EP4148212B1 - Schlüssel, schliesssystem, schliesszylinder und herstellungsverfahren - Google Patents

Schlüssel, schliesssystem, schliesszylinder und herstellungsverfahren Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4148212B1
EP4148212B1 EP22195335.9A EP22195335A EP4148212B1 EP 4148212 B1 EP4148212 B1 EP 4148212B1 EP 22195335 A EP22195335 A EP 22195335A EP 4148212 B1 EP4148212 B1 EP 4148212B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
key
flat
coding
coding recess
recess
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP22195335.9A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP4148212A1 (de
Inventor
Benjamin Gugerli
Christian Raimann
Raphael Lehner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Dormakaba Austria GmbH
Original Assignee
Dormakaba Austria GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Dormakaba Austria GmbH filed Critical Dormakaba Austria GmbH
Priority to SI202230019T priority Critical patent/SI4148212T1/sl
Publication of EP4148212A1 publication Critical patent/EP4148212A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP4148212B1 publication Critical patent/EP4148212B1/de
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
    • E05B19/00—Keys; Accessories therefor
    • E05B19/0017—Key profiles
    • E05B19/0041—Key profiles characterized by the cross-section of the key blade in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the key
    • E05B19/0052—Rectangular flat keys
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
    • E05B27/00—Cylinder locks or other locks with tumbler pins or balls that are set by pushing the key in
    • E05B27/0003—Details
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
    • E05B19/00—Keys; Accessories therefor
    • E05B19/0017—Key profiles
    • E05B19/0023—Key profiles characterized by variation of the contact surface between the key and the tumbler pins or plates
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
    • E05B19/00—Keys; Accessories therefor
    • E05B19/0017—Key profiles
    • E05B19/0035—Key profiles characterized by longitudinal bit variations
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
    • E05B19/00—Keys; Accessories therefor
    • E05B19/0017—Key profiles
    • E05B19/0041—Key profiles characterized by the cross-section of the key blade in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the key
    • E05B19/0052—Rectangular flat keys
    • E05B19/0058—Rectangular flat keys with key bits on at least one wide side surface of the key
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
    • E05B19/00—Keys; Accessories therefor
    • E05B19/0017—Key profiles
    • E05B19/0041—Key profiles characterized by the cross-section of the key blade in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the key
    • E05B19/0052—Rectangular flat keys
    • E05B19/0058—Rectangular flat keys with key bits on at least one wide side surface of the key
    • E05B19/0064—Rectangular flat keys with key bits on at least one wide side surface of the key and with additional key bits on at least one narrow side edge of the key
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
    • E05B27/00—Cylinder locks or other locks with tumbler pins or balls that are set by pushing the key in

