EP4209636A1 - Fraise de sol pour la préparation de planchers forestiers pour la plantation d'arbres - Google Patents

Fraise de sol pour la préparation de planchers forestiers pour la plantation d'arbres Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4209636A1
EP4209636A1 EP22215937.8A EP22215937A EP4209636A1 EP 4209636 A1 EP4209636 A1 EP 4209636A1 EP 22215937 A EP22215937 A EP 22215937A EP 4209636 A1 EP4209636 A1 EP 4209636A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
milling
floor
housing
cutting heads
transverse cutting
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP22215937.8A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP4209636B1 (fr
EP4209636C0 (fr
Inventor
Klaus Ertmer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kemroc Holding GmbH
Original Assignee
Kemroc Holding GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kemroc Holding GmbH filed Critical Kemroc Holding GmbH
Publication of EP4209636A1 publication Critical patent/EP4209636A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP4209636B1 publication Critical patent/EP4209636B1/fr
Publication of EP4209636C0 publication Critical patent/EP4209636C0/fr
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Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
    • A01B33/00—Tilling implements with rotary driven tools, e.g. in combination with fertiliser distributors or seeders, with grubbing chains, with sloping axles, with driven discs
    • A01B33/02—Tilling implements with rotary driven tools, e.g. in combination with fertiliser distributors or seeders, with grubbing chains, with sloping axles, with driven discs with tools on horizontal shaft transverse to direction of travel
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/08—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging elements on an endless chain
    • E02F3/085—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging elements on an endless chain with auxiliary or additional digging elements other than digging elements on an endless chain
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/08—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging elements on an endless chain
    • E02F3/088—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging elements on an endless chain pivotable relative to the frame
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/08—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging elements on an endless chain
    • E02F3/10—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging elements on an endless chain with tools that only loosen the material, i.e. with cutter-type chains
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/18—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging wheels turning round an axis, e.g. bucket-type wheels
    • E02F3/183—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging wheels turning round an axis, e.g. bucket-type wheels with digging unit shiftable relative to the frame
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/18—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging wheels turning round an axis, e.g. bucket-type wheels
    • E02F3/20—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging wheels turning round an axis, e.g. bucket-type wheels with tools that only loosen the material, i.e. mill-type wheels
    • E02F3/205—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging wheels turning round an axis, e.g. bucket-type wheels with tools that only loosen the material, i.e. mill-type wheels with a pair of digging wheels, e.g. slotting machines

