EP4091808B1 - Procédé de changement de cerclage, ainsi que presse à balles destinée à l'utilisation du procédé - Google Patents

Procédé de changement de cerclage, ainsi que presse à balles destinée à l'utilisation du procédé Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4091808B1
EP4091808B1 EP22161234.4A EP22161234A EP4091808B1 EP 4091808 B1 EP4091808 B1 EP 4091808B1 EP 22161234 A EP22161234 A EP 22161234A EP 4091808 B1 EP4091808 B1 EP 4091808B1
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Prior art keywords
strapping
strand
severing
press
bale
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EP22161234.4A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP4091808A1 (fr
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Hermann Schwelling
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Individual
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B9/00—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes
    • B30B9/30—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for baling; Compression boxes therefor
    • B30B9/3003—Details
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B9/00—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes
    • B30B9/30—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for baling; Compression boxes therefor
    • B30B9/3003—Details
    • B30B9/3007—Control arrangements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B27/00—Bundling particular articles presenting special problems using string, wire, or narrow tape or band; Baling fibrous material, e.g. peat, not otherwise provided for
    • B65B27/12—Baling or bundling compressible fibrous material, e.g. peat

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the production of pressed and strapped bales from loose pressed material by pressing and subsequent strapping, preferably in a pressing channel, as well as to a related baler, in particular a channel baler.
  • the pressed bales made from loose pressed material such as cardboard boxes or flat-pressed plastic bottles must be strapped with a ring of strapping medium that runs closely around the bale, as pressing alone is not enough to hold the bale together.
  • Horizontal and vertical strapping are known, which means the position of the strapping plane in which the strapping lies, as well as the combination of the two, usually referred to as cross strapping.
  • Strapping carried out in a horizontal strapping plane is usually done in a channel baler - where there is no completely closed end of the press channel against which the press plate presses, but only a narrow resistance that opposes the pressing force, and which usually presses in a horizontal direction - by two quasi-endless strands of a strapping medium, for example a wire or a metal strip or a plastic strip that is drawn from a supply, usually a supply reel or a coreless supply roll, fed to different long sides of the bale and the front free ends of these two strands are connected to each other at or in front of the front end.
  • a strapping medium for example a wire or a metal strip or a plastic strip that is drawn from a supply, usually a supply reel or a coreless supply roll, fed to different long sides of the bale and the front free ends of these two strands are connected to each other at or in front of the front end.
  • a strapping medium for example a wire or a metal strip or a plastic strip that is
  • this loop can also be formed by just a single strand of a strapping medium, the free end of which is fixed in place on one side of the press channel cross section to the base frame of the baler, so that the two legs of the loop are connected by different strand sections of the single strand here be formed from strapping medium.
  • both strands - or the alternative single strand mentioned above - are increasingly pulled off the supply spool.
  • the pressing is interrupted by stopping the press plate at a certain longitudinal position in the pressing direction and keeping the previously produced bale under pressing force.
  • This specific longitudinal position defines the so-called binding plane, which is transverse to the pressing direction, in which binding takes place at the rear end of the bale.
  • the front end of the bale is not always at exactly the same distance from this setting level, because each stroke of the baler creates a layer thickness that changes depending on the material, which is usually between 20 and 30 cm. Depending on this, the distance of the front end of the bale from the binding level and thus the bale length varies in practice by +/-10 cm.
  • This setting level is usually located at the end of the press stroke in the maximum advanced position, the press position, of the press plate, usually at the transition between the press box and the subsequent press channel.
  • the press plate - in the front of which there are usually grooves running across the cross section of the press box - is located with its front side at the longitudinal position of one cross connector arranged next to the press channel for each strapping level.
  • the cross-connectors are now guided across the cross-section of the press box and, for example, in the grooves in the front of the press plate and take one strand or strand section of the strapping medium to the other side of the press channel cross-section to the other strand or strand section of the loop running there.
  • the cross-transfer device is usually a slider, such as a wire slider, which pushes the strand or strand section of the strapping medium horizontally to the other side of the press channel cross-section, i.e. to the connection side for the strands or strand sections.
  • a slider such as a wire slider
  • strapping must be carried out not only in horizontal strapping levels - which is the simpler solution due to the possible lateral supply of strapping medium - but also in one or more vertical strapping levels, in which one of the strands of the Strapping medium must be fed under the machine.
  • the cross-connector is usually a vertically moving drawing needle arranged above the pressing channel, which only pulls the lower strand or strand section up to the upper connection side for the strands or strand sections when it moves backwards through the pressing channel cross-section.
  • the two strands or strand sections that are brought close together by the cross-connector are severed there, i.e. behind the rear end of the bale that has been produced so far, and at the same time their loose rear and their loose front ends are connected to each other.
  • the rear ends of the severed strand pieces on the bale side are connected to form a rear connection at the rear end of the bale that has been produced, and the front ends of the still virtually endless strands are connected to form a front connection, which in turn forms a loop that is closed at the front and open at the back and leads around the front of the next bale to be produced.
