EP4110979A1 - Verfahren zur herstellung von spinnvlies - Google Patents
Verfahren zur herstellung von spinnvliesInfo
- Publication number
- EP4110979A1 EP4110979A1 EP21706949.1A EP21706949A EP4110979A1 EP 4110979 A1 EP4110979 A1 EP 4110979A1 EP 21706949 A EP21706949 A EP 21706949A EP 4110979 A1 EP4110979 A1 EP 4110979A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- spinning
- spinneret
- spinning mass
- transverse direction
- basis weight
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F2/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivatives; Manufacture thereof
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B13/00—Machines or plants for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces of objects or other work by spraying, not covered by groups B05B1/00 - B05B11/00
- B05B13/02—Means for supporting work; Arrangement or mounting of spray heads; Adaptation or arrangement of means for feeding work
- B05B13/0207—Means for supporting work; Arrangement or mounting of spray heads; Adaptation or arrangement of means for feeding work the work being an elongated body, e.g. wire or pipe
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
- B05B7/02—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge
- B05B7/08—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with separate outlet orifices, e.g. to form parallel jets, i.e. the axis of the jets being parallel, to form intersecting jets, i.e. the axis of the jets converging but not necessarily intersecting at a point
- B05B7/0884—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with separate outlet orifices, e.g. to form parallel jets, i.e. the axis of the jets being parallel, to form intersecting jets, i.e. the axis of the jets converging but not necessarily intersecting at a point the outlet orifices for jets constituted by a liquid or a mixture containing a liquid being aligned
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B9/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent material, without essentially mixing with gas or vapour
- B05B9/03—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent material, without essentially mixing with gas or vapour characterised by means for supplying liquid or other fluent material
- B05B9/04—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent material, without essentially mixing with gas or vapour characterised by means for supplying liquid or other fluent material with pressurised or compressible container; with pump
- B05B9/0403—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent material, without essentially mixing with gas or vapour characterised by means for supplying liquid or other fluent material with pressurised or compressible container; with pump with pumps for liquids or other fluent material
- B05B9/0406—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent material, without essentially mixing with gas or vapour characterised by means for supplying liquid or other fluent material with pressurised or compressible container; with pump with pumps for liquids or other fluent material with several pumps
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B9/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent material, without essentially mixing with gas or vapour
- B05B9/03—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent material, without essentially mixing with gas or vapour characterised by means for supplying liquid or other fluent material
- B05B9/04—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent material, without essentially mixing with gas or vapour characterised by means for supplying liquid or other fluent material with pressurised or compressible container; with pump
- B05B9/0403—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent material, without essentially mixing with gas or vapour characterised by means for supplying liquid or other fluent material with pressurised or compressible container; with pump with pumps for liquids or other fluent material
- B05B9/0423—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent material, without essentially mixing with gas or vapour characterised by means for supplying liquid or other fluent material with pressurised or compressible container; with pump with pumps for liquids or other fluent material for supplying liquid or other fluent material to several spraying apparatus
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D1/00—Treatment of filament-forming or like material
- D01D1/06—Feeding liquid to the spinning head
- D01D1/09—Control of pressure, temperature or feeding rate
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D4/00—Spinnerette packs; Cleaning thereof
- D01D4/02—Spinnerettes
- D01D4/025—Melt-blowing or solution-blowing dies
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D4/00—Spinnerette packs; Cleaning thereof
- D01D4/06—Distributing spinning solution or melt to spinning nozzles
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/08—Melt spinning methods
- D01D5/098—Melt spinning methods with simultaneous stretching
- D01D5/0985—Melt spinning methods with simultaneous stretching by means of a flowing gas (e.g. melt-blowing)
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/12—Stretch-spinning methods
- D01D5/14—Stretch-spinning methods with flowing liquid or gaseous stretching media, e.g. solution-blowing
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D7/00—Collecting the newly-spun products
