EP3856717A2 - Procédé de préparation de composés hétéroaromatiques azotés à encombrement stérique - Google Patents

Procédé de préparation de composés hétéroaromatiques azotés à encombrement stérique

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Publication number
EP3856717A2
EP3856717A2 EP19778476.2A EP19778476A EP3856717A2 EP 3856717 A2 EP3856717 A2 EP 3856717A2 EP 19778476 A EP19778476 A EP 19778476A EP 3856717 A2 EP3856717 A2 EP 3856717A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
group
formula
atoms
radicals
aromatic
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP19778476.2A
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Philipp Stoessel
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Merck Patent GmbH
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Merck Patent GmbH
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Publication of EP3856717A2 publication Critical patent/EP3856717A2/fr
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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D213/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
    • C07D213/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
    • C07D213/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
    • C07D213/24—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring carbon atoms
    • C07D213/26—Radicals substituted by halogen atoms or nitro radicals
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D221/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom, not provided for by groups C07D211/00 - C07D219/00
    • C07D221/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom, not provided for by groups C07D211/00 - C07D219/00 condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D213/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
    • C07D213/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
    • C07D213/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
    • C07D213/06—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms in addition to the ring nitrogen atom
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D213/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
    • C07D213/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
    • C07D213/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
    • C07D213/24—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring carbon atoms
    • C07D213/36—Radicals substituted by singly-bound nitrogen atoms
    • C07D213/38—Radicals substituted by singly-bound nitrogen atoms having only hydrogen or hydrocarbon radicals attached to the substituent nitrogen atom
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D213/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
    • C07D213/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
    • C07D213/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
    • C07D213/60—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
    • C07D213/61—Halogen atoms or nitro radicals
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D221/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom, not provided for by groups C07D211/00 - C07D219/00
    • C07D221/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom, not provided for by groups C07D211/00 - C07D219/00 condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems
    • C07D221/04—Ortho- or peri-condensed ring systems
    • C07D221/18—Ring systems of four or more rings
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D401/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom
    • C07D401/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings
    • C07D401/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings directly linked by a ring-member-to-ring-member bond
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D401/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom
    • C07D401/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings
    • C07D401/10—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings linked by a carbon chain containing aromatic rings
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D401/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom
    • C07D401/14—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing three or more hetero rings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
    • H10K85/60—Organic compounds having low molecular weight
    • H10K85/649—Aromatic compounds comprising a hetero atom
    • H10K85/654—Aromatic compounds comprising a hetero atom comprising only nitrogen as heteroatom
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/549—Organic PV cells

Definitions

  • the present invention describes processes for the preparation of sterically hindered nitrogen-containing heteroaromatic compounds.
  • the invention further relates to compounds which are obtainable by the method and electronic devices containing them
  • organic electroluminescent devices in which organic semiconductors are used as functional materials is described, for example, in US 4539507, US 5151629, EP 0676461 and WO 98/27136.
  • Metal-organic complexes that show phosphorescence are often used as emitting materials. For quantum-mechanical reasons is using organometallic compounds, up to four times the energy U nd power efficiency possible as phosphorescence. In general, there is still a need for improvement with OLEDs, in particular also with OLEDs that show phosphorescence, for example with regard to efficiency, operating voltage and service life.
  • organic electroluminescent devices are known which comprise fluorescent emitters or emitters which show TADF (thermally activated delayed fluorescence).
  • organic electroluminescent devices are not only determined by the emitters used.
  • the other materials used such as host / matrix materials, hole blocking materials, electron transport materials, hole transport materials and electron or exciton blocking materials are of particular importance. Improvements in these materials can lead to significant improvements in electroluminescence
  • bicyclic ring system which is fused to a pyridine or pyridazine structure, to which in turn an aromatic or
  • heteroaromatic ring system is condensed.
  • these materials generally exist, for example for use as matrix materials, hole conductor materials or
  • Electron transport materials still need improvement, especially with regard to the service life, but also with regard to the efficiency and the operating voltage of the device.
  • the compounds should also have a high degree of color purity.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide compounds which are suitable for use in an organic compound
  • Electroluminescent device suitable as fluorescent emitters or emitters which show TADF (thermally activated delayed fluorescence) and which lead to good device properties when used in this device, and the provision of the corresponding electronic device.
  • the object of the present invention is therefore to provide production processes for these compounds which are particularly simple and inexpensive. In particular, the processes should lead to high yields, the lowest possible proportion of by-products being obtained. Furthermore, the reaction conditions should be as mild as possible. In addition, it should be possible to use relatively inexpensive, easily accessible and insensitive starting materials for the preparation of the compounds described above. Another object of the present invention is to provide compounds which are suitable for use in an organic solvent
  • Electroluminescent device and which lead to good device properties when used in this device, as well as the
  • the object of the present invention to provide connections which lead to a long service life, good efficiency and low operating voltage.
  • the properties of the matrix materials, the hole conductor materials or the electron transport materials also have a significant influence on the service life and the
  • Another object of the present invention can be seen in providing compounds which are suitable for use in a phosphorescent or fluorescent OLED, in particular as a matrix material.
  • a phosphorescent or fluorescent OLED in particular as a matrix material.
  • the compounds particularly when used as matrix materials, as hole conductor materials or as electron transport materials in organic electroluminescent devices, should lead to devices which have excellent color purity. Furthermore, the compounds should be as easy to process as possible, in particular show good solubility and film formation.
  • the compounds should show increased oxidation stability and an improved glass transition temperature.
  • the electronic devices should be able to be used or adapted for many purposes.
  • the electronic devices should be able to be used or adapted for many purposes.
  • the electronic devices should be able to be used or adapted for many purposes.
  • Performance of the electronic devices is maintained over a wide temperature range.
  • Embodiments are therefore the subject of the present invention.
  • the present invention therefore relates to a method for
  • heteroaromatic compound which is characterized in that at least one of the compounds provided in steps A) and / or B) comprises an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system with 5 to 60 ring atoms, which may be substituted. It can preferably be provided that the activated double bond of the alkene provided in step B) is part of a bi-, tri- or oligocyclic ring.
  • Alkene preferably a cyclic enolate and / or enamine.
  • the alkene provided in step B) is derived from a bi-, tri- or oligocyclic ketone.
  • 1,2,4-triazine can be represented by formula (I)
  • R 1 is the same or different at each occurrence H, D, F, CI, Br, I,
  • R 2 is the same or different H, D, F or a at each occurrence
  • a radical in particular a hydrocarbon radical, having 1 to 20 C atoms, in which one or more H atoms can also be replaced by F, two or more, preferably adjacent ones, being possible
  • Substituents R 2 also form a mono- or polycyclic, aliphatic or aromatic ring system with one another.
  • radicals R a , R b , R c is an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system with 5 to 40 aromatic ring atoms, which can in each case be substituted by one or more radicals R 1 , preferably at least one of the radicals R a and / or R b represents an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system with 5 to 40 aromatic ring atoms and particularly preferably the
  • R b represents an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system with 5 to 40 aromatic ring atoms.
  • adjacent carbon atoms are carbon atoms which are directly linked to one another. Also means
  • Neighboring residues in the definition of residues that these residues are attached to the same carbon atom or to adjacent carbon atoms. These definitions apply accordingly to the terms “neighboring groups” and “neighboring substituents”, among others. Under the wording that two or more residues together are one
  • a fused aryl group, a fused aromatic ring system or a fused heteroaromatic ring system in the sense of the present invention is a group in which two or more aromatic groups are fused to one another via a common edge, ie fused, so that, for example, two carbon atoms are added to the belong to at least two aromatic or heteroaromatic rings, such as in naphthalene.
  • fluorene is not a condensed aryl group in the sense of the present invention, since the two aromatic groups have no common edge in fluorene.
  • Corresponding definitions apply to fleteroaryl groups as well as to condensed ring systems, which can also contain fleteroatoms, but need not. If two or more, preferably adjacent radicals R, R 1 and / or R 2 form a ring system with one another, a monocyclic or polycyclic, aliphatic, aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system can result.
  • An aryl group in the sense of this invention contains 6 to 60 C atoms, preferably 6 to 40 C atoms, particularly preferably 6 to 30 C atoms;
  • a fleteroaryl group in the sense of this invention contains 2 to 60 C atoms, preferably 2 to 40 C atoms, particularly preferably 2 to 30 C atoms and at least one heteroatom, with the proviso that the sum of carbon atoms and heteroatoms is at least 5.
  • the heteroatoms are preferably selected from N, O and / or S.
  • an aryl group or heteroaryl group is either a simple aromatic cycle, that is to say benzene, or a simple heteroaromatic cycle, for example pyridine, pyrimidine, thiophene, etc., or a condensed aryl or heteroaryl group, for example naphthalene, anthracene, phenanthrene, quinoline, isoquinoline, etc., understood.