  • the type of strapping should usually also be adapted to it: For example, it may be intended to omit one of the strappings, preferably the vertical one, from the previous cross strapping in the new fraction and/or to change the number of strapping levels, i.e. the number of individual strappings of this type of strapping, in the case of horizontal and/or vertical strapping.
  • the document DE-A-3139175 discloses a method for automatically activating or deactivating a single or several individual, parallel strappings, i.e. a strapping level in a baler, in which in particular the strapping medium is kept in the form of quasi-endless supply spools on the baler, whereby for Activating a single strapping, one strand is moved to the other strand for this strapping along the binding level via a transfer path and the two strands are automatically linked together again.
  • the procedure according to the invention is such that the for For the next strapping, the loop that has already been formed and is still open at the back is automatically cut in its front area, resulting in two separate strands of strapping medium that are no longer suitable for further strapping - without re-linking.
  • the procedure is as follows: To deactivate an individual strapping, the existing loop, which consists of two strands of strapping material linked together by a front connection, is automatically cut at least once.
  • connection such as a front connection or a rear connection, is understood to mean any type of connection by which two strands can be connected to one another, be it gluing, welding, twisting or knotting.
  • the cutting takes place in the pressing direction downstream of the binding plane, and at a separation position such that the two individual strands created by the separation each have a sufficient overhang length beyond the binding plane - in which the cross-connectors of this type of strapping are located - so that when one strand is later moved to the other strand along the binding plane, the two strands reach each other again and the overhang length is also sufficient for the two strands to be automatically linked together.
  • one strand To activate an individual strapping, one strand must be moved to the other strand along the binding level via a transfer section and the two strands are automatically linked together on the binding level to form a loop, which is then, as is known, due to the further construction of the bale The front is pushed forward into the press channel.
  • the invention preferably relates to such balers, in particular channel balers, in which the strapping medium is kept in the form of quasi-endless supply reels on or next to the baler,
  • the protrusion lengths are chosen to be as short as possible in order to keep the loss of setting medium during deactivation and later activation as low as possible.
  • the loop is preferably automatically severed twice, namely at separation points opposite each other with respect to the front connection.
  • the cutting is usually carried out at one of two different cutting positions in the longitudinal direction.
  • the front splice is typically located at or near the front upper transverse edge of the bale.
  • the upper strand is usually severed at a first separation point in the longitudinal section, i.e. the part of this strand running in the longitudinal direction, in particular at a sufficient distance upstream of the connection point between the two strands so that this connection section - in extreme cases up to 20 cm or 30 cm long - is not additionally severed.
  • the lower strand is also cut at a second cutting point.
  • This second separation point should be in the longitudinal section of this strand.
  • the most common reason for deactivating or activating individual strappings or all strappings of a type of strapping is a change in the fraction of the material to be processed, where the new fraction has different properties in terms of cohesion in the bale, mutual interlocking, restoring forces, etc.
  • the cutting of the strands of the loop of the at least one individual strapping to be deactivated is carried out on the loop guided around the front end of the 1st bale of the new fraction.
  • the lower strand which extends upwards in front of the front of this bale to approximately the upper transverse edge with the front connection at the end in the case of only one separation, will slide downwards with the front connection as the bale is pushed forwards between the last bale of the old fraction and the first bale of the new fraction, i.e. in the fraction separation plane, as the fraction separation plane continues to move forwards, until the entire lower strand is also in the grooves in the bottom of the press channel running in the pressing direction and there it causes just as little interference as the upper strand.
  • the decisive factor for the subsequent automatic activation of individual strapping levels or an entire strapping type is that when deactivating after the loop has been cut, the individual strands have a sufficient overhang length beyond the binding level, whereby this overhang length is very different for the two strands:
  • the required overhang length of the strand that has to be brought to the other strand on the binding level before a connection - usually the lower strand in the case of vertical strapping - is at least twice the length of the connection, whereby this vertical length of the connection is usually longer than the bale height by the amount of the connection required (the horizontal length of the connection is analogously longer than the bale width by the amount of the connection required), so in particular the length of the connection already includes the length of the connection required.
  • connection requirement refers to the length at the free end of a strand that is required to create a connection between the two strands; when twisting, for example, the length required for twisting.
  • the required overhang length of the strand that is not to be moved transversely before joining is only equal to the connection requirement.
  • At least one separating device for strapping medium is provided at each activatable and deactivatable strapping level.
  • the baler has two separating devices for strapping medium at each activatable and deactivatable strapping level for the reasons mentioned above.
  • the separating position at which the first separating device is located is in the longitudinal section of this strand, in particular the upper strand.
  • the separation position is from the front connection against the pressing direction to behind the rear end of the front connection offset, in particular offset from there as slightly back as possible.
  • the separating position at which the second separating device is arranged is located in the longitudinal section of this strand, in particular the lower strand,
  • the first and/or the second separating device can be arranged in front of or in the end of the press channel in the pressing direction.
