Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
  • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
  • C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
  • C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
  • C04B41/50—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with inorganic materials
  • C04B41/5022—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with inorganic materials with vitreous materials
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
  • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
  • B28B11/00—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles
  • B28B11/04—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for coating or applying engobing layers
  • B28B11/045—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for coating or applying engobing layers by dipping
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
  • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
  • C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
  • C04B41/009—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone characterised by the material treated
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
  • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
  • C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
  • C04B41/80—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone of only ceramics
  • C04B41/81—Coating or impregnation
  • C04B41/85—Coating or impregnation with inorganic materials
  • C04B41/86—Glazes; Cold glazes
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
  • B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
  • B05C3/00—Apparatus in which the work is brought into contact with a bulk quantity of liquid or other fluent material
  • B05C3/02—Apparatus in which the work is brought into contact with a bulk quantity of liquid or other fluent material the work being immersed in the liquid or other fluent material
  • B05C3/09—Apparatus in which the work is brought into contact with a bulk quantity of liquid or other fluent material the work being immersed in the liquid or other fluent material for treating separate articles

Definitions

• the invention relates to a method for glazing sanitary ware according to the features of the preamble of claim 1.
• blanks of sanitary ware are glazed by spraying.
• a spray gun is used manually or automatically to apply the glaze to the blank.
• a corresponding spray glazing process for sanitary ceramics is known from WO 20018/042399 A1.
• the disadvantage of spray glazing is that the glaze consumes a lot of material, for example due to overspray
• Dip glazing of sanitary ware is due to its size and size
• the present invention is based on the object of creating a universally applicable, automated dip glazing process for sanitary ceramics, in which a high surface quality of the glaze is possible and at the same time a high throughput is achieved.
• the method should enable low manufacturing and / or material costs.
• a method for glazing sanitary ware wherein a blank of sanitary ware to be glazed is picked up by a feed device via a workpiece gripper and transported to a plunge pool with glaze and immersed in the glaze, the finished glazed blank being transported to a discharge device.
• an immersion glazing device for sanitary ceramics is also provided, with a feed device for feeding in what is to be glazed Blanks of sanitary ware, and with a plunge pool with glaze to glaze the blanks by dipping them into the plunge pool, and with a discharge device to transport the glazed blanks further.
• a multi-axis robot is provided with a workpiece gripper, which is controlled by a control device in such a way that the multi-axis robot with the workpiece gripper picks up a blank to be glazed on the feed device and transports it to the plunge pool and dips into the glaze there, and that the multi-axis robot transports the glazed blank to the discharge device and transfers it to it for further transport.
• Using a multi-axis robot with a workpiece gripper enables individual and automated handling of a blank for
• the multi-axis robot enables an individually programmable sequence of movements and the workpiece gripper enables handling that is tailored to a specific blank of sanitary ware. This enables the dip glazing process to run fully automatically. Any errors caused by manual intervention or
• Understood utility ceramics such as washstands and / or wash basins and / or toilet bowls and / or others
• Utensils that are essentially made of ceramic.
• One feature of sanitary ceramics and / or bathroom ceramics is, for example, that sanitary ceramics or bathroom ceramics are permanently installed, for example mounted on a wall and / or mounted standing on a floor surface.
• the weight of a blank made of sanitary ceramic can be more than 3 kg, preferably more than 4 kg, most preferably more than 5 kg.
• the maximum weight of a blank can be up to 50 kg or 60 kg.
• the multi-axis robot is designed for the corresponding weight of the sanitary ware.
• a ceramic dip glaze can be used as the glaze.
• a multi-axis robot is understood to be a permanently installed, movably driven robot which is freely programmable and has at least three rotationally driven axes.
• a multi-axis robot is understood to be a permanently installed, movably driven robot which is freely programmable and has at least three rotationally driven axes.
• a five-axis robot or a six-axis robot or a seven-axis robot can be used.
• a corresponding articulated arm robot can also be used.
• the feed device is preferably an automatically driven device for feeding or feeding blanks of the sanitary ware to the multi-axis robot and / or a robot cell.
• a robot cell is understood to mean a certain area, in particular a locked area, within which the multi-axis robot is arranged.
• Feeding device transports the blanks of the sanitary ware preferably in their position of use.
• the position of use of the sanitary ware is understood to mean a spatial orientation which corresponds to and / or approximates the later spatial orientation in the assembled state of the sanitary ware.
