EP4095083B1 - Agencement d'alignement d'une charge soulevée - Google Patents

Agencement d'alignement d'une charge soulevée Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4095083B1
EP4095083B1 EP22174419.6A EP22174419A EP4095083B1 EP 4095083 B1 EP4095083 B1 EP 4095083B1 EP 22174419 A EP22174419 A EP 22174419A EP 4095083 B1 EP4095083 B1 EP 4095083B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
load
tension
chain
secured
adjustment device
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP22174419.6A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP4095083A1 (fr
Inventor
Katharina Maria Uebel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Heinrich de Fries GmbH
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Heinrich de Fries GmbH
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Publication of EP4095083A1 publication Critical patent/EP4095083A1/fr
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C13/00—Other constructional features or details
    • B66C13/04—Auxiliary devices for controlling movements of suspended loads, or preventing cable slack
    • B66C13/08—Auxiliary devices for controlling movements of suspended loads, or preventing cable slack for depositing loads in desired attitudes or positions
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66D—CAPSTANS; WINCHES; TACKLES, e.g. PULLEY BLOCKS; HOISTS
    • B66D3/00—Portable or mobile lifting or hauling appliances
    • B66D3/12—Chain or like hand-operated tackles with or without power transmission gearing between operating member and lifting rope, chain or cable
    • B66D3/16—Chain or like hand-operated tackles with or without power transmission gearing between operating member and lifting rope, chain or cable operated by an endless chain passing over a pulley or a sprocket
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C1/00—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles
    • B66C1/10—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by mechanical means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66D—CAPSTANS; WINCHES; TACKLES, e.g. PULLEY BLOCKS; HOISTS
    • B66D3/00—Portable or mobile lifting or hauling appliances
    • B66D3/12—Chain or like hand-operated tackles with or without power transmission gearing between operating member and lifting rope, chain or cable
    • B66D3/14—Chain or like hand-operated tackles with or without power transmission gearing between operating member and lifting rope, chain or cable lever operated