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a flat key, as well as a locking system and a method for producing a flat key.
  • Locking cylinders have a stator that can be attached to a lock in a non-rotatable manner (sometimes called a “cylinder housing”) and a rotor that can be rotated about the axis of the locking cylinder when a suitable key is inserted (sometimes called a “cylinder core”). By rotating the rotor, output means are moved, which are used to actuate a bolt or other means related to the desired function of the locking cylinder.
  • the profile pin is overall longer than the pin hole. Rotating the rotor in the stator is therefore only possible if the profile pin can be pressed so far into a corresponding coding groove or other coding hole in the key that it no longer protrudes from the pin hole on the radial outside.
  • the profile pin has a corresponding, for example rounded, shape at the radially outer end.
  • profile pins are the profile wobble pins or pendulum pins. These are also movably mounted in a pin hole. However, they are in two parts with a radially inner part and a radially outer part, with a spring between the radially inner part and the radially outer part pressing the two parts apart and against an inner or outer stop, so that they take up the entire length available to them. Depending on the total length of the profile wobble pin (i.e. depending on how far the two parts are pushed apart), the radially outer part is guided relative to the radially inner part because corresponding parts of the two parts engage with one another or not.
  • the profile wobble pin can only be pressed radially inwards as a whole if the parts are guided relative to one another. If this is not the case, the outer part tilts away when turning and can no longer enter the pin hole and thus blocks the rotor.
  • the key shaft when viewed perpendicular to the key axis, has a profile that deviates from a rectangular cross-section, for example due to the presence of axially extending grooves or ribs.
  • the key channel of the lock cylinder then has a corresponding profile, at least in sections, so that keys that do not fit cannot be inserted at all.
  • the font AT 368 795 B (Ewa works ) shows, among other things, a key with so-called chamfer cuts, which can be arranged on one edge of the key, among other things. These bevel incisions interact with balls of the locking cylinder to create a type of coding.
  • the invention relates to a flat key with a key blade and a key shaft extending along a key axis from the key blade to a front key tip with two mutually parallel flat sides and two opposing narrow sides, with an edge parallel to the key axis running between the flat sides and the narrow sides.
  • a row of coding holes parallel to the key axis is formed on at least one of the flat sides.
  • at least one coding recess is present in at least one of the edges.
  • the Coding recess forms a flank that extends from the flat side to the narrow side and which has a monotonous slope.
  • the coding recess comprises a first, flat or truncated cone-like surface section, which merges forwards and backwards into a second and third surface section, each of which is designed like a truncated cone section.
  • Coding hole refers to a recess in the key, the dimension of which is chosen based on a desired coding. Coding holes can be created by drilling; But corresponding depressions made using other methods are also referred to here as “coding holes”.
  • the procedure according to the invention has the advantage that the positioning on the edge creates an additional position for the coding compared to conventional flat keys.
  • the coding recess is less well defined and less easy to copy for the unauthorized key copier.
  • the position of the row of holes on the flat side (y position) is precisely defined.
  • the copying machine scans the hole depth as a function of the position along the key axis (x position). This is a standard procedure and easy for the unauthorized key copier.
  • a key copier must either find a process that accurately records and copies the 3D shape in the area of the coding recess, or he must know information about the manufacturing process, namely the tool and its position and path.
  • the coding recess can in particular extend over a certain axial length, i.e. have an extent in the axial direction that is larger than that of an average coding hole.
  • This can be expressed in the fact that a first transition between the coding recess and the flat side (i.e. a transition that is arranged between the coding recess and the flat side; such a transition can in particular be an edge that forms this transition) forms a (first) section which extends essentially parallel to the key axis..
  • a second transition between the coding recess and the narrow side i.e.
  • a transition that is arranged between the coding recess and the flat side; in particular an edge that forms this transition can have a (first) section which extends essentially parallel to the key axis.
  • the latter property can be expressed in the fact that the area where the coding recess has the greatest depth (extension perpendicular to the flat side) is expanded in the axial direction, i.e. forms an area of constant depth.
  • the said first section of the first transition, which is essentially parallel to the key axis, and the first section of the second transition, which is essentially parallel to the key axis can be essentially the same length, i.e. they can be at least 80% or at least 90% or at least 95 %, for example even at least 98% match in length.
  • the said first section of the first transition, which is essentially parallel to the key axis, and the first section of the second transition, which is essentially parallel to the key axis, can be located at essentially the same axial distance from the key tip, that is, their axial positions can be essentially to match.
  • the first transition can merge into the edge in a continuous curve or at a flat angle - with the continuous curve or the flat angle being on the flat side (i.e. the first transition runs in particular in a line in the plane defined by the flat side and merges into the edge at this level).
  • the second transition i.e. the transition between the coding recess and the narrow side
  • the second transition can merge into the edge at a flat angle or in a continuous curve, with the flat angle or the continuous curve being on the narrow side (i.e. the second
  • the transition runs in a line in the plane defined by the narrow side and merges into the edge in this plane).
  • the flank can form an inclined, step-free surface from the flat side to the narrow side, i.e. the slope can be strictly monotonic in the mathematical sense.
  • This group of embodiments has the particular advantage that an unauthorized copier does not have any stop at his disposal that would enable him to scan the dimensions of the coding hole.