  • An aromatic ring system in the sense of this invention contains 6 to 60 C atoms, preferably 6 to 40 C atoms, particularly preferably 6 to 30 C atoms in the ring system.
  • a heteroaromatic ring system in the sense of this invention contains 1 to 60 C, preferably 1 to 40 C atoms, particularly preferably 1 to 30 C atoms and at least one hetero atom in the
  • Heteroatoms gives at least 5.
  • the heteroatoms are preferably selected from N, O and / or S.
  • An aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system in the sense of this invention is to be understood as a system which does not necessarily contain only aryl or heteroaryl groups, but also in which several aryl - Or heteroaryl groups by a non-aromatic unit (preferably less than 10% of the atoms other than H), such as.
  • B. a C, N or O atom or a carbonyl group may be interrupted.
  • systems such as 9,9'-spirobifluorene, 9,9-diarylfluorene, triarylamine, diaryl ether, stilbene, etc.
  • aromatic ring systems in the sense of this invention, and also systems in which two or more aryl groups, for example are interrupted by a linear or cyclic alkyl group or by a silyl group. Furthermore, systems in which two or more aryl or heteroaryl groups are used directly
  • biphenyl, terphenyl, quaterphenyl or bipyridine also as aromatic or heteroaromatic
  • a cyclic alkyl, alkoxy or thioalkoxy group in the sense of this invention means a monocyclic, a bicyclic or a polycyclic group.
  • An alkenyl group means, for example, ethenyl, propenyl, butenyl, pentenyl, cyclopentenyl, hexenyl, cyclohexenyl, heptenyl, cycloheptenyl, octenyl, cyclooctenyl or cyclooctadienyl.
  • An alkynyl group means, for example, ethynyl, propynyl, butynyl, pentynyl, hexynyl, heptynyl or octynyl.
  • a Ci to C 4 o -alkoxy group means, for example, methoxy, trifluoromethoxy, ethoxy, n-propoxy, i-propoxy, n-butoxy, i-butoxy, s-butoxy, t-butoxy or 2-methylbutoxy.
  • aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system with 5 to 60, preferably 5 - 40 aromatic ring atoms, particularly preferably 5 to 30 aromatic ring atoms, which can also be substituted in each case with the radicals mentioned above and which can be substituted by any
  • Positions on the aromatic or heteroaromatic can be linked, for example, groups derived from benzene, naphthalene, anthracene, benzanthracene, phenanthrene, benzophenanthrene, pyrene, chrysene, perylene, fluoranthene, benzfluoranthene, naphthacene, Pentacen, benzpyrene, biphenyl, biphenylene, terphenyl, terphenylene, fluorene, spirobifluorene, dihydrophenanthrene, dihydropyrene, tetrahydropyrene, cis or trans-lindenofluorene, cis or trans-monobenzoindenofluorene, cis or trans-dibenzoindenofluorene, tris , Spirotruxes, spiroisotruxes, furan, benzofuran, isobenzofuran
  • the activated alkene can preferably be represented by formula (II)
  • X is OH, OR d or NR d 2 ;
  • R d is H, D, a straight-chain alkyl, alkoxy or thioalkoxy group with 1 to 20 C atoms or an alkenyl or alkynyl group with 2 to 20 C atoms or a branched or cyclic alkyl, alkoxy or thioalkoxy group with 3 to 20 carbon atoms, where the alkyl, alkoxy, thioalkoxy, alkenyl or alkynyl group can each be substituted by one or more radicals R 1 , two radicals R d here may also be a mono- or polycyclic, aliphatic radical or form an aromatic ring system, where R 1 is the same as above,
  • Alkenyl or alkynyl group with 2 to 20 C atoms or a branched or cyclic alkyl, alkoxy or thioalkoxy group with 3 to 20 C atoms, the alkyl, alkoxy, thioalkoxy, alkenyl or alkynyl group in each case with can be substituted by one or more radicals R 1 , one or more non-adjacent CH 2 groups by or CONR 1 can be replaced, or an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system with 5 to 40 aromatic ring atoms, each of which can be substituted by one or more radicals R 1 , or one
  • Aryloxy or heteroaryloxy group with 5 to 40 aromatic ring atoms which can be substituted by one or more radicals R 1 ; two radicals R here may also form a mono- or polycyclic, aliphatic or aromatic ring system with one another, where R 1 has the meaning given above, in particular for formula (I).
  • R 1 has the meaning given above, in particular for formula (I).
  • the alkene provided in step B) is derived from a ketone of the formulas (IIIa) to (Mo)
  • the activated alkene provided in step B) is a chiral compound and is used with an excess of enantiomers.
  • the activated alkene provided in step B) is a chiral compound and is used as a racemate.
  • the activated alkene provided in step B) can be obtained from a ketone via appropriate reactions.
  • the corresponding ketones in particular ketones of the formulas (IIIa) to (Mo), are commercially available in many cases, both for the racemates and for compositions with excess enantiomers
  • the preferred bi-, tri-, oligocyclic ketones set out above can be used, for example, as enolates or in the form of the derived enamines
  • secondary amines can be used to produce preferred enamines, preferred amines in particular cyclic secondary amines, such as e.g. Pyrrolidine [123-75-1], piperidine [110-89-4] and morpholine [110-91 -8].
  • the reaction may be in a suitable solvent, preferably a hydrocarbon solvent such as
  • step C) is carried out at temperatures below 200 ° C., preferably below 160 ° C. Furthermore, it can be provided that step C) is carried out in a solvent. Preferably, a high-boiling inert
  • Solvents are used. Typical solvents include dichlorobenzene, benzonitrile, nitrobenzene, DMSO, DMAC, NMP, oligo- / polyethers such as di-, tri, tetra-ethylene glycol dimethyl ether, etc.
  • the solvents are also suitable with a boiling point ⁇ 150 ° C., the reaction preferably being carried out in a stirred autoclave.
  • Typical solvents with a boiling point ⁇ 150 ° C are, for example, heptane, cyclohexane, toluene, methyl tert-butyl ether, THF, dioxane, acetone, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, acetonitrile, etc.
  • Solvents can be used individually or as a mixture.
  • the molar ratio of 1,2,4-triazine to activated alkene preferably an enamine or an enolate, preferably in a range from 2.0: 1.0 to 0.5: 2.0, particularly preferably in a range from 1.0: 1.0 up to 1.0: 1.2.
  • the basics of the manufacturing processes described above are in
  • the 1,2,4-triazine is preferably obtained by reacting a 1,2-dicarbonyl with a formamidrazone.
  • the formamidrazone is preferably in situ by reacting a
  • the formamidrazone can preferably be represented by the formula (IV)
  • Triazines by reacting a 1, 2-dicarbonyl with a formamidrazone are known in principle from the literature for similar compounds and can easily be adapted by the person skilled in the art to prepare the compounds according to the invention. Further information can be found in the examples.
  • Typical solvents are, for example, alcohols, methanol, ethanol and corresponding polar ones
  • Solvents etc. can be used individually or as a mixture.
  • the purification of the 1,2,4-triazine obtained in this way can be carried out in a known manner, for example by
  • Crystallization from a suitable solvent or solvent mixture typically solvents are, for example: heptane, cyclohexane, toluene, methyl tert-butyl ether, THF, dioxane, acetone, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, acetonitrile, isopropanol, ethanol, methanol, etc.
  • solvents typically are, for example: heptane, cyclohexane, toluene, methyl tert-butyl ether, THF, dioxane, acetone, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, acetonitrile, isopropanol, ethanol, methanol, etc.
  • the 1, 2,4-triazine by reacting a Nitroaromatic or heteroaromatic is obtained with an amidine compound.
  • steps A) to C) can be reacted with known compounds comprising at least one aromatic or heteroaromatic group by known coupling reactions, the necessary conditions for this being known to the person skilled in the art and detailed information in the examples for the person skilled in the art to carry them out Support implementations.
  • Particularly suitable and preferred coupling reactions which all lead to C-C linkages and / or C-N linkages are those according to BUCHWALD, SUZUKI, YAMAMOTO, STILLE, HECK, NEGISHI,
  • the compounds obtainable according to the invention can be obtained in high purity, preferably more than 99% (determined by means of H-NMR and / or HPLC). In a further embodiment it can be provided that the
  • Compound which can be obtained by the process according to the invention comprises a fused aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system with at least 2, preferably three fused rings, which may optionally be substituted.
  • At least one of the connections provided in step A) and / or step B) comprises a hole transport group or the product obtained in step C) is reacted with a connection comprising hole transport group, preferably in a structure according to the formulas (I) to (IV) a group R, R a , R b or R c comprises a hole transport group, preferably represents.