• the multi-axis robot moves a blank to be glazed into the glaze of the dip tank by means of a linear, straight-line movement or a circular pivoting movement immersed and / or removed.
• a high quality of the glaze on the blank it must be ensured that it is enclosed on all sides by the glaze.
• the wetting of the surface of the blank can be supported and / or improved via the movement of the multi-axis robot when the blank is dipped into the plunge pool.
• the application of the glaze can be improved in particular by a pivoting movement of the multi-axis robot while the blank is being immersed in the plunge pool.
• Dip glazing is limited in order to limit the forces that occur. Due to the weight and / or dimensions of the blank for
• Blank in the glaze of the dip tank on relatively high forces In order to prevent the blank from tearing off the workpiece gripper, provision can be made to limit the speed of the pivoting movement and / or the speed of the plunge movement to a maximum speed in order to prevent the blank from being torn off or damaged.
• the glaze in the immersion tank is impressed with a flow which is essentially transverse to the
• Glaze application of the blank achieved or the quality of the glaze application can be improved.
• the dwell time of the blank in the glaze can preferably be reduced at the same time.
• the multi-axis robot can remove the blank from the immersion pool.
• the blank removed from the dip basin is held by the multi-axis robot for a predetermined time in a position of use above the dip glaze basin
• a drainage frame is provided and the glazed blank is held by the multi-axis robot for a predetermined time in a position of use, or in a predetermined or defined position of the blank on the Drain frame is supported or is laid down to allow excess glaze to run off.
• the drainage frame can be arranged in such a way that the blank is supported directly above the dip basin and the excess glaze runs back into the dip basin.
• the drainage frame can be arranged above a separate drainage basin, the excess glaze then draining into this drainage basin.
• the drain rack is designed as a carousel.
• the multi-axis robot can use a blank
• the carousel can also have a sponge unit in order to remove glaze from the mounting surface of the blank.
• the carousel can also be designed as a drying rack. I.e. the blank can remain on the carousel until the glaze has dried or has dried in between.
• the blank can be picked up again by the robot arm or the workpiece gripper from the carousel.
• the carousel can also be used as a
• Be designed discharge unit and to transport the blank after the dripping and / or drying of the glaze for further processing or to transport it out of the dip glazing device or out of a robot cell.
• the dripping of the glaze can preferably last over a period of 10 seconds up to 120 seconds. At the same time as the glaze drips off, the glaze can also dry on or pre-dry.
• a drying unit with an IR radiator, hot air or a similar heater can be provided for pre-drying or initial drying of the glaze.
• Dipping basin a drying or predrying of the glaze by means of a
• Drying device preferably comprises a hot air blower and / or an IR radiator. After the excess glaze has drained off, the glaze is scheduled to be dried. It can be provided that a
• Drying rack is provided and the blank is placed on the drying rack by the multi-axis robot after the glaze has been applied before the multi-axis robot takes over another blank to be glazed from the feed device, or before the multi-axis robot picks up another glazed blank on the drying rack and closes it the discharge device is transported.
• the multi-axis robot can already have a second to be glazed
• the multi-axis robot can pick up an already dried blank from the drying rack and take it to a discharge device
• the workpiece gripper is cleaned by the multi-axis robot at a cleaning station before a new blank is picked up with the workpiece gripper.
• the blanks to be glazed are transported on the feed device in such a way that a mounting surface of the blanks to be glazed is oriented in the direction of the multi-axis robot.
• an automatic moistening of the articles can be integrated on the feed device to improve the quality of the glaze.
• the feed device can have a humidification system.
• individual areas of the blank can be selectively moistened in order to influence the suction behavior of the blank and thereby obtain a high-quality, in particular uniform, glaze application.
• Discharge device can be transported standing on its mounting surface, or transported on a surface that remains free of glaze.
• the mounting surface is understood to mean that surface of the blank of the sanitary ceramic with which the finished sanitary ceramic or bathroom ceramic is mounted on a wall or on a floor.
• the mounting surface is preferably not provided with a glaze.
• the mounting surface or at least a part of the mounting surface is covered by the workpiece gripper and is not wetted by glaze.
• a cleaning station can also be provided in order to remove glaze residues from the assembly surface before the glaze is fired. In this way it can be ensured that the mounting surface remains free of glaze.
• the multi-axis robot can be controlled in such a way that it dips the blank to be glazed into the plunge pool and / or removes it from the plunge pool in an article-specific movement.
