EP3830507B1 - Verwendung von zunderbarrieren in einem rollenherdofen - Google Patents

Verwendung von zunderbarrieren in einem rollenherdofen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3830507B1
EP3830507B1 EP19748502.2A EP19748502A EP3830507B1 EP 3830507 B1 EP3830507 B1 EP 3830507B1 EP 19748502 A EP19748502 A EP 19748502A EP 3830507 B1 EP3830507 B1 EP 3830507B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
scale
furnace
barriers
rollers
furnace rollers
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Active
Application number
EP19748502.2A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3830507A1 (de
Inventor
Björn Kintscher
Karl Hoen
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SMS Group GmbH
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SMS Group GmbH
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Publication of EP3830507A1 publication Critical patent/EP3830507A1/de
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Publication of EP3830507B1 publication Critical patent/EP3830507B1/de
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
    • F27B9/14—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment
    • F27B9/20—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment the charge moving in a substantially straight path tunnel furnace
    • F27B9/24—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment the charge moving in a substantially straight path tunnel furnace being carried by a conveyor
    • F27B9/2407—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment the charge moving in a substantially straight path tunnel furnace being carried by a conveyor the conveyor being constituted by rollers (roller hearth furnace)
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
    • F27B9/14—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment
    • F27B9/20—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment the charge moving in a substantially straight path tunnel furnace
    • F27B9/24—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment the charge moving in a substantially straight path tunnel furnace being carried by a conveyor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
    • F27B9/30—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
    • F27B9/30—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types
    • F27B2009/3072—Balancing the pressure between the upper part and the lower part of the kiln, above and under the track

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the use of scale barriers in a roller hearth furnace, in particular a tunnel furnace of a thin slab plant, the roller hearth furnace comprising: for transporting a strip or a slab, a plurality of cooled furnace rollers (1) arranged at a distance from one another in the transport direction (T); and below the furnace rollers (1) scale hoppers (2), wherein the furnace rollers (1) have a number of support rings on a rotatably mounted axis and are formed axially adjacent to at least one of the support rings with insulation made of a highly insulating fiber material, the scale barriers are provided in the free spaces between two furnace rollers (1) following one another in the transport direction (T), and the scale barriers, like the furnace rollers (1), extend transversely to the transport direction (T), with the scale or scale particles flying around being caught by the scale barriers and discharged into the respective tinder funnel below.
  • the known furnace rollers of a roller hearth furnace or a tunnel furnace with a belt or a slab transporting support rings have water cooling to protect the furnace rollers from excessively high temperatures and the associated premature to protect failure.
  • the associated heat extraction from the furnace and high energy consumption in the furnace is reduced in the case of the furnace rollers by thermal insulation of the support shaft made of a fiber material provided next to and between the support rings.
  • the thermal insulation also ensures that, on the one hand, the material to be heat-treated, strips or slabs, is not inadmissibly cooled and, on the other hand, the supporting axle of the furnace roller is not inadmissibly heated.
  • the furnace rollers with thermal insulation made from, for example, a refractory, highly insulating fiber material or fiber wool, with the fiber material or refractory wool preferably being aluminum oxide and/or silicon oxide, are significantly lighter than those known in the prior art Furnace rollers with a more resistant concrete thermal insulation.