  • Hole transport groups are known in the art, these preferably comprising triarylamine or carbazole groups.
  • the hole transport group comprises a group, preferably stands for a group which is selected from the formulas (H-1) to (H-3),
  • p 0 or 1
  • the hole transport group comprises a group, preferably stands for a group which is selected from the formulas (H-4) to (H-26),
  • Ar 2 represents an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system with 5 to 14 aromatic or heteroaromatic ring atoms, preferably an aromatic ring system with 6 to 12 carbon atoms, which can be substituted by one or more radicals R 1 , but is preferably unsubstituted where R 1 can have the meaning given above, in particular for formula (I).
  • Ar 2 particularly preferably represents an aromatic ring system with 6 to 10 aromatic ring atoms or a heteroaromatic ring system with 6 to 13 heteroaromatic
  • Ring atoms each of which can be substituted by one or more radicals R 1 , but is preferably unsubstituted, where R 1 can have the meaning given above, in particular for formula (I).
  • Ar 2 which is set out, inter alia, in formulas (H-1) to (H-26), preferably represents an aryl or fleteroaryl radical having 5 to 24 ring atoms, preferably 6 to 13 ring atoms, particularly preferably 6 to 10 ring atoms, so that an aromatic or heteroaromatic group of an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system is bound directly, ie via an atom of the aromatic or heteroaromatic group, to the respective atom of the further group.
  • the group Ar 2 set out in formulas (H-1) to (H-26) is an aromatic ring system with at most two fused aromatic and / or heteroaromatic 6 rings, preferably not a fused aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system with fused 6 - Rings includes. Accordingly,
  • Naphthyl structures preferred over anthracene structures.
  • Farther fluorenyl, spirobifluorenyl, dibenzofuranyl and / or dibenzothienyl structures are preferred over naphthyl structures.
  • Structures which have no condensation, such as, for example, phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl and / or quaterphenyl structures, are particularly preferred.
  • Fleteroatom and particularly preferably has no fleteroatom.
  • Ar 3 and / or Ar 4 are the same or different for each occurrence
  • aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system with 6 to 24
  • aromatic ring atoms preferably with 6 to 18 aromatic
  • Ring atoms particularly preferably for an aromatic ring system with 6 to 12 aromatic ring atoms or a heteroaromatic ring system with 6 to 13 aromatic ring atoms, which can in each case be substituted by one or more radicals R 1 , but is preferably unsubstituted, where R 1 is the same as above, can have in particular meaning represented in formula (I).
  • At least one of the compounds provided in step A) and / or step B) is reacted with a residue containing an electron transport group or the product obtained in step C) with a compound comprising an electron transport group, preferably in a structure according to the formulas (I) to (IV) a group R, R a , R b or R c comprises an electron transport group-containing radical, preferably represents.
  • Electron transport groups are well known in the art and promote the ability of compounds to transport and / or conduct electrons
  • compounds obtainable according to the present process show surprising advantages, which comprise at least one structure selected from the group pyridines, pyrimidines, pyrazines, pyridazines, triazines, quinazolines, quinoxalines, quinolines, isoquinolines, imidazoles and / or benzimidazoles is selected, pyrimidines, triazines and quinazolines being particularly preferred.
  • the radical containing the electron transport group comprises a group, preferably represents a group which can be represented by the formula (QL),
  • L 1 represents a bond or an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system with 5 to 40, preferably 5 to 30 aromatic ring atoms, which can be substituted by one or more radicals R 1 , Q is an electron transport group, where R 1 is the previously
  • the group L 1 can preferably form a continuous conjugation with the group Q and the atom, preferably the carbon or nitrogen atom, to which the group L 1 according to formula (QL) is bonded.
  • a continuous conjugation of the aromatic respectively
  • heteroaromatic systems are formed as soon as direct bonds are formed between adjacent aromatic or heteroaromatic rings.
  • a further link between the aforementioned conjugated groups for example via an S, N or O atom or a carbonyl group, does not harm a conjugation.
  • the two aromatic rings are bonded directly, although the sp 3 hybridized carbon atom in position 9 is one
  • L 1 represents a bond or an aromatic or heteroaromatic
  • Ring atoms preferably an aromatic ring system with 6 to 12 carbon atoms, which by one or more radicals R 1
  • R 1 may have the meaning given above, in particular for formula (I).
  • L 1 particularly preferably represents an aromatic ring system with 6 to 10 aromatic ring atoms or a heteroaromatic ring system with 6 to 13 heteroaromatic ring atoms, which can in each case be substituted by one or more radicals R 1 , but is preferably unsubstituted, where R 1 is the same as above, can have in particular the meaning given for formula (I).
  • L 1 is preferably the same or different at each occurrence for a bond or an aryl or heteroaryl radical having 5 to 24 ring atoms, preferably 6 to 13 ring atoms, particularly preferably 6 to 10 ring atoms , so that an aromatic or heteroaromatic group of an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system directly, ie via an atom of aromatic or heteroaromatic group to which the atom of the further group is bonded.
  • the group L 1 set out in formula (QL) comprises an aromatic ring system with at most two condensed aromatic and / or heteroaromatic 6-rings, preferably no condensed aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system. Accordingly, naphthyl structures are preferred over anthracene structures. Fluorenyl, spirobifluorenyl, dibenzofuranyl and / or dibenzothienyl structures are also preferred over naphthyl structures.
  • L 1 are selected from the group consisting of ortho-, meta- or para-phenylene, ortho-, meta- or para-biphenylene, terphenylene, in particular branched terphenylene, quaterphenylene, in particular branched quaterphenylene, fluorenylene, spirobifluorenylene, dibenzofuranylene, dibenzothienylene and carbazolyls, each of which may be substituted by one or more radicals R 1 , but are preferably unsubstituted.
  • the group L 1 which is set forth in formula (QL), has at most 1 nitrogen atom, preferably at most 2 fleteroatoms, particularly preferably at most one fleteroatom and particularly preferably no fleteroatom.
  • the group Q or the electron transport group set out, inter alia, in the formula (QL) can be selected from structures of the formulas (Q-1), (Q-2), (Q-4), (Q-4), (Q- 5), (Q-6), (Q-7), (Q-8), (Q-9) and / or (Q-10)
  • Q represents the same or different CR 1 or N on each occurrence, and Q represents NR 1 , O or S;
  • R 1 is as previously defined, in particular in formula (I).
  • the group Q or the electron transport group set out, inter alia, in the formula (QL) can preferably be selected from a structure of the formulas (Q-11), (Q-12), (Q-13), (Q-14) and / or (Q-15)
  • the group Q or the electron transport group set out, inter alia, in the formula (QL) can be selected from structures of the formulas (Q-16), (Q-17), (Q-18), (Q-19), (Q-20), (Q-21) and / or (Q-22)
  • the structures of the formulas (Q-16), (Q-17), (Q-18) and (Q-19) are preferred.
  • the group Q or the electron transport group set out, inter alia, in the formula (QL) can be selected from structures of the formulas (Q-23), (Q-24) and / or (Q- 25),
  • the group Q or the electron transport group set out, inter alia, in the formula (QL) can be selected from structures of the formulas (Q-26), (Q-27), (Q-28), (Q-29) and / or (Q-30),
  • Group Q or the electron transport group can be selected from structures of the formulas (Q-31), (Q-32), (Q-33), (Q-34), (Q-35), (Q-36), (Q- 37), (Q-38), (Q-39), (Q-40), (Q-41), (Q-42), (Q-43) and / or (Q-44),
  • Formula (Q-43) Formula (Q-44) in which the symbols Ar 1 and R 1 have the meaning previously given, inter alia, for formulas (I) or (H-1), the dashed bond marks the attachment position and m 0, 1 , 2, 3 or 4, preferably 0, 1 or 2, n 0, 1, 2 or 3, preferably 0 or 1, n 0, 1, 2 or 3,
  • I is 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5, preferably 0, 1 or 2.
  • Ar 1 is the same or different in each occurrence for an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system, preferably an aryl or
  • Fleteroaryl radical with 5 to 24 aromatic ring atoms preferably with 6 to 18 aromatic ring atoms, particularly preferably for an aromatic ring system, preferably an aryl radical with 6 to 12 aromatic ring atoms or a heteroaromatic ring system, preferably a fleteroaryl group with 5 to 13 aromatic ring atoms, each of which can be substituted by one or more radicals R 1 , but is preferably unsubstituted, where R 1 is the same as above, especially in formula (I)
  • Ar 1 preferably represents an aryl or heteroaryl radical, so that an aromatic or heteroaromatic group of an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system is bonded directly, ie via an atom of the aromatic or heteroaromatic group, to the respective atom of the further group, for example a C - or N atom of the groups (H-1) to (H-26) or (Q-26) to (Q-44) shown above.
