and the greater the temperature difference between the indoor air and the outdoor air, the greater the risk of condensation forming.

As has been pointed out, the damage due to the water of condensation is significant, we will cite as an example: - the metal covers are attacked by stagnant condensation water, - degradation of the thermal insulation materials and reduction of the thermal resistance, 20 - destruction of roofing support wood or particle board, by rotting, mold or swelling.

Indeed, it is the conservation of the entire infrastructure that is compromised.

25 Difficulties can only be mastered by building according to the rules of the art t - either by evacuating the water vapor (ventilation) which enters the roof before there is condensation (cold roof or roof ventilated), 30 - either by insulating the roof from the underlying premises (vapor barrier), so that no steam can enter it (hot roof).

It is for cold roofs or ventilated roofs, technically more perfect than hot roofs, that the continuous ventilation ridge system, the subject of the present patent application, is intended.

„It is important to note, however, that the ventilated roof A * - 3 -. is not a new creation, the basic type is the traditional roof with sloping roofing (stubble,: shingles, tiles, slates. ·.) on unoccupied roof spaces serving as attics or warehouses of old furniture and 5 various objects, deemed healthy and dry. Sometimes ventilation is done by spaces left open between the rafters or else, even without air inlets and outlets, the irregularities and slits between the roofing materials allow regulation of temperature and humidity conditions.

In all these cases, the role of ventilation is to eliminate water vapor diffused through the ceiling.

This ventilated roof is the seat of active natural ventilation with outside air which operates all year round between two membranes (roofing - insulation or ceiling).

. In summer, the partial temperatures and pressures of water vapor equilibrate roughly between the interior. and the ventilated air layer. There is therefore no risk of condensation except in a few rather rare special cases with light metal covers during a sudden change in temperature and relative humidity of the outside air (thunderstorms). Ventilation however plays a very important role in eliminating a large part of solar radiation. Ventilation becomes an active addition to the insulation, which is essential for the comfort of the premises.

With regard to the air inlets and outlets of the ventilated blade, despite the inconsistencies which can be found in the specialist literature, it can be said, in general, that the section of the air outlets must be greater than the sum of the sections of the inlets, so that the air inlets and air outlets must allow the amount of air calculated for ventilation to pass freely.

3

Knowing the air circulation required in m, per hour to eliminate the water vapor diffused by the i - 4 - * ft. <total surface of the ceiling or by a section of 1 m 00 in width, it is then easy to determine the admissible air inlet and outlet sections.

With regard to the arrangement of the ventilation openings, the conventional arrangement consists of a row of openings in the sewer of the roof, another in the ridge. These orifices can for example be separate orifices (cat flaps) which do not provide complete ventilation. In order to obtain complete and continuous ventilation at the outlet, patent FR 77 23 957 proposes in particular a ventilation system produced by means of linear structures that can be adapted to cover conventional flat elements such as natural slates or asbestos cement slates.

This system involves, as air intake,. conventional devices arranged in the sewer, such as ventilation grilles existing on the market, * As regards the air outlet, this patent proposes a ridge system with continuous ventilation essentially comprisingl - two deflector flaps lying flat on the cover and located on either side of the ridge, - a ridge disposed above the ridge and the lateral edges of which overhang said flaps, and - means for fixing and adjusting the height of said ridge in function the slope of the roof slope.

Thus, the air outlet section can be adjusted * either by changing the spacing of the flaps and / or by adjusting the height.

The object of the invention is more particularly to provide a new type of ridge with continuous ventilation which is simpler in structure and quicker to use and whose sealing is considerably improved, in particular as regards protection against the introduction of powder snow.

To this end, the new continuous ventilation ridge system consists, according to the invention, of a

4 I

- 5 - double ridge comprising: - an inner ridge having a semi-tubular shape, for example semi-cylindrical, preferably made of prepatinated zinc, and the lateral edges of which comprise means of attachment to the two sides of the roof, on either side of the ridge, this inner ridge further comprising, preferably i at the top, a succession of openings intended to ensure the outlet of ventilation air, and, at least 10 in its central part, a succession of transverse ribs, stamped outwards, and - an external ridge also having a semi-tubular shape, for example cylindrical, preferably made of prepatinated zinc, which comes to rest and is fixed thereto on the inner ridge at level of said ribs.

"It should be noted in this connection that the aforesaid transverse ribs can be integral with the inner ridge and consist, for example, of stampings.

20 They can also consist of added parts, possibly made of steel.

According to an advantageous characteristic of the invention, the shape of the ribs formed in the inner ridge · is such that their relief is lower in the central part than at the ends. Thus, when the assembly of the outer ridge to the inner ridge is carried out, position in which the two elements are applied one against the other and are joined for example by riveting at the ribs, these 30 are obtained elements a passage whose section is larger at the ends than in the central part.