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
- D04H3/013—Regenerated cellulose series
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
- D04H3/02—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of yarns or filaments
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
- D04H3/02—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of yarns or filaments
- D04H3/03—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of yarns or filaments at random
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
- D04H3/08—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating
- D04H3/10—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between yarns or filaments made mechanically
- D04H3/11—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between yarns or filaments made mechanically by fluid jet
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
- D04H3/08—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating
- D04H3/16—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between thermoplastic filaments produced in association with filament formation, e.g. immediately following extrusion
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06H—MARKING, INSPECTING, SEAMING OR SEVERING TEXTILE MATERIALS
- D06H7/00—Apparatus or processes for cutting, or otherwise severing, specially adapted for the cutting, or otherwise severing, of textile materials
- D06H7/04—Apparatus or processes for cutting, or otherwise severing, specially adapted for the cutting, or otherwise severing, of textile materials longitudinally
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2201/00—Cellulose-based fibres, e.g. vegetable fibres
- D10B2201/20—Cellulose-derived artificial fibres
- D10B2201/22—Cellulose-derived artificial fibres made from cellulose solutions
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for the production of spunbond, in which a spinning mass is extruded through a plurality of nozzle holes of at least one spinneret to form filaments and the filaments are each stretched in the direction of extrusion, the filaments being deposited on a perforated conveyor to form a spunbond and wherein the nozzle holes of the spinneret are arranged along a main axis oriented in a transverse direction to the conveying direction of the conveying device, so that the spunbonded nonwoven formed on the conveying device extends in this transverse direction.
- Devices for the production of spunbonded nonwovens are normally designed for a certain product width or spinning width. All plant components are designed for this product range.
- the nonwoven web is usually cut across its width into a large number of narrow strips. The design is done in advance so that the smallest possible edge cut is created. For various technical applications, depending on the number and width of the strips to be cut, larger amounts of waste can arise. In order to avoid large amounts of waste, it is advisable to reduce the spinning width.
- CN 101550611 B describes a modular series of spinnerets for spunbond production, in which each nozzle module has its own supply line for the melt. In this way, the entire spinning width can be reduced or enlarged at least in accordance with the width of a module by switching the respective spinning pump of the module on or off.
- practice shows that placing the modules down leads to the melt in the the respective module is thermally damaged, the nozzle holes are clogged by the damaged melt and switching the modules on and off is problematic in everyday production.
- the spinning width can be changed by means of distribution plates and subsequent shorter or longer extrusion plates. However, this can only be done by removing the spinneret and not during operation. The downtime for changing the plates and the spinnerets and the mechanical engineering effort have a negative effect on the profitability of such systems.
- No. 7,438,544 describes a device for setting the spinning widths in meltblown spinnerets, in which the melt and the primary air can be switched on and off in a modular manner. Shut-off devices are used for this and the melt is prevented from flowing further.
- this variant also has the disadvantage of degrading the quality of the melt, since it is locked in at high temperatures over a long period of time.
- thermal decomposition occurs at these points and both the melt and the distributor block and the spinneret material suffer as a result.
- the extrusion holes become clogged and re-spinning of the modules that were previously parked is problematic.
- long dwell times or even a standstill of the spinning mass should be avoided, since the spinning mass could otherwise react exothermically.
- thermoplastic spunbonded webs Since the spinning masses used have a pulp content of 3 to 17%, cellulosi see spunbonded web technologies to achieve the same productivity, a larger amount of spunbonded material is required than in the production of thermoplastic spunbonded webs. This means that larger spinning pumps, pipelines, manifold blocks and primary air lines have to be used with the same productivity compared to thermoplastic spunbond systems.
- the state of the art does not offer a reliable solution, especially for the production of cellulosic spunbond, for adjusting the spinning width of the spunbond during operation and at the same time keeping the weight per unit area of the spunbond constant in the event of fluctuations in the spinning mass.