  • Ar 1 in the formulas (H-1) to (H-26) or (Q-26) to (Q-44) advantageously represents an aromatic ring system with 6 to 12 aromatic ring atoms, which contains one or more radicals R 1 may be substituted, but is preferably unsubstituted, where R 1 may have the meaning given above, in particular for formula (I).
  • the radicals R 1 or R 2 in the formulas (H-1) to (H-26) or (Q-1) to (Q-44) with the ring atoms of the aryl group or heteroaryl group preferably form Ar 1 , Ar 2 , Ar 3 and / or Ar 4 , to which the radicals R 1 or R 2 are bound, no condensed ring system. This includes the formation of a condensed ring system with possible R 2 substituents that may be attached to the R 1 radicals.
  • substituents R are particularly preferably selected from the group consisting of H, D, F, CN, N (Ar) 2 , a straight-chain alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, preferably having 1, 2, 3 or 4 carbon atoms , or a branched or cyclic alkyl group with 3 to 8 carbon atoms, preferably with 3 or 4 carbon atoms, or an alkenyl group with 2 to 8 carbon atoms, preferably with 2, 3 or 4 carbon atoms, each with a or more radicals R 1 can be substituted, but is preferably unsubstituted, or an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system with 5 to 24 aromatic ring atoms, preferably with 6 to 18 aromatic ring atoms, particularly preferably with 6 to 13 aromatic ring atoms, each with one or more non-aromatic radicals R 1 can be substituted, but is preferably unsubstituted; optionally two substituents R 1 , preferably those on adjacent ones
  • Carbon atoms are bonded, form a monocyclic or polycyclic, aliphatic ring system which can be substituted with one or more radicals R 2 , but is preferably unsubstituted, where Ar can have the meaning set out above.
  • the substituents R, R a , R b or R c are very particularly preferably selected from the group consisting of H or an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system with 6 to 18 aromatic ring atoms, preferably with 6 to 13 aromatic ring atoms, each with one or more non-aromatic radicals R 1 may be substituted, but is preferably unsubstituted.
  • substituents R are selected from the group consisting of phenyl, ortho-, meta- or para-biphenyl, terphenyl, in particular branched terphenyl, quaterphenyl, in particular branched quaterphenyl, 1-, 2-, 3- or 4-fluorenyl, 1-, 2-, 3- or 4-spirobifluorenyl, pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, 1- , 2-, 3- or 4-dibenzofuranyl, 1-, 2-, 3- or 4-dibenzothienyl, 1-, 2-, 3- or 4-carbazolyl and indenocarbazolyl, each of which is substituted by one or more radicals R 1 can, but are preferably unsubstituted.
  • substituents R b and R c do not form a condensed aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system with one another, preferably do not form a condensed ring system. This includes the formation of one
  • the group Ar, Ar 1 , Ar 2 , Ar 3 and / or Ar 4 is selected from the group consisting of phenyl, ortho-, meta- or para-biphenyl, terphenyl, in particular branched terphenyl, quaterphenyl, in particular branched quaterphenyl, 1 -, 2-, 3- or 4-fluorenyl, 1 -, 2-, 3- or 4-spirobifluorenyl, pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, 1-, 2-, 3- or 4-dibenzofuranyl, 1 -, 2-, 3- or 4-dibenzothienyl, pyrenyl, triazinyl, imimdazolyl, benzimidazolyl, benzoxazolyl, benzthiazolyl, 1-,
  • the compound obtainable according to the invention comprises at least two, preferably at least three non-aromatic or non-heteroaromatic multicyclic ring systems with at least 2, preferably at least 3 rings.
  • Ring atoms each of which may be substituted with one or more R 2 radicals, but is preferably unsubstituted, or an aralkyl or fleteroaralkyl group having 5 to 25 aromatic ring atoms, which may be substituted with one or more R 2 radicals; optionally two substituents R 1 , which are preferably bonded to adjacent carbon atoms, can form a monocyclic or polycyclic, aliphatic, aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system which can be substituted by one or more radicals R 1 , the group Ar 1 being the above, in particular for formulas (H-1) to (H-3).
  • substituents R 1 are particularly preferably selected from the group consisting of H, D, F, CN, N (Ar 1 ) 2, a straight-chain alkyl group having 1 to 8 C atoms, preferably 1, 2, 3 or 4 C. -Atoms, or a branched or cyclic alkyl group with 3 to 8 carbon atoms, preferably with 3 or 4 carbon atoms, or an alkenyl group with 2 to 8 carbon atoms, preferably with 2, 3 or 4 carbon atoms, each can be substituted with one or more radicals R 2 , but is preferably unsubstituted, or an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system with 5 to 24 aromatic ring atoms, preferably with 6 to 18 aromatic ring atoms, particularly preferably with 6 to 13 aromatic ring atoms, each with one or more non-aromatic radicals R 1 may be substituted, but is preferably unsubstituted; optionally two substituents R 1 , preferably those on adjacent ones
  • Carbon atoms are bound, a monocyclic or polycyclic, Form an aliphatic ring system which can be substituted by one or more radicals R 2 , but is preferably unsubstituted, where Ar 1 can have the meaning set out above.
  • the substituents R 1 are very particularly preferably selected from the group consisting of H or an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system with 6 to 18 aromatic ring atoms, preferably with 6 to 13 aromatic ring atoms, each with one or more non-aromatic radicals R 2 may be substituted, but is preferably unsubstituted.
  • substituents R 1 are selected from the group consisting of phenyl, ortho-, meta- or para-biphenyl, terphenyl, in particular branched terphenyl, quaterphenyl, in particular branched quaterphenyl, 1-, 2-, 3- or 4- Fluorenyl, 1-, 2-, 3- or 4-spirobifluorenyl, pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, 1 -, 2-, 3- or 4-dibenzofuranyl, 1 -, 2-, 3- or 4-dibenzothienyl, 1 -, 2- , 3- or 4-carbazolyl and indenocarbazolyl, each of which may be substituted by one or more radicals R 2 , but are preferably unsubstituted.
  • heteroaromatic ring system according to formulas (I) to (IV) with the ring atoms of the aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system do not form a condensed aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system, preferably no condensed ring system.
  • At least one radical R 1 represents a group which is selected from the formulas (R 1 -1) to (R 1-92), or in a structure according to the formula to (H-26) and / or (Q-1) to (Q-44) at least one radical Ar 1 or R 1 represents a group (H-1) which is selected from the formulas (R 1 -1) to (R 1 - 92)
  • Y 1 is O, S or NR 2 , preferably O or S;
  • k is independently 0 or 1 at each occurrence
  • i is independent on each occurrence 0, 1 or 2;
  • j is independently 0, 1, 2 or 3 at each occurrence
  • h is independently 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4 at each occurrence
  • g is independently 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5 at each occurrence
  • R 2 can have the meaning given above, in particular for formula (I), and
  • the dashed binding marks the binding position.
  • the groups of the formulas R 1 -1 to R 1 -54 are preferred, the groups R 1 -1, R i -3, R 1 -5, R 1 -6, R 1 -15, R 1 -29, R 1 -30, R 1 -31, R 1 -32, R 1 -33, R 1 -38, R 1 -39, R 1 -40, R 1 -41, R 1 -42, R 1 -43, R 1 -44 and / or R 1 -45 particularly preferred.
  • the sum of the indices k, i, j, h and g in the structures of the formulas (R 1 -1) to (R 1 -92) is in each case at most 3, preferably at most 2 and particularly preferably at most 1 .
  • radicals R 2 in the formulas (R 1 -1) to (R 1 -92) together with the ring atoms of the aryl group or fleteroaryl group to which the radicals R 2 are bonded form no condensed aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system, preferably no condensed ring system .
  • Group L 1 stands for a bond or for a group which is selected from the formulas (L 1 -1) to (L 1 -108)
  • Formula (L 1 -106) Formula (L 1 -107) Formula (U-108) where the dashed bonds each mark the attachment positions, the index k is 0 or 1, the index I is 0, 1 or 2, the index j is independently 0, 1, 2 or 3 on each occurrence; the index h is independently 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4 on each occurrence, the index g is 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5; the symbol Y 1 is O, S or NR 1 , preferably O or S; and the symbol R 1 has the meaning given above, in particular for formula (I).
  • the sum of the indices k, I, g, h and j in the structures of the formulas (L 1 -1) to (L 1 -108) is in each case at most 3, preferably at most 2 and particularly preferably at most 1 .
  • Formulas (H-1) to (H-26) comprise a group Ar 2 which is selected from one of the formulas (L 1 -1) to (L 1 -78) and / or (U-92) to (U- 108), preferably of the formula (L 1 -1) to (U-54) and / or (L 1 -92) to (U-108), particularly preferably of the formula (U-1) to (U-29) and / or (U-92) to (U-103).