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a tiller for preparing forest soils for tree planting.
  • the rotary cultivator comprises an excavator attachment known per se and, like the known attachment cultivator, can preferably be attached to a movable extension arm of a carrier device, in particular an excavator or a similar machine.
  • an excavator-mounted cutter is known, which is particularly suitable for breaking up hard surfaces made of rock, asphalt or concrete and for rock excavation.
  • the details of the structure of this excavator-mounted cutter are in the Disclosure of the present utility model application expressly and fully included.
  • the DE 10 2015 115 543 B4 describes a strip milling machine with at least two spaced-apart main milling machines.
  • the main cutters are used to create milling channels and are arranged on a common axis.
  • at least one fine milling device is arranged in front of or behind the strip milling machine.
  • the fine milling device has at least one milling tool with a smaller milling depth than that of the two main milling machines.
  • the entire device is comparatively large and heavy and is therefore only suitable for use on level, easily accessible surfaces. Deep loosening of the soil is not possible with this device.
  • the DE 10 2005 023 966 A1 describes a device for working the soil for row crops.
  • the device uses a milling tube to loosen the soil.
  • the milling tube can only penetrate the ground up to its axis of rotation, so that either only small processing depths or very large devices result.
  • This construction is therefore not suitable for a light construction, which should nevertheless enable soil loosening to a depth of approx. 50 cm.
  • the DE 198 11 806 A1 shows a tiller attached to an excavator.
  • the tiller comprises a shaft carrying a plurality of blades, which is arranged in a housing.
  • the housing is open in the direction of the soil to be processed.
  • the tiller is attached to a boom arm of a motor-driven vehicle, the tiller being drivable by means of a hydraulic motor.
  • the housing has two side facing the ground guide skids on. In practical use, however, it has been shown that the tiller cannot be used to loosen the soil down to the required depth for good growing conditions.
  • the object of the present invention is to further develop a rotary tiller for attachment to a movable extension arm of a carrier device, in particular an excavator, in such a way that it can also be used in rough terrain for the preparation of forest soil for tree planting and the preparation of the forest floor to a depth of approx. 50 cm.
  • the rotary cultivator according to the invention for preparing forest soils for tree planting initially comprises one of the EP 2 324 158 B1 known excavator attachment milling machine with an attachment bracket for attachment to a movable extension arm of an excavator.
  • This milling machine has at least one motor, two rotating, driven transverse cutting heads and a driven, revolving milling chain with numerous milling tools.
  • the cross cutting heads are mounted on both sides of the longitudinal axis of the mounting bracket.
  • the circulating milling chain has a running direction that runs parallel to the longitudinal axis of the mounting bracket and extends between the two cross cutting heads. Numerous milling tools are attached to the milling chain and the transverse cutting heads, which describe a cylindrical milling surface when the cutting heads rotate.
  • the cutting bits of the cutting chain form a semi-cylindrical mantle surface at the exposed front end of the cutting chain.
  • the front one Return line of the milling chain essentially in a plane tangent to the milling lateral surfaces of the two cross cutting heads.
  • the contact lines of the cutting bits of the cutting heads with the forest floor surface to be cut are thus without any appreciable gap next to the contact line of the cutting bits of the cutting chain. Expediently, these contact lines also lie in a common plane.
  • the rotary cultivator according to the invention also includes a conductive housing which at least partially encloses the mounting bracket of the rotary cultivator.
  • the ground guide housing initially serves to prevent the uncontrolled ejection of the soil material loosened when the tiller penetrates the forest soil, so that it remains at the site of later replanting and also safely avoids endangering bystanders or equipment.
  • the ground control housing has attachment points for attachment to the mounting bracket and/or the boom arm of the excavator.
  • a cover plate is provided, which closes the floor guide housing adjacent to the mounting bracket at the top. Starting from the cover plate, a housing shell extends downward essentially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the mounting bracket.
  • the cover plate there is a lower housing opening in the floor guide housing, which is directed towards the forest floor in the operating mode.
  • the housing jacket has an axial extension, so that the two transverse cutting heads protrude essentially completely and the section of the milling chain running between them protrudes from the housing opening in order to penetrate the forest floor.
  • the Bodenleitgeophuse fulfills another purpose, namely the guidance of the rotary tiller while tilling the forest floor.
  • At least two skids are provided for this purpose, which are attached to the housing opening running in a working direction and can slide on the forest floor.
  • the skids limit the penetration depth of the tiller into the ground.
  • the skids are attached to the floor guide housing so that they can be displaced in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the mounting bracket, so that the penetration depth of the tiller can be adjusted in this way.
  • the soil guiding housing fulfills another purpose, namely the positioning of the loosened soil.
  • a preferably axially displaceable ejection plate is provided as part of the bottom guide housing, which forms a section of the housing jacket and between the skids releases a preferably variable-height ejection opening.
  • the ejection plate is adjusted in the longitudinal direction of the mounting bracket, there is a larger or smaller ejection opening in the soil guide housing, which has an influence on the heaping height of the loosened soil above the initial level. If the heaping height is greater, the soil in the work track remains very loose; if the heaping height is lower, the loosened soil is compacted again somewhat by the tiller, instead there are fewer bumps on the worked forest floor. In this way, the desired ridge height can be adjusted to the soil composition and the preferred soil conditions of the trees to be planted.
  • the ground guide housing has a substantially rectangular cross section. In the working position of the tiller, the ground guide housing then resembles a cuboid container open towards the forest floor.
  • the Bodenleitgephinuse z. B a cup or cylinder shape which are also open downwards to the forest floor to allow the transverse cutting heads and the front section of the tiller chain to emerge from the ground guide housing.