• An article-specific movement can include a linear movement and / or a circular pivoting movement and / or a specific sequence of linear and circular pivoting movements.
• the linear movement and / or the circular swivel movement of the multi-axis robot can be controlled in such a way that it dips the blank to be glazed into the plunge pool and / or removes it from the plunge pool in an article-specific movement.
• An article-specific movement can include a linear movement and / or a circular pivoting movement and / or a specific sequence of linear and circular pivoting movements.
• the linear movement and / or the circular swivel movement of the multi-axis robot can be controlled in such a way that it dips the blank to be glazed into the plunge pool and / or removes it from the plunge pool in an article-specific movement.
• Maximum speed be limited to a predetermined value in order to limit the forces occurring on the blank due to the flow resistance of the glaze.
• a force sensor can be provided which measures a force acting on the blank to be glazed and controls the multi-axis robot in such a way that the speed of the linear plunging movement or the circular pivoting movement is limited to a value below a permissible maximum force or maximum speed.
• the multi-axis robot or a control device has an article-specific memory and an article-specific movement profile can be stored in the memory, preferably can be saved as an article-specific glazing program.
• the article-specific movement profile can, in addition to a movement sequence, also speeds or speed profiles, in particular
• the article-specific movement profile can also include maximum forces. During operation, an article-specific movement profile can then be called up from the memory in order to enable a quick changeover to a new article.
• Dip basin has a plurality of nozzles which are arranged next to one another and / or one above the other in the dip basin or in the region of a wall of the dip basin in order to create a flow around the glaze in the dip basin
• the plunge pool can be supplied with fresh glaze via the nozzles, so that the fill level of the glaze in the plunge pool remains constant or is kept constant.
• the nozzles of the glaze impress a flow which is directed essentially transversely to the immersion movement and / or removal movement of the blank, preferably that several of the nozzles, in particular all of the nozzles, are arranged parallel to one another.
• the immersion basin has an overflow which is connected to an overflow basin and the nozzles into the glaze
• the overflow can be arranged in an upper area of the dip basin in order to allow the glaze to flow off the surface of the dip basin.
• the formation of bubbles in the glaze can also be reduced or prevented via the nozzles and / or the overflow.
• glaze is introduced into the plunge pool via the nozzles in such a way that any bubbles floating or located on the surface of the glaze are discharged via the overflow before a new blank to be glazed is introduced into the plunge pool.
• the nozzles can form a nozzle wall or be arranged in a 2D matrix.
• a two-dimensional matrix is understood, for example, to be an N * M matrix in which the nozzles are arranged in columns and rows. For example, a 5 * 4 matrix or a 5 * 10 matrix or a 15 * 20 matrix or any other arrangements can be provided.
• An arrangement of the nozzles in a nozzle wall or 2D matrix allows a particularly homogeneous flow and thus a high quality
• the nozzles in the plunge pool are arranged in such a way that they are at regular intervals from one another along a longitudinal side of the plunge pool and / or at regular intervals
• individual nozzles of the matrix or all nozzles of the matrix can be switched in order to generate or set a flow that is adapted to a specific type of blank of the sanitary ware.
• the conveying direction and / or conveying strength can be configured to be adjustable.
• the nozzles or some of the nozzles are designed to be pivotable.
• the nozzles in the plunge pool can be on
• a counter-current flow in the plunge pool results in an improved application of glaze on all sides of the blank to be glazed.
• the workpiece gripper is designed as a vacuum gripper which grips the blank on a mounting surface of the blank, preferably only grips the mounting surface.
• a vacuum pump connected to the workpiece gripper is provided, which produces a corresponding vacuum in order to grip the blank of the sanitary ware and connect it to the workpiece gripper.
• the workpiece gripper has a support surface or has several support surfaces that rest on a mounting surface of the blank in order to support it.
• Support surfaces form additional bearing surfaces in order to hold the blank of the sanitary ware in a mechanically stable manner on the workpiece gripper.
• control device monitors the vacuum of the workpiece gripper in order to detect proper gripping of the blank and / or to detect detachment of the blank.
• control device can trigger an alarm and / or a predefined alarm if the blank is unexpectedly detached
• Control device detects a corresponding unforeseen detachment of the blank of the sanitary ware, countermeasures are to be initiated, such as triggering an alarm in order to alert an operator that he can remove the blank from the glaze basin.
• a movable basket or a movable rake can be arranged in the glaze basin, for example, in order to remove a fallen blank from the glaze remove.