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an arrangement for aligning a lifted load according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
  • the assembly of heavy and large components in particular can often only be carried out using special systems on which the components are suspended. There is often a need to additionally align the component that has already been lifted.
  • An example here are bridge sections which still have to be inserted, i.e. inserted, into a partially constructed bridge structure and which must first be aligned exactly in general or in all directions. This is done using an arrangement consisting of a rigid support and tension cords attached thereto and extending down from the support. The lower ends of the tension cords are releasably attached to different load application points of the load to be lifted, e.g. B. at the four corner points of a component that is rectangular in plan.
  • the individual tension cords are mainly made up of appropriately dimensioned ropes or chains or a combination of some ropes and some chains. If chains are used, various European safety regulations require specially designed and standardized chains for such purposes, e.g. B. so-called sling chains.
  • at least some of the tension cords include additional length adjustment devices which extend between an upper connection point and a lower connection point of the tension cord in question.
  • Length-adjustable threaded rods are often used as length adjustment devices because they are inexpensive and can be easily integrated into the respective tension cable. However, their operation can be difficult and, especially in sensitive alignment situations, relatively time-consuming.
  • the invention aims to provide an improved technical solution for situations in which loads, especially heavy and large-sized loads, have to be aligned quickly and sensitively while they are raised.
  • the arrangement comprises a rigid carrier and at least two tension cords attached to the carrier and extending down from it.
  • the lower ends of the tension cords are designed to be attached to the load at different load application points.
  • a component of at least one of the tension cords is a length adjustment device extending between an upper connection point and a lower connection point.
  • the length adjustment device has a housing that is hinged to the upper connection point and a drive shaft rotatably mounted in the housing, along which a drive wheel, a load pressure brake, a load wheel and a gear, which couples the drive shaft to the load wheel, are arranged.
  • the load wheel is provided over its circumference with chain link chambers for the individual chain links of a round link chain guided around the load wheel, this round link chain being of the special type of sling chain.
  • the sling chain is attached with one of its ends in a tension-proof manner to the lower connection point of the tension cord.
  • the sling chain guided over the load wheel should have a minimum length between the load wheel and the attachment of its lower chain end to the lower connection point. This minimum length depends on the load situation and the material thickness of the chain sling and should e.g. B. between 1.5 m and 3 m.
  • At least one longitudinal section of the relevant tension strand is also formed on each of the further tension strands by a chain of the sling chain type.
  • the minimum length that these standardized sling chains must have is often specified by the safety regulations that must be observed.
  • the number of tension cords can vary depending on the load situation and in particular the geometries and dimensions of the load to be lifted. Depending on the load situation, the number of tension cords will usually be between two and four. In particular however, if heavy loads are involved, it may also be necessary to e.g. B. to hang on six individual pull cords. In all of these cases, the safety regulations to be observed can specify that at least one longitudinal section is formed on each of the tension cords by a chain of the type of sling chain, and that a certain minimum length of the sling chain is also observed.
  • a first possible embodiment uses a total of two tension cords attached to the carrier and extending down from it, the lower ends of which can be attached to the load at load application points facing away from one another, in which case it is already sufficient for the exact alignment of the load if only one the two tension cords are provided with the length adjustment device.
  • Another embodiment uses a total of three tension cords attached to the carrier and extending down from it, the lower end of the first tension cord on the one hand and the lower ends of the second and third tension cords on the other hand being attachable to the load at load application points facing away from one another. In this case, it is sufficient if only one or only two of the three tension cords is/are provided with the length adjustment device.
  • a further embodiment uses a total of four tension cords attached to the carrier and extending down from it, the lower ends of the first and second tension cords on the one hand, and the lower ends of the third and fourth tension cords on the other hand, being attachable to the load at load application points facing away from one another. In this case, it is sufficient if only either the first or the second tension cord and at the same time either the third or the fourth tension cord are provided with the length adjustment device.
  • the drive of the length adjustment device in order to extend or shorten its effective length can be done either manually or by motor using z.
  • one embodiment proposes a simple round link chain guided over the drive wheel for manual operation of the drive wheel.
  • a hoist designed as a spur gear pulley (spur gear) or a lever hoist with an integrated ratchet function (ratchet) is used as a sling.
  • the chain under tension is of particular importance. This is not the one in spur gear chain hoists usual, simple tension link chain, but it is of the so-called sling chain type.
  • Chain slings are standardized components that are specified, for example, in the German industrial standards DIN EN 818-1 to DIN EN 818-6.
  • a segment of a bridge construction to be inserted must also be aligned. This is done using the arrangement described here consisting of a rigid support element 10 and tension cords 11, 12, 13 attached to it and extending down from the support element 10. Their lower ends are releasably attached to load application points of the load F, e.g. B. here at three corner points or at the four corner points of a load that is rectangular in plan.
  • the individual tension cords 11, 12, 13 are mainly made up of correspondingly strong ropes or chains or a combination of partly ropes and partly chains.
  • the load F is lifted using the lifting force F H , for example with the help of a lifting means, via the tension cords extending obliquely downwards from the central support element 10, in the exemplary embodiment three tension cords 11, 12, 13. Their lower ends are formed to be attached to the load F at different load application points 11A, 12A, 13A, e.g. B. by hanging it up using detachable hooks. The upper ends of all tension cords 11, 12, 13 are suspended in openings in the rigid support element 10, which in turn can be lifted from above by the lifting means.