- the object of the present invention is therefore to provide a method of the type mentioned at the outset which enables the spinning width and the weight per unit area distribution of the spunbonded nonwoven to be set reliably, or to keep the weight per unit area constant during operation.
- the invention achieves the stated problem in that the spinning mass throughput of the nozzle holes is set variably along the transverse direction.
- the weight per unit area distribution of the spunbond can be kept constant over its entire width by changing and adapting the spunbond throughput.Thus, fluctuations in the spinning mass or in the permeability of the spinning nozzles can be reliably reacted to, thereby improving the quality of the spunbond.
- the spinning mass throughput along the transverse direction of the spunbonded web several areas with different surface weights can be created, whereby a very versatile spunbonded web can be created for a large number of possible applications.
- a spunbonded nonwoven can be created which has a plurality of parallel, thicker strips with a high basis weight and interposed thinner strips with a lower basis weight in the transverse direction.
- a spunbonded nonwoven with a thickness that starts from the edge and increases uniformly in the transverse direction can be created.
- the method according to the invention can also be used to create a spunbonded nonwoven which realizes several of the aspects described above. A versatile and reliable method for producing a spunbonded nonwoven with an adjustable basis weight distribution can thus be provided.
- the method according to the invention results in numerous improvements and advantages with regard to the economy and the operation of the production process as well as the product quality of the spunbonded nonwoven.
- both the costs and the complexity of the systems for carrying out the method can be significantly reduced.
- such a system does not have to resort to the complex and error-prone use of numerous small interconnected spinneret modules with a large number of associated spinning mass pumps in order to adjust the basis weight distribution of the cellulosic spunbonded web.
- spinnerets which allow the spinning mass throughput to be changed in the transverse direction, structurally simple and inexpensive methods for producing the spunbond can be provided.
- variable spinning mass throughput of the nozzle holes can be controlled reliably and in a simple manner in terms of process technology.
- the spinning mass throughput in the cooled or heated areas can be reduced or increased in a targeted manner without negatively affecting the stability and freedom from defects of the spinning process, the deposition of the spunbond or the spinning material quality to be influenced.
- the production of cellulosi spunbonded fabrics from Lyocell spinning mass takes place at relatively low temperatures of around 100 ° C compared to thermoplastic melts.
- the reliability of the method can be further improved if the pressure distribution of the spinning mass in the spinneret is changed in order to control the spinning mass throughput of the nozzle holes, which is variable in the transverse direction.
- the pressure distribution of the spinning mass in the spinneret is changed in order to control the spinning mass throughput of the nozzle holes, which is variable in the transverse direction.
- a pressure distribution that is variable along the transverse direction can be set in a process-technically simple manner.
- the advantages mentioned above can be further improved if the spinning nozzle is constructed in several parts in the transverse direction, with at least one spinning mass pump being assigned to each part of the spinning nozzle.
- the economic efficiency of the method can be further improved.
- the method according to the invention makes it possible, in particular, to minimize an amount of edge cuts while maintaining the same spinning width of the spunbonded nonwoven, for example if a spunbonded nonwoven with a smaller width is to be produced.
- the finished spunbonded web which has the same weight per unit area over the entire width, is usually cut to the desired width in processes according to the prior art, whereby a high level of waste is incurred and thus the yield of the process is reduced.
- the weight per unit area in the edge cut area is lower or significantly reduced compared to the weight per unit area of the rest of the spunbonded nonwoven, so that no significant amounts are incurred as waste.
- the production speed for the spunbonded nonwoven can be increased, as a result of which the economic efficiency of the process can be further improved.
- the reduction of the weight per unit area in the edge cut area can also be carried out with the method according to the invention during ongoing operation without having to change spinning nozzles, spinning nozzle parts, spinning mass pumps or spinning mass distributors.
- no shut-off devices have to be installed which create dead spaces and which, in the case of cellulosic spunbonded nonwovens, can lead to thermal degradation of the spinning mass and possibly to exothermic reactions.
