EP4127257B1 - Lithoband mit flacher topographie und daraus hergestellte druckplatte - Google Patents

Lithoband mit flacher topographie und daraus hergestellte druckplatte Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4127257B1
EP4127257B1 EP21713984.9A EP21713984A EP4127257B1 EP 4127257 B1 EP4127257 B1 EP 4127257B1 EP 21713984 A EP21713984 A EP 21713984A EP 4127257 B1 EP4127257 B1 EP 4127257B1
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Prior art keywords
printing plate
filter
aluminium alloy
alloy strip
mean
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EP21713984.9A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
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EP4127257C0 (de
EP4127257A1 (de
Inventor
Oliver Bauer
Gernot NITZSCHE
Volkan BARISIK
Vera Bartosinski
Jasmin DAHMEN
Klaus WEICHBRODT
Jan Hendrik HOLTZ
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Speira GmbH
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Speira GmbH
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41N—PRINTING PLATES OR FOILS; MATERIALS FOR SURFACES USED IN PRINTING MACHINES FOR PRINTING, INKING, DAMPING, OR THE LIKE; PREPARING SUCH SURFACES FOR USE AND CONSERVING THEM
    • B41N1/00—Printing plates or foils; Materials therefor
    • B41N1/04—Printing plates or foils; Materials therefor metallic
    • B41N1/08—Printing plates or foils; Materials therefor metallic for lithographic printing
    • B41N1/083—Printing plates or foils; Materials therefor metallic for lithographic printing made of aluminium or aluminium alloys or having such surface layers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the use of an aluminum alloy strip for producing lithographic printing plates or for producing printing plates for waterless offset printing, an aluminum alloy strip for lithographic printing plate supports, which has a rolled surface topography on at least one strip surface, a method for producing the aluminum alloy strip and a printing plate for lithographic printing or waterless offset printing having a printing plate carrier made of an aluminum alloy.
  • lithographic tapes ie aluminum alloy tapes for lithographic printing plate supports.
  • Litho tapes are usually subjected to an electrochemical roughening step, which should result in a comprehensive roughening and a homogeneous appearance.
  • the roughened structure is important for the imaging layer of the printing plate supports made from the lithographic tapes.
  • a particularly flat surface of the lithographic strips is required.
  • the topography of the litho strip surface is essentially a replica of the roll topography of the last cold rolling pass. Elevations and depressions in the roller surface lead to grooves or ridges in the lithographic strip surface, which can be partially retained in the further manufacturing steps for producing the printing plate carriers.
  • the quality of the litho belt surface and thus the printing plate carrier is determined by the quality of the roller surface and thus, on the one hand, by the grinding practice during the surface treatment of the rollers and, on the other hand, by the ongoing wear of the rollers.
  • the strip surface is processed using a pickling process with a specific pickling removal and then has a topography whose maximum peak height Rp and/or Sp is a maximum of 1.4 ⁇ m, preferably a maximum of 1.2 ⁇ m, in particular a maximum of 1.0 ⁇ m, amounts.
  • the litho strips are pickled after rolling in order to remove disturbing oxide islands on the surface of the strips and thereby improve the subsequent electrochemical roughening.
  • the EP 0 778 158 A1 discloses printing plate carriers with a roughened and anodized surface, which have a maximum tip height Rp of up to 4 ⁇ m.
  • the Japanese patent application JP 2015 004095 A discloses an aluminum alloy sheet for a can body of a beverage can and its production.
  • the use of aluminum alloy tapes for lithographic printing plate supports is not disclosed.
  • the Chinese patent application CN 110102580 A also relates only to a method for producing an aluminum alloy strip from the aluminum alloy of type 1100 in the H14 condition for the production of high-quality cosmetic bottle caps and therefore not to lithographic printing plate carriers or lithographic printing plates themselves.
  • the Japanese patent application JP 2002 224710 A relates to the production of an aluminum alloy foil.
  • the only mention of these films is their use as packaging material for chemicals and food.