  • the sum of the indices k, I, g, h and j in the structures of the formulas (U-1) to (U-78) and / or (U-92) to (U-108), preferably of the formula, can advantageously be used (U-1) to (U-54) and / or (U-92) to (U-108), particularly preferably of the formula (U-1) to (U-29) and / or (U-92) to (U-103) each
  • Preferred compounds according to the invention having a group of the formula (QL) comprise a group L 1 which is a bond or which is selected from one of the formulas (L 1 -1) to (L 1 -78) and / or (L 1 -92) to (L 1 -108), preferably of the formula (L 1 -1) to (L 1 - 54) and / or (U-92) to (L 1 - 108), particularly preferably of the formula (L 1 -1) to (U-29) and / or (L 1 -92) to (U-103).
  • radicals R 1 in the formulas (L 1 -1) to (U-108) with the ring atoms of the aryl group or fleteroaryl group to which the radicals R 1 are bonded do not form a condensed aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system, preferably no condensed ring system. This includes the formation of a condensed ring system with possible substituents
  • R 2 which can be bound to the radicals R 2 .
  • the compound according to the invention is substituted with aromatic or heteroaromatic groups R 1 or R 2 , it is preferred if these have no aryl or fleteroaryl groups with more than two aromatic six-membered rings which are fused directly to one another.
  • the substituents particularly preferably have no aryl or fletero-aryl groups with six-membered rings fused directly to one another. This preference is due to the low triplet energy of such structures.
  • Condensed aryl groups with more than two aromatic six-membered rings which are condensed directly to one another and which are nevertheless also suitable according to the invention are phenanthrene and triphenylene, since these too have a high triplet level.
  • preferred compounds may contain corresponding groups, for example fluorene, anthracene and / or pyrene groups, which may be substituted by groups R 1 or R 2 or which by appropriate
  • R 2 for example in the case of a structure according to formulas (I) to (IV) and preferred embodiments of this structure or the structures in which reference is made to these formulas, is selected identically or differently from each occurrence the group consisting of H, D, an aliphatic hydrocarbon radical with 1 to 10 C atoms, preferably with 1, 2, 3 or 4 C atoms, or an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system with 5 to 30 aromatic ring atoms, preferably with 5 to 24 aromatic ring atoms, particularly preferably having 5 to 13 aromatic ring atoms, which may be substituted by one or more alkyl groups each having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, but is preferably unsubstituted.
  • the radicals R 2 preferably do not form a condensed aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system, preferably no condensed ring system, with the ring atoms of the aryl group or fleteroaryl group to which the radicals R 2 are bonded.
  • Purposes can be used.
  • Embodiments can be combined with one another as desired.
  • the preferred embodiments mentioned above apply simultaneously.
  • the bi- / polycycle shown in formulas (II) or (V) is preferably a non-aromatic or non-heteroaromatic multicyclic
  • Ring system with at least 2, preferably at least 3 rings.
  • the bi- / polycycle shown in formulas (II) or (V) forms a partial structure of the formulas (N-1) to (N-14)
  • the dashed lines represent the linkages of the bi- / polycycle to the pyridine structure shown in formula (V), to which the bi- / polycycle is condensed.
  • the partial structures of the formulas (N-1) to (N-14) described can be substituted by one or more radicals R, where R has the meaning given above, in particular for formula (I).
  • a compound has at least two of the structures shown in formula (V).
  • these compounds can be prepared in that one of the radicals R a , R b and R c represents a bond or a linking group, the linking group preferably being a group L 1 which has the above, in particular for formula (QL ) has the meaning mentioned.
  • These compounds with preferably two of the structures shown in formula (V) are preferably symmetrical, the symmetry being given via the linking group or the bond which connects the at least two of the structures shown in formula (V).
  • compounds obtainable according to the invention preferably compounds having structures of the formula (V), selected from the group of the phenyls, halogenated phenyls,
  • Spirocarbazoles pyrimidines, triazines, lactams, triarylamines,
  • Benzimidazoles Benzoxazole, Benzthiazole, 5-Aryl-Phenanthridin-6-one, 9,10-Dehydrophenanthrene, Fluoranthene, Anthracene, Pyrene, Perylene, Borane, Triarylborane, Heteroarylborane, Borazane, Benzanthracene, Fluoradene.
  • compounds obtainable according to the invention preferably compounds with structures according to formula (V), can be represented by structures according to formula (V).
  • Compounds obtainable according to the invention preferably compounds having structures of the formula (V), preferably have a molecular weight of less than or equal to 5000 g / mol, preferably less than or equal to 4000 g / mol, particularly preferably less than or equal to 3000 g / mol, particularly preferably less than or equal to 2000 g / mol and very particularly preferably less than or equal to 1200 g / mol.
  • preferred compounds according to the invention are distinguished in that they can be sublimed. These compounds generally have a molecular weight of less than approximately 1200 g / mol.
  • Residue can be bound directly to structure (V) or via a
  • linking group the linking group preferably being a group L 1 which has the meaning given above, in particular for formula (QL).
  • the radicals of the formulas (R 1 -1) to (R 1 -92), (H-1) to (H-26) and / or (Q-1) to (Q-44) via a bond or are particularly preferred a group of the formulas (L 1 -1) to (L 1 -108), particularly preferably (L 1 -1) to (L 1 -5) and / or (L 1 -92) to (L 1 -103) with linked to the pyridine structure shown in formula (V).
  • linking group the linking group preferably being a group L 1 which has the meaning given above, in particular for formula (QL). This applies in particular to residues of the formulas (R 1 -1) to (R 1 -92) and / or (Q-1) to (Q-44).
  • the radicals of the formulas (R 1 -1) to (R 1 -92), (H-1) to (H-26) and / or (Q-1) to (Q-44) via a bond or are particularly preferred a group of the formulas (L 1 -1) to (L 1 -108), particularly preferably (L 1 -1) to (L 1 -5) and / or (L 1 -92) to (L 1 -103) with of the 5 pyridine structure shown in formula (V).
  • the expression "(L 1 -1) to (L 1 -108), preferably (L 1 -1) to (L 1 -5) and / or (L 1 -92) to (L 1 -103)” means that the corresponding radical R a , R b or R c comprises a group of the formula (L 1 -1) to (L 1 -108), to or via which the two structures of the formula (V) are bonded, so that the Compound 0 comprising two structures according to formula (V) comprises exactly one radical R a , R b or R c , via which the remaining partial structures are connected.
  • R a , R b or R c each represent a bond via which the two structures of the formula (V) are connected, so that the
  • Compound comprising two structures according to formula (V) comprises exactly one radical R a , R b or R c , via which the remaining partial structures are connected.
  • the compounds obtainable according to the invention can also have suitable substituents, for example by longer alkyl groups (approx. 4 to 20 carbon atoms), in particular branched alkyl groups, or optionally substituted aryl groups, for example xylyl or mesityl - or branched terphenyl or quaterphenyl groups, which cause solubility in common organic solvents, so that the compounds
  • the compounds obtainable according to the invention can also be mixed with a polymer. It is also possible to covalently incorporate these compounds into a polymer. This is possible in particular with compounds which are substituted with reactive leaving groups, such as bromine, iodine, chlorine, boronic acid or boronic acid esters, or with reactive, polymerizable groups, such as olefins or oxetanes. These can be used as monomers to produce corresponding oligomers, Dendrimers or polymers are used. The oligomerization or polymerization is preferably carried out via the halogen functionality or the boronic acid functionality or via the polymerizable group. It is also possible to crosslink the polymers via such groups.
  • the compounds and polymers according to the invention can be used as a crosslinked or uncrosslinked layer.
  • the invention therefore furthermore relates to oligomers, polymers or dendrimers containing one or more of the above
  • Structures of the formula (V) or compounds obtainable according to the invention one or more bonds of the compounds according to the invention or the structures of the formula (V) to the polymer, oligomer or dendrimer being present. Depending on the linkage of the structures of the formula (V) or of the compounds, they therefore form a side chain of the oligomer or polymer or are linked in the main chain.
  • the polymers, oligomers or dendrimers can be conjugated, partially conjugated or non-conjugated.
  • the oligomers or polymers can be linear, branched or dendritic. The same preferences as described above apply to the repeat units of the compounds according to the invention in oligomers, dendrimers and polymers.
  • the monomers according to the invention are homopolymerized or copolymerized with other monomers.
  • Copolymers are preferred, the units of the formula (V) or the preferred embodiments described above and below being present in an amount of 0.01 to 99.9 mol%, preferably 5 to 90 mol%, particularly preferably 20 to 80 mol%.