- the reduction of the waste in the edge cut area can be controlled with the help of a temperature profile in such a way that the weight per unit area of the edge cut can be radically reduced and thereby not the edge cut width, but the edge cut amount is significantly reduced over time.
- the weight per unit area of the spunbonded nonwoven in the edge cut area can preferably be reduced by at least 80%, particularly preferably by at least 90%, compared to the weight per unit area of the spunbonded nonwoven in the useful area.
- the advantages mentioned above come into play particularly when the weight per unit area of the spunbonded nonwoven in the edge cut area is less than or equal to 5 g / m 2 .
- the reliability of the method can be further improved, since a constant spinning mass flow through the spinnerets can be maintained despite the greatly reduced weight per unit area in the edge cutting area.
- a spunbond with a total width of 300 cm is to be set to a useful area of 260 cm.
- the weight per unit area in the edge cut area can be reduced to less than 5 g / m 2 over a width of 40 cm, the weight per unit area of the spunbonded nonwoven being 50 g / m 2 in the useful area.
- a 40 cm wide strip with 50 g / m 2 would result as an edge cut in the edge cut area.
- the amount of edge cut in this example can be reduced by 90% from 50 g / m 2 to 5 g / m 2.
- the cellulosic spunbonded nonwovens with 5 g / m 3 to 1000 g / m 2 , preferably with 10 g / m 2 to 500 g / m 2 , particularly preferably with 15 g / m 2 to 250 g / m 2 and adjust and regulate the basis weight distribution.
- the weight per unit area of the cut edge areas can be reduced to up to 5 g / m 2 and the proportion of cut edge areas can make up between 1% and 50%, preferably between 2% and 30%, particularly preferably between 3% and 20% of the spinning width of the spinnerets .
- the reliability of the method can be further improved if the actual basis weight distribution of the spunbonded nonwoven is measured, the difference between the actual basis weight distribution and a predefined target basis weight distribution is determined and the spinning mass throughput of the nozzle holes is set variably in the transverse direction depending on the determined difference.
- the inventive adjustment of the spinning mass throughput in the transverse direction of the spinneret can be used to adapt the actual basis weight distribution to a given target basis weight distribution in the nonwoven and to keep it constant by means of the inventive method.
- the actual weight per unit area distribution of the spunbonded nonwoven is continuously determined and compared with a target area weight distribution (which changes over time).
- the spinning mass throughput of the nozzle holes is then set or adapted as a function of the difference between the measured actual basis weight distribution and the specified target basis weight distribution. This can be done, for example, as stated above, by changing the temperature of the spinneret or by changing the spinning mass pressure.
- the conveying speed of the conveying device can be set as a function of the difference between the actual basis weight distribution and the predefined target basis weight distribution. This is particularly advantageous if it is not used Alteration of the spinning mass throughput, the weight per unit area of the spunbonded nonwoven is to be increased or reduced.
- the production speed can also be adapted to the spinning mass throughput
- the actual weight per unit area distribution of the spunbond can advantageously be measured by means of a detection device.
- a detection device can be composed of a number of cameras, optical sensors (for example lasers), mechanical sensors and / or non-contact and non-destructive measuring sensors (for example ultrasonic sensors).
- a control unit connected to the detection device can determine the difference between the actual basis weight distribution measured by the detection device and the target basis weight distribution stored in the control unit. Depending on the determined difference, the control unit can then output at least one control signal for changing the variable spinning mass throughput of the nozzle holes to a spinning mass control device regulating the temperature distribution and / or the pressure distribution of the spinning nozzles.
- the method can thus be equipped with an automatic control system which enables reproducible and exact control of the weight per unit area distribution of the spunbonded nonwoven.
- control unit can output at least one control signal for changing the conveying speed of the conveyor belt to a conveyor belt regulating device.
- the throughput of the process can also be varied, so that all parameters of the manufacturing process can be regulated automatically.
