ES2327662T3 - Procedimiento de obtencion de imagenes por laser. - Google Patents
Procedimiento de obtencion de imagenes por laser. Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- ES2327662T3 ES2327662T3 ES06000946T ES06000946T ES2327662T3 ES 2327662 T3 ES2327662 T3 ES 2327662T3 ES 06000946 T ES06000946 T ES 06000946T ES 06000946 T ES06000946 T ES 06000946T ES 2327662 T3 ES2327662 T3 ES 2327662T3
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- Prior art keywords
- substrate
- image
- procedure
- pigment
- laser
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
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- B41M5/26—Thermography ; Marking by high energetic means, e.g. laser otherwise than by burning, and characterised by the material used
- B41M5/40—Thermography ; Marking by high energetic means, e.g. laser otherwise than by burning, and characterised by the material used characterised by the base backcoat, intermediate, or covering layers, e.g. for thermal transfer dye-donor or dye-receiver sheets; Heat, radiation filtering or absorbing means or layers; combined with other image registration layers or compositions; Special originals for reproduction by thermography
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Abstract
Procedimiento para proporcionar una imagen sobre un sustrato, que comprende aplicar, a una zona relativamente pequeña del sustrato, una formulación que comprende un pigmento y uno o más de otros componentes que forman una imagen por irradiación con luz láser, e irradiar la zona, en el que la imagen presenta mayor contraste con respecto al pigmento que con respecto al sustrato.
Description
Procedimiento de obtención de imágenes por
láser.
La presente invención se refiere a
procedimientos para proporcionar una imagen sobre un sustrato.
Se han realizado varias propuestas con el fin de
lograr la impresión eficaz sobre un sustrato, provocando un cambio
de color en el sustrato sobre el que va a aparecer la impresión. Se
han propuesto varios pigmentos que pueden utilizarse para marcar un
sustrato con la aplicación de energía láser. Algunas de estas
propuestas pueden encontrarse, por ejemplo, en los documentos
WO-A-00/43456,
JP-A-11001065,
EP-A-0 522 370,
EP-A-0 797 511,
US-A-5.053.440,
US-A-5.350.792 (A plastics moulding
composition comprising a polyoxymethylene and animal charcoal),
US-A-5.928.780,
US-A-6.017.972 y
US-A-6.019.831. Los documentos
US-A-5.489.639 y
US-A-5.884.079 dan a conocer que el
hidroxifosfato de cobre es un material que puede marcarse con
láser.
El octamolibdato de amonio, que presenta la
fórmula (NH_{4})_{4}Mo_{8}O_{26} y se abrevia en la
presente memoria AOM, es un material fácilmente disponible que
presenta propiedades retardadores de la llama. Para este fin, se ha
formulado con polímeros tales como poli(cloruro de vinilo)
(PVC). Por ejemplo, los cables que contienen PVC pueden contener
AOM como agente supresor de humo. El AOM es un ejemplo de un
oxianión de un metal multivalente; existen muchos compuestos de
este tipo en estados coloreados de valencia inferior o no
estequiométricos.
La impresión sobre embalajes tales como de
cartón es de importancia comercial considerable. Puede ser
simplemente para proporcionar información visible a una persona que
maneja los embalajes, pero también se requiere para el código de
barras y otros marcajes que se pretende que lea una máquina. Esto
supone dos problemas particulares.
En primer lugar, el material de embalaje más
económico tiende a ser marrón o de algún otro color indeterminado,
frente a lo cual el código de barras, digamos en negro, presenta un
contraste bajo (normalmente de grado C o D). En segundo lugar,
debido a la necesidad de personalizar el embalaje, se produce un
desperdicio implicado en la información de impresión sobre el
embalaje que tiene que adaptarse para cada cliente particular.
El documento EP 0 447 032 da a conocer una
composición de pigmento blanco que puede marcarse con láser que
incluye un primer pigmento que puede marcarse mediante láser
ultravioleta y un segundo pigmento que no absorbe en la región
ultravioleta, de modo que el segundo pigmento presenta un efecto
blanqueante sobre la composición. El documento JP 63209889 da a
conocer la aplicación de una tinta de color predeterminado a la
superficie de una resina termoendurecible moldeada mediante calor y
presión y la realización de marcaje con láser sobre la superficie
recubierta.
Según un aspecto de la presente invención, un
procedimiento para proporcionar una imagen sobre un sustrato
comprende aplicar, a una zona relativamente pequeña del sustrato,
una formulación que comprende un pigmento y un componente que forma
una imagen por irradiación con luz láser, en el que la imagen
presenta mayor contraste con respecto al pigmento que con respecto
al sustrato.
Según un aspecto adicional de la invención, un
procedimiento para proporcionar una imagen sobre un sustrato
comprende aplicar, a una zona relativamente pequeña del sustrato,
una formulación que comprende uno o más componentes que forman una
imagen por irradiación con luz láser, en el que el sustrato
comprende un pigmento blanco.