  • US patent application US 2019/0076897 A1 relates to the production of an aluminum foil for ultraviolet reflective materials.
  • the use of aluminum alloy tapes for lithographic printing plate supports is also not disclosed in the cited US patent application.
  • EP 1 172 228 A2 are known printing plate carriers for lithographic printing plates.
  • the aforementioned European patent application only discloses the surface properties of roughened aluminum alloy printing plates coated with a photosensitive coating.
  • the aluminum alloy strip is usually electrochemically roughened to produce the printing plate supports.
  • a reduction in the charge carrier input required to uniformly roughen the surface of the printing plate support facing the imaging coating would also be desirable.
  • the height of the largest profile peak of the roughness profile Rp (short: peak height), the depth of the largest profile valley Rv (short: trough depth) and the peak number RPc are defined in DIN EN ISO 4287 and DIN EN 10049 as well as the bearing fraction Smr (c) and the aspect ratio of the surface texture Str defined in DIN EN ISO 25178.
  • the surface parameters Ra, Rp, Rv, RPc, Smr (c) and Str mentioned here refer to optical surface measurements with a measuring area of at least 4.5 mm x 4.5 mm, which are carried out with a confocal microscope (lateral measuring point distance 1.6 ⁇ m or smaller) are measured and determined using analysis software. For this purpose, optical surface measurements of the parameters were carried out on three measuring surfaces of the specified size and the arithmetic mean of the respective parameters was determined.
  • the profile parameters Ra, Rp, Rv and RPc are calculated for each measuring surface perpendicular to the rolling direction as arithmetic mean values from the available profile sections of the areal measurement.
  • the measurement data is prepared by one Shape compensation with a second-order polynomial (F filter).
  • the isotropy of the roughening of the printing plate support can be specified by the aspect ratio of the surface texture Str according to DIN EN ISO 25178.
  • the Str value the number of measuring points on the measuring surface is scaled to a power of 2.
  • the scaled numerical values are calculated using a resampling operation.
  • the average peak number RPc measured perpendicular to the rolling direction, typically indicates the number of protruding areas on the aluminum alloy strip that are present as rolling webs
  • the arithmetic average roughness value Ra and the average peak height Rp provide information about the height of these elevations in the topography of the aluminum alloy strip or the printing plate carrier.
  • This means that the area proportion of the protruding areas of the surface, for example, the surface portions oriented in the rolling direction, indicated above the cutting line c +0.25 ⁇ m in the material proportion curve of the aluminum alloy strip or the printing plate carrier.
  • the ratio of the mean peak height Rp and the mean trough depth Rv provides information about whether the surface topography is dominated by troughs (values ⁇ 1) or peaks (values > 1).
  • the ratio Rp/Rv is almost independent of the charge carrier input during electrochemical roughening.
  • the object of the present invention is therefore to propose a use of an aluminum alloy strip for lithographic printing plates as well as for printing plates for waterless offset printing and an aluminum alloy strip for lithographic printing plate supports, which, despite decreasing thickness of the imaging coating, provides a long service life in the printing process and can be roughened with less charge carrier entry .
  • the invention is intended to provide a method for producing the aluminum alloy strips with the desired properties and to provide printing plates, in particular "development-on-press" printing plates or printing plates for waterless offset printing with a long service life.
  • the aluminum strips according to the invention are therefore particularly preferably used as printing plate supports for “development on press” printing plates and for printing plates for waterless offset printing.
  • the surface of the aluminum alloy strip also has an average peak height Rp of a maximum of 1.1 ⁇ m, preferably 0.45 ⁇ m to 1.1 ⁇ m.
  • the also reduced average center height Rp further ensures that rolling webs, if they are present, are reduced in height and contribute to improving service life.
  • an optical surface roughness measurement is carried out.
  • the height data is available in the form of a matrix a with the dimension NxM.