- a spunbonded web according to the invention in particular cellulosic spunbonded web, with a coefficient of variation of the basis weight of 0% to 3%, preferably from 0% to 2%, particularly preferably from 0% to 0.5%, measured according to the standard “Determination of the mass per unit area (ISO 9073-1: 1989) ”.
- a basis weight that is as constant as possible offers advantages in further processing. If, for example, products with lotions, e.g. wet wipes, wipes, cleaning tissues or facial sheet masks are to be made from the cellulosic spunbonded nonwoven, then both the application of the lotion and the distribution of the lotion in the later product is not only easier during production, but also Visually and haptically recognizable for the end customer.
- a uniform basis weight is a clear and measurable quality feature for nonwovens that can be reliably achieved with the method according to the invention.
- the above-described advantages of the method according to the invention are particularly useful for the production of cellulosic spunbonded nonwovens, the spinning mass being a Lyocell spinning mass, that is to say a solution of cellulose in a direct solvent for cellulose.
- thermoplastic melts in which the spinning mass pumps are operated at a constant rate
- the speed of the spinning mass pumps in the production of cellulosic spunbonded nonwovens has to be continuously adjusted to regulate the basis weight and the basis weight distribution, since the cellulose content in the spinning material is constant varies.
- the temperature of the spinning mass varies over the spinning width and that this variation, which would lead to a different spinning mass throughput along the transverse direction of the spinneret, can be compensated for, for example, by means of targeted adjustment of the temperature distribution.
- the conveying speed of the perforated conveying device has to be constantly adapted due to the fluctuation of the cellulose content in the spinning mass in order to keep the weight per unit area approximately constant over time.
- such a variation in the cellulose content can be reliably compensated for by specifically adapting the spinning mass throughput via the temperature and pressure profile.
- a direct solvent for cellulose is understood to mean a solvent in which the cellulose is present in dissolved form in a non-derivatized form.
- This can preferably be a mixture of a tertiary amine oxide such as NMMO (N-methylmorpholine-N-oxide) and water.
- NMMO N-methylmorpholine-N-oxide
- ionic liquids or mixtures with water are also suitable as direct solvents.
- the cellulose throughput per spunbond nozzle can be 5 kg / h / m nozzle width to 500 kg / h / m nozzle width.
- the content of cellulose in the spinning mass can be between 3% by weight and 17% by weight, preferably between 5% by weight and 15% by weight, particularly preferably between 6% by weight and 14% by weight. be.
- the temperature of the spinning mass before it enters the spinneret can be between 60.degree. C. and 160.degree. C., preferably between 80.degree. C. and 140.degree. C., particularly preferably between 100.degree. C. and 120.degree.
- the temperature profile of the spinneret can be set so that the temperature of the spinning mass when it emerges from the nozzle holes is between 60 ° C and 160 ° C, preferably between 80 ° C and 140 ° C, particularly preferably between 100 ° C and 120 ° C.
- the temperature of the drawing air stream can be between 20.degree. C. and 200.degree. C., preferably between 60.degree. C. and 160.degree. C., particularly preferably between 80.degree. C. to 140.degree.
- the air pressure of the drawing air stream can be 0.05 bar to 5 bar, preferably 0.1 bar to 3 bar, particularly preferably 0.2 bar to 1 bar.
- the internal structure of the spunbond can also be reliably controlled if the filaments extruded and drawn from the spinneret are partially coagulated.
- the spinneret can be assigned a coagulation air stream having a coagulation liquid for at least partial coagulation of the filaments, whereby the internal structure of the spunbond can be controlled in a targeted manner.
- a stream of coagulation air can preferably be a fluid containing water and / or a fluid containing coagulant, for example gas, mist, steam, etc.
- the coagulation liquid can be a mixture of deionized water and 0% by weight to 40% by weight NMMO, preferably 10% by weight to 30% by weight NMMO, particularly preferred 15 wt% to 25 wt% NMMO. A particularly reliable coagulation of the extruded filaments can be achieved.