  • each individual separating device for each strand of a strapping level must have its own controllable separating drive, which greatly increases the structural and control engineering effort.
  • the distance from the separating device is for the strand to be transported to the binding level before connecting to the other strand, at least twice the transport distance, i.e. including the connection requirement.
  • the distance from the separating device for the strand that is not to be moved transversely before joining to the binding plane is at least the connection requirement.
  • FIGS 1a to 3b show - excepted Figure 2b - as the state of the art, a baler for horizontal and vertical strapping - which is called cross-strapping when carried out together on a bale - with its essential components, including the strand brakes 5 installed on it, which at the same time act as a measuring device 9 for the take-off length AL for the Strapping medium 100 or its horizontal strands 100a, b are used only in Figure 3a , b is marked.
  • the Pressing direction 10 upstream of the horizontally lying pressing channel 1 with rectangular cross-section 1" formed by four in the channel direction 1' , the Pressing direction 10 , considering circumferentially arranged channel walls 1a to 1d as well as a beginning 1.1 and an end 1.2 , in channel direction 1', aligned with the press channel 1 , there is the so-called press box 21, which has an open top in its filling area 21a , i.e., which lacks the upper channel wall or top wall 1b , but which otherwise has the same cross-section 1" and runs in the same direction as the press channel 1.
  • This filling area 21a is followed in pressing direction 10 by the compression area 21b , which is already closed at the top - like the press channel 1 .
  • This open top is extended upwards by a filling shaft 25 , which is formed by four upright or even vertical walls, arranged all around in plan view, for filling the pressed goods P to be pressed, into Figure 1a for example in the form of a box.
  • the binding units 7.1, 7.2 for horizontal and vertical strapping are also arranged in the longitudinal area of the compression area 21b .
  • a press plate 2 which is transverse in its cross section 1" and fills this cross section 1" , is displaceable in the pressing direction g 10 , which can be pushed forward in the pressing direction 10 with a high pressing force, provided by one or more pressing pistons 23 .
  • the press plate 2 moves forward from this starting position several times in succession, approximately to the beginning of the press channel 1 , with each press stroke in the longitudinal direction of the press channel 1 producing a new vertical, transverse, disc-shaped layer of the resulting bale B , as best shown in Figure 3a can be seen in the compression area 21b is formed, and thereby the already formed front end of the bale B moves forward until the bale B has the desired bale length BL in the pressing direction 10 , as in Figure 3b shown.
  • the punch knife 4 present on the press plate 2 on its upper horizontal transverse edge - its position in Figure 1a is indicated - interacts with the fixed counter knife 24 formed on the rear edge of the upper wall 1b of the compression area 21b and cuts off any pressed material P protruding over the top of the press box 21 .
  • FIG. 1b left end of the machine forms the end area 1.2 of the press channel 1 and includes a Figure 1b recognizable tapering section, which has a reduced cross-section, adjustable by means of a possibly adjustable constriction 22 , at least in one of the transverse directions to the pressing direction 10 and thereby offers the already finished bale B to be pressed through there sufficient resistance for the new bale B pressing against it from behind and currently being formed in the pressing channel 1 .
  • the newly created bale B is completed after reaching a certain bale length in the press channel 1 by being placed in several superimposed horizontal strapping levels Uh" and adjacent vertical strapping levels Uv' , as in Figure 2a shown, is strapped with a tensile strapping medium 100 , i.e. in a ring shape and tightly fitting to the bale B , whereby the bale B - after the pressing force applied by the press plate 2 in the pressing direction 10 no longer acts on the bale B - primarily in the pressing direction 10 something can stretch, as far as the ring-shaped horizontal straps Uh, Uv allow, but the bale B cannot collapse.
  • each strapping Uh is formed from two in the corresponding horizontal strapping plane Uh" lying horizontal strands 100a, b of the strapping medium 100:
  • each strapping Uh is formed from two in the corresponding horizontal strapping plane Uh" lying horizontal strands 100a, b of the strapping medium 100:
  • a deflection roller 13* is present for diverting the strapping medium 100, 200 from the supply spool 13 , which is usually located away from the machine, to the respective horizontal binding unit 7.1 or vertical binding unit 7.2.
  • a strand 100a, 100b, 200a, 200b is wound onto the supply spool 13 and can be pulled off therefrom, wherein the feed unit 3a, b can additionally comprise further elements such as deflection rollers, guide elements, etc.
  • Each of the horizontal strands 100a, b for a horizontal strapping Uh is guided forward on the outside of the respective side wall 1a, 1c - as in Figure 1a for the topmost strand 100b there as an example - into the end area of the press box 2 1 and there through a corresponding wall opening 26 into the interior of the press box 2 1.
  • the free ends of the two strands 100a, b are connected to each other in the form of a front connection 101 , which was not previously produced manually, but by means of a connection unit 7.1 , which is located in a longitudinal position - the binding plane A" perpendicular to the pressing direction 10 - corresponding to the front of the press plate 2 in its pressing position, as shown in Figure 3b is only represented symbolically.