  • the two skids are preferably made of steel and each run over the entire length of the two edges of the housing opening that extend in the direction of advance.
  • the skids can be divided into several sections and/or made of other wear-resistant materials.
  • the skids run beyond the ends of the edges of the housing opening, which extend in the feed direction, in an arc or angle up to the adjoining surfaces of the housing casing. This additionally protects the edges of the casing from wear and damage.
  • the motor preferably drives both the milling chain and the transverse cutting heads.
  • the motor can be a hydraulic motor powered by the excavator or an electric motor.
  • each of the two cross cutting heads can be assigned its own motor.
  • the invention also relates to a tillage machine for preparing forest soils for tree planting.
  • This machine comprises an excavator with a cantilever arm and a tiller in one of the previously described embodiments, the tiller being detachably attached to the free end of the cantilever arm.
  • the tiller according to the invention becomes a lightweight attachment for excavators or similar machines provided, which opens up a completely new area of application for such attachment milling machines.
  • a medium-sized excavator (approx. 20 - 25 tons) can be equipped with a so-called long front boom, to which the tiller is flanged.
  • Soil cultivation can be carried out at a distance of up to 12 meters from the excavator, so that the excavator does not have to be constantly moved and large areas can be processed at high speed, in particular to prepare them for afforestation.
  • the tiller can also be attached to suitable forest machines if the areas to be worked can be reached more easily with them.
  • the rotary tiller is preferably powered by one or more hydraulic motors fed by the excavator's hydraulic oil.
  • the motors preferably drive the milling chain and this drives the cross cutting heads.
  • the chain deflection and the cutter gear, if present, are enclosed by the bottom guide housing in such a way that the depth of penetration of the cutter is limited only by the skids.
  • a housing opening corresponding to the increase in volume of the loosened soil in the soil guide housing is provided by the displaceable ejection plate.
  • the cutting heads and the tiller chain penetrate the forest floor and loosen it up.
  • the cutting heads and/or the milling chain can be equipped with special bits for wood, but also with classic picks for stone.
  • these tillers Due to the small diameter of the cutting heads and the narrow design, these tillers have the advantage that they have a very high cutting power and are light in weight. It is particularly advantageous that the achievable loosening depth is approximately the diameter of the cutting heads corresponds and not just half the diameter, as in previously known machines.
  • the cutting power of the tiller can be dimensioned sufficiently high so that roots or tree stumps remaining on the afforestation area can also be milled.
  • the excavator-mounted cutter includes a cutter chain 01 and two rotating transverse cutting heads 03, which are attached to a mounting bracket 02.
  • the mounting bracket is attached to the extension arm of a carrier device, in particular an excavator (see 2 ) flanged.
  • the cross cutting heads 03 are on both sides of the mounting bracket 02, based on their longitudinal axis, attached.
  • the milling chain 01 is located between the two rotating transverse cutting heads 03 and runs parallel to the longitudinal axis of the mounting bracket 02.
  • Milling bits 04 are attached to each of the two cutting heads 03 and to the milling chain 01, for example hard-metal-tipped point-shank bits, which can also be equipped with other cutting tools.
  • the milling tools 04 describe a cylindrical milling jacket surface.
  • the cutting bits 04 on the cutting chain 01 are distributed in the running direction, and during operation they describe a semi-cylindrical cutting surface at the exposed front end of the cutting chain 01.
  • the front reversal line of the milling chain 01 is thus essentially in a plane with the plane that is defined by the milling shell surfaces of the two cutting heads 03.
  • the transverse cutting heads 03 and the milling chain 01 thus together form a roller-like milling tool.
  • the cutter chain 01 is driven by a motor, preferably a hydraulic motor, which is coupled to the cutter chain 01 without a reduction gear.
  • the motor is arranged between the two cutting heads 03 and is rotated by the milling chain 01. Both the milling chain 01 and the cutting heads 03 are driven by the slow-running motor.
  • Other embodiments are possible, for example using a gearbox and/or multiple motors.
  • the transverse cutting heads 03 can be detachably connected to driver pinions 05, whereby the cutting heads 03 can be removed from the mounting bracket 02 without the drive of the Milling chain 01 is affected.
  • the deflection of the milling chain 01 is z. B. realized by means of a deflection roller not visible in the figure.
  • FIG. 1 shows a soil cultivating machine 11 in the form of an excavator comprising a boom arm 12.
  • FIG. Attached to the free end of the boom 12 is a rotary tiller 13 which includes, as a main component, the rotary tiller attachment described above.
  • the second main component of the tiller 13 is formed by a ground guide housing 14, which in 2 is shown in a sectional representation, in order to make visible the excavator-mounted tiller partially lying in the ground control housing.
  • the Bodenleitgeophenode 14 has an overhead cover plate 15, which prevents the emergence of thrown up soil and thus also protects the joints on the boom 12. Furthermore, the Bodenleitgeophuse 14 has a housing shell 16 which extends from the top plate downwards. The Bodenleitgeophuse is open on its underside. The front part of the tiller chain 01 and the transverse cutting heads 03 emerge through the housing opening formed there, so that they can reach into the forest floor and loosen it.
  • Skids 17 are attached to the lower edge of the housing jacket 16 in the area of the housing opening. During a feed movement symbolized by a movement arrow (directed towards the excavator), the rotary tiller slides on these skids 17 so that penetrating too deep into the ground is avoided.
  • an ejector plate 18 which lies parallel to the longitudinal axis of the mounting bracket and can be displaced in the axial direction. The clear width of an ejection opening 19, from which the loosened soil can emerge, can thus be adjusted.
  • FIG. 3 shows the soil cultivating machine 11 in a front view.
  • the milling chain 01 and the transverse cutting heads 03 have penetrated deep into the ground, for example 50-60 cm deep, which roughly corresponds to the diameter of the transverse cutting heads 03.
  • the skids 17 stand on the loose soil.
  • the ejection plate 18 has been moved upwards so that the clear width of the ejection opening is approx. 30 cm.
  • the housing jacket 16 also shields the milling machine on all sides, so that the loosened soil can only emerge from the outlet opening 19 .