- the spunbonded nonwoven according to the method according to the invention can also consist of several spunbonded layers, it being possible for the basis weights and properties to be different for each layer. For example, when developing new gas and liquid filters, the combination of several spunbond layers with different surface weights and / or air permeability can be used to produce high-performance filters.
- these individual spunbonded layers can be produced simultaneously by spinning nozzles positioned one behind the other and placed one on top of the other in such a way that a multi-layered spunbonded nonwoven is formed.
- the spunbond layers are then connected by hydroentanglement. It has been shown that hydroentanglement and drying can have an influence on the weight per unit area due to a certain shrinkage of the spunbonded nonwoven, but this effect can be compensated by the method according to the invention.
- the regulation according to the invention can for example be at If a threshold value of the basis weight is exceeded after drying, compensate for this by adapting the spinning mass throughput of the individual spunbond nonwoven layers placed one on top of the other.
- the multiple spinning nozzles for producing the multi-layer spunbonded nonwoven can be connected in series in the production direction, with each spinning nozzle being assigned at least one coagulation device.
- the spinnerets used according to the invention can be single-row slot nozzles, multi-row needle nozzles, or preferably column nozzles with a width, in particular between 0.1 m and 6 m, known from the prior art (US Pat. No. 3,825,380, US 4,380,570, WO 2019/068764) .
- the spinnerets can consist of several spinneret modules. At least one spinning pump is preferably provided for each spinneret or for each spinneret module.
- each spinneret and / or for each spinneret module at least one spinneret control device is provided which controls the temperature distribution in the spinneret or in the spinneret module.
- a different number of spinneret regulating devices can be provided.
- the setting and regulation of the temperature of the spinnerets, or, subsequently, the temperature distribution can take place for example by means of infrared, ultrasound, electric, steam, oil or other fluids or technologies for heat transfer known to the person skilled in the art.
- a detection device for detecting the weight per unit area distribution of the spunbonded web for example, area weight measuring devices of the Qualiscan QMS-12 type from the manufacturer Mahlo GmbH & Co. KG, Saal an der Donau, Germany, can be suitable.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of the method according to the invention according to a first embodiment variant
- FIG. 2 shows a schematic representation of the regulation of the basis weight distribution according to the invention in the method according to FIG. 1,
- FIG. 4 shows a schematic representation of the local distribution of the spinning mass throughput as a function of the temperature profile according to a second embodiment variant with modular spinnerets
- FIG. 5 shows a schematic representation of the local distribution of the spinning mass throughput as a function of the temperature profile according to a third embodiment variant with modular spinnerets.
- a spinning mass 2 is produced from a cellulosic raw material and fed to a spinneret 3.
- the cellulosic raw material for the production of the spinning mass 2 which production is not shown in detail in the figures, can be a pulp suitable for the production of Lyocell filaments from wood or other vegetable raw materials.
- the cellulosic raw material consists at least partially of production waste from the production of spunbonded fabrics or recycled textiles.
- the spinning mass 2 is a solution of cellulose in NMMO and water, the cellulose content in the spinning mass being between 3% by weight and 17% by weight.
- the spinning mass 2 is then extruded in a next step through a plurality of nozzle holes 4 of the spinneret 3 to form filaments 5, the nozzle holes 4 of the spinneret 3 being arranged along a main axis 6.
- the main axis 6 of the spinneret 3 is aligned along a transverse direction 12 to the conveying direction 11 of the spunbonded nonwoven, which is shown in detail in the schematic representation of the method 100 in FIG. 2.
- the spinning mass throughput of the nozzle holes 4 along the transverse direction 12 is set variably in the spinning nozzle 3 so that the individual nozzle holes 4 have a different spinning mass output in the transverse direction 12.
- the extruded filaments 5 are then accelerated and drawn by a drawing air stream.
- a stretching device is provided in the spinneret 3, to which stretching air 7 is fed and which ensures an exit of the stretching air stream from the spinneret 3 in order to accelerate the filaments 5 after their extrusion.