  • the front connection 101 is preferably located in the first transverse direction 11 - that is, the transverse direction to the pressing direction 10 , which lies in the corresponding horizontal strapping plane Uh" - on one side, the connection side 1'a , in the interior of the pressing channel 1 , in this case or near the inside of the side wall 1a.
  • a strand brake 5 is arranged separately for each strapping Uh on the respective outside of this outer wall 1a , through through which the respective strand 100a is guided in the direction of travel 10' .
  • the strand brake 5 offers a pulling resistance for the strand 100a , so that the strand between the front connection 101 and the strand brake 5 remains tensioned and does not become too loose.
  • Figure 1b It can be clearly seen that the walls 1a to 1d of the pressing channel 1 do not consist of plates, but of profiles with a box-shaped cross-section arranged next to one another and running in the pressing direction 10. However, these do not lie against one another, but are separated from one another by slot-shaped spaces, also running in the pressing direction 10, which are used as groove-shaped receiving spaces for the strapping material.
  • the pressure acting radially from the inside to the outside in the material to be pressed generally presses the strands into these slot-shaped spaces, so that they generally run slightly outside the cross section of the actual press channel 1.
  • bale B As the bale B is built up, i.e. the front end of the bale B moves forward in the pressing channel 1 in the pressing direction 10 and thus also the loop S surrounding this front end of the bale B , which is closed at the front and still open at the rear and is formed by the two strands 100a, b and their front connection 101 , strapping material 100 is increasingly drawn off from the respective supply spools 13 .
  • the side wall 1c there, is fastened, in the direction of the opposite side between the rear end of the bale B and the front end of the press plate 2 - usually along grooves provided for this purpose in the front surface of the press plate 2 - through corresponding through openings is pushed through the side walls.
  • the cross-connector 8,100, a wire pusher 6, takes the strand 100b of the strapping material 100 with it, generally pushing it in front of it until it reaches the strand 100a on the other side, i.e. the connecting side 1'a , usually only there outside the press channel 1.
  • the bale B is thus strapped and can be pushed forward into the press channel 1 and removed there from its front end 1.2 , the length of the press channel 1 generally corresponding to several times the length of a bale B.
  • the press plate 2 can then be moved back to its starting position and begins to build the next bale with the next stroke, again while simultaneously pushing the newly formed open loop S ' or S in front of it by means of the front end of the new bale B being created.
  • each of the several vertical strappings Uv lying next to one another in parallel vertical strapping planes Uv " consists of an endless ring of strapping medium 200 , the two finite strand pieces 200a1 and 200b1 - see Figures 4a to 6d - from the strands 200a and 200b are connected to one another in both a front connection 201 and a rear connection 202 .
  • the vertical strapping Uv is also produced using analogous fixtures: On the channel baler according to Figure 1b a series of deflection rollers 13* for the supply of strapping medium 100 , 200 to the binding units 7.1, 7.2 can be seen, which are part of the two horizontal, left-hand and right-hand, feed units 3a, b as well as the two vertical feed units, namely the upper feed unit 3c as well as the lower feed unit 3d , which are in the Figures 4a to 6d are not shown.
  • top strands 200b for the four vertical strappings Uv are fed to the vertical binding unit 7.2 via four deflection rollers 13* , which are part of the vertical, top-side feed unit 3c and immediately in front of the filling shaft 25 , still behind the vertical binding unit 7.2 , on an auxiliary frame are arranged.
  • horizontal cross connectors 8,100 are usually sliders that push the horizontal strapping medium 100 over to the other side of the press box 21 , although this does not necessarily have to be the case - with vertical strapping, as a rule So -called drawing needles 8,200 are used as cross connectors.
  • the target needles 8,200 are vertically movable and mounted on the top of the press box 21 and move down empty in front of the press plate 2 and take hold the lower strand 200a of the horizontal vertical strapping medium 200 supplied to the underside of the press box and pull it to the top and the top strand 200b there.
  • the two strands 200a, b are then connected to one another at the top of the press box 21 , which is preferred for reasons of better accessibility to such a top-mounted binding unit 7.2 .
  • binding units 7.1, 7.2 it should be made clear at this point that they have a dual function, namely, on the one hand, after two strands, such as 200a and 200b , have come sufficiently close together, to sever them at the same longitudinal position and to connect the two rear ends on the one hand and the two front ends on the other hand of these strands or strand pieces to each other, for example by twisting them in the case of binding wire.
  • the pressing direction 10 here runs from right to left, whereby it is indicated that the pressing plate 2 - which is shown with solid lines in its maximum advanced pressing position, in which the setting also takes place is carried out - back and forth movement can be carried out, i.e. from there back movement can be carried out to behind the still visible front wall of the filling shaft 25, and pressed material falling there on the next forward stroke into the compression area of the press box 21 and further into the adjoining press channel 1 with pressing can push in.