Este procedimiento permite que se logre un alto
contraste (normalmente de grado A o B) entre la imagen y su fondo
inmediato. Además, el hecho de que la imagen pueda proporcionarse
según demanda y que no dependa del suministro de sustrato,
significa que puede evitarse el desperdicio inherente en la
personalización; esto puede conducir a ahorros sustanciales en el
coste, para el embalaje producido en gran volumen.
El componente de la formulación que forma una
imagen por irradiación con luz láser puede ser un compuesto que
contiene un oxianión. El catión puede ser amonio o un metal alcalino
o alcalinotérreo, pero esto no es crítico. El oxianión puede ser un
molibdato, tungstato o compuesto de metal de transición análogo.
Dichos componentes incluyen di y heptamolibdatos. El componente es
preferiblemente AOM; la siguiente descripción se refiere a AOM
únicamente para fines de ilustración. Actualmente, se prefiere AOM
porque está fácilmente disponible y es selectivo para un láser de
CO_{2} de baja potencia, robusto, funcionando a aproximadamente
10.600 nm.
El AOM puede incorporarse en diversos sistemas
de polímero y molerse, utilizando un molino de bolas, hasta un
tamaño de partícula deseado, sin ninguna dificultad técnica.
Ejemplos de sistemas de polímero en los que se ha incorporado y se
ha molido satisfactoriamente AOM incluyen disolución de
nitrocelulosa en alcohol/acetato de etilo, disolución de propionato
- acetato de celulosa en alcohol/acetato de etilo, disolución de
polivinilbutiral en alcohol/acetato de etilo, resina de poliuretano
a base de disolvente, resina epóxido a base de disolvente, resina
de poliéster a base de disolvente, resina acrílica a base de agua,
resina de poliéster a base de agua, resina de poliuretano a base de
agua, monómeros y oligómeros curables con luz ultravioleta sin
disolvente, poliamidas a base de disolvente, poliimidas a base de
disolvente, poliamidas a base de agua, poliimidas a base de agua,
recubrimientos y lacas de epóxido/vinilo/poliéster a base de
disolvente y resinas de siloxano.
Pueden incorporarse pigmentos orgánicos e
inorgánicos en tintes/recubrimientos de AOM sin ningún efecto
adverso en la capacidad de marcaje con láser de las
tintas/recubrimientos de AOM. Además, las tintas/recubrimientos de
AOM que contienen los pigmentos orgánicos e inorgánicos pueden
molerse hasta un tamaño de partícula deseado sin dificultad o
efecto adverso sobre la capacidad de marcaje con láser de las
tintas/recubrimientos de AOM.
Alternativamente el componente de AOM puede
incorporarse fundido en polímeros extruibles, o puede incorporarse
en formulaciones monoméricas que se curan mediante UV. Una película
o material laminado de capas que incluyen un componente que puede
marcarse por láser proporciona un producto a prueba de manipulación.
Polímeros extruibles que pueden utilizarse en la invención incluyen
nailon, poliésteres, poliamida, policarbonato, poliacrilato,
polimetacrilato, polímeros de injerto de ABS, poliolefinas tales
como polietileno o polipropileno, poliestireno, poli(cloruro
de vinilo), polioximetileno, poliimida, poliéteres y
polietercetonas, elastómeros termoplásticos, poliuretano
termoplástico que pueden utilizarse individualmente o como una
combinación de diversos polímeros, son adecuados como matriz de
polímero. La cantidad de AOM que se incorpora es normalmente del 0,1
al 5% en peso del producto extruido.
El AOM o análogo del mismo debe ser selectivo
para láser, lo que significa que absorbe energía a una longitud de
onda, por ejemplo, de ~1.064 nm o ~10.600 nm, para lo que puede
escogerse un láser en consecuencia, de manera que experimente un
cambio de color. El cambio de color normalmente será el resultado de
un cambio en el estado de valencia y/o en la formación de productos
no estequiométricos, aunque también puede haber alguna reacción con
el aglutinante. El láser que se utiliza puede funcionar o bien en el
modo de matriz de puntos o bien en el modo de trazado, de onda
continua.
El sustrato puede ser cartulina, por ejemplo,
cartón. El embalaje que puede utilizarse en la invención puede
estar alternativamente en la forma de una película polimérica, tal
como polipropileno o polietileno, y que puede laminarse y
utilizarse, por ejemplo, para envolver chocolate. Si se utiliza un
material de embalaje de múltiples capas, la invención puede
aplicarse a cualquier capa en la que la tinta esté presente.
Cualquier pigmento que se utilice en la
invención puede ser convencional. Puede preferirse un pigmento
blanco, que no sólo proporciona contraste con, digamos, un código
de barras en negro, sino también opacidad. Pueden seleccionarse
otros colores, según se desee. Pigmentos típicos incluyen
CaCO_{3}, ZnO, TiO_{2} y talco.
Una formulación de la invención también puede
incluir componentes convencionales que están presentes con el fin
de proporcionar la imagen. Normalmente, incluyen un material que
absorbe luz láser incidente; este material puede cambiar de color
por sí mismo con la absorción o puede reaccionar con otro material
para proporcionar un cambio de color. Reactivos típicos incluyen
fenoles, resinas fenólicas, ácidos carboxílicos junto con un
formador de color, por ejemplo, cristal violeta lactona. Agentes de
absorción típicos incluyen arcillas, micas, TiO_{2}, carbonatos,
óxidos, talco, silicatos y aluminosilicatos.