  • the coding recess has a (for example small) flat section toward the narrow side, that is, approximately parallel to the flat side or at least less sloping than the rest of the flank ("bottom") - then the slope does not have to be strictly monotonous be.
  • the slope does not have to be strictly monotonous be.
  • there is no undercut neither in the direction perpendicular to the key axis and parallel to the flat side (y-direction) nor in the direction perpendicular to the key axis and perpendicular to the flat side (z-direction).
  • the at least one coding recess can be formed by a milling on the edge.
  • the coding recess can be produced by a removal tool (drilling and/or milling tool) which rotates about a tool axis perpendicular to the flat side.
  • a removal tool drilling and/or milling tool
  • the coding recess can be produced in the same operation and possibly with the same tool as the coding holes on the flat side. The key does not need to be changed between creating the coding holes and creating the coding recess(s).
  • the present invention also relates to a locking system with a flat key of the type described and a lock cylinder.
  • a device has, in a manner known per se, a stator and a rotor with a key channel.
  • the rotor can be rotated in the stator when the shaft of a suitable key is inserted into the key channel.
  • the lock cylinder has a pin whose position is such that its radially inner end engages in the coding recess when the flat key is inserted (or hits the key where the coding recess would be if it were present if the key is coded in such a way that it does not have the coding recess).
  • the pen therefore scans the coding recess.
  • Depending on the coding it gives a rotation of the rotor in the stator is free or not depending on the presence and dimensioning of the coding recess.
  • the pin can be, for example, a profile pin, a tumbler of a spring-loaded tumbler-counter-tumbler pair or a profile wobble pin.
  • the pin is mounted in the rotor so as to be displaceable along a pin axis.
  • the pin (or its pin axis) can be at an angle to the key that is different from a perpendicular to the flat side and, for example, also from a normal to the flank. In this way, it can be ensured that the pin does not hit the surface of the key it scans centrally (the edge formed by the coding recess), but rather acentrically.
  • the shape of the radially inner end of the pin in addition to the coding recess and its dimensions, also affects the position of the pin.
  • the pin axis can in particular be at an angle of at least 5°, for example at least 10°, to the normal to the flank.
  • the invention also relates to a method for producing a flat key of the type described in this text.
  • the coding holes are created on a key blank with the key blade and the key shaft using a tool in a removal process.
  • the at least one coding recess is also created with an abrasive tool. This happens in particular with a tool that rotates about an axis perpendicular to the flat side, ie the process takes place from the flat side, with the manufacturing technology advantage discussed above.
  • the method is carried out in particular in such a way that the coding recess is extended in the direction of the key axis, i.e. the tool is moved relative to the key shaft during the (milling) process, for example, at least in a direction parallel to the key axis (x direction), wherein the tool can be moved along a three-dimensional path to create a recess with parts tapering to the front and back.
  • the tool can only be moved during the process in the direction perpendicular to the flat side (z direction) and can be positioned several times in succession in immediately adjacent axial positions (x positions).
  • the tool attacks the side of the key shaft, in the sense that the tool axis is always guided next to the key shaft throughout the entire removal process, i.e. the (extended) tool axis does not penetrate the key shaft but is not attached to it Timing closer to the key axis than the narrow side.
  • orientation terms “radial”, “radial-inner”, “axial”, etc. generally refer, unless otherwise stated, to the key axis, which also corresponds to the lock cylinder axis in the locking system when the key is inserted. “Front” refers to the position towards the tip of the key, and “back” is the position towards the edge of the key.
  • Figure 1 shows an example of a key 1 with a key blade 11 and a key shaft 12.
  • the key 1 is a flat key in which the key shaft is essentially non-square rectangular in cross section perpendicular to a key axis 10, which means that it has two mutually parallel flat sides 21 and two narrow sides 22 smaller area than the flat sides 21 are defined. An edge 25 is formed between the flat sides 21 and the narrow sides 22.
  • Figure 1 also shows the Cartesian coordinate system used in this text, with the x-direction running parallel to the key axis and the z-direction perpendicular to the flat sides 21.
  • coding holes 31 running parallel to the key axis 10.
  • the key in the embodiment shown also has a profiling in the form of grooves 32 running parallel to the key axis.
  • a profiling in the form of grooves 32 running parallel to the key axis For example, basic profile grooves (which are always the same in the locking system and only exclude keys from other locking systems) and/or variation profile grooves (which form a coding) can be present.
  • the key shown is a reversible key, i.e. the key shaft is symmetrical with respect to a rotation of 180° around the key axis 10, and the codings on the front and rear flat sides 21 are correspondingly identical.
  • the key can also have a different number of rows of coding holes on the flat sides, for example 1, 3, 4, 5 or 6, instead of or in addition to the profiling, and / or it can also have coding holes on the narrow sides 22 have.
  • the key Towards the key tip 23, the key has an inlet ramp 24 that slopes obliquely forward, which enables the locking cylinder to have pins (e.g. tumblers) that scan the coding holes and which protrude further into the key channel than to the central plane, so that the coding holes potentially can have a depth greater than half the thickness of the key. This has a positive effect on the number of possible permutations.
  • pins e.g. tumblers
  • the transition 41 between the coding recess and the flat side 21 as well as the transition 42 between the coding recess and the narrow side 22 each have a substantially straight section 201 or 202 in the middle that extends parallel to the key axis, i.e. the coding recess 35 is in relation to the x- Direction elongated.
  • the coding recess extends to the front and back.
  • the coding recess is also symmetrical with respect to a central plane perpendicular to the key axis 10.
  • the flank 43 is essentially flat in the area between the straight sections 201 and 202 extending parallel to the key axis.