  • a disadvantage of the fiber-insulated furnace roller is that the highly insulating fiber material or fiber wool is attacked by flying scale or scale particles and is gradually removed or destroyed. As a result, the thermal insulation decreases and the furnace rollers with the support rings have to be replaced prematurely.
  • a roller hearth furnace with scale hoppers arranged below the furnace rollers is illustrated, for example, by JP 64075887A and the JP S 63 189779 A known.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of creating a device for a generic roller hearth furnace with which the negative effect of scale or scale particles on the fiber material or the fiber wool can be significantly reduced and thus the service life of the fiber-insulated furnace roller can be increased.
  • the advantageous result of this is that the scale that detaches from the heat-treated goods and flies around during transport is caught by the scale barriers and flows into the scale funnels underneath is derived.
  • the scale can therefore no longer penetrate the insulating fiber material or the insulating fiber wool of the adjacent furnace roller in a destructive manner, which increases the service life of the thermal insulation and, consequently, the service life of the thermally insulated furnace roller.
  • the energy savings of the roller hearth or tunnel kiln are ensured over a longer period of time.
  • axially adjacent to at least one of the support rings means in particular in the axial area between two support rings and/or axially next to at least one of the outer support rings.
  • a preferred embodiment of the invention provides that the scale barriers are rod-shaped and consist of a heat-resistant material.
  • the rod-shaped design of the scale barriers facilitates their simple manufacture and arrangement between the respectively adjacent furnace rollers.
  • the rod-shaped scale barriers are preferably made of steel or refractory material or cast as a molded part.
  • the scale barriers are arranged or fastened on the hopper walls delimiting the scale hoppers and/or self-supporting over the scale hoppers.
  • the scale barriers end slightly below the transport plane of the furnace rollers without contact with the transported goods. This means that there is no harmful mechanical effect of the scale barriers on the surface of the strip or slab facing them, but instead the scale that is detached or the scale particles are only intercepted and diverted into the scale hoppers.
  • the only figure shows a schematic representation of an arrangement of cooled furnace rollers 1, which are provided in a roller hearth or tunnel furnace, not shown.
  • the furnace rollers 1 transport in the transport direction T an item to be heat-treated, for example a strip or a slab, through the roller hearth furnace or tunnel furnace.
  • the furnace rollers 1 are designed in detail as such from the WO 2018/059940 A1 known, ie its support axis is provided with a thermal insulation made of a fiber material or fiber wool.
  • Scale hoppers 2 are provided below the furnace rollers 1 and are delimited by hopper walls 3 made of a refractory material.
  • Rod-shaped scale barriers 4 extending transversely to the transport direction T are provided in the free spaces between the furnace rollers 1 .
  • the scale barriers 4 are arranged on the one hand on the hopper walls 3 and on the other hand are self-supporting, i.e. with attachment to their rod ends, provided above the scale hoppers 2, the scale barriers 4 without contact with the transported heat treatment material ending somewhat below the transport plane 5 of the furnace rollers 1, see above that there is only a very small vertical gap between the transport plane 5 and the upper edges of the scale barriers 4.
  • the scale barriers 4 are made of steel or a refractory material or cast as a molded part.
  • the discharge of the scale or the scale particles through the scale barriers 4 into the scale hoppers 2 is further supported by the fact that the rod-shaped scale barriers 4 are formed on their longitudinal sides running transversely to the transport direction T with inclined surfaces that taper conically downwards towards the scale hoppers 2 .
  • the tinder accumulated in the tinder hoppers 2 can be disposed of via tinder doors 6 provided at the lower end of the tinder hoppers 2 in each case.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Tunnel Furnaces (AREA)