  • bales B1, B2, B3 are already finished in terms of their length and the front two bales B1, B2 are also already strapped, both with horizontal strapping Uh1, Uh2 and the vertical strapping Uv which is only visible in these figures, of which there are usually several one behind the other in the direction of view.
  • Each vertical strapping Uv consists of a lower, U-shaped strand section 200a1 in the illustrations and an upper straight strand section 200b1, which are connected to one another at a front connection 201 and a rear connection 202, which are located on the top side of the bale near its front edge and near its rear edge, to form a closed strapping, as best shown in the enlarged detail of the Figure 4a from which the length of the connection requirement VB can be seen, i.e. the length of the front connection 201 or rear connection 202.
  • the third bale B3 is finished in terms of its bale length BL - which can vary slightly from bale to bale - and upstream of the binding unit 7.2 with the pulling needle 8.200, which is mounted on the top of the pressing channel 1, the upper strand 200b passes through the upper wall 1b from the outside into the interior of the pressing channel 1 and runs along the top of this bale B3 in the pressing direction 10 to the front.
  • the lower strand 200a which is also fed through the bottom wall 1a, i.e. the bottom of the pressing channel 1, upstream of the binding unit 7.2, i.e. the binding level A", runs along the underside of the bale B3 in the pressing channel 1 in the pressing direction 10 to the front and along its front upwards to its upper transverse edge, near or at which it is connected to the upper strand 200b in the front connection 201.
  • the bale B3 is thus surrounded at the front by a loop S made of strapping material 200 which is still open at the rear, and now this loop is to be closed to form a strap by connecting the two strands 200a, b to one another at the rear end of the bale B3 in the form of a rear connection 202.
  • drawing needle 8.200 is moved downwards from its starting position, in which its lower tip is above and outside of the channel cross-section 1", in a groove 27 provided for this purpose in the front of the press plate 2, until its barb reaches under the lower strand 200a accordingly Figure 4b .
  • the drawing needle 8.200 is then moved back upwards as shown in Figure 4c , taking the lower strand 200a with it upwards until it comes into contact with the upper strand 200b as shown in Figure 4d .
  • both strands 200a, 200b are severed by means of the separating device of the binding unit 7.2 (not shown) and the front ends of the two strands 200b, a are connected to each other beforehand or simultaneously to form a new front connection 201 and the rear ends of the strand sections 200b1 and 200a1 adjacent to the bale B3 are connected to each other to form a new rear connection 202 on the bale B3, which is thereby completely strapped in accordance with Figure 4e , since the analogous process occurs with the horizontal strapping Uh1, Uh2 when the bale B3 is in the same longitudinal position - usually before and not after the vertical strapping is made.
  • FIG. 4a to e further show, downstream of the setting plane A" in a separating plane T1", which is also preferably perpendicular to the pressing direction 10, there is a separating device TV1 with a separating tool TW, which is shown in the basic representation of the figures is shown similarly to the drawing needle, but has a cutting tool TW at its front end, for example in the form of pliers and does not have to be able to carry out a vertical movement, but only has to be able to be activated and deactivated, i.e. can be opened and closed with scissors or pliers must.
  • a separating device TV1 with a separating tool TW which is shown in the basic representation of the figures is shown similarly to the drawing needle, but has a cutting tool TW at its front end, for example in the form of pliers and does not have to be able to carry out a vertical movement, but only has to be able to be activated and deactivated, i.e. can be opened and closed with scissors or pliers must
  • each of the upper strands or strand sections 200b or 200b1 which, when activated, can reach and cut the upper strand or strand section 200b, 200b1, for example, and the same with the lower strands.
  • the separating device TV1 is located here at a distance A1 in the pressing direction 10 in front of the binding plane A" and here still upstream of the constriction 22, whereby the latter is not necessary for the realization of the invention.
  • FIG 5a shows how the last bales Bx, By, Bz of the old fraction are still in the press channel 1, and behind them the beginning B1A of the first bale B1 has already been partially built up from the material of the new fraction.
  • Both the separating tool TW of the separating device TV1 and - as is usual when building the bale - the drawing needle 8.200 for vertical strapping are in their deactivated starting position, with the drawing needle 8.200 in the upwardly retracted position outside the cross-section 1" of the pressing channel 1.
  • the subsequent second bale B2 is increasingly built up from the material of the new fraction, from which Figure 5c the beginning of the bale B2A is visible and as a result the horizontally strapped bale B1 - together with the bales of the old fraction still in the press channel 1, here only Bz - is pushed further forward - whereby B1 and B2A are still surrounded by a loop S running around the front of the bale B1, which is open at the back, made of the strands 200a and 200b at the top, bottom and front, from which no more vertical strapping is to be produced.
  • Figure 5c shows the longitudinal position of the bales in the pressing channel 1, in which the front end of the first bale B1 of the new fraction has already passed the top-mounted separating device TV1 and its separating plane T1", i.e. the separating position TP, is already behind the front connection 201 of the loop S, preferably just or immediately behind it.