  • a flat first section 206 has a substantially constant extension along the depth in the x direction, that is, it can be delimited by two approximately parallel straight lines 203, 204. These straight lines can adjoin the first transition 41 at right angles at the ends of the first section 201 of the first transition 41, in particular in a projection onto the flat side 21.
  • the flat section 206 merges in the axial directions into a second and third section 207, 208, which is in the shape of a truncated cone section (in the example shown with a truncated cone tip towards the narrow side 22).
  • the second and third sections merge into a curved end 211, 212 of the coding recess 35 via a flatter surface section 209, 210.
  • a property of coding recesses 35 of the type described here is that they can be produced by a removal (in particular cutting) process from a flat side (or possibly a narrow side) using a rotating tool (drill, milling machine). It is therefore possible to produce the coding recesses 35, even though they are on the edge 25 and neither in the flat side nor in the narrow side, in the same operation and, for example, with the same tool as the coding holes 31.
  • Figure 3 illustrated which shows the key 1 clamped between two symbolically represented clamping jaws 51.
  • a drilling and/or milling tool 52 which rotates about a tool axis 53 perpendicular to the flat sides, can produce the coding recesses by removing them. Therefore, the key does not have to be changed between attaching the coding holes 31 and attaching the coding recess(s).
  • the tool axis 53 can be as in Fig. 3 shown lying laterally next to the key shaft, ie it is offset outwards in the y direction with respect to the corresponding narrow side 22, in the direction away from the key axis.
  • the coding recess is essentially milled, which has the advantages described in this text.
  • Creating a coding recess as in Fig. 1 and 2 shown is effected by moving the drilling and/or milling tool rotating about its tool axis from above and/or laterally to the key until an initial recess of sufficient depth is created, and then relative to the key shaft in the x direction or -x -Direction and, for example, also in the y-direction is moved until the coding recess has its final size.
  • Figures 4 and 5 show an alternative key 1, which is different from the one from Fig. 1 and 2 distinguished by the shape of the coding recesses 35.
  • the coding recesses 35 each have a small flat section 45 (“bottom”; see also) towards the narrow side 22, ie approximately parallel to the flat side Figure 9 , which shows one of the coding recesses enlarged).
  • the coding recesses 35 are in contrast to the embodiment Figures 1 and 2 concave towards the front and rear, ie the frustoconical section-shaped second and third sections 207, 208 each extend to the front and rear ends of the recess.
  • the intermediate first section 206 is in contrast to the embodiment Figures 1,2 and 8th not completely flat, but only approximately flat. Accordingly, the middle section 201 of the first transition 41 is only approximately parallel to the key axis. Strictly speaking, the middle section 206, like the second and third sections 207, 208, is in the shape of a truncated cone, but can be viewed as approximately flat due to its small extent in the x direction.
  • the coding recess is shown when the distance between the drilling and/or milling tool when creating the coding recess has a fixed y-position in relation to the key shank and makes a drilling movement (from above) several times at slightly different x-positions or after a Approaching from above is shifted in the x direction, with the y position fixed.
  • the creation takes place by moving a drilling and/or milling tool three times to correspondingly different x positions with an identical y position, to create the second section 207, the first section (middle section) 206 and the third section 208.
  • the recess is open to the outside in relation to the key axis and not inwards, ie a tangential plane to the surface delimiting the coding recess at these points points radially outwards in relation to the key axis or is at most parallel to the key axis, but it does not point radially inwards. Accordingly, a tangent 221 ( Fig.
  • the coding recess is not limited to the outside, which is why it is not possible for an unauthorized key copier, at least not without great effort, to determine at which y position the tool axis was, i.e. the coding recess was created.
  • Fig. 5 The depth t of the recess (extent in the z direction, ie perpendicular to the flat side) is also shown, which is approximately constant over an area b extending in the x direction, just like in Fig. 2 the case is.
  • Figures 6 and 7 show, in addition to the key, a lock cylinder 101.
  • the lock cylinder 101 has, in a manner known per se, a stator 103 and a rotor 104 mounted therein.
  • a key channel for inserting a flat key, for example a reversible key, is formed on the rotor 104. If the key is appropriately coded, the rotor 104 can be rotated relative to the stator 103 (around a lock cylinder axis parallel to the key axis).
  • the output unit which is not essential to the invention here and with which a bolt or other element is driven by the rotational movement of the rotor, is in Fig. 6 only partially shown.
  • a lock cylinder 100 with the key 1 in Fig. 1/2 or 4/5 illustrated type have at least one pin 111 which is mounted radially displaceably in the rotor 103 of the locking cylinder and which scans the coding recess.
  • the pin 111 is a profile pin (locking pin), which blocks rotation of the rotor 103 of the locking cylinder relative to its stator 104 if the coding recess is not present or is not in the right place or is not sufficiently large or sufficiently wide.
  • the principle of the invention can also be applied to other pins, for example tumblers of spring-loaded tumbler-counter-tumbler pairs or profile wobble pins, which also block if the coding recess is too deep, for example (or can block if a coding recess is present where no such coding recess should be present).
  • a special feature of the locking system can be that the pin 111 is at an angle to the key 1, which is both different from a perpendicular to the flat side 21 and different from a normal to the flank 43.
  • the angle ⁇ between the pin axis 121 and the flat side 21 is approximately 25°, while the normal to the flank 43 is at an angle of approximately 45° to it. In this way, the result is that the pin 111 does not hit the surface of the key 1 that it scans centrally, but rather acentrically.
  • two coding recesses of the same axial length are shown.
  • the invention is suitable for coding through a suitable choice of the number of coding recesses and of their dimensions.
  • the length (extension in the x direction) and/or the depth (extension in the y and z directions) can be varied Circumstances, when using different tools, also the flank angle - even if in many embodiments it is preferred that the flank angle is always the same.
  • each edge 25 corresponds to that of the edge that is diametrically opposite.

