FR2544363A1 - NEW FACING SYSTEM WITH CONTINUOUS VENTILATION - Google Patents

Abstract

THE SYSTEM ACCORDING TO THE INVENTION CONSISTS OF, ON THE ONE HAND, AN INTERIOR RIDGE 2 OF A HALF-TUBULAR SHAPE WHOSE LATERAL EDGES INCLUDE FIXING MEANS 13 ON THE TWO SIDES OF THE ROOF AND WHICH FURTHER INCLUDES, A SUCCESSION OF '' OPENINGS 6 DESIGNED TO ENSURE THE OUTLET OF AIR AS WELL AS A SUCCESSION OF TRANSVERSAL RIBS 7 CONDUCTED TO THE EXTERIOR, AND, ON THE OTHER HAND, OF AN EXTERIOR RIDGE 1 OF HALF-TUBULAR SHAPE WHICH COMES TO LET AND IS FIXED ON THE INTERNAL RIDGE 2 AT THE LEVEL OF THE RIBS 7. THE INVENTION APPLIES IN PARTICULAR TO COVERINGS IN FLAT ELEMENTS SUCH AS SLATE OR SHINGLES.

Description

New continuous ventilation system.

  The present invention relates to a new system

  Continuous ventilation ridge for further

  primarily, but not exclusively, blankets in flat elements such as slates or shingles. In general, the modern architecture gives more and more preference to roofs weakly

  inclined and so-called "waterproof" by the covering materials

  The "waterproof" roof, whose permeability

  steam is low or nil, however, raises some

  problems Regardless of the roofing material,

  the "waterproof" roof promotes the formation of condensation water

  on the inside of the cover or

  infrastructure, which can lead to considerable damage

siderable.

  The air almost always contains water in the form of vapor in the air that is pressurized, depending on the amount of steam per unit of

volume and temperature.

  At a given temperature, the pressure of the steam can not exceed a certain limit, the saturation pressure In this case, the air is saturated with water, the relative humidity is therefore 100% 1 Because the saturation pressure believes when the temperature rises, hot air can hold more water than cold air If hot, saturated air is cooled, part of the water vapor must be removed, resulting in the formation of condensation Like all gases, water vapor seeks equilibrium conditions If there is a difference between a warm and humid room and cold air stagnant under the roof infrastructure, there is a diffusion of steam through the roof, so as to balance the pressures The diffusion of steam

  faster than the difference in

  The material is permeable This is also true when the relative humidity is

  higher in the roof than in the sub-buildings

  Underlying. -2 - Vapor diffusion is a function of pressure and not relative humidity, as some people tend to

to believe it.

  In conclusion, if the temperature is lowered beyond the dew point, there is condensation. The condensation water is formed when a roof is not built according to the rules of art

  and that warm, moist air from the inside can

  place in the cold areas of the roof Plus lthu-

  indoor air humidity is high and the greater the temperature difference between indoor and outdoor air, the greater the risk of water formation.

condensation will be great.

  As has been pointed out, the damage due to the condensation water is important, for example: the metal roofs are attacked by the water of condensations stagnant, degradation of the thermal insulation materials and decrease of the thermal resistance, destruction of wood cover, or particle board, by rotting, mildew or swelling. Indeed, it is the conservation of the infrastructure

whole who is compromised.

  Difficulties can only be controlled by building according to the rules of the art or by evacuating the water vapor (ventilation)

  who enters the roof before there is condensation

  (cold roof or ventilated roof), either by isolating the roof from the underlying premises (vapor barrier), so that no

  steam can not enter (hot roof).

  It is cold roofs or ventilated roofs, technical-

  more perfect than hot roofs, what is the purpose of the continuous ventilation ridge system,

this patent application.

  It is important to note, however, that the ventilated roof 254436e is not a new creation, the basic type is the traditional roof with sloping roof (thatch, shingles, tiles, slates) on unmanned attics serving as attics or Warehouses of old furniture and various objects, reputed sound and dry Sometimes, ventilation is done by spaces left open between the rafters or even, without air inlets and outlets,

  irregularities and cracks between the materials of cou-

  enable a regulation of the weather conditions

temperature and humidity.

  In all these cases, the role of ventilation is

  to remove water vapor diffused through the ceiling.