  • the separating device TV1 is activated and the upper strand 200b behind the front connection 201 is severed, as shown in Figure 5d visible, so that after that according to Figure 5e the upper strand 200b is separated and has a separation point TS in the form of a gap.
  • the upper strand 200b remains in position, i.e. with its front one End approximately at the separating device TV1 due to the strand brakes (not shown) acting on it, while the free end of the lower strand 200a with the one at its front
  • the end area of the former front connection 201 still present along the front of the bale B1 is increasingly pulled downwards by the forward movement of the bale B1.
  • Figure 5f shows the state in which the second bale B2 has reached its target length and has already been strapped horizontally. Then the front end of the lower strand 200a is approximately halfway up, at least usually in the area of the front surface, of the first bale B1 of the new fraction.
  • the new fraction can be further processed and any number of bales of the new fraction can be produced with only horizontal strapping, while the strands that end freely at the front for vertical strapping, i.e. upper strand 200b and lower strand 200a, are in their position in the press channel 1 according to Figure 5g remain.
  • the last bales BY and BZ of the previous fraction can be strapped - as in Figure 5h shown - by means of the drawing needle 8.200 the lower strand 200a ending freely at the front is grasped by the drawing needle 8.200 - as in Figure 5h shown - and pulled up - as in Figure 5i shown - a total of one transfer route VS - as in Figure 5g shown - and there processed with the upper strand 200b as known, i.e. from the two strands a new rear connection 202 and a new front connection 201, which are separated from each other, are created.
  • Figure 5g there must be a sufficient overhang Üa of the lower strand 200a andorient of the upper strand 200b beyond the binding plane A" in the pressing direction 10, because when the lower strand 200a is pulled up to the upper strand 200b and both together slightly beyond its horizontal height - so that the separation and connection of the strands is possible - the two strands, especially the lower strand 200a, are not pulled off from their invisible supply rolls to the right of the binding plane A", i.e. upstream of it, but are pulled back from their free front end because there is less resistance there.
  • the overhang Ua of the lower strand 200a must be at least twice the travel distance VS by which the drawing needle 8,200 moves upwards after gripping the lower strand 200a, and better a little more, namely the so-called connection requirement VB , i.e. the length that is needed to connect two ends of two strands 200a, b to one another, for example to twist or weld them, in order to create a front connection 201 or rear connection 202.
  • connection requirement VB i.e. the length that is needed to connect two ends of two strands 200a, b to one another, for example to twist or weld them, in order to create a front connection 201 or rear connection 202.
  • the overhanggate of the upper strand 200b is always large enough to create a new vertical strapping, because the upper strand 200b is only pulled upwards by a small distance, approximately the connection requirement VB, which is only a few centimeters, thus always larger than the distance A1 approximately at one bale height.
  • FIGS. 5e , f , G , H show the problem if there is only one such separating device TV1, namely for the upper strand 200b:
  • the former front connection 201 which consists of two interconnected short pieces of strapping material 200, and when pulling around the front upper edge, pulling down along the front of the bale and pulling around its lower one
  • This former front connection 201 can very easily get caught on the transverse edge, for example on the horizontal strapping present on the bales, with the result that problems can then arise when pushing out the first bales B1, B2 of the new fraction.
  • FIGS. 6a - d show on a second design of a bale press that a further, second separation device TV2 can also be present, which separates the lower strand 200a again separately, so that two separation points TS1, TS2 on opposite sides with respect to the former front connection 201 exist, so both strands 200a, b have an end at which there is no longer a former front connection 201 that could get caught.
  • the second cutting device TV2 can only act from the top or bottom of the pressing channel 1, since in front of the front surface of the bale B1, around which the open loop S is guided, the preceding last bale Bz with the old fraction is located.
  • the separating device must be designed to be correspondingly compact, as shown in solid lines.
  • the separating planes T2u" and T2o" can be identical, but this is not the case with the solution shown.
  • the separating plane Tu" of the lower separating device TV2 must then be at a distance A2 in front of, i.e. downstream, from the binding plane A", which corresponds at least to the required protrusion length Üa, i.e. again at least corresponds to twice the travel distance VS of the drawing needle 8,200.
  • the separation level To" of the upper first separation device TV1 then no longer has to be located so far downstream, and can theoretically be arranged such a short distance downstream of the binding level A" that the distance A1 between them is only sufficient for the connection requirement VB, which is usually a few centimeters.
  • Figure 6b shows - realized by the first upper separating device TV1 and the second, lower separating device TV2 - the separation of the loop S in two places, namely on the top and on the bottom and in Figure 6c the resulting separation points TS 1 and TS 2 after cutting in the form of gaps in the former loop when the cutting tools TW are deactivated.
  • Figure 6d shows how the strands 200a, b at the top and bottom, each with a free end, remain lying along the top and bottom of the row of bales as the row of bales is pushed further forward.
  • the loop piece S* which was cut out of the former loop S, usually remains between the bales Bz and B1 and is pushed forward with them until the bale Bz is removed from the end of the pressing channel 1.