  • Suitable and preferred comonomers which form the polymer backbone are selected from fluorenes (e.g. according to EP 842208 or WO 2000/022026), spirobifluorenes (e.g. according to EP 707020, EP 894107 or WO
  • ketones e.g. according to WO
  • the polymers, oligomers and dendrimers can also contain further units, for example hole transport units, in particular those based on triaryl amines, and / or electron transport units.
  • Preferred embodiments described below are preferred which have a glass transition temperature of at least 70 ° C., particularly preferably of at least 110 ° C., very particularly preferably of at least 125 ° C. and particularly preferably of at least 150 ° C., determined according to DIN 51005 (version 2005-08 ).
  • Formulations of the compounds according to the invention are required for processing the compounds according to the invention from the liquid phase, for example by spin coating or by printing processes. These formulations can be, for example, solutions, dispersions or emulsions. It may be preferred to use mixtures of two or more solvents for this. Suitable and preferred solvents are, for example, toluene, anisole, o-, m- or p-xylene, methylbenzoate,
  • Another object of the present invention is therefore a formulation containing a compound according to the invention and at least one further compound.
  • the further compound can be, for example, a solvent, in particular one of the solvents mentioned above, or a mixture of these solvents.
  • the further compound can also be at least one further organic or inorganic compound which is also used in the electronic device, for example an emitting compound, for example a fluorescent dopant, a phosphorescent dopant or a compound, the TADF (thermally activated delayed fluorescence ) shows, in particular a phosphorescent dopant, and / or a further matrix material.
  • This further connection can also be polymeric.
  • Yet another object of the present invention is therefore a composition containing a compound according to the invention and at least one further organically functional material.
  • Functional materials are generally the organic or inorganic materials that are inserted between the anode and cathode.
  • the organically functional material is preferably selected from the group consisting of fluorescent emitters, phosphorescent emitters, emitters which show TADF (thermally activated delayed fluorescence), flost materials, electron transport materials,
  • Electron injection materials hole conductor materials
  • the present invention therefore also relates to a composition comprising at least one compound obtainable according to the invention, preferably a compound comprising structures of the formula (V) or the preferred embodiments described above and below and at least one further matrix material.
  • the further matrix material has hole-transporting properties.
  • the present invention further provides a composition comprising at least one compound obtainable according to the invention, preferably a compound comprising structures of the formula (V) or the preferred embodiments described above and below, and at least one wide-band gap material, under Wide -Band- gap material is understood to be a material in the sense of the disclosure of US 7,294,849.
  • the additional connection can preferably have a band gap of 2.5 eV or more, preferably 3.0 eV or more, very preferably 3.5 eV or more.
  • the band gap can be calculated using the energy levels of the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) and the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO).
  • HOMO highest occupied molecular orbital
  • LUMO lowest unoccupied molecular orbital
  • the lowest triplet state Ti is defined as the energy of the triplet state with the lowest energy, which results from the quantum chemical calculation described.
  • the lowest excited singlet state Si is defined as the energy of the excited singlet state with the lowest energy, which results from the quantum chemical calculation described.
  • the method described here is independent of the software package used and always delivers the same results. Examples of frequently used programs for this purpose are “Gaussian09W” (Gaussian Inc.) and Q-Chem 4.1 (Q-Chem, Inc.).
  • the present invention also relates to a composition
  • a composition comprising at least one compound obtainable according to the invention, preferably a compound comprising structures according to formula (V) or the preferred embodiments described above and below, and at least one phosphorescent emitter, the term phosphorescent emitter also being understood to mean phosphorescent dopants .
  • a dopant In a system containing a matrix material and a dopant, a dopant is understood to mean that component whose proportion in the mixture is the smaller one. Accordingly, a matrix material in a system containing a matrix material and a dopant is understood to mean that component whose proportion in the mixture is the larger.
  • Preferred phosphorescent dopants for use in matrix systems, preferably mixed-matrix systems, are the preferred phosphorescent dopants given below. The term phosphorescent dopants are typical
  • Suitable phosphorescent compounds are, in particular, compounds which, when suitably excited, emit light, preferably in the visible range, and also at least one atom of atomic number greater than 20, preferably greater than 38 and less than 84, particularly preferably greater than 56 and less than 80 contain, especially a metal with this atomic number.
  • Preferred phosphorescence emitters are compounds which contain copper, molybdenum, tungsten, rhenium,
  • An electronic device is understood to mean a device which contains the anode, cathode and at least one layer located between the anode and cathode, this layer containing at least one organic or organometallic compound.
  • Electronic device thus contains anode, cathode and at least one layer in between, which contains at least one compound comprising structures of the formula (I).
  • Preferred electronic devices are selected from the group consisting of organic electroluminescent devices (OLEDs, PLEDs), organic integrated circuits (O-ICs), organic field-effect transistors (O-FETs), organic thin-film transistors (O-TFTs), organic light-emitting devices Transistors (O-LETs), organic solar cells (O-SCs), organic optical detectors, organic photoreceptors, organic field quench devices (O-FQDs), organic electrical sensors, light-emitting electrochemical cells
  • OLEDs organic electroluminescent devices
  • O-ICs organic integrated circuits
  • O-FETs organic field-effect transistors
  • O-TFTs organic thin-film transistors
  • O-TFTs organic light-emitting devices Transistors
  • O-LETs organic solar cells
  • O-SCs organic optical detectors, organic photoreceptors, organic
  • organic electroluminescent devices OLEDs, PLEDs, in particular phosphorescent OLEDs, contained in at least one Layer at least one compound comprising structures of the formula (I).
  • OLEDs organic laser diodes
  • OLEDs organic laser diodes
  • DM Koller et ai Organic plasmon emitting devices
  • OLEDs organic electroluminescent devices
  • PLEDs organic electroluminescent devices
  • phosphorescent OLEDs contained in at least one Layer at least one compound comprising structures of the formula (I).
  • Organic electroluminescent devices are particularly preferred.
  • Active components are generally the organic or inorganic materials which are introduced between the anode and cathode, for example charge injection, charge transport or charge blocking materials, but in particular emission materials and matrix materials.
  • Organic electroluminescent devices are a preferred embodiment of the invention.
  • the organic electroluminescent device contains cathode, anode and at least one emitting layer. In addition to these layers, it can also contain further layers, for example one or more hole
  • Electron injection layers exciton blocking layers
  • Electron blocking layers, charge generation layers and / or organic or inorganic p / n junctions It is possible that one or more hole transport layers are p-doped, for example with metal oxides such as M0O3 or WO3 or with (per) fluorinated
  • Electron transport layers are n-doped.
  • interlayers can be introduced between two emitting layers which, for example, have an exciton-blocking function and / or
  • the organic electroluminescent device can be a
  • the organic electroluminescent device contains the compound according to the invention, preferably a compound comprising structures of the formula (V) or the preferred embodiments listed above as
  • Matrix material preferably as an electron-conducting matrix material in one or more emitting layers, preferably in combination with a further matrix material, preferably a hole-conducting one
  • the further matrix material an electron transporting compound.
  • the further matrix material is a compound with a large band gap, which is not or not significantly involved in the hole and electron transport in the layer.
  • An emissive layer comprises at least one emissive compound.
  • the present invention comprises an organic one according to the invention
  • Electroluminescent device the compound obtainable according to the invention, preferably a compound comprising structures according to formula (V) or the preferred embodiments listed above in a hole-conducting layer or an electron-conducting layer.
  • triarylamines especially monoamines, e.g. B. according to WO 2014/015935, carbazole derivatives, e.g. B. CBP (N, N-biscarbazolylbiphenyl) or the carbazole derivatives, indolocarbazole derivatives, for example those disclosed in WO 2005/039246, US 2005/0069729, JP 2004/288381, EP 1205527 or WO 2008/086851. B. according to WO 2007/063754 or WO 2008/056746, indenocarbazole derivatives, e.g. B. according to WO 2010/136109 and WO
  • azacarbazole derivatives e.g. B. according to EP 1617710, EP 1617711, EP 1731584, JP 2005/347160, bipolar matrix materials, e.g. B. according WO 2007/137725, silanes, e.g. B. according to WO 005/111172, Azaborole or Boronester, z. B. according to WO 2006/117052, triazine derivatives, for. B. according to WO 2010/015306, WO 2007/063754 or WO 2008/056746, zinc complexes, for. B. according to EP 652273 or WO 2009/062578, diazasilol or tetraazasilol derivatives, for. B. according to WO 2010/054729, diazaphosphole
  • Derivatives e.g. B. according to WO 2010/054730, bridged carbazole derivatives, for. B. according to US 2009/0136779, WO 2010/050778, WO 2011/042107, WO 2011/088877 or WO 2012/143080, triphenylene derivatives, e.g. B. according to WO 2012/048781, lactams, e.g. B. according to WO 2011/116865, WO 2011/137951 or WO 2013/064206, 4-spirocarbazole derivatives, e.g. B. according to WO 2010/054730, bridged carbazole derivatives, for. B. according to US 2009/0136779, WO 2010/050778, WO 2011/042107, WO 2011/088877 or WO 2012/143080, triphenylene derivatives, e.g. B. according to WO 2012/048781, lactams, e.g. B. according to WO 2011/116865,
  • a further phosphorescent emitter which emits shorter-wave than the actual emitter, can act as a co-host in the
  • Preferred co-host materials are triarylamine derivatives, in particular monoamines, indenocarbazole derivatives, 4-spirocarbazole derivatives, lactams and carbazole derivatives.