  • the matrix is transformed using a discrete Fast Fourier Transformation (FFT) into the frequency space in which the surface components that extend in the rolling direction and perpendicular to the rolling direction can be separated.
  • FFT Fast Fourier Transformation
  • the thickness of the aluminum alloy strip is preferably 0.10 mm to 0.5 mm, preferably 0.10 mm to 0.4 mm.
  • aluminum strips with thicknesses of 0.10 mm to 0.4 mm are used for lithographic printing plate supports.
  • Special formats also use thicknesses between 0.4 mm and 0.5 mm.
  • An Si content of 0.02% by weight to 0.50% by weight also influences the appearance of electrochemically roughened printing plate supports. If the Si content is less than 0.02% by weight, electrochemical roughening results in too many depressions that are too small in the aluminum strip. If the Si content is too high, above 0.50% by weight, the number of depressions in the roughened aluminum strip is too small and the distribution is inhomogeneous.
  • An Si content of 0.02% by weight ⁇ Si ⁇ 0.25% by weight is preferably used.
  • the Cu content is ⁇ 0.05% by weight, preferably ⁇ 0.01% by weight.
  • Iron contributes to the mechanical and thermal strength of the aluminum alloy strips, so 0.2% to 1% by weight of iron is permissible. If the content is further increased, the roughening behavior during electrochemical roughening deteriorates.
  • a preferred Fe content is between 0.2% by weight to 0.6% by weight or 0.4% by weight to 0.6% by weight.
  • the aluminum alloy therefore has a Mg content of 0.05% by weight ⁇ Mg ⁇ 0.6% by weight. In the preferred range of 0.1% by weight ⁇ Mg ⁇ 0.4% by weight or 0.25 to 0.4% by weight, strips with high strength in the rolled-hard state and reliable roughening behavior can be provided.
  • Manganese increases the thermal strength of the aluminum alloy strip, it also increases the charge carrier input necessary for the electrochemical roughening of the printing plate carrier made from the aluminum alloy strip. Manganese is therefore limited to 0.3% by weight, preferably ⁇ 0.1% by weight, particularly preferably ⁇ 0.05% by weight.
  • Cr, Zn and Ti are also limited.
  • the contents are Cr ⁇ 0.01% by weight, Zn ⁇ 0.1% by weight, preferably ⁇ 0.05% by weight and Ti ⁇ 0.05% by weight.
  • the aluminum alloy strip is in the hard-rolled state.
  • This achieves improved handling in the production of printing plate carriers. Due to the magnesium content, the aluminum alloy strips have relatively high strength in these states, so that good processing during electrochemical roughening and during the application of the imaging layer in the strip-shaped state is possible.
  • hard-rolled states for example, state H18 produced by cold rolling with intermediate annealing or H19 produced by cold rolling without intermediate annealing are preferably used.
  • a method for producing an aluminum alloy strip according to the invention in which a Rolling ingots are cast from an aluminum alloy for lithographic printing plate supports, the rolling ingots are optionally preheated or homogenized before hot rolling, the rolling ingots are hot-rolled into a hot strip and the hot strip is then cold-rolled to the final thickness with or without intermediate annealing, a work roll being used in the last cold-rolling pass, which has an average roughness Ra of less than 0.18 ⁇ m, preferably less than 0.17 ⁇ m or preferably a maximum of 0.15 ⁇ m.
  • the surface topography of a litho strip is essentially determined by the surface topography of the work roll in the last cold rolling pass.
  • the method according to the invention can be used to produce an aluminum alloy strip which can be further processed into printing plate supports with improved service life in printing.
  • the long service lives in printing are also achieved with “development-on-press” printing plates or with printing plates for waterless offset printing, which have particularly thin imaging coatings.
  • the average roughness Ra of the work rolls is determined according to DIN EN ISO 4287, with the roll surfaces according to the invention at least parallel to the longitudinal axis of the work roll having an average roughness Ra of less than 0.18 ⁇ m, preferably less than 0.17 ⁇ m or preferably a maximum of 0.15 ⁇ m exhibit.