  • loop piece S* is freely accessible at the front of the bale B1 and can be removed or usually falls down from there by itself, i.e. one such loop piece S* from each of the vertical strapping levels Uv".

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Basic Packing Technique (AREA)

Claims (15)

  1. Procédé d'activation et de désactivation automatiques d'un ou plusieurs cerclages (U) individuels, se trouvant parallèlement, donc d'un plan de cerclage (U") pour une presse à balle, en particulier une presse à balle à canal, pour laquelle en particulier le support de cerclage est conservé sous la forme de bobines de réserve (13) quasi sans fin au niveau de la presse à balle,
    caractérisé en ce que
    A) pour la désactivation d'un cerclage individuel (par exemple Uv1)
    - la boucle (S) composée de deux brins (200a, b) reliés l'un à l'autre par une liaison avant (201) pour ce cerclage est automatiquement séparée en particulier dans sa zone avant, au moins une fois au niveau d'au moins une position de séparation (TP) positionnée ainsi au niveau du canal de presse (1),
    - les deux brins (200a, b) individuels générés par la séparation présentent respectivement une longueur de saillie (Üa, b) suffisante au-delà du plan de ficelage (A") vers l'avant de sorte que lors d'un passage ultérieur de l'un brin (200a) à l'autre brin (200b) le long du plan de ficelage (A"), les deux brins (200a, b) peuvent de nouveau s'atteindre mutuellement et peuvent être automatiquement reliés l'un à l'autre
    et
    B) pour l'activation d'un cerclage individuel (par exemple Uv1)
    - l'un brin (200a) est passé à l'autre brin (200b) pour ce cerclage le long du plan de ficelage (A") sur un trajet de passage (VS) et les deux brins (200a, b) sont de nouveau reliés automatiquement l'un à l'autre.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce que
    les longueurs de saillie (Üa, b) sont choisies aussi courtes que possible.
  3. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que
    - la boucle (S) est automatiquement séparée deux fois et ce au niveau de points de séparation (TS) opposés l'un à l'autre par rapport au noeud (K),
    - en particulier la séparation est effectuée au niveau respectivement d'une des deux positions de séparation (TP) différentes.
  4. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes,
    dans lequel le noeud (K) se trouve en général au niveau ou à proximité de l'arête transversale supérieure avant de la balle (B),
    caractérisé en ce que
    pour la désactivation d'un cerclage vertical individuel (par exemple Uv1)
    - le brin supérieur (200b) est séparé au niveau d'un 1er point de séparation (TS1) dans la section longitudinale de ce brin (200b).
  5. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que
    pour la désactivation d'un cerclage vertical individuel (par exemple Uv1), le brin inférieur (200a) est séparé au niveau d'un 2nd point de séparation (TS2) dans la section longitudinale de ce brin (200a).
  6. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que
    - l'au moins une position de séparation (TP) est prévue dans le sens de glissement (10) en aval, en particulier directement en aval, de l'extrémité du canal de presse (1), et/ou
    - tous les cerclages individuels d'un type de cerclage, donc cerclage vertical ou horizontal, sont réalisés simultanément et/ou au niveau d'une position de séparation (TP) se trouvant pour le brin respectif (par exemple 200a, b) dans le même plan de séparation.
  7. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes,
    dans lequel la désactivation d'un ou plusieurs cerclages est réalisée lors d'un changement de fraction du produit de presse (P) à presser,
    caractérisé en ce que
    la séparation des brins de l'au moins un cerclage (U) individuel à désactiver est réalisée au niveau de la boucle (S) passant autour de l'extrémité avant de la 1ère balle (B1) de la nouvelle fraction.
  8. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que
    - la longueur de saillie (Üa) du brin (200a) à passer avant le nouage à l'autre brin (200b) doit être choisie comme correspondant au moins au double trajet de passage (VS), donc y compris au besoin de liaison
    et/ou
    - la longueur de saillie (Üb) du brin (200b) à ne pas passer transversalement avant le nouage doit être choisie comme correspondant au moins au besoin de liaison.