  • charge-transporting matrix material and an electrically inert matrix material, which is not or not to a significant extent on
  • Charge transport is involved, such as. B. described in WO 2010/108579.
  • triplet emitter with the shorter-wave emission spectrum serves as a co-matrix for the triplet emitter with the longer-wave emission spectrum.
  • a compound obtainable according to the invention preferably a compound comprising structures of the formula (V) in, can be particularly preferably a preferred embodiment as a matrix material in a
  • the matrix material containing a compound obtainable according to the invention preferably a compound comprising structures according to formula (V) or the preferred embodiments described above and below, is present in the electronic device in combination with one or more dopants, preferably phosphorescent dopants.
  • the proportion of the matrix material in the emitting layer in this case is between 50.0 and 99.9% by volume, preferably between 80.0 and 99.5% by volume and particularly preferably for fluorescent emitting layers between 92.0 and 99.5% by volume and for phosphorescent emitting layers between 85.0 and 97.0% by volume. Accordingly, the proportion of the dopant is between 0.1 and
  • An emitting layer of an organic electroluminescent device can also contain systems comprising a plurality of matrix materials (mixed matrix systems) and / or a plurality of dopants.
  • the dopants are generally those materials whose proportion in the system is smaller and the matrix materials are those
  • the compounds obtainable according to the invention are used as a component of mixed matrix systems.
  • the mixed matrix systems include preferably two or three different matrix materials, particularly preferably two different matrix materials.
  • One of the two materials preferably represents a material with hole-transporting materials
  • electron-transporting and hole-transporting properties of the mixed matrix components can also be combined mainly or completely in a single mixed matrix component, the further or the further mixed matrix components fulfilling other functions.
  • the two different matrix materials can be present in a ratio of 1:50 to 1: 1, preferably 1:20 to 1: 1, particularly preferably 1:10 to 1: 1 and very particularly preferably 1: 4 to 1: 1.
  • Mixed matrix systems are preferred in
  • the present invention further relates to an electronic device, preferably an organic electroluminescent device, which comprises one or more compounds according to the invention and / or at least one oligomer, polymer or dendrimer according to the invention in one or more electron-conducting layers, as an electron-conducting connection.
  • an electronic device preferably an organic electroluminescent device, which comprises one or more compounds according to the invention and / or at least one oligomer, polymer or dendrimer according to the invention in one or more electron-conducting layers, as an electron-conducting connection.
  • Metals with a low work function, metal alloys or multilayer structures made of different metals are preferred as the cathode, such as, for example, alkaline earth metals, alkali metals, main group metals or lanthanides (e.g. Ca, Ba, Mg, Al, In, Mg, Yb, Sm, etc.) . Alloys made of an alkali or alkaline earth metal and silver are also suitable, for example an alloy of magnesium and silver.
  • other metals can also be used in addition to the metals mentioned, which have a relatively high work function, such as, for example, B. Ag, in which case combinations of the metals, such as Mg / Ag, Ca / Ag or Ba / Ag are usually used.
  • a thin interlayer of a high material between a metallic cathode and the organic semiconductor Dielectric constant may also be preferred to bring.
  • a metallic cathode and the organic semiconductor Dielectric constant for example, alkali metal or alkaline earth metal fluorides, but also the corresponding oxides or carbonates are possible (e.g. LiF, U2O, BaF2, MgO, NaF, CsF, CS2CO3, etc.).
  • Organic alkali metal complexes are also possible, e.g. B. Liq (lithium quinolinate).
  • the layer thickness of this layer is preferably between 0.5 and 5 nm.
  • the anode preferably has a work function greater than 4.5 eV vs. Vacuum on.
  • metals with a high redox potential are suitable for this, such as Ag, Pt or Au.
  • metal / metal oxide electrodes eg Al / Ni / NiO x , Al / PtO x
  • at least one of the electrodes must be transparent or partially transparent in order to enable either the irradiation of the organic material (O-SC) or the coupling out of light (OLED / PLED, O-LASER).
  • Preferred anode materials here are conductive mixed metal oxides.
  • ITO Indium tin oxide
  • IZO indium zinc oxide
  • conductive, doped organic materials in particular conductive doped polymers, e.g. B. PEDOT, PANI or derivatives of these polymers.
  • a p-doped hole transport material is applied to the anode as a hole injection layer, with metal oxides, for example M0O3 or WO3, or (per) fluorinated electron poor as p-dopants
  • Aromatics are suitable.
  • Other suitable p-dopants are HAT-CN (hexacano-hexaazatriphenylene) or the compound NPD9 from Novaled. Such a layer simplifies hole injection in materials with a deep HOMO, i.e. a large HOMO.
  • the device is structured (depending on the application), contacted and finally hermetically sealed, since the service life such devices drastically shortened in the presence of water and / or air.
  • an electronic device in particular an organic electroluminescent device, which thereby
  • Sublimation processes are coated.
  • the materials are evaporated in vacuum sublimation systems at an initial pressure of typically less than 10 '5 mbar, preferably less than 10 ' 6 mbar. It is also possible that the initial pressure is still lower or even higher, for example less than 10 '7 mbar.
  • an electronic device in particular an organic electroluminescent device, which thereby
  • OVPD Organic Vapor Phase Deposition
  • Carrier gas sublimation are coated.
  • the materials are applied at a pressure between 10 '5 mbar and 1 bar.
  • a special case of this process is the OVJP (Organic Vapor Jet Printing) process, in which the materials are applied directly through a nozzle and structured in this way (eg BMS Arnold et al., Appl. Phys. Lett. 2008, 92, 053301).
  • an electronic device in particular an organic electroluminescent device, which thereby
  • Electroluminescent device can also be manufactured as a hybrid system by applying one or more layers of solution and one or more other layers are evaporated.
  • an emitting layer containing a compound obtainable according to the invention preferably a compound comprising structures according to formula (V), and a matrix material from solution and to vapor-coat a hole blocking layer and / or an electron transport layer thereon in vacuo.
  • the electronic devices according to the invention are distinguished by one or more of the following surprising advantages over the prior art:
  • Hole conductor materials or as matrix materials have a very good service life.
  • Polymers or dendrimers preferably compounds, oligomers, polymers or dendrimers comprising structures according to formula (V) or the preferred ones mentioned above and below
  • Polymers or dendrimers preferably compounds, oligomers, polymers or dendrimers comprising structures according to the formula
  • Embodiments can be found in electronic devices, especially organic electroluminescent devices
  • optical loss channels can be avoided. As a result, these devices are distinguished by a high PL and thus high EL efficiency of emitters or an excellent one
  • An electronic device is understood to mean a device which
  • the component contains at least one layer that contains at least one organic compound.
  • the component can also contain inorganic materials or layers which are made entirely of inorganic materials.
  • Another object of the present invention is therefore the use of the compounds or mixtures according to the invention in an electronic device, in particular in an organic electroluminescent device.
  • Yet another object of the present invention is the use of a compound according to the invention and / or one Oligomers, polymers or dendrimers according to the invention in an electronic device as a fluorescent emitter, emitter which shows TADF (thermally activated delayed fluorescence), host material,
  • Electron transport material electron injection material
  • Hole conductor material hole injection material, electron blocking material,
  • Hole blocking material and / or wide-band gap material preferably as a fluorescent emitter (singlet emitter), host material, hole conductor material and / or electron transport material.
  • Yet another object of the present invention is an electronic device containing at least one of the compounds or mixtures according to the invention described above.
  • the preferences set out above for the connection also apply to the electronic devices.