• an operator can pull out the basket together with the detached blank in order to remove the blank from the glaze basin.
• the basket can be lifted automatically, or it can be lifted by the multi-axis robot.
• a counter-holding device can be provided in order to enable the workpiece gripper to grip the blank well. This can for example be arranged at the end of the feed device.
• the counter-holding device can have a tensioning cloth or an air cushion in order to support a blank on a side facing away from the workpiece gripper and to build up a counterforce against the pressing of the multi-axis robot or the workpiece holder.
• the counter holding device can also have a counter bearing made of foam or rubber.
• a drying rack is provided and the control device controls the multi-axis robot in such a way that this glazed blank moves from the immersion tank to the
• control device can control the multi-axis robot after a predetermined, preferably adjustable, drying time has elapsed in such a way that it picks up the glazed blank on the drying rack and transports it to the removal device.
• the drying time can be between 30 seconds and 120 seconds, for example.
• the workpiece gripper can be connected to the multi-axis robot via a change system that can be controlled by the control device. By exchanging the workpiece gripper, it can thus be ensured that different types of sanitary ceramic blanks or different sanitary ceramic blanks can be glazed with the dip glazing device according to the invention.
• Storage device is provided for one or more workpiece grippers and the control device the multi-axis robot for automatic
• a new workpiece gripper can be manually attached to the robot arm of the multi-axis robot.
• the workpiece gripper can have a rinsing device in order to rinse the vacuum grippers and / or the vacuum lines if glaze gets onto the vacuum gripper or grippers or into the vacuum lines. This prevents malfunctions of the workpiece gripper when gripping or holding the blanks.
• a Cleaning device can be provided and the control device can control the multi-axis robot in such a way that it brings the workpiece gripper to the cleaning device in order to clean it. Cleaning is preferably carried out before a new blank to be glazed is picked up.
• a cleaning of the workpiece gripper can be provided automatically by the control device, for example at regular time intervals, or after certain steps, for example before a new blank is gripped by the workpiece gripper and / or before the workpiece gripper is deposited and / or replaced and / or after a new one
• the cleaning device can be, for example, an immersion basin with a cleaning liquid and / or a mechanical cleaning device that cleans the workpiece gripper by means of nozzles and / or brushes.
• the feed device is used as a conveyor belt with one conveyor belt, or with several in parallel
• conveyor belt or one or more conveyor chains or is designed as an article holder on a motor-driven linear axis.
• the discharge device as a
• Conveyor belts or chains are formed.
• the discharge device has a height-adjustable rake and the multi-axis robot the glazed one
• the blank is transferred with the mounting surface down to the removal device in such a way that in a position above the removal device the rake grips with a prong under the mounting surface of the blank, then the control device releases the workpiece gripper from the mounting surface so that the mounting surface is supported by the prongs of the rake is and the rake then moves down and puts the glazed blank on the discharge device.
• the discharge device has a height-adjustable rake and the multi-axis robot the glazed one
• the blank is transferred with the mounting surface down to the removal device in such a way that in a position above the removal device the rake grips with a prong under the mounting surface of the blank, then the control device releases the workpiece gripper from the mounting surface so that the mounting surface is supported by the prongs of the rake is and the rake then moves down and puts the glazed blank on the discharge device.
• the discharge device has a cleaning device for cleaning the mounting surface of glaze residues, in particular a cleaning device with a roller or brush or a sponge.
• the removal device can comprise a lifting table in order to facilitate the removal of the blank.
• the invention can be used in the automated production of
• Sanitary ware are used.
• the method according to the invention and / or the dip glaze device according to the invention can be used in particular in the production of high-quality sanitary ceramic articles and enables a high throughput with a high throughput
• Fig. 1 a plan view of an inventive
• Fig. 2 a further embodiment of an inventive
• 6a, 6b an enlarged representation of the transfer of a glazed
• 8a a plan view of the plunge pool
• 8b a sectional representation in side view of the immersion basin
• Fig. 1 is a first embodiment of an inventive
• Dip glazing device 1 shown in a schematic plan view.
• Dip glazing device 1 has a robot cell 12.
• the robot cell 12 is framed by a wall in order to prevent people from entering the danger area during operation of the robot.
• Doors 13 and 14 are provided in the wall of the robot cell in order to be able to carry out maintenance or cleaning of the robot cell.
• Dip glazing device 1 arranged within the range of a multi-axis robot 16.
