EP3838577B1 - Verfahren und vorrichtung zum pressen - Google Patents

Verfahren und vorrichtung zum pressen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3838577B1
EP3838577B1 EP20194239.8A EP20194239A EP3838577B1 EP 3838577 B1 EP3838577 B1 EP 3838577B1 EP 20194239 A EP20194239 A EP 20194239A EP 3838577 B1 EP3838577 B1 EP 3838577B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
strainer
pressing
scraper
cage
extension
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP20194239.8A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3838577C0 (de
EP3838577A1 (de
Inventor
Martin Fuhrmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Harburg Freudenberger Maschinenbau GmbH
Original Assignee
Harburg Freudenberger Maschinenbau GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Harburg Freudenberger Maschinenbau GmbH filed Critical Harburg Freudenberger Maschinenbau GmbH
Publication of EP3838577A1 publication Critical patent/EP3838577A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3838577C0 publication Critical patent/EP3838577C0/de
Publication of EP3838577B1 publication Critical patent/EP3838577B1/de
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B9/00—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes
    • B30B9/02—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material, e.g. juice from fruits, oil from oil-containing material
    • B30B9/12—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material, e.g. juice from fruits, oil from oil-containing material using pressing worms or screws co-operating with a permeable casing
    • B30B9/16—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material, e.g. juice from fruits, oil from oil-containing material using pressing worms or screws co-operating with a permeable casing operating with two or more screws or worms
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B9/00—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes
    • B30B9/02—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material, e.g. juice from fruits, oil from oil-containing material
    • B30B9/26—Permeable casings or strainers
    • B30B9/267—Strainer bars; Spacers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B9/00—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes
    • B30B9/02—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material, e.g. juice from fruits, oil from oil-containing material
    • B30B9/12—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material, e.g. juice from fruits, oil from oil-containing material using pressing worms or screws co-operating with a permeable casing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B9/00—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes
    • B30B9/02—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material, e.g. juice from fruits, oil from oil-containing material
    • B30B9/12—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material, e.g. juice from fruits, oil from oil-containing material using pressing worms or screws co-operating with a permeable casing
    • B30B9/121—Screw constructions
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B9/00—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes
    • B30B9/02—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material, e.g. juice from fruits, oil from oil-containing material
    • B30B9/12—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material, e.g. juice from fruits, oil from oil-containing material using pressing worms or screws co-operating with a permeable casing
    • B30B9/122—Means preventing the material from turning with the screw or returning towards the feed hopper
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B9/00—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes
    • B30B9/02—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material, e.g. juice from fruits, oil from oil-containing material
    • B30B9/26—Permeable casings or strainers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for pressing comprising a strainer basket in which at least two pressing and conveying screws arranged one behind the other are rotatable on a screw shaft.
  • the invention relates to a method for pressing in which a material to be pressed is pressed by means of a pressing device.
  • the pressing chamber which is also called the strainer chamber or pressing chamber, is at least partially geometrically delimited by at least one so-called strainer rod basket.
  • the strainer rod baskets are often designed in a cylindrical or hollow cylindrical geometry and are divided into individual strainer rod fields or strainer fields for receiving and/or holding strainer rods.
  • Strainer rods or strainer rod baskets of the type mentioned above are used in the field of devices for pressing flowable or liquid substances from materials or products introduced into the device. For example, pressing of liquid substances from animal carcasses, slaughterhouse waste or oily fruits, seeds or plants.
  • the devices for pressing are designed like drums and the strainer rods extend in a longitudinal direction of the drum.
  • the substances to be processed are also transported in this longitudinal direction. In the area of a drum outlet, the residual substances are discharged from the drum interior almost free of moisture. Transport through the drum takes place using a pressure and transport screw.
  • the liquids contained in the input substances are pressed out by the pressing process between the boundary surfaces of the screw flights of the transport screw and the strainer rods.
  • the strainer rods are arranged with gap-like distances relative to one another. To ensure that the pressing process runs smoothly, the cross-sectional area of the screw flight decreases from the inlet towards the outlet.
  • the primary goal of the pressing process is to separate as completely as possible the flowable and particularly oily components and solid components from the material to be pressed. Another goal is to achieve the highest possible material volume flow. Both goals are achieved in the best possible way by designing the machine elements for applying the pressing forces with maximum performance and by designing the pressing chamber geometrically in an appropriate manner.
  • the liquid and solid components of the material to be pressed can only be separated to a certain extent, since part of the material to be pressed moves exclusively close to the screw shaft inside the pressing chamber.
  • the liquid components of this material to be pressed close to the shaft cannot escape from the pressing chamber through the external openings of the strainer basket and are discharged from the pressing chamber with the press residues that are partially separated from the liquid components.
  • An object of the invention is to provide a device for pressing of the type mentioned in the introduction, which is improved with regard to the efficiency of the separation of liquid and solid components of the material to be pressed.
  • a further object of the invention is to provide an improved method for pressing of the type mentioned in the introduction.