  • all tension cords 11, 12, 13 should have approximately the same length.
  • the lifted load F is very sensitive with regard to its exact alignment, for example with regard to its exact leveling to the horizontal.
  • it is necessary to precisely adjust the effective length of individual tension cords in order to achieve the desired leveling to reach the load F.
  • at least one of the tension cords 11, 12, 13 includes a length adjustment device 30, which extends between an upper connection point 21, which is part of the tension cord in question, and a lower connection point 22, which is also part of this tension cord.
  • the length adjustment device 30 is formed by a hoist in the design either as a spur gear pulley or as a lever pull (ratchet pull).
  • the basic design of such a spur gear pulley is, for example, in the EP 0 018 127 B1 , and such a lever pull with integrated ratchet function (ratchet pull) is in its basic design z. B. in the DE 33 23 110 A1 described in more detail.
  • a chain 25.1 formed from oval chain links is passed through the spur gear pulley or alternatively the lever pull (ratchet pull) in such a way that the length of the chain section of the chain leading out of a housing 31 of the length adjusting device 30, and thus the total length, changes when the hoist is actuated the length adjustment device 30 can be changed sensitively.
  • the chain used in the length adjustment device 30 is of crucial importance for safety and, above all, work-related safety. This is not the simple tension link chain that is common in spur gear hoists and lever hoists, but is of the sling chain type 25.1. Sling chains 25.1 are standardized components and are specified in the German industrial standards DIN EN 818-1 to DIN EN 818-6. When arranged according to Fig. 1 A hoist designed as a spur gear pulley (spur gear pulley) or a lever pull with an integrated ratchet function (ratchet pull) is used as a length adjustment device 30 as a sling.
  • a heavy-duty hook 28 is attached to the top of the housing 31 of the length adjustment device 30.
  • the hook 28 can be rotatably mounted relative to the housing 31. With the hook 28, the housing 31 is rigidly suspended in the upper connection point 21 of the tension cord 11 in the longitudinal direction of the strand.
  • the housing 31 accommodates a drive wheel 32, a load pressure brake 33, a load wheel 34 and a gear 35 in an axial arrangement one behind the other and transversely to the longitudinal extent of the tension cord 11.
  • the drive wheel 32 is provided at one end of a drive shaft 37 which extends transversely to the tension cord 11.
  • the drive shaft 37 is arranged centrally and passes through the load pressure brake 33 and the load wheel 34.
  • the drive wheel 32 is connected to the load wheel via the drive shaft 37 with the one located at the other end of the drive shaft 37 34 output gear 35 can be coupled.
  • the gear 35 is z. B. designed as a planetary gear.
  • the load wheel 34 is provided with chain link chambers 34A, evenly distributed over its circumference, for the positive reception of the individual chain links of the sling chain 25.1.
  • the sling chain 25.1 wraps around the load wheel 34 over a wrap angle of approximately 180 ° .
  • the shape of the chain link chambers 34A is tailored to the special geometry of the oval chain links of the sling chain 25.1.
  • the sling chain 25.1 is provided with a ring at its load-side end, which forms the lower connection point 22.
  • This ring which is made by forging, also meets the specification of a sling and is specified in more detail, for example, in the German industrial standards DIN EN 1677-1 to DIN EN 1677-6
  • the load-free other end of the sling chain 25.1 can either hang freely from the housing 31 or be caught in a chain box.
  • the load pressure brake 33 can be designed to work by means of a frictional connection or a positive connection, or by a combination of a frictional connection and a positive connection.
  • the load pressure brake 33 is preferably composed of a pawl disk 39, friction disks arranged on both sides of the pawl disk 39 and pawls.
  • the pawls are pivotally mounted on the housing 31 and rest against locking teeth of the ratchet disk 39 under spring pressure.
  • the two friction disks enter into a frictional connection with the ratchet disk 39 and with a pressure disk fixed to the drive shaft 37 or with the drive wheel 32.
  • the task of the load pressure brake 33 is to hold or block the pull acting on the spur gear pulley or alternatively on a lever pull (ratchet pull) when the drive wheel 32 is stationary.
  • the drive wheel 32 is pressed against the pressure disk via the friction disks and the ratchet disk 39 and the pawls lie blockingly in the recesses on the circumference of the ratchet disk 39.
  • the drive shaft 37 is provided with a thread 41 at the end carrying the drive wheel 32 in the form of a sprocket for a link chain 45, into which a mating thread on the drive wheel 32 engages.
  • a helical compression spring 65 acts on the drive wheel 32 in the direction of the load pressure brake 33.
  • a plate of the housing 31, together with another plate arranged at a parallel distance, serves to rotatably mount the chain wheel load wheel 34 designed for the sling chain 25.1.
  • the drive shaft 37 engages with a toothed end section in a gear 72 of the transmission 35.
  • the gear 72 meshes with pinions as part of two gears of the transmission.
  • the drive wheel 32 is rotated clockwise by pulling on the link chain 45 leading over the drive wheel 32. Since the drive wheel 32 can initially rotate freely relative to the drive shaft 37, the drive wheel 32 is initially rotated relative to the drive shaft 37, but this then ends, so that from then on the drive shaft 37 rotates clockwise. There is therefore a direct torque transmission from the drive wheel 32 via the drive shaft 37 and the gearbox 35 to the load wheel 34.
  • the brake disk of the load pressure brake 33 lifts off from the friction disk when the drive wheel 32 rotates clockwise.
  • the effective length of the length adjustment device 30 is therefore shortened without a braking effect.
  • the load on the load wheel 34 causes it to rotate counterclockwise, causing the drive shaft 37 to rotate. Because of this, the brake disc is pulled against the friction disc. The effective length achieved by the length adjustment device 30 is therefore fixed.
  • the drive wheel 32 is rotated counterclockwise by pulling the link chain 45 in the opposite direction. Only after a predetermined idle rotation angle does entrainment occur, so that the brake disk is displaced in the axial direction of the drive shaft 37 and is lifted off the friction disk.
  • the pull in the stop chain 25.1 acting on the load wheel 34 causes the drive shaft 37 to rotate relative to the drive wheel 32, as a result of which the brake disk is pulled against the friction disk.
  • the effective length of the length adjustment device 30 is increased and by pulling in the other direction, the effective length of the length adjustment device 30 is shortened, so as to change the total length of the pull cord 11 in question, and thus the Height of load F.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Load-Engaging Elements For Cranes (AREA)
  • Devices For Conveying Motion By Means Of Endless Flexible Members (AREA)