• the center of the robot cell 12 is the
• Multi-axis robot 16 mounted.
• the multi-axis robot 16 is permanently installed on a base 17 in the robot cell 12 (see FIG. 3) and has several rotationally driven axes and a robot arm 18. Via a feed device 2, blanks 9 to be glazed are inserted into the
• Robot cell 12 delivered. To this end, an operator loads the feed device 2 with blanks 9 to be glazed.
• a workpiece gripper 8 arranged on the robot arm 18 of the multi-axis robot 16 picks up the blanks 9 within the robot cell 12 from the feed device 2 and transports them to a plunge pool 4 where they are glazed by immersion.
• the dipping basin 4 contains a glaze 43. Within the dipping basin 4, two rows of nozzles or nozzle walls 41 and 42 are arranged opposite one another.
• a drain frame 5 is positioned next to or above the immersion tank 4. During the immersion, the blank 9 is wetted or coated by the glaze 43.
• the blank 9 is removed from the glaze basin or the immersion basin 4 by the multi-axis robot 16 and placed on a drying rack 6 for intermediate drying.
• the multi-axis robot 16 can pick up a new blank 9 to be glazed from the feed device 2 and immerse it in the
• the multi-axis robot 16 removes the dried blank from the drying rack 6 and brings it to the discharge device 3. There, the blank 9 is transferred to the discharge device 3 by means of a height-adjustable rake 33 and transferred from the robot cell 12 by means of motor-driven conveyor belts 31
• the finished glazed blanks 9 can be taken over by an operator and thus transported to further stations for further processing. New blanks 9 can likewise be transferred to the feed device 2 by an operator in order to transport them into the robot cell 12 and to glaze them.
• Cleaning station 7 is provided, which is also arranged within the robot cell 12.
• the multi-axis robot 16 can, for cleaning the
• the cleaning station 7 has nozzles and / or brushes to the
• the multi-axis robot 16 can take over a new blank 9 from the feed device 2 by means of the now cleaned workpiece gripper 8.
• a programmable control device 15 is provided which is connected to the multi-axis robot 16 and / or the nozzles 41 and 42 and / or the feed device 2 and / or the discharge device 3. Via the programmable
• Control device 15 the multi-axis robot 16 can be controlled individually.
• the multi-axis robot 16 is shown by way of example in a basic position.
• the radius of action of the multi-axis robot 16 is outlined by a dashed circle. All components of the
• Dip glazing devices 1 are of this type within the robot cell 12 arranged that this by the multi-axis robot 16 or its
• Robot arm 18 are accessible.
• Dipping basin 4 and also the delivery of the blank 9 to the discharge device are shown schematically in each case with cut-out detailed drawings, without the robot arm 18 or multi-axis robot 16 being drawn in its entirety. This reduced representation is used for improved
• FIG. 2 shows a further exemplary embodiment of the dip glazing device 1.
• a robot cell 12 is also arranged in FIG. 2
• Multi-axis robot 16 is shown.
• the cleaning station in FIG. 2 is between the dip basin 4 and the
• the opposite nozzles 41 and 42 in the plunge pool 4 are further provided with individually controllable valves 41 a and 42 a. Via the valves 41a and 42a, the
• Control device 15 can be controlled, the flow of the glaze 43 within the dip basin 4 can be adjusted or adapted to a specific type of blank 9. This makes it possible to adapt the flow of the glaze 43 within the dip basin 4 to the product to be glazed.
• Feed device 2 is shown in FIG. 3. After an operator has placed the blank in a transport slide 21 of the feed device 2, this is driven by a drive motor 23, automatically into the
• Robot cell 12 transported. The transport of the blank 9 in the
• Transport slide 21 takes place with the mounting surface 91 of the blank 9 in
• the blank 9 can also be transported in another defined position.
• care must be taken that all blanks 9 are transported in a predetermined or defined position in which the
• Workpiece gripper of the multi-axis robot 16 can grip the blank 9 well. In particular, all blanks 9 are transported in the same predetermined position.
• the blank 9 is picked up by the blank 9 attached to the robot arm 18
• Workpiece gripper 8 The workpiece gripper 8 is brought to the assembly surface of the blank 9 by the multi-axis robot 16. After the workpiece gripper 8 contacts the mounting surface 91 of the blank 9, the switches
• Control device 15 the vacuum to the blank 9 to the
• the multi-axis robot 16 can then lift the blank 9 and transport it to the plunge pool 4.