  • a pressing device has a pressing chamber delimited by a hollow cylindrical strainer basket, in which at least two conveyor screws can rotate one behind the other on a common screw shaft.
  • the strainer basket has openings through which liquid pressed out of the material to be pressed can be drained out of the pressing chamber.
  • the strainer basket is held in a strainer frame.
  • a pressure zone is arranged between each of the conveyor screws of the pressing device.
  • the pressure zone is free of screw threads of the conveyor screws.
  • a conical element is arranged on the screw shaft in the region of the pressure zone between the adjacent conveyor screws, wherein the diameter of the cone increases in the conveying direction.
  • the conveyor screws have a hollow cylindrical base body that sits firmly on the screw shaft.
  • the screw flight of the respective conveyor screw is limited by a spiral-shaped wall element or the screw blades.
  • the diameter of the hollow cylindrical base body of two consecutive conveyor screws is larger in the second conveyor screw arranged behind the first conveyor screw in the conveying direction than in the first conveyor screw.
  • the conical element arranged between two conveyor screws further has diameters at its ends adapted to the base body of the immediately adjacent conveyor screw.
  • the cone element is designed as a circular truncated cone.
  • a plurality of scraper bowls are arranged in the at least one pressure zone of the pressing device.
  • Each of the scraper bowls has a nose-like extension which, when the scraper bowl is assembled, protrudes from a base bar of the scraper bowl inwards out of the strainer basket into the pressing chamber.
  • the scraper bowls are evenly distributed along the circumference of the strainer basket in the pressure zone.
  • the strainer basket has a plurality of strainer rods arranged next to one another in strainer fields, which are spaced apart from one another are arranged so that a liquid pressed out of a material to be pressed can be discharged from the pressing chamber through the gaps between the strainer bars.
  • the scraper bowls are arranged in the strainer fields between the strainer bars of the strainer basket in the region of a pressure zone.
  • a strainer basket section has two strainer fields in which the strainer rods are arranged next to one another.
  • the strainer fields of a strainer basket section are limited by the clamping strips and/or scrapers that fix the strainer rods of the respective strainer field in the associated strainer basket segment.
  • at least one scraper bowl is arranged between the strainer rods of the respective strainer field for each strainer field.
  • two scraper bowls are arranged between the strainer bars of the respective strainer field.
  • three scraper bowls are arranged between the strainer bars of the respective strainer field.
  • the scraper bowls have the same length as the strainer rods used in the respective strainer field.
  • the base bar of a strainer bowl is wider than the strainer rods used in the respective strainer field.
  • the width of the scraper bowl is chosen to be large enough to counteract or prevent sideways tipping.
  • the internal pressure during pressing ensures that the scraper bowl is pressed onto its support surface in the strainer basket.
  • the scraper bowl must not be too wide, as there must still be sufficient space in the entire strainer field for strainer rods with gaps in order to ensure adequate separation of the solids and liquid(s) of the material to be pressed during pressing.
  • the shape of the base bar of a strainer bowl is adapted to the contour of the strainer basket.
  • the base bar of a scraper bowl is curved in the transverse direction so that the outside of the scraper bowl forms a segment of a cylinder surface or the base bar forms a hollow cylinder segment.
  • the scraper bowls are made of a hardened metal.
  • the extension of a scraper bowl is designed like a web.
  • the contour of the extension of the scraper bowl is adapted to the contour of the conveying device in the area of the pressure zone.
  • the height of the extension in the sense of how far the extension protrudes into the pressing chamber, is adapted to the contour of the conveying device in the longitudinal direction of the extension.
  • the longitudinal direction of the extension is aligned in the conveying direction of the conveyor screw.
  • the height of the extension decreases in the longitudinal direction.
  • the length of the extension is defined by the length of the respective pressure zone.
  • the pressure zone can vary in its length, diameter (and therefore distance from the interior of the strainer basket) and contour depending on the design of a strainer press.
  • the extensions cannot be longer than the total length of the respective pressure zone.
  • the width of the extension depends on the desired effect to be achieved in terms of material mixing or swirling when the material to be pressed hits this front surface of the extension in the direction of flow.
  • the material of the pressed material can be guided using the scraper bowls, which prevents the material from rotating in the pressing device. This ensures that the material is continuously fed into the pressing device and that the material is continuously transported in the pressing device.
  • the material of the pressed material can not only be stabilized with the help of the scraper bowls, but can also be held back. Due to the large surface area when the material hits the scraper bowl or bowls, a material jam can be created, which increases the pressing pressure of the pressing device. Despite this, the material throughput remains the same, only the power consumption of the screw motor increases with the same conveying capacity.
  • the scraper bowls arranged between the end of the screw thread of a first screw and the beginning of the screw thread of a second screw can be used to achieve improved turbulence of the material being pressed.
  • the material jam that can be created can be broken using the respective screw threads, so that the material can be forced to change position.
  • a method for pressing according to the invention is characterized in one embodiment in that the material to be pressed is conveyed into the area of a pressure zone by means of a first conveyor screw and that the material to be pressed is mixed and/or guided and/or held in the pressure zone by means of a plurality of scraper bowls and that the material to be pressed is further conveyed in the conveying direction behind the pressure zone by means of a second conveyor screw, wherein a device for pressing according to the invention is used.
  • FIG 1 shows a perspective view of a scraper bowl (10) of a device for pressing (1) according to the invention.
  • the scraper bowl (10) has a base strip (11) which is adapted to the contour of a strainer basket (2).