  • the work roll in the last cold rolling pass has a roll surface with an average trough depth Rv measured parallel to the longitudinal axis of the work roll of a maximum of 1.2 ⁇ m.
  • a work roll is used in the last cold rolling pass which has an average roughness Ra of at least 0.07 ⁇ m, preferably at least 0.10 ⁇ m, then, contrary to previous assumptions, slippage between the roll and the litho strip can be reliably avoided and a stable production process can be provided become.
  • the degree of rolling in the last cold rolling pass is at least 20%, preferably at least 30%, in order to achieve sufficient imprinting of the surface topography of the roll surface in the last cold rolling pass.
  • the degree of rolling in the last cold rolling pass is a maximum of 65%, preferably a maximum of 60%.
  • At least the surface of the printing plate support facing the imaging layer has a ratio of the average after the electrochemical roughening of the printing plate support Peak height to mean trough depth Rp/Rv of a maximum of 0.45, preferably a maximum of 0.4.
  • the specified ratio of mean peak height to mean trough depth defines a topography of the surface of the printing plate support facing the imaging coating, in which the mean peak height is lower by more than a factor of 2 in relation to the mean trough depth.
  • the topography of the printing plate carrier is therefore dominated by troughs and is very flat in the direction of the imaging coating, which significantly improves the service life of thin coatings in printing, for example coatings of "development-on-press" printing plates or printing plates for waterless offset printing .
  • At least the side of the printing plate support facing the imaging layer preferably has an average peak height Rp of less than 1.2 ⁇ m, preferably a maximum of 1.1 ⁇ m or preferably a maximum of 1 ⁇ m.
  • the printing plate carriers can additionally be roughened homogeneously or isotropically with less charge carrier input.
  • Aluminum alloy strips according to the invention showed high aspect ratios of the surface texture Str even with low charge carrier input.
  • at least the surface of the printing plate support facing the imaging layer after electrochemical roughening with a charge carrier input of at least 500 C/dm 2 has an aspect ratio of the surface texture Str according to DIN EN ISO 25178 of at least 50%.
  • the aspect ratio Str of the surface texture is a measure of the uniformity of the Surface texture. With a value of 100% or 1, the surface texture is isotropic, i.e. independent of direction.
  • the printing plate carriers according to the invention therefore provide a high aspect ratio Str of the surface texture even with low charge carrier input, so that the effort for electrochemical roughening can be reduced.
  • the printing plate can thus be produced at lower costs.
  • a printing plate for waterless offset printing has a printing plate carrier made from an aluminum alloy strip according to the invention.
  • the imaging coatings of printing plates for waterless offset printing also have particularly small thicknesses, so that the service life of the printing plates for waterless offset printing benefits particularly from the surface topography of the aluminum alloy strip.
  • printing plate supports for printing plates for waterless offset printing are not electrochemically roughened before they are image-coated.
  • the production was carried out by casting a rolling billet, homogenizing the rolling billet at 450 to 610 ° C for at least 1 hour, hot rolling the rolling billet into a hot strip with a thickness of approximately 2 - 7 mm and cold rolling the hot strip with or without intermediate annealing to the final thickness.
  • the lithographic strips according to the invention were Fig. 5 - 8 a work roll is used whose surface topography has an arithmetic average roughness Ra according to DIN ISO 4287 of less than 0.18 ⁇ m, preferably had a maximum of 0.17 ⁇ m or a maximum of 0.15 ⁇ m.
  • the average trough depth Rv of the surface of the work rolls of the exemplary embodiments according to the invention was a maximum of 1.2 ⁇ m.
  • the comparison lithobes in Fig. 1 - 4 On the other hand, they were cold rolled with a work roll in the last cold rolling pass, which had an arithmetic average roughness value Ra of 0.22 ⁇ m - 0.25 ⁇ m. The average trough depth Rv was also higher at a maximum of 1.6 ⁇ m than in the work rolls to be used according to the invention.