Description

  • Die Erfindung betrifft eine Verwendung von Zunderbarrieren in einem Rollenherdofen, insbesondere Tunnelofen einer Dünnbrammenanlage, wobei der Rollenherdofen umfasst: zum Transport eines Bandes oder einer Bramme mehrere in Transportrichtung (T) beabstandet voneinander angeordnete, gekühlte Ofenrollen (1); und unterhalb der Ofenrollen (1) angeordnete Zundertrichter (2), wobei die Ofenrollen (1) auf einer drehbar gelagerten Achse eine Anzahl von Tragringen aufweisen und axial benachbart zu mindestens einem der Tragringe mit einer Isolierung aus einem hochisolierenden Fasermaterial ausgebildet sind, wobei die Zunderbarrieren in den Freiräumen zwischen jeweils zwei in Transportrichtung (T) aufeinanderfolgenden Ofenrollen (1) vorgesehen sind, und wobei sich die Zunderbarrieren wie die Ofenrollen (1) quer zur Transportrichtung (T) erstrecken, wobei der umherfliegende Zunder bzw. die Zunderpartikel von den Zunderbarrieren abgefangen und in den jeweils darunterliegenden Zundertrichter abgeleitet werden.
  • Derartige, mit zwischen und neben den Tragringen vorgesehenen Isolierungen ausgebildete Ofenrollen sind aus der WO 2018/059940 A1 bekannt.
  • Die bekannten Ofenrollen eines Rollenherdofens bzw. eines Tunnelofens mit ein Band oder eine Bramme transportierenden Tragringen haben eine Wasserkühlung, um die Ofenrollen vor zu hohen Temperaturen und damit verbundenem vorzeitigen Versagen zu schützen. Der damit einhergehende Wärmeentzug des Ofens respektive hohe Energieverbrauch im Ofen wird bei den Ofenrollen über eine neben und zwischen den Tragringen vorgesehene Wärmeisolierung der Tragachse aus einem Fasermaterial verringert.
  • Die Wärmeisolierung sorgt weiterhin dafür, dass einerseits das Wärmebehandlungsgut, Bänder oder Brammen, nicht unzulässig gekühlt und andererseits die Tragachse der Ofenrolle nicht unzulässig erhitzt wird.
  • Die Ofenrollen mit einer Wärmeisolierung aus einem beispielsweise feuerfesten, hochisolierenden Fasermaterial oder einer Faserwolle, wobei es sich bei dem Fasermaterial bzw. der Feuerfestwolle vorzugsweise um Aluminium-Oxid und/oder Silizium-Oxid handelt, weisen ein wesentlich geringeres Gewicht als im Stand der Technik bekannte Ofenrollen mit einer widerstandsfähigeren Wärmeisolierung aus Beton auf.
  • Als nachteilig erweist sich bei der faserisolierten Ofenrolle, dass das hochisolierende Fasermaterial bzw. die Faserwolle durch umherfliegenden Zunder bzw. Zunderpartikel angegriffen und nach und nach abgetragen oder zerstört wird. Damit einhergehend lässt die Wärmeisolierung nach und die Ofenrollen mit den Tragringen müssen vorzeitig getauscht werden.
  • Ein Rollenherdofen mit unterhalb der Ofenrollen angeordneten Zundertrichtern ist beispielsweise durch die JP 64075887 A und die JP S 63 189779 A bekannt geworden.
  • Bei diesen Rollenherdöfen wird der sich beim Transport der Bänder oder Brammen mittels der Tragringe ablösende und im Nahbereich der Ofenrollen umherfliegende Zunder von den Zundertrichtern aufgefangen und in diesen bis zur temporären Entsorgung gesammelt.
  • Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, für einen gattungsgemäßen Rollenherdofen eine Einrichtung zu schaffen, mit der sich die negative Einwirkung von Zunder bzw. Zunderpartikeln auf das Fasermaterial oder die Faserwolle deutlich verringern und somit die Standzeit der faserisolierten Ofenrolle erhöhen lässt.
  • Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, dass in den Freiräumen zwischen jeweils zwei in Transportrichtung aufeinanderfolgenden Ofenrollen sich wie die Ofenrollen quer zur Transportrichtung erstreckende Zunderbarrieren vorgesehen sind.
  • Dadurch wird vorteilhaft erreicht, dass der sich beim Transport von dem Wärmebehandlungsgut ablösende und umherfliegende Zunder von den Zunderbarrieren abgefangen und in die jeweils darunter liegenden Zundertrichter abgeleitet wird. Der Zunder kann somit nicht mehr zerstörend in das isolierende Fasermaterial bzw. die isolierende Faserwolle der jeweils benachbarten Ofenrolle eindringen, wodurch sich die Standzeit der Wärmeisolierung und damit einhergehend die Standzeit der wärmeisolierten Ofenrolle erhöht. Gleichzeitig wird die Energieeinsparung des Rollenherd- bzw. Tunnelofens über eine längere Zeit sichergestellt.