  • the base strip (11) of the scraper bowl (10) is curved in the transverse direction so that it is designed approximately as a hollow cylinder segment.
  • On the inside of the scraper bowl (10) there is an extension (12) approximately in the middle which protrudes from the base strip (11).
  • the extension (12) is designed like a web and the height of the extension (12) decreases continuously in one direction.
  • Figure 2 shows a perspective view of the strainer field of a strainer basket section (3) of a device for pressing (1) according to the invention.
  • the strainer field is divided into two strainer field segments, each of which is formed from a plurality of strainer rods (5) arranged next to one another. Gaps are formed between the strainer rods (5).
  • three scraper bowls (10) are arranged, which are arranged evenly spaced from one another in the respective strainer field segment.
  • the extensions (12) of the scraper bowls (10) protrude inwards from the strainer field formed by the strainer rods (5) and the base strips (11) of the scraper bowls (10) into the strainer basket section (3) formed from the strainer field segments and the strainer frame (6) not shown in this view.
  • the strainer rods (5) have an armoring (5a) on their inside to reduce wear.
  • FIG 3 is a perspective view of a section of an embodiment of a device for pressing (1) according to the invention in the area of the opened and only partially loaded strainer basket (2).
  • the strainer basket segments (4) shown are arranged in a strainer frame (6).
  • fastening means (9) for fastening clamping strips (9) (not shown) for fixing the strainer rods (5) and/or scraper bowls (10) in the respective strainer basket segment (4) are arranged in the strainer frame (6).
  • Figure 4 shows a view of a section of an embodiment of a device for pressing (1) according to the invention with an open strainer basket (2) in the area of a scraper bowl (10).
  • the strainer basket (2) there are two conveyor screws (13a, 13b) arranged one behind the other on a common screw shaft.
  • a cone element (15) is arranged between the first conveyor screw (13a) and the second conveyor screw (13b).
  • the conveyor screws (13a, 13b) each have a hollow cylindrical base body on which at least one screw blade (14) is arranged.
  • the screw flight of the respective conveyor screw (13a, 13b) is limited by the at least one screw blade (14).
  • the base body of the first conveyor screw (13a) has a smaller diameter than the base body of the second conveyor screw (13b).
  • the conical element (15) creates an approximately continuous transition from the diameter of the base body of the first conveyor screw (13a) to the diameter of the base body of the second conveyor screw (13b).
  • the screw wing (14) and thus the screw flight of the first conveyor screw (13a) ends in the conveying direction at a short distance in front of the extension (12) of the scraper bowl (10).
  • No screw wing (14) is arranged in the area of the conical element (15).
  • the screw wing (14) and thus the screw flight of the second conveyor screw (13b) begins at a distance in the conveying direction behind the end of the extension (12) of the scraper bowl (10).
  • strainer rods (5) and scraper bowls (10) of the strainer basket segment (4) are fixed in the strainer basket segment (4) by means of clamping strips (8).
  • a pressure area of the pressing device (1) is formed, in which the scraper bowls (10) are also arranged.
  • FIG. 5 a cross-section of an embodiment of a scraper bowl (10) according to the invention is shown.
  • the underside and the top side of the base strip (11) of the scraper bowl (10) are curved along circular segments.
  • the underside of the base strip (11) of the scraper bowl (10) is curved along a circular segment of a first circle with the diameter A and the top side of the base strip (11) of the scraper bowl (10) is curved along a circular segment of a second circle with the diameter B.
  • the top side of the extension (12) of the scraper bowl (10) is also curved along a circular segment curved, using the circular segment of a third circle with diameter C.
  • the previously mentioned sides are each designed like cylinder wall segments.
  • the scraper bowl (10) has a width a in the region of the upper side of the base bar (11) and a width b in the region of the upper side of the extension (12).
  • the base bar (11) of the scraper bowl (10) extends in a first lateral direction along the circular segment of the first circle in an angular range I and in the opposite second lateral direction in an angular range II.
  • the angular range I and the angular range II differ from one another. In one embodiment of the invention, one angular range is larger than the other angular range.
  • the scraper bowl (10) has an armouring (16) on the upper side of the extension (12).
  • FIG. 6 shows a section of a scraper bowl (10) according to the invention in the longitudinal direction.
  • the scraper bowl (10) has the length c.
  • On the top of the base strip (11) an armoring (16) is arranged around the extension (12).
  • the extension (12) has the length d and is arranged at the distance e from a first end of the scraper bowl (10).
  • the extension (12) has a height that decreases in the longitudinal direction of the scraper bowl (10).
  • the top of the extension (12) is arranged at an angle III to the extension of the side wall of the extension (12). At the highest point, the scraper bowl (10) has the height f.
  • the absolute dimensioning of the individual parameters of the scraper bowls (10) depends on the design of the entire strainer basket. In particular, the desired number and width of the gaps, the throughput of pressed material through the entire press, the degree of pressing of the liquid components out of the pressed material and the acceptable energy input for the pressing process all play a role.
  • the width a of the scraper bowl (10) is 30 mm to 80 mm. In a preferred embodiment, 45 mm to 65 mm.
  • the height f of the scraper bowl (10) is 30 mm to 60 mm. In a preferred embodiment, 40 mm to 50 mm.
  • the width b of the extension (12) of the scraper bowl (10) is 10 mm to 40 mm. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, 20 mm to 30 mm.
  • the length d of the extension (12) of the scraper bowl (10) is 40 mm to 80 mm. In a preferred embodiment, 50 mm to 70 mm.
  • the angle range I and the angle range II are each between 5° and 15°.
  • the angle III is adapted to the contour of the cone segment in the respective pressure range of the pressing device. In one embodiment of the invention, the angle III is 80° to 89°. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the angle III is 84° to 88°.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Filtration Of Liquid (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
EP20194239.8A 2019-12-19 2020-09-03 Verfahren und vorrichtung zum pressen Active EP3838577B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102019135051.4A DE102019135051A1 (de) 2019-12-19 2019-12-19 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Pressen