- the stretching air stream can emerge between the nozzle holes of the spinneret 3.
- the stretching air stream can alternatively exit around the nozzle holes.
- Such spinnerets 3 with stretching devices for generating a stretching air stream are known from the prior art (US Pat. No. 3,825,380 A, US 4,380,570 A, WO 2019/068764 A1).
- the extruded and drawn filaments 5 are also acted upon by a coagulation air stream 8, which is provided by a coagulation device 9.
- the coagulation air stream 8 usually has a coagulation liquid, for example in the form of steam, mist, etc.
- the stretched and at least partially coagulated filaments 5 are then placed in a random position on a conveyor belt 10 as a conveyor device 10 and form the spunbonded web 1 there extends on the conveyor belt 10 in the transverse direction 12 to the conveying direction 11.
- the spunbonded nonwoven has a plurality of areas 13, 14, 15 with different weight per unit area, the edge cut areas 13, 15 having a lower weight per unit area than the useful area 14.
- the weight per unit area of the edge cut areas 13, 15 is less than 5 g / m 2 and is reduced by at least 90% compared to the useful area 14.
- the actual basis weight distribution 18 of the spunbond 1 is determined by means of a detection device 16 measured and transferred to a control unit 17 connected to the detection device 16.
- the control unit 17 determines a difference between the measured actual basis weight distribution 18 and the target basis weight distribution 19, control signals 20, 21, 22 being output on the basis of the difference.
- control signal 20 is used to regulate the pressure distribution of the spinning mass 2 in the spinning nozzle 3.
- control signal 20 is output to a spinning mass control device 23, which regulates the spinning mass pumps 24 assigned to the spinning nozzle 3 in order to control the pressure distribution of the spinning mass 2 and so on adjust the spinning mass throughput of the spinneret 3.
- the control signal 21 is in turn used to regulate the temperature distribution of the spinneret 3 and is output to a spinneret control device 25, which changes the temperature of the spinneret 3 in the transverse direction 12 so that the spinning mass throughput of the spinning nozzle 3 in the transverse direction 12 is set.
- control signal 22 is output to a conveyor belt regulating device 26 in order to regulate the conveying speed of the conveyor belt 10 and thus to set the weight per unit area of the spunbonded nonwoven 1.
- FIG. 3 shows the local spinning mass throughput distribution 34 and the temperature distribution 35 in the spinneret 3, the spinning mass throughput distribution 34 and the temperature distribution 35 each showing the course of the spinning mass throughput 31 and the temperature 32 as a function of the expansion 33 of the spinning nozzle 3 represent in the transverse direction 12.
- the temperature distribution 35 in the corresponding edge cut areas 13, 15, as shown in FIG. As a result of the temperature distribution 34, there is also a lower spinning mass throughput 31 in the edge cut areas 13, 15, which is then reflected in the lower weight per unit area in the edge cut areas 13, 15 - as shown in FIG. 2.
- a feedback loop is provided between the control devices 23, 25, 26 and the detection device 16, which, fully automatically, by controlling the spinning mass throughput of the spinning nozzle 3 and the conveying speed of the conveyor belt 10, a target basis weight distribution 19 in the finished spunbond 1 and can keep it constant. Keeping the basis weight distribution constant in this way can serve both to compensate for fluctuations in the cellulose raw material and to produce a spunbonded web 1 with a predefined basis weight profile.
- the spunbond 1 As shown in FIG. 1, after the spunbond 1 has been formed, it is finally subjected to washing 27 and hydroentanglement 28. The washed and hydroentangled spunbonded nonwoven 1 is then subjected in a next step to drying in a dryer 29 in order to remove the remaining moisture and produce a finished product Obtain spunbond 1. Finally, the method 100 is completed by optional winding 30 and / or packaging of the finished spunbonded nonwoven 1.