  • Der Begriff "axial benachbart zu mindestens einem der Tragringe bedeutet insbesondere im axialen Bereich zwischen zwei Tragringen und/oder axial neben mindestens einem der äußeren Tragringe.
  • Eine bevorzugte Ausgestaltung der Erfindung sieht vor, dass die Zunderbarrieren stabförmig ausgebildet sind und aus einem hitzebeständigen Material bestehen. Durch die stabförmige Ausbildung der Zunderbarrieren wird deren einfache Herstellung und Anordnung zwischen den jeweils benachbarten Ofenrollen begünstigt. Die stabförmigen Zunderbarrieren sind vorzugsweise aus Stahl oder Feuerfestmaterial gefertigt oder als Formteil gegossen.
  • Nach einem Vorschlag der Erfindung erfolgt die Anordnung bzw. Befestigung der Zunderbarrieren auf den die Zundertrichter begrenzenden Trichterwänden und/oder selbsttragend über den Zundertrichtern.
  • Gemäß einer weiteren Ausgestaltung ist vorgesehen, dass die Zunderbarrieren ohne Kontakt zu dem transportierten Gut etwas unterhalb der Transportebene der Ofenrollen enden. Damit erfolgt keine schädliche mechanische Einwirkung der Zunderbarrieren auf die ihnen zugewandte Oberfläche des Bandes oder der Bramme, sondern ausschließlich ein Abfangen und Ableiten des sich ablösenden Zunders bzw. der Zunderpartikel in die Zundertrichter.
  • Weitere Merkmale und Einzelheiten der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den Patentansprüchen und der nachfolgenden Beschreibung eines in der Zeichnung dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiels.
  • Die einzige Figur zeigt in schematischer Darstellung eine Anordnung von gekühlten Ofenrollen 1, die in einem nicht dargestellten Rollenherd- bzw. Tunnelofen vorgesehen werden. Die Ofenrollen 1 transportieren in Transportrichtung T ein Wärmebehandlungsgut, beispielsweise ein Band oder eine Bramme, durch den Rollenherd- bzw. Tunnelofen.
  • Die Ofenrollen 1 sind im Einzelnen so ausgebildet, wie als solche aus der WO 2018/059940 A1 bekannt, d.h. ihre Tragachse ist mit einer Wärmeisolierung aus einem Fasermaterial oder einer Faserwolle versehen.
  • Unterhalb der Ofenrollen 1 sind Zundertrichter 2 vorgesehen, die von aus einem Feuerfestmaterial bestehenden Trichterwänden 3 begrenzt werden.
  • In den Freiräumen zwischen den Ofenrollen 1 sind sich quer zur Transportrichtung T erstreckende, stabförmig ausgebildete Zunderbarrieren 4 vorgesehen. Die Zunderbarrieren 4 sind hierbei einerseits auf den Trichterwänden 3 angeordnet und andererseits selbsttragend, d.h. mit Befestigung jeweils an ihren Stabenden, über den Zundertrichtern 2 vorgesehen, wobei die Zunderbarrieren 4 ohne Kontakt zu dem transportierten Wärmebehandlungsgut etwas unterhalb der Transportebene 5 der Ofenrollen 1 enden, so dass nur ein sehr kleiner vertikaler Spalt zwischen der Transportebene 5 und den Oberkanten Zunderbarrieren 4 vorliegt.
  • Die Zunderbarrieren 4 sind aus Stahl oder einem Feuerfestmaterial gefertigt oder als Formteil gegossen.
  • Beim Transport des Wärmebehandlungsgutes mittels der Ofenrollen 1 durch den Rollenherd- bzw. Tunnelofen löst sich Zunder von dem Wärmebehandlungsgut, der dann im Nahbereich der Ofenrollen 1 umherfliegt und die aus Fasermaterial oder Faserwolle bestehende Isolierung der Ofenrollen 1 angreift bzw. zerstört.
  • Durch die Zunderbarrieren 4 wird dies verhindert, denn der umherfliegende Zunder bzw. die Zunderpartikel werden von den Zunderbarrieren 4 abgefangen und in den jeweils darunterliegenden Zundertrichter 2 abgeleitet, so dass der Zunder wirkungsvoll von den jeweils neben den Zunderbarrieren 4 liegenden Ofenrollen 1 ferngehalten wird.
  • Das Ableiten des Zunders bzw. der Zunderpartikel durch die Zunderbarrieren 4 in die Zundertrichter 2 wird weiterhin dadurch unterstützt, dass die stabförmigen Zunderbarrieren 4 an ihren quer zur Transportrichtung T verlaufenden Längsseiten mit nach unten, zu den Zundertrichtern 2 hin sich konisch verjüngenden Schrägflächen ausgebildet sind.
  • Der in den Zundertrichtern 2 angesammelte Zunder kann über jeweils am unteren Ende der Zundertrichter 2 vorgesehene Zundertüren 6 entsorgt werden.
    • Bezugszeichenliste:
    • 1
    Ofenrolle
    2
    Zundertrichter
    3
    Trichterwände
    4
    Zunderbarriere
    5
    Transportebene
    6
    Zundertür
    T
    Transportrichtung