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Shovels (AREA)
  • Soil Working Implements (AREA)
EP22215937.8A 2022-01-04 2022-12-22 Fraise de sol pour la préparation de planchers forestiers pour la plantation d'arbres Active EP4209636B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE202022100046.8U DE202022100046U1 (de) 2022-01-04 2022-01-04 Bodenfräse zum Vorbereiten von Waldböden zur Baumbepflanzung

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4209636A1 true EP4209636A1 (fr) 2023-07-12
EP4209636B1 EP4209636B1 (fr) 2024-04-24
EP4209636C0 EP4209636C0 (fr) 2024-04-24

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ID=80738364

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP22215937.8A Active EP4209636B1 (fr) 2022-01-04 2022-12-22 Fraise de sol pour la préparation de planchers forestiers pour la plantation d'arbres

Country Status (2)

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EP (1) EP4209636B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE202022100046U1 (fr)

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19811806A1 (de) 1998-03-18 1999-09-23 Martin Vorlaender Erdfräse
DE102005023966A1 (de) 2005-05-20 2006-11-23 Ahwi Maschinenbau Gmbh Vorrichtung zur Bearbeitung der Böden von Reihenkulturen
EP2324158B1 (fr) 2008-09-11 2012-05-16 Klaus Ertmer Fraise prévue pour être montée sur une excavatrice, ayant des têtes de coupe et une chaîne de fraisage.
DE102015115543B4 (de) 2015-09-15 2020-01-23 Sima Investment Ag Streifenfräse mit wenigstens einer Feinfräsvorrichtung, die vor oder hinter der Streifenfräse angeordnet ist

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19811806A1 (de) 1998-03-18 1999-09-23 Martin Vorlaender Erdfräse
DE102005023966A1 (de) 2005-05-20 2006-11-23 Ahwi Maschinenbau Gmbh Vorrichtung zur Bearbeitung der Böden von Reihenkulturen
EP2324158B1 (fr) 2008-09-11 2012-05-16 Klaus Ertmer Fraise prévue pour être montée sur une excavatrice, ayant des têtes de coupe et une chaîne de fraisage.
DE102015115543B4 (de) 2015-09-15 2020-01-23 Sima Investment Ag Streifenfräse mit wenigstens einer Feinfräsvorrichtung, die vor oder hinter der Streifenfräse angeordnet ist

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP4209636B1 (fr) 2024-04-24
DE202022100046U1 (de) 2022-02-24
EP4209636C0 (fr) 2024-04-24

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