- the detection device 16 for measuring the actual basis weight distribution 18 of the spunbonded nonwoven 1 is advantageously provided between the dryer 29 and the take-up 30, since after the dryer 29 the properties of the finished spunbonded nonwoven 1 can be determined, whereby a high reliability of the method 100 is achieved .
- the spunbonded nonwoven 1 is trimmed around the edge cut areas 13, 15 before being wound up 30, so that only the useful area 14 is fed to the winding up 30.
- FIG. 4 shows a multi-part spinneret 40 with several spinneret modules 41, 42, 43, 44 according to a further embodiment of the method 101 according to the invention.
- a spinning mass pump 45, 46, 47, 48 is assigned to each spinneret module 41, 42, 43, 44 in order to set the pressure distribution in the spinneret 40 in addition to the temperature distribution 37.
- the spinning mass pumps 45-48 in the present embodiment each produce the same pressure in the spinneret modules 41-44 and thus ensure a uniform pressure distribution in the spinning nozzle 40.
- the spinning mass throughput distribution 36 also has a drop in the edge areas so that edge cut areas 61, 63 are formed again on the spunbonded nonwoven 1, in which the weight per unit area is reduced compared to the useful area 62.
- FIG. 5 shows a further multi-part spinneret 50 with four spinneret modules 51, 52, 53, 54 according to a further variant of the method 102 according to the invention.
- a spinning mass pump 55, 56, 57, 58 is again assigned to each spinneret module 51, 52, 53, 54.
- the spinning mass pump 58 conveys the spinning mass 2 with only low or minimal pressure, so the pressure distribution in the spinneret 50 in the area of the spinneret module 54 has a very low pressure, so that the spinneret 50 in the Area of the spinneret module 54 also produces only a minimal spinning mass throughput 31.
- a temperature distribution 39 is again provided in the spinneret 50, which is mapped in a spinning mass throughput distribution 38, which in turn leads to edge cut areas 64, 66 in the spunbonded nonwoven 1 with a lower weight per unit area than the useful area 65.
- the edge cut area 66 is composed of the drop in weight per unit area due to the temperature distribution 39 and the uneven pressure distribution, whereby an extended edge cut area 66 with a very low weight per unit area is created in the spunbonded nonwoven 1. Of the Waste after cutting the spunbonded web 1 onto the useful area 65 can thus be kept to a minimum.
- the blends from the edge cut regions 14, 16, 61, 63, 64, 66 can be used again as cellulosic raw material for the production of spinning mass 2, which, however, was not shown in detail in the figures.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
- Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP20159099 | 2020-02-24 | ||
| PCT/EP2021/054493 WO2021170605A1 (de) | 2020-02-24 | 2021-02-24 | Verfahren zur herstellung von spinnvlies |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4110979A1 true EP4110979A1 (de) | 2023-01-04 |
| EP4110979B1 EP4110979B1 (de) | 2026-04-01 |
Family
ID=69726507
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP21706949.1A Active EP4110979B1 (de) | 2020-02-24 | 2021-02-24 | Verfahren zur herstellung von spinnvlies |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US12286735B2 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP4110979B1 (de) |
| CN (1) | CN115103935B (de) |
| TW (1) | TW202146719A (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2021170605A1 (de) |
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-
2021
- 2021-02-22 TW TW110106091A patent/TW202146719A/zh unknown
- 2021-02-24 EP EP21706949.1A patent/EP4110979B1/de active Active
- 2021-02-24 US US17/801,592 patent/US12286735B2/en active Active
- 2021-02-24 WO PCT/EP2021/054493 patent/WO2021170605A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2021-02-24 CN CN202180016610.9A patent/CN115103935B/zh active Active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN115103935B (zh) | 2024-05-28 |
| US12286735B2 (en) | 2025-04-29 |
| US20230130447A1 (en) | 2023-04-27 |
| WO2021170605A1 (de) | 2021-09-02 |
| CN115103935A (zh) | 2022-09-23 |
| TW202146719A (zh) | 2021-12-16 |
| EP4110979B1 (de) | 2026-04-01 |
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