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3838577A1 EP3838577A1 (de) 2021-06-23
EP3838577C0 EP3838577C0 (de) 2024-05-08
EP3838577B1 true EP3838577B1 (de) 2024-05-08

Family

ID=72355825

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP20194239.8A Active EP3838577B1 (de) 2019-12-19 2020-09-03 Verfahren und vorrichtung zum pressen

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US11820097B2 (zh)
EP (1) EP3838577B1 (zh)
CN (1) CN113002044A (zh)
DE (1) DE102019135051A1 (zh)

Family Cites Families (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US829314A (en) * 1903-07-01 1906-08-21 Valerius D Anderson Press.
US2149736A (en) * 1933-10-21 1939-03-07 Stanley Hiller Ltd Apparatus and method for expressing fluid
US2960926A (en) * 1957-10-02 1960-11-22 Mckee Dev Corp Screw press
US3191521A (en) * 1959-08-24 1965-06-29 Coproducts Corp Fluid expressing method
US3092017A (en) * 1960-08-02 1963-06-04 French Oil Mill Machinery Liquid expressing press
US3218964A (en) * 1963-01-24 1965-11-23 Bauer Bros Co Cage bar
DE1502230A1 (de) * 1963-03-29 1969-02-20 Coproducts Corp Presse-Biete-Aufbau
US3276354A (en) * 1965-10-08 1966-10-04 French Oil Mill Machinery Apparatus for drying elastomeric materials
US3518936A (en) * 1968-09-09 1970-07-07 French Oil Mill Machinery Mechanical screw press
FR2427194A1 (fr) * 1978-05-31 1979-12-28 Pb Gelatines Presse perfectionnee
DE3026477A1 (de) * 1980-07-12 1982-02-04 Fried. Krupp Gmbh, 4300 Essen Schneckenpresse

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP3838577C0 (de) 2024-05-08
US11820097B2 (en) 2023-11-21
EP3838577A1 (de) 2021-06-23
DE102019135051A1 (de) 2021-06-24
CN113002044A (zh) 2021-06-22
US20210187889A1 (en) 2021-06-24

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