Claims (1)

  1. Verwendung von Zunderbarrieren (4) in einem Rollenherdofen, insbesondere Tunnelofen einer Dünnbrammenanlage, wobei der Rollenherdofen umfasst:
    zum Transport eines Bandes oder einer Bramme mehrere in Transportrichtung (T) beabstandet voneinander angeordnete, gekühlte Ofenrollen (1); und unterhalb der Ofenrollen (1) angeordnete Zundertrichter (2),
    wobei die Ofenrollen (1) auf einer drehbar gelagerten Achse eine Anzahl von Tragringen aufweisen und axial benachbart zu mindestens einem der Tragringe mit einer Isolierung aus einem hochisolierenden Fasermaterial ausgebildet sind,
    wobei die Zunderbarrieren in den Freiräumen zwischen jeweils zwei in Transportrichtung (T) aufeinanderfolgenden Ofenrollen (1) vorgesehen sind, und
    wobei sich die Zunderbarrieren wie die Ofenrollen (1) quer zur Transportrichtung (T) erstrecken,
    wobei der umherfliegende Zunder bzw. die Zunderpartikel von den Zunderbarrieren (4) abgefangen und in den jeweils darunterliegenden Zundertrichter (2) abgeleitet werden.
EP19748502.2A 2018-07-30 2019-07-26 Verwendung von zunderbarrieren in einem rollenherdofen Active EP3830507B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102018212703 2018-07-30
DE102018219927.2A DE102018219927A1 (de) 2018-07-30 2018-11-21 Rollenherdofen
PCT/EP2019/070183 WO2020025478A1 (de) 2018-07-30 2019-07-26 Rollenherdofen

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3830507A1 EP3830507A1 (de) 2021-06-09
EP3830507B1 true EP3830507B1 (de) 2022-10-19

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EP19748502.2A Active EP3830507B1 (de) 2018-07-30 2019-07-26 Verwendung von zunderbarrieren in einem rollenherdofen

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US (1) US20210318067A1 (de)
EP (1) EP3830507B1 (de)
KR (1) KR20210038623A (de)
CN (1) CN112639383A (de)
DE (1) DE102018219927A1 (de)
RU (1) RU2769705C1 (de)
WO (1) WO2020025478A1 (de)

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6475887A (en) * 1987-09-14 1989-03-22 Daido Steel Co Ltd Roller hearth type heating furnace
WO2018059940A1 (de) * 2016-09-27 2018-04-05 Sms Group Gmbh Kühlbare ofenrolle und verfahren zum betrieb einer solchen

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SU392313A1 (ru) * 1968-09-17 1973-07-27 Каркас секционной печи скоростного нагрева металла
EP0059093B1 (de) * 1981-02-23 1984-05-16 Encomech Product Development Limited Hitzeschilde
SU1229537A1 (ru) * 1983-12-26 1986-05-07 Липецкий политехнический институт Проходна роликова печь дл нагрева металла
JPH06103154B2 (ja) * 1987-01-30 1994-12-14 大同特殊鋼株式会社 ロ−ラハ−ス式加熱炉における保全装置
SU1765655A1 (ru) * 1990-02-16 1992-09-30 Производственное объединение "Ижсталь" им.50-летия СССР Туннельна печь дл термической обработки изделий
US5230618A (en) * 1992-02-24 1993-07-27 Bricmanage, Inc. Insulated furnace roller
DE4411216B4 (de) * 1994-03-31 2005-03-24 Loi Thermprocess Gmbh Hubherdofen
GB9407566D0 (en) * 1994-04-12 1994-06-08 Encomech Eng Services Heat shields for rolling shields
GB9510740D0 (en) * 1995-05-26 1995-07-19 Encomech Eng Services Heat shields
CN1152483A (zh) * 1995-09-13 1997-06-25 丹尼利机械厂联合股票公司 均衡含受控氧化环境加热炉温度的方法及实施它的加热炉
DE102013223040A1 (de) * 2013-11-12 2015-05-13 Sms Siemag Ag Verfahren zum Verarbeiten von erhitztem Gut

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6475887A (en) * 1987-09-14 1989-03-22 Daido Steel Co Ltd Roller hearth type heating furnace
WO2018059940A1 (de) * 2016-09-27 2018-04-05 Sms Group Gmbh Kühlbare ofenrolle und verfahren zum betrieb einer solchen

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DE102018219927A1 (de) 2020-01-30
EP3830507A1 (de) 2021-06-09
WO2020025478A1 (de) 2020-02-06
KR20210038623A (ko) 2021-04-07
CN112639383A (zh) 2021-04-09
US20210318067A1 (en) 2021-10-14
RU2769705C1 (ru) 2022-04-05

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