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  • Milling Processes (AREA)
  • Lock And Its Accessories (AREA)
EP22195335.9A 2021-09-14 2022-09-13 Schlüssel, schliesssystem, schliesszylinder und herstellungsverfahren Active EP4148212B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SI202230019T SI4148212T1 (sl) 2021-09-14 2022-09-13 Ključ, sistem zaklepanja, cilinder ključavnice in postopek izdelave

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH70267/21A CH718958A1 (de) 2021-09-14 2021-09-14 Flachschlüssel, Schliesssystem und Herstellungsverfahren.

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4148212A1 EP4148212A1 (de) 2023-03-15
EP4148212B1 true EP4148212B1 (de) 2023-10-25

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ID=83319351

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP22195335.9A Active EP4148212B1 (de) 2021-09-14 2022-09-13 Schlüssel, schliesssystem, schliesszylinder und herstellungsverfahren

Country Status (12)

Country Link
EP (1) EP4148212B1 (sl)
CN (1) CN117940645A (sl)
AU (1) AU2022345413A1 (sl)
CH (1) CH718958A1 (sl)
DK (1) DK4148212T3 (sl)
ES (1) ES2970212T3 (sl)
FI (1) FI4148212T3 (sl)
HU (1) HUE065283T2 (sl)
PL (1) PL4148212T3 (sl)
PT (1) PT4148212T (sl)
SI (1) SI4148212T1 (sl)
WO (1) WO2023041516A1 (sl)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102023121673B3 (de) 2023-08-14 2024-09-26 Assa Abloy Sicherheitstechnik Gmbh Flachschlüssel mit Kopierschutz

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT368795B (de) * 1981-02-02 1982-11-10 Evva Werke Zylinderschloss
CH669011A5 (de) * 1985-08-20 1989-02-15 Halter Sicherheitsschlossfabri Sicherheitsschloss.
US5615565A (en) * 1995-09-19 1997-04-01 Medeco Security Locks, Inc. Keys for cylinder locks
EP2126256B1 (en) * 2007-07-25 2013-04-17 "Mauer Locking Systems"Ltd Cylinder lock and associated key and key blank therefor
CA3168929A1 (en) * 2020-01-24 2021-07-29 Assa Abloy High Security Group Inc. Key and key blanks operable in vertically and horizontally oriented keyways

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2023041516A1 (de) 2023-03-23
FI4148212T3 (fi) 2024-01-19
CN117940645A (zh) 2024-04-26
HUE065283T2 (hu) 2024-05-28
EP4148212A1 (de) 2023-03-15
SI4148212T1 (sl) 2024-03-29
AU2022345413A1 (en) 2024-03-21
PT4148212T (pt) 2024-01-18
CH718958A1 (de) 2023-03-15
PL4148212T3 (pl) 2024-05-06
ES2970212T3 (es) 2024-05-27
DK4148212T3 (da) 2024-01-22

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