  9. Presse à balle, en particulier presse à balle à canal, pour la fabrication d'une balle (B) pressée et cerclée de produit à presser en vrac,
    dans laquelle la presse à balle présente
    - un bâti de base (20),
    - une caisse de presse (21),
    - un canal de presse (1) contigu à fleur de la caisse de presse (21) dans le sens de pressage (10) qui est formé par des parois de canal (1a, b, c, d) délimitant sur la périphérie le canal de presse (1), s'étendant dans le sens de pressage (10),
    - une plaque de presse (2) déplaçable alternativement dans le sens de pressage (10) et dans son sens inverse dans la chambre de presse (21), en particulier jusqu' au début (1.1) du canal de presse (1),
    - au moins une unité d'alimentation (3a-d) pour au moins respectivement un brin (100a, 200a) en particulier quasi sans fin d'un support de cerclage (100, 200) pour le cerclage de la balle pressée (B) dans au moins un plan de cerclage (Uv") horizontal et/ou vertical,
    - au moins un élément de passage transversal (8.100, 8.200), en particulier une broche tirée (305) afin de faire passer un brin (100a, 200a) du support de cerclage (100, 200) dans le sens transversal horizontal (11) ou vertical (12) par rapport au sens de pressage (10) par la section transversale (1") du canal de presse (1) à l'autre brin (100b, 200b),
    - au moins une unité de ficelage (7.1, 7.2) pour la liaison des extrémités libres de deux brins (100a, b ou 200a, b) ou sections de brin (100a1, 100b1 ou 200a1, 200b1) y compris une unité de séparation pour la séparation simultanée ou précédente des deux brins (100a, b ou 200a, b) ou sections de brin,
    - une commande (C) qui commande toutes les parties mobiles de la presse à balle, caractérisée en ce que
    la presse à balle est conçue pour l'activation et la désactivation automatiques des cerclages individuels et que la presse à balle présente au moins un dispositif de séparation (TV1) pour le support de cerclage au niveau de chaque plan de cerclage (U") activable et désactivable.
  10. Presse à balle selon la revendication 9,
    caractérisée en ce que
    la presse à balle présente deux dispositifs de séparation (TV1, TV2) pour le support de cerclage (100, 200) au niveau de chaque plan de cerclage (U") activable et désactivable.
  11. Presse à balle selon l'une quelconque des revendications de dispositif précédentes, caractérisée en ce que
    - pour des plans de cerclage (Uv") verticaux, la position de séparation (TP), au niveau de laquelle le 1er dispositif de séparation se trouve, se trouve dans la section longitudinale de ce brin (200b), en particulier du brin supérieur (200b),
    - en particulier décalée vers l'arrière de la liaison avant (201) dans le sens inverse au sens de pressage (10), en particulier décalée vers l'arrière aussi légèrement que possible.
  12. Presse à balle selon l'une quelconque des revendications de dispositif précédentes, caractérisée en ce que
    pour des plans de cerclage (Uv") verticaux, la position de séparation (TP), au niveau de laquelle le 2nd dispositif de séparation se trouve,
    - se trouve dans la section longitudinale de ce brin (200a), en particulier du brin inférieur (200a),
    - ou directement derrière la liaison avant (201) en direction de la bobine de réserve de ce brin (200a).
  13. Presse à balle selon l'une quelconque des revendications de dispositif précédentes, caractérisée en ce que
    - le 1er et/ou le 2nd dispositif de séparation (TV1, TV2) est agencé dans le sens de pressage (10) avant ou dans l'extrémité du canal de presse (1) et/ou
    - les 1ers dispositifs de séparation (TV1) d'un type de cerclage d'une part et/ou les 2nds dispositifs de séparation (TV2) de ce type de cerclage d'autre part disposent respectivement d'un seul entraînement de séparation commun.
  14. Presse à balle selon l'une quelconque des revendications de dispositif précédentes, caractérisée en ce que
    - chaque dispositif de séparation (TV) individuel pour chaque brin (100a, 100b, 200a, 200b) d'un plan de cerclage (U") dispose d'un propre entraînement de séparation commandable,
    - en particulier pour des dispositifs de séparation positionnés dans le même plan de cerclage (U") au niveau de la même position de séparation (TP) pour les deux brins de ce plan de cerclage, ces deux dispositifs de séparation disposent d'un entraînement de séparation commun.
  15. Presse à balle selon l'une quelconque des revendications de dispositif précédentes, caractérisée en ce que
    - la saillie (Üa) du dispositif de séparation (TV) pour le brin (200a) à passer avant une liaison avec l'autre brin (200b) par rapport au plan de ficelage (A") correspond au moins au double trajet de passage (VS), donc y compris au besoin de liaison (VB), et/ou
    - la saillie (Üb) du dispositif de séparation pour le brin (200b) à ne pas passer transversalement avant une liaison par rapport au plan de ficelage (A") correspond au moins au besoin de liaison (VB).
EP22161234.4A 2021-05-17 2022-03-10 Procédé de changement de cerclage, ainsi que presse à balles destinée à l'utilisation du procédé Active EP4091808B1 (fr)

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JPS5439286U (fr) 1977-08-22 1979-03-15
DE3139175C2 (de) * 1981-10-02 1986-11-13 Lindemann Maschinenfabrik GmbH, 4000 Düsseldorf Vorrichtung zum Umschnüren von Ballen
NL1025496C2 (nl) 2004-02-16 2005-08-17 Boa Systems B V Staaldraadgeleiding.
DE102016117755B4 (de) 2016-04-12 2022-12-08 Hermann Schwelling Verfahren zum Steuern der Ballen-Länge sowie Ballenpresse zur Anwendung dieses Verfahrens
DE202018002474U1 (de) 2018-05-11 2019-08-19 Europress Umwelttechnik Gmbh Ballenpresse, insbesondere in Form einer Kanalballenpresse

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