  This ventilated roof is the seat of natural ventilation.

  Real active outdoor air that works year-round between two membranes (insulating cover or ceiling). In summer, the partial temperatures and pressures of water vapor are roughly balanced between the inside and the ventilated air layer. There is therefore no risk of condensation except in a few special cases, which are rather infrequent. light metal covers during a sudden change in temperature and relative humidity of the outside air (thunderstorms) Ventilation, however, plays a very important role by eliminating a large part of solar radiation. Ventilation becomes an active complement of insulation, which is vital for

the comfort of the premises.

  With respect to the air inlets and outlets of the ventilated blade, despite the inconsistencies that can be found in the specialized literature, it can be said, in general, that the section of the air outlets must greater than the sum of the inlet sections, so that the air inlets and outlets must allow the amount of air calculated to

provide ventilation.

  Knowing the necessary air circulation in m 3 per hour to eliminate the water vapor diffused by the total surface area of the ceiling or by a width of 1 m wide, it is then easy to determine the sections

  permissible air inlet and outlet.

  As regards the arrangement of the ventilation openings, the conventional arrangement consists of a row of orifices at the drain of the cover, another at the ridge. These orifices may be, for example,

  separate openings (catches) which do not guarantee

complete tilation.

  In order to obtain a complete breakdown and

  continues at the exit, patent FR 77 23 957 proposes

  a ventilation system using linear structures that can be adapted to conventional flat elements such as natural slates or

asbestos cement slates.

  This system uses as conventional input conventional devices arranged in the sewer, such as ventilation grills existing commercially, As regards the air outlet, this patent proposes a continuous ventilation ridge system comprising essentially : two deflector flaps lying flat on the cover and located on either side of the ridge, a ridge disposed above the ridge and whose side edges overhang said bibs, and

  means for fixing and adjusting in height

  of said ditch according to slope slope

cover.

  Thus, the air outlet section can be adjusted, either by changing the spacing of the flaps and / or by

adjusting the height.

  The object of the invention is more particularly to provide a new type of continuous ventilation ridge with a simpler structure and faster implementation and whose sealing is considerably improved, in particular with regard to the protection

  against the introduction of powder snow.

  For this purpose, the new roof ridge system

  continuous composition is composed, according to the invention, of a

2 544363

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double sink including -

  an inner ridge with a half

  tubular, for example half-cylindrical, preferably made of preweathered zinc, and whose lateral edges comprise fastening means on both sides of the roof, on either side of the ridge, this inner material further comprising: , preferably at the top, a succession of openings intended to ensure the exit of ventilation air, and, at least

  in its central part, a succession of transverse veins

  versales, pressed outwardly, and an outer die also having a half-tubular shape, for example cylindrical, preferably preweathered zinc, which comes to rest and Lest fixed on the inner milk at said ribs. It should be noted in this regard that the above

  transverse ribs can become one with the

  interior and consist for example in stampings.

  They can also consist of patches

  possibly made of steel.

  According to an advantageous characteristic of the invention, the shape of the ribs formed in the inner channel is such that their relief is weaker in the central part than at the ends when the assembly of the outer ridge on the inner ridge is carried out, a position in which the two elements are applied against each other and are joined for example by riveting at the ribs, there is obtained between these two elements a passage whose section is more

  important at the ends only in the central part.

  This arrangement causes the particles of water or snow which, pushed by the wind, to penetrate under the

  are accelerating, as they progress through

  towards the upper part, by reducing the section

  for a constant flow; when they reach the

  ventilation, they are slightly deflected 6- upward, by the updraft coming from the underside of the cover Given the speed of the particles at this time, which can be further increased by the depression caused in the second part of the journey, by the suction force of the wind on the "downwind" side of the cover, in most cases, these particles will not enter the interior of the

  ventilation openings, but will cross the bottom.

  According to another characteristic of the invention, the lateral edges of the inner die are each extended, throughout its length, by at least one partplane, forming with the horizontal an angle of about 300 outwards This flat part may comprise at its end, to ensure the étanohéité between the elements of cover and the part of factage,

  against possible upwellings or snow

  In addition, to ensure the fixation of the ridge on the corresponding slope dutoides steel brackets can be arranged, at regular intervals, under the lead strip These legs of the wind, a band of lead fixed by double stapling may be provided with holes for the passage of nails or

  screw fixing to the cover.