Claims (6)

  1. Agencement pour aligner une charge (F) soulevée, comprenant un élément porteur (10) de conception rigide et au moins deux liens de traction (11, 12, 13) fixés à l'élément porteur (10) et s'étendant vers le bas depuis celui-ci, dont les extrémités inférieures sont destinées à être fixées à des points d'application de charge (11A, 12A, 13A) sur la charge (F), un dispositif (30) de réglage de longueur s'étendant entre un point de liaison supérieur (21) et un point de liaison inférieur (22) faisant partie d'au moins un lien de traction (11), caractérisé en ce que le dispositif (30) de réglage de longueur présente un boîtier (31) fixé de manière articulée au point de liaison supérieur (21) et un arbre d'entraînement (37) qui est monté de manière rotative dans le boîtier (31), sur lequel sont disposés une roue d'entraînement (32), un frein (33) de pression de charge, une roue de charge (34) et un engrenage (35), qui relie l'arbre d'entraînement (37) à la roue de charge (34), en ce que la roue de charge (34) est munie sur sa périphérie de chambres à maillons (34A) pour les différents maillons d'une chaîne d'élingue (25.1), et en ce que la chaîne d'élingue (25.1) est fixée par l'une de ses extrémités au point de liaison inférieur (22).
  2. Agencement selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que, sur chacun des autres liens de traction (12, 13), au moins une section longitudinale du lien de traction est également formée par une chaîne d'élingue (25.2, 25.3) .
  3. Agencement selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé par un total de deux liens de traction qui sont fixés à l'élément porteur (10) et s'étendent vers le bas à partir de celui-ci, dont les extrémités inférieures sont aptes à être fixées à la charge (F) en des points d'application de charge (11A, 12A, 13A) opposés l'un à l'autre, un seul des deux liens de traction étant pourvu du dispositif (30) de réglage de longueur.
  4. Agencement selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé par un total de trois liens de traction fixés à l'élément de support (10) et s'étendant vers le bas à partir de celui-ci, l'extrémité inférieure du premier lien de traction (11) d'une part, et les extrémités inférieures des deuxième et troisième liens de traction (12, 13) d'autre part, étant aptes à être fixées à la charge (F) en des points d'application de charge (11A ou 12A, 13A) opposés les uns aux autres, un seul ou deux des trois liens de traction étant pourvu(s) du dispositif (30) de réglage de longueur.
  5. Agencement selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé par un total de quatre liens de traction fixés à l'élément porteur (10) et s'étendant vers le bas à partir de celui-ci, les extrémités inférieures du premier et du deuxième liens de traction d'une part, et les extrémités inférieures du troisième et du quatrième liens de traction d'autre part, étant aptes à être fixées à la charge (F) en des points d'application de la charge opposés l'un à l'autre, seul le premier ou le deuxième lien de traction et en même temps le troisième ou le quatrième liens de traction étant pourvus du dispositif (30) de réglage de longueur.
  6. Agencement selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par une chaîne à maillons ronds (45) guidée sur la roue d'entraînement (32) pour faire tourner manuellement la roue d'entraînement (32).
EP22174419.6A 2021-05-26 2022-05-19 Agencement d'alignement d'une charge soulevée Active EP4095083B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102021113489.7A DE102021113489A1 (de) 2021-05-26 2021-05-26 Anordnung zum Ausrichten einer angehobenen Last

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4095083A1 EP4095083A1 (fr) 2022-11-30
EP4095083B1 true EP4095083B1 (fr) 2023-10-11

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EP22174419.6A Active EP4095083B1 (fr) 2021-05-26 2022-05-19 Agencement d'alignement d'une charge soulevée

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US (1) US20220380182A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP4095083B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102021113489A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116425017B (zh) * 2023-05-17 2023-11-03 重庆光能振亿科技有限公司 一种辅助吊装设备

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1964863U (de) 1967-04-29 1967-07-27 Pfeiffer Fa Ed Hebezeuggehaenge.
JPS6239029Y2 (fr) 1979-04-03 1987-10-05
GB2058006B (en) 1979-09-13 1983-03-16 Standard Telephones Cables Ltd Telescopic hoist
GB2063210A (en) 1979-11-13 1981-06-03 British Steel Corp Lifting device
JPS597695A (ja) 1982-07-02 1984-01-14 株式会社キト− レバ−式小型巻上兼牽引装置における遊転装置
DE9105100U1 (de) 1991-04-25 1992-08-27 Spanset Inter Ag, Oetwil Am See Stufenlos verstellbares Gehänge für Hebezeuge
CN105858435A (zh) * 2016-04-26 2016-08-17 中国海洋石油总公司 条状倾斜钢结构单台吊机吊装就位的工艺

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EP4095083A1 (fr) 2022-11-30
DE102021113489A1 (de) 2022-12-01
US20220380182A1 (en) 2022-12-01

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