  • Electronic device is particularly preferably selected from the group consisting of organic
  • Electroluminescent devices OLEDs, PLEDs
  • organic integrated circuits O-ICs
  • organic field-effect transistors O-FETs
  • organic thin-film transistors O-TFTs
  • organic light-emitting transistors O-LETs
  • organic solar cells O-SCs
  • organic optical detectors organic photoreceptors
  • organic field quench devices O-FQDs
  • organic electrical sensors light-emitting electrochemical cells (LECs)
  • organic laser diodes O-lasers
  • organic plasmon emitting devices OLEDs, PLEDs
  • OLEDs organic electroluminescent devices
  • the organic electroluminescent device according to the invention does not contain a separate hole injection layer and / or hole transport layer and / or hole blocking layer and / or electron transport layer, ie the emitting layer directly adjoins the hole injection layer or the anode, and / or the emitting layer directly adjoins the electron transport layer or the electron injection layer or the cathode, as described for example in WO 2005/053051. It is also possible to use a metal complex that is the same or similar to the metal complex in the emitting Layer is to be used directly adjacent to the emitting layer as hole transport or hole injection material, such as. B. in WO
  • the compounds according to the invention When used in organic electroluminescent devices, the compounds according to the invention generally have very good properties. In particular, when using the compounds according to the invention in organic electroluminescent devices
  • each feature disclosed in the present invention is to be considered an example of a generic series or an equivalent or similar feature.
  • All features of the present invention can be combined with one another in any manner, unless certain features and / or steps are mutually exclusive. This applies in particular to pulled features of the present invention. Likewise, features of non-essential combinations can be used separately (and not in combination). It should also be pointed out that many of the features, and in particular those of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, are themselves inventive and should not be regarded merely as part of the embodiments of the present invention. Independent protection may be sought for these features in addition or alternatively to any presently claimed invention.
  • the following syntheses are carried out under an inert gas atmosphere in dried solvents.
  • the metal complexes are also handled under exclusion of light or under yellow light.
  • the solvents and reagents can e.g. B. from Sigma-ALDRICH or ABCR.
  • the respective information in square brackets or the numbers given for individual connections refer to the CAS numbers of the compounds known from the literature. For compounds that can show several tautomeric forms, a tautomeric form is shown as a representative.
  • Step 1 and step 2 are identical Step 1 and step 2:
  • Step 1 and step 2 are consecutively preferred under stricter
  • the methanol is removed in vacuo at 30 ° C., the residue is taken up in 5 N aqueous hydrochloric acid (2 ml / eq) and the hydrochloric acid aqueous phase is extracted three times with methyl tert-butyl ether (1 ml / eq).
  • the hydrochloric acid aqueous phase is adjusted to pH> 10 with ice-cooling with ice-cold 1 N sodium hydroxide solution and extracted three times with dichloromethane (DCM) (2 ml / eq).
  • DCM dichloromethane
  • the desiccant is filtered off over an Alox bed (Alox, basic, activity level 1 (Woelm)) pre-slurried with dichloromethane and then concentrated to dryness in vacuo.
  • Alox bed Alox, basic, activity level 1 (Woelm)
  • the further purification is carried out by crystallization from a suitable solvent or solvent mixture (typical
  • Solvents include: heptane, cyclohexane, toluene, methyl tert-butyl ether, THF, dioxane, acetone, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, acetonitrile, isopropanol, ethanol, methanol, etc.), or by chromatography / flash chromatography on silica gel. Step 3:
  • the 1, 2,4-triazine and the enamine are placed in a ratio of 1.0: 1.0 to typically 1.0: 1.2 in a four-necked flask with a distillation bridge, internal thermometer, KPG stirrer under an argon atmosphere.
  • the mixture is heated to 150 ° C. to 200 ° C., typically 160 ° C. to 180 ° C., with stirring, for about 30 to 60 minutes. Nitrogen evolution occurs. The resulting sec. Amines distill over the
  • a high-boiling inert solvent can be added (typical solvents are e.g. dichlorobenzene, benzonitrile, nitrobenzene, DMSO, DMAC, NMP, oligo- / polyethers such as di-, tri, tetraethylene glycol dimethyl ether, etc.).
  • solvent / solvent mixture typically solvents are e.g. heptane,
  • Ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, acetonitrile which have a boiling point ⁇ 150 ° C can be used.
  • the reaction is carried out in a stirred autoclave.
  • the progress of the reaction can be followed via the pressure increase.
  • reaction conversion can e.g. can be followed via H-NMR spectroscopy.
  • the crude product is crystallized from a suitable solvent or
  • Solvent mixture typically solvents are e.g. heptane,
  • the OLED materials HTM (Hole Transport Material), TMM (Triplet Matrix Material), ETM (Electron Transport Material), SMB (Singlet Matrix Blue) have typical purities of> 99.9% n.HPLC and are sublimed at least once or were in High vacuum annealed.
  • OLEDs and OLEDs according to the prior art are produced by a general method according to WO 2004/058911, which is adapted to the circumstances described here (layer thickness variation, materials used).
  • the results of various OLEDs are presented in the following examples. Cleaned glass plates (cleaning in a Miele laboratory dishwasher, Merck Extran cleaner) that are coated with structured ITO (indium tin oxide) with a thickness of 50 nm are pretreated with UV ozone for 25 minutes (UV ozone generator PR-100, company UVP) and inside
  • PEDOTPSS coated poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) poly (styrene sulfonate), obtained as CLEVIOS TM P VP AI 4083 from Heraeus Precious Metals GmbH
  • the OLEDs basically have the following layer structure: substrate / hole injection layer 1 (HIL1) consisting of HTM1 doped with 5% NDP-9 (commercially available from Novaled), 20 nm / hole transport layer 1 (HTL1) / hole transport layer 2 ( HTL2) / emission layer (EML) / hole blocking layer (HBL) / electron transport layer (ETL) / optional
  • HIL1 substrate / hole injection layer 1
  • HTL1 hole transport layer 1
  • HTL2 hole transport layer 2
  • EML emission layer
  • HBL hole blocking layer
  • ETL electron transport layer
  • Electron injection layer EIL
  • cathode is formed by a 100 nm thick aluminum layer.
  • the emission layer always consists of at least one matrix material (host material, host material) and an emitting dopant (dopant, emitter), which is admixed to the matrix material or the matrix materials by co-evaporation in a certain volume fraction.
  • An indication like RTMM1: RTMM2: lr (L1) (55%: 35%: 10%) means that the material RTMM1 in a volume fraction of 55%, RTMM2 in a fraction of 35% and lr (L1) in a fraction of 10% is present in the layer.
  • the electron transport layer can also consist of a mixture of two materials.
  • Table 1 The materials used to manufacture the OLEDs are shown in Table 4.
  • the OLEDs are characterized by default.
  • the electroluminescence spectra the current efficiency (measured in cd / A), the Power efficiency (measured in Im / W) and the external quantum efficiency (EQE, measured in percent) depending on the luminance, calculated from current-voltage-luminance characteristics (IUL characteristics), assuming a Lambertian radiation characteristic, and the service life determined.
  • the electroluminescence spectra are determined at a luminance of 1000 cd / m 2 and from them the CIE 1931 x and y
  • the service life LD90 defines the time after which the luminance during operation with a starting brightness of
  • the compounds according to the invention can be used, inter alia, as HTM (hole transport material), TMM (triplet matrix material), ETM (electron transport material) and as phosphorescent emitter materials in the emission layer in OLEDs.
  • HTM hole transport material
  • TMM triplet matrix material
  • ETM electron transport material
  • phosphorescent emitter materials in the emission layer in OLEDs.
  • the iridium compounds according to Table 4 are used.
  • the results of the OLEDs are summarized in Table 2.
  • the iridium complexes can also be processed from solution and lead to OLEDs, which are much simpler in terms of process technology
  • PLEDs polymer light-emitting diodes
  • Electron transport layer (40 nm) / cathode together. To do this
  • ITO structure indium tin oxide, a transparent, conductive anode
  • DI water a detergent
  • UV / ozone a UV / ozone
  • the interlayer used is for hole transport, in this case HL-X from Merck is used.
  • the interlayer can also be replaced by one or more layers that only meet the condition must not be detached from the solution by the downstream processing step of the EML deposition.
  • the triplet emitters according to the invention are dissolved together with the matrix materials in toluene or chlorobenzene.
  • the typical solids content of such solutions is between 16 and 25 g / L if, as here, the typical layer thickness of 60 nm for a device is to be achieved by means of spin coating.
  • the solution-processed devices contain an emission layer made of RTMM3: RTMM4: lr (TL) (20%: 58%: 22%).
  • the emission layer is spun on in an inert gas atmosphere, in the present case argon, and baked at 160 ° C. for 10 minutes.
  • the hole blocking layer (1 Onm ETM1) and the electron transport layer are placed over it
  • the service life LD50 is defined as the time after which the luminance during operation with a starting brightness of

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un procédé de préparation de composés hétéroaromatiques azotés à encombrement stérique, destinés en particulier à être utilisés dans des dispositifs électroniques. L'invention concerne en outre des composés pouvant être obtenus au moyen de ce procédé, ainsi que des dispositifs électroniques contenant ces composés.
EP19778476.2A 2018-09-27 2019-09-24 Procédé de préparation de composés hétéroaromatiques azotés à encombrement stérique Pending EP3856717A2 (fr)

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