  The sheer can mean for each of its side edges a retracted hem that avoids

deformations.

  An embodiment of the invention will be described hereinafter, by way of non-limiting example, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective with partial cutaway of a ridge system according to the invention . Figure 2 is a cross section of the system

ridge shown in Figure 1.

  The ridge system shown in these drawings includes, as previously mentioned, two ridge

  1, 2, nested one on the other.

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  The outer fatter is composed of one half

  hollow cylinder, in preweathered zinc, finished at each end and along its length by a recessed hem

3 which avoids deformations.

  The inner ridge is also composed of a prolonged pre-axed hollow half-cylinder, at each of its ends and along its length by a flat portion 5 forming an outward angle of 30 with the horizontal. In the middle of the development of the inner die 2 are cut rectangular transverse openings 6 o These openings 6 are intended for

  ensure the exit of the ventilation air.

  At regular intervals, transverse veins

  7 are stamped outwards, in the central part

  2 These ribs 7 have three holes 8, one in the center and the others & about 60

  on both sides of the longitudinal median plane of symmetry

  trie. These ribs 7 serve to support the factière

  1 and to provide an air passage 9.

  Fixing the two ridge 1, 2 is made at the ribs 7, for example by means of rivets 10

passing through holes 8.

  As can be seen more particularly in FIG. 2, the relief of the ribs 7 is weaker in the central part of the inner die 2 than at the ends and, consequently, the passage section 9 of air between the two rakes 1, 2 is smaller

  in the central part where the openings are located

  Thus, during the course of its travel, an acceleration of the air stream circulating between the ridge

inside and outside.

  At the ends of the outer plane portions 5 of the inner die 2, a lead strip 12 is fixed by double stapling. Under this lead strip 12 are furthermore arranged, at regular intervals, steel legs 13 each having two holes. 14 These

  tabs 13 serve for fixing the waxing on the cover.

  15, by means of nails 16 or screws passing through

holes 14.

  The mounting of the continuous ventilation ridge previously described can be made as follows: First, the cover is completely raised 15

  leaving an opening 17 of about 4 cm at the top.

  The waxing is then placed in the axis of the roof and fixed by means of screws 16 by means of the fastening tabs 13 The emboitement of the factories 1, 2 is carried out

by recovery.

  Finally, the lead strip 12 is folded over the fastening tabs 13 and the pieces of

finish.

  It should be noted that the ridge system can

  take a number of accessory parts for finishing the ends or to adapt the waxing to the different peculiarities of the cover (sections in

L, in Tee etc).

Claims (7)

  1. Continuous ventilation ridge system, characterized in that it consists of a double ridge comprising: an inner shell (2) having a half-tubular shape, for example semi-cylindrical, made, preferably prewaved zinc , and whose lateral edges comprise fastening means (13) on both sides of the roof, on either side of the ridge, this inner cradle (2) further comprising, preferably at the top, a succession openings (6) for providing ventilation air outlet, and, at least in its central part, a succession of transverse ribs (7), stamped outwardly, and an outer slot (1) also presenting a semi-tubular shape, for example cylindrical, preferably preweathered zinc, which comes to rest and is fixed on the inner liner (2) at the level of said ribs (7).   2. System according to claim 1, characterized in that the shape of the ribs (7) formed in the inner race is such that their relief is more   weak in the central part than at the extremities.   3 System according to one of claims 1 and 2,   characterized in that the transverse ribs (7) are integral with the inner liner or consist of in patches.   4. System according to one of the preceding claims   characterized in that the lateral edges of the inner die (2) are each extended, along its entire length, by at least one flat portion (5) forcing with an orthogonal angle an angle of, for example, about 300 outwards.   5. System according to claim 4, characterized in that the said flat part (5) comprises at its end, to ensure its tightness on the roof, -   a lead strip (12) fixed by double stapling.   6. System according to one of claims 4 and 5,   characterized in that steel holding lugs (13) are arranged at regular intervals under the lead tape (12).   System according to Claim 6, characterized   in that the said fixing lugs are provided with of holes