  • the sheets produced in this way were roughened electrochemically in HCl as an electrolyte with different charge carrier inputs from 400 C/dm 2 to 800 C/dm 2 .
  • the height values of the optically measured measuring surfaces are in the Fig. 1-8 shown in false colors, with depressions assigned gray to black tones and elevations assigned light gray to white gray tones. With the human eye, differences can be seen on the measuring surfaces shown in this way even when they are not roughened.
  • the litho strips according to the invention therefore have a surface that is significantly less structured in the rolling direction. This effect becomes stronger as the roughening increases.
  • All measured values Rp, RPc, Rv, Ra, Smr and Str of the exemplary embodiments and comparative examples were measured optically on three measuring surfaces measuring 4.5 mm x 4.5 mm with a confocal microscope and determined using analysis software (Digital Surf MountainsMap® ) .
  • the measuring surfaces were randomly arranged on the belts and the printing plate supports in a DIN A4 area. The corresponding areas of the bands were free of surface damage.
  • the arithmetic mean of the three measuring surfaces was calculated for each parameter, with the profile parameters within the measuring surfaces perpendicular to the Rolling direction Rp, RPc, Rv, Ra were calculated as arithmetic mean values.
  • the measurement data was prepared using shape compensation with a second-order polynomial (F filter).
  • the litho strips a, b, c, d and m were manufactured identically by the above process starting with casting a rolling ingot, homogenizing the rolling ingot, hot rolling the rolling ingot and cold rolling the hot strip to final thickness with intermediate annealing (H18) and without intermediate annealing (H19). .
  • the resulting thicknesses, the material conditions and the arithmetic average roughness values Ra of the surfaces of the resulting lithobes are given in Table 1.
  • the different roll topographies used in the final cold rolling pass can be seen in Table 7.
  • the litho strips according to the invention were therefore cold rolled in the last cold rolling pass with a work roll with a roll surface which, according to Table 7, had an arithmetic mean roughness Ra of 0.11 ⁇ m to 0.17 ⁇ m, with the specified rolling degrees.
  • the average trough depth Rv was measured to be less than 1.2 ⁇ m.
  • the degree of rolling was in the inventive range of at least 20%. Furthermore, the degree of rolling at a maximum of 55% was also below 60% or even below 65%, so that as a result good surface properties were achieved with the lowest possible number of stitches.
  • the arithmetic mean roughness value Ra of the roll surface of the work roll in the last cold rolling pass of the comparison strips was between 0.22 ⁇ m and 0.25 ⁇ m.
  • the average trough depth Rv was also significantly higher at a maximum of 1.6 ⁇ m than in the work rolls used according to the invention.
  • the production of the exemplary embodiments according to the invention showed a stable production process, without any disruptions occurring during cold rolling due to slippage between the cold roll and the litho strip being rolled.
  • the aluminum strips a, b, c, d and m according to the invention also showed mean peak numbers RPc measured perpendicular to the rolling direction of significantly less than 50 cm -1 .
  • mean peak numbers RPc measured perpendicular to the rolling direction of significantly less than 50 cm -1 .
  • the comparison strips were, however, significantly higher than the results of the aluminum strips according to the invention.
  • the average peak height Rp for the aluminum alloy strips according to the invention was also significantly below the average peak heights Rp of the comparison strips, which had at least 0.88 ⁇ m as the average peak height Rp, the low average peak height Rp being due to the lower trough depth Rv of the roll surface is returned.
  • Fig. 9 shows an example of how the load-bearing fraction Smr (c) can be determined from a material fraction curve in the form of an Abbott curve for a value c.
  • the c value is read on the Z axis, which corresponds to a height value of the surface topography.
  • the optical measurement results of a roughness measurement are subjected to a Fourier transformation and only the surface portions oriented in the rolling direction are transformed back.