This arrangement causes the particles of water or snow which, pushed by the wind, to penetrate under the ridge, accelerate, as they progress towards the top, by reducing the section for a flow constant; when they reach the ventilation openings, they are slightly deflected * * - 6 - upwards, by the updraft coming from the underside of the roof. Given the speed of the particles at this time, which can be further increased by the depression caused in the second part of the path, by the force of suction of the wind on the "leeward" side of the cover, in the in most cases, these particles will not enter inside the ventilation openings, but will pass through the ridge

According to another characteristic of the invention, the lateral edges of the inner ridge are each extended, over its entire length, by at least one flat part, forming with the horizontal an angle of about 30 ° towards the outside. . This flat part may comprise at its end, to ensure the seal between the covering elements and the ridge piece, against any upwelling of water or of powdery snow under the action of the wind, a lead strip fixed by double stapling. In addition, to secure the ridge to the corresponding slope of the roof, the steel retaining lugs 20 can be placed, at regular intervals, under the lead strip. These retaining tabs can be provided with holes for the passage of nails or fixing screws to the cover.

The ridge may in turn comprise at each of its lateral edges a retreated hem which prevents deformation.

An embodiment of the invention will be described below, by way of nonlimiting example, with reference to the accompanying drawings in which t 30 Figure 1 is a schematic perspective with partial cutaway of a ridge system according to invention.

Figure 2 is a cross section of the ridge system shown in Figure 1.

The ridge system shown in these drawings comprises, as previously mentioned, two ridge tubes 1, 2, fitted one on the other.

"* * * - 7 -

The outer ridge 1 consists of a hollow half-cylinder, made of pre-patinated zinc, finished, each. end and over its entire length, by a retreated hem 3 which prevents deformation.

5 The inner ridge also consists of a hollow semi-cylinder in prepatinated zinc extended, at each of its ends and over its entire length, by a flat part 5, forming with the horizontal an angle of 30® towards the outside. .

10 In the middle of the development of the inner ridge 2 are cut rectangular transverse openings 6. These openings 6 are intended to ensure the outlet of the ventilation air, At regular intervals, transverse ribs 15 7 are stamped outwards , in the central part of the inner ridge 2. These ribs 7 have three holes 8, one in the center and the others about 6θ · on either side of the longitudinal median plane of symmetry.

20 These ribs 7 serve to support the outer ridge 1 and to provide an intermediate air passage 9 · The two ridge 1,2 are fixed at the ribs 7, for example by means of rivets 10 passing through the bores 8 .

25 As can be seen more particularly in FIG. 2, the relief of the ribs 7 is lower in the central part of the inner ridge 2 than at the ends and, consequently, the passage section 9 of the air between the two ridge 1, 2 is more reduced in the central part where the openings are located 6. This gives an acceleration, during its course, of the air flow circulating between the inner and outer ridge.

At the ends of the outer planar portions 5 of the inner ridge 2, a lead strip 12 is fixed by double stapling. Under this lead strip 12 are also arranged, at regular intervals, *

<I

- 8 - steel legs 13 each having two holes 14. These

K

lugs 13 are used for fixing the ridge to the cover 15 "by means of nails 16 or screws passing through the holes 14.

5 The above-described continuous ventilation ridge can be installed as follows:

First, the cover 15 is completely mounted, leaving an opening 17 of about 4 cm at the top.

The ridge is then placed in the axis of the roof and 10 is fixed using screws 16 by means of fixing lugs 13 · The interlocking of the ridge 1,2 is by overlapping.

Finally, the lead strip 12 is folded over the fixing lugs 13 and then the finishing pieces are placed, 11 it should be noted that the ridge system may include a certain number of accessory pieces for finishing the ends or for adapting the ridge to the different features of the roofing (sections in * 20 L, in Tee etc, ·.) · “

Claims (4)

1 '- - 9 - * 1. Ridge system with continuous ventilation, characterized in that it consists of a double ridge comprising: 5. an inner ridge (2) having a semi-tubular shape, for example semi-cylindrical, preferably made , made of pre-patinated zinc, and the lateral edges of which comprise fixing means (13) on the two sides of the roof, on either side of the ridge, this inner ridge (2) further comprising preferably at the level from the top, a succession of openings (6) intended to ensure the outlet of ventilation air, and, at least in its central part, a succession of transverse ribs (7) "stamped outwards, and - a outer ridge (l) also having a semi-tubular shape, for example cylindrical, preferably made of prepatinated zinc, which comes to rest and is fixed on the inner ridge (2) at the level of said "20 ribs (7) · 2, - System according to claim 1, characterized in that the shape of the ribs (7) formed in the inner ridge is such that their relief is lower in the central part than at the ends. 25 3, - System according to one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the transverse ribs (7) are integral with the inner ridge or else consist. into patches. 4.- System according to one of the preceding claims-30 teeth, characterized in that the lateral edges of the inner ridge (2) are each extended, over its entire length by at least one flat part (5) forming with l 'horizontal an angle for example of about 30 ° outwards. 35 5 · - system according to claim 4, characterized * in that the above-mentioned flat part (5) comprises at its end, to ensure its tightness on the roof, * * t - 10 - a lead strip (12) fixed by double stapling * 6.- System according to one of claims 4 and 5 »characterized in that the steel holding tabs (13) are arranged, at regular intervals, under the lead strip (12). 7 * - System according to claim 6, characterized in that the above fixing lugs are provided with holes · "t m *