Con el fin de que la invención pueda entenderse
más fácilmente se hace referencia a los ejemplos siguientes, que se
proporcionan a título ilustrativo de la invención, pero no
limitativos del alcance.
\vskip1.000000\baselineskip
Se formuló una tinta blanca opaca tal como
sigue:
Ésta se imprimió mediante flexografía para
producir un panel en papel manila ondulado. Se expuso el panel
blanco resultante al haz a partir de un láser de CO_{2} de trazado
para producir un código de barras unidimensional. El código de
barras era de buena calidad, con verificación de clase A/B cuando se
utilizó el formador de color negro Pergascript black
I-R o Pergascript black I-2R (Ciba
Speciality Chemicals).
\vskip1.000000\baselineskip
Se formuló una tinta opaca como en el ejemplo 1
y se imprimieron parches mediante flexografía sobre una película de
embalaje flexible (polipropileno). A continuación, se escribieron
códigos alfanuméricos en los parches utilizando láser de CO_{2}
tanto de matriz de puntos como de trazado.
\vskip1.000000\baselineskip
Como en el ejemplo 2, se imprimieron parches
sobre una película de polipropileno. Entonces se laminó el lado
impreso de la película con otra hoja de material polimérico de
manera que se encapsuló el parche impreso. A continuación, se
utilizó un láser de CO_{2} para producir un código alfanumérico
dentro del parche mediante exposición a través de la película.
\vskip1.000000\baselineskip
Se formuló una tinta opaca tal como se facilita
en el ejemplo 1, utilizando un formador de color azul, pero también
con la adición de una pequeña cantidad (del 0,4% en peso) de
pigmento rojo. Se imprimió la tinta mediante flexografía sobre
cartón blanco y se expuso el panel rosa resultante a haz láser de
CO_{2}. La imagen producida era púrpura.
Claims (6)
1. Procedimiento para proporcionar una imagen
sobre un sustrato, que comprende aplicar, a una zona relativamente
pequeña del sustrato, una formulación que comprende un pigmento y
uno o más de otros componentes que forman una imagen por
irradiación con luz láser, e irradiar la zona, en el que la imagen
presenta mayor contraste con respecto al pigmento que con respecto
al sustrato.
2. Procedimiento para proporcionar una imagen
sobre un sustrato, que comprende aplicar, a una zona relativamente
pequeña del sustrato, una formulación que comprende uno o más
componentes que forman una imagen por irradiación con luz láser, en
el que el sustrato comprende un pigmento blanco.
3. Procedimiento según la reivindicación 1 ó 2,
en el que la formulación incluye un componente que absorbe luz
láser, por ejemplo, a 10.600 nm.
4. Procedimiento según cualquiera de las
reivindicaciones 1 a 3, en el que el sustrato es una película
polimérica.
5. Procedimiento según cualquiera de las
reivindicaciones 1 a 4, en el que el sustrato es metal, por ejemplo,
lámina de aluminio.
6. Procedimiento según cualquiera de las
reivindicaciones 1 a 5, en el que el sustrato es papel o cartón.
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GB0108360A GB0108360D0 (en) | 2001-04-03 | 2001-04-03 | Laser printing on packaging |
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ES02706945T Expired - Lifetime ES2278008T5 (es) | 2001-03-16 | 2002-03-18 | Composiciones que pueden marcarse por láser y procedimiento de formación de imágenes por láser. |
ES06000946.1T Active ES2327662T7 (es) | 2001-03-16 | 2002-03-18 | Procedimiento de obtención de imágenes por láser |
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ES02706945T Expired - Lifetime ES2278008T5 (es) | 2001-03-16 | 2002-03-18 | Composiciones que pueden marcarse por láser y procedimiento de formación de imágenes por láser. |
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ES (2) | ES2278008T5 (es) |
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- 2002-03-18 ES ES02706945T patent/ES2278008T5/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-03-18 DE DE60216898T patent/DE60216898T3/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-03-18 WO PCT/GB2002/001250 patent/WO2002074548A2/en active IP Right Grant
- 2002-03-18 EP EP06000946.1A patent/EP1657072B3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-03-18 DK DK06000946.1T patent/DK1657072T6/en active
- 2002-03-18 AU AU2002241108A patent/AU2002241108A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2002-03-18 PT PT02706945T patent/PT1368200E/pt unknown
- 2002-03-18 EP EP02706945A patent/EP1368200B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-03-18 AT AT06000946T patent/ATE435123T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2002-03-18 AT AT02706945T patent/ATE348712T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2002-03-18 DK DK02706945.9T patent/DK1368200T4/da active
- 2002-03-18 US US10/380,381 patent/US7485403B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-03-18 ES ES06000946.1T patent/ES2327662T7/es active Active
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2006
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- 2006-11-30 JP JP2006324252A patent/JP2007069620A/ja active Pending
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2007
- 2007-03-16 CY CY20071100377T patent/CY1106395T1/el unknown
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2014
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