  • the printing plate supports made from aluminum strips according to the invention showed a significantly improved service life in printing when using “development-on-press” coatings compared to the comparative examples. This is attributed to the differences in surface topography. It is assumed that the same applies to printing plates for waterless offset printing.
  • the properties of the aluminum strips during electrochemical roughening were checked with HCl as electrolyte, using different charge carrier inputs.
  • concentration of the electrolyte was 6g HCl per liter and 1g/L Al 3+ in the form of AlCh at 25 to 30 °C with a current density of 20 A/dm 2 and alternating current.
  • the electrochemical roughening also has an impact on other surface parameters of the aluminum alloy strip surface facing the imaging coating of the printing plate.
  • the aluminum strips according to the invention also showed a ratio Rp/Rv of a maximum of 0.45, with most values being below 0.41. As expected, there was very little dependence on the charge carrier input during electrochemical roughening. The comparison examples were significantly above these values. Only in comparative example f could a value of 0.43 be measured at 400 C/dm 2 and 500 C/dm 2 charge carrier entry.
  • the printing plate carriers according to the invention made from the test tapes a, b, c, d and m had a ratio Rp/Rv of 0.40 to 0.34 from 600 C/dm 2 and thus a significantly lower Rp/Rv ratio than the comparison bands.
  • the surface topographies of the printing plate carriers according to the invention were therefore even flatter than with printing plate carriers made from the comparison tapes.
  • the investigations into the aspect ratio of the surface texture Str after electrochemical roughening revealed significant differences.
  • the aspect ratio Str is a measure of the isotropy of the roughened surface.
  • the value Str reaches 100% with a completely isotropic surface.
  • the printing plate supports a, b, c, d and m produced from test tapes according to the invention can provide an aspect ratio of the surface texture Str of at least 20% at 400 C/dm 2 or at least 50% at 500 C/dm 2
  • the comparison tapes only show this at 700 C/dm 2 an aspect ratio of the surface texture Str of at least 20%.
  • the aluminum strips according to the invention can provide isotropically roughened surfaces with less charge carrier input and can therefore be processed more economically into printing plates.
  • the printing plates according to the invention also provide a longer service life, even for printing plates with very thin imaging coatings.
  • Table 1 Composition of the test strips in% by weight, balance Al, unavoidable impurities individually maximum 0.05% by weight, in total maximum 0.15% by weight, arithmetic average roughness Ra defined in DIN EN 10049 perpendicular to the rolling direction, condition H18 with Intermediate annealing, condition H19 without intermediate annealing during cold rolling.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
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  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Printing Plates And Materials Therefor (AREA)
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EP21713984.9A 2020-03-26 2021-03-26 Lithoband mit flacher topographie und daraus hergestellte druckplatte Active EP4127257B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP20165738 2020-03-26
PCT/EP2021/057948 WO2021191425A1 (de) 2020-03-26 2021-03-26 Lithoband mit flacher topographie und daraus hergestellte druckplatte

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EP4127257A1 EP4127257A1 (de) 2023-02-08
EP4127257C0 EP4127257C0 (de) 2024-03-13
EP4127257B1 true EP4127257B1 (de) 2024-03-13

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US (1) US11807027B2 (zh)
EP (1) EP4127257B1 (zh)
JP (1) JP2023515242A (zh)
KR (1) KR102604655B1 (zh)
CN (1) CN115349022B (zh)
BR (1) BR112022019120A2 (zh)
ES (1) ES2976814T3 (zh)
WO (1) WO2021191425A1 (zh)

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US11807027B2 (en) 2023-11-07
KR20220149759A (ko) 2022-11-08
CN115349022A (zh) 2022-11-15
EP4127257C0 (de) 2024-03-13
CN115349022B (zh) 2024-07-09
JP2023515242A (ja) 2023-04-12
EP4127257A1 (de) 2023-02-08
ES2976814T3 (es) 2024-08-08
US20230086926A1 (en) 2023-03-23
KR102604655B1 (ko) 2023-11-21
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