• the multi-axis robot 16 is permanently installed on the floor of the robot cell 12 via a base 17.
• the immersion process i.e. the immersion glazing itself, is in the
• the multi-axis robot 16 has picked up the blank 9 on the feed device 2, it transports it to the plunge pool 4.
• the plunge pool 4 has a nozzle wall or an N * M on each of the opposite walls Matrix consisting of a large number of individual nozzles 41 and 42.
• the glaze 43 is inside the plurality of nozzles 41 and 42.
• Immersion pool 4 impressed a flow.
• the flow runs transversely to the immersion direction of the blank 9 and thus supports the wetting of the blank with glaze.
• the flow in the plunge pool 4 makes it possible that even complex shaped blanks, for example blanks with
• Multi-axis robot 16 with its robot arm 18 pivots the blank 9 when it is immersed in the plunge pool 4.
• the pivoting takes place essentially laterally to that impressed by the nozzles 41 and 42
• FIG. 8a and 8b an enlarged view of the immersion basin 4 is shown.
• the plurality of nozzles 41 and 42 which are arranged in parallel, each in an N * M matrix, i.e. are arranged in rows and columns on a wall within the dip tank 4.
• Fig. 8b occurs after the
• Robot arm 18 has removed the blank 9 from the plunge pool 4, a
• a drain rack 5 which forms a support for the blank in the draining position or the draining position.
• the robot arm 18 places the side of the blank 9 opposite the workpiece gripper 8 on Support bearings of the discharge frame 5 in order to minimize the forces acting on the blank 9 in the area of the workpiece gripper 8.
• the multi-axis robot 16 brings the blank 9 onto the drying rack 6 in order to allow the glaze to dry there.
• Multi-axis robot 16 with its robot arm 18 or the workpiece gripper 8 attaches the blank 9 to the drying rack 6 and, as shown in FIG. 5, brings it to the discharge device 3.
• the discharge device 3 has a height-adjustable rake 33 with which the Blank 9 from the workpiece gripper 8 takes place.
• Discharge device 3 with the aid of the height-adjustable transfer rake 33 shown in an enlarged side view (FIG. 6a) and in plan view (FIG. 6b).
• the multi-axis robot 16 rotates the blank 9, as shown in FIG. 5, into a vertical position.
• the prongs of the rake 33 engage in the workpiece gripper 8. After releasing the workpiece gripper 8 from the blank 9, it rests with its mounting surface 91 down on the
• the height adjustable rake 33 can now together with the blank 9 on the discharge device 3 or on the
• Conveyor belt 31 of the discharge device 3 are lowered so that the conveyor belt 31 transports the blank 9 out of the robot cell 12.
• the conveyor belts 31 are rotated by a drive motor
• the discharge device 3 has one or more cleaning devices 32.
• the cleaning devices 32 comprise brushes or rotatable ones
• Mounting surface 91 of the blank 9 is not glazed.
• a workpiece gripper 8 is shown enlarged in FIGS. 7a to 7c.
• the dimensions of the workpiece gripper 8 are adapted to the mounting surface 91 of the blank 9.
• the workpiece gripper 8 has two vacuum grippers 821 and 822. These are arranged on the back of the workpiece gripper 8 and, as can be seen in FIG. 7b, with
• the workpiece gripper 8 has three support surfaces 831, 832 and 833.
• the support surfaces 831, 832 and 833 also serve as mechanical ones
• a correspondingly adapted workpiece gripper 8 is provided for each product group of blanks 9.
• the workpiece grippers 8 can differ from one another in their dimensions and in the number of vacuum grippers and / or support surfaces.
• a workpiece gripper 8 can have more than two vacuum grippers and / or more or less than three support surfaces.
• the workpiece gripper 8 can be automatically connected to the robot arm 18 or detached from the robot arm 18 via a coupling 81.
• the clutch 81 is designed as a switchable clutch that is controlled by the Control device 15 is controllable. So it is possible one
• Workpiece gripper 8 automatically picked up and / or deposited and / or exchanged by the robot arm 18. This facilitates the conversion of the dip glazing device 1 to a different product group and / or the maintenance and / or cleaning of the dip glazing device 1.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
• Structural Engineering (AREA)
• Materials Engineering (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
• Coating Apparatus (AREA)
• Devices For Post-Treatments, Processing, Supply, Discharge, And Other Processes (AREA)
• Manipulator (AREA)

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• 2019
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