EP3803931B1 - Gasisolierter schalter - Google Patents

Gasisolierter schalter Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3803931B1
EP3803931B1 EP19745978.7A EP19745978A EP3803931B1 EP 3803931 B1 EP3803931 B1 EP 3803931B1 EP 19745978 A EP19745978 A EP 19745978A EP 3803931 B1 EP3803931 B1 EP 3803931B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
gas
contact
insulated switch
contact unit
switch according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP19745978.7A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3803931A1 (de
Inventor
Ivana Mladenovic
Paul Gregor Nikolic
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens Energy Global GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Siemens Energy Global GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens Energy Global GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Siemens Energy Global GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP3803931A1 publication Critical patent/EP3803931A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3803931B1 publication Critical patent/EP3803931B1/de
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/7015—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid characterised by flow directing elements associated with contacts
    • H01H33/7023—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid characterised by flow directing elements associated with contacts characterised by an insulating tubular gas flow enhancing nozzle
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/88—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts
    • H01H33/90—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism
    • H01H33/901—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism making use of the energy of the arc or an auxiliary arc
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/88—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts
    • H01H33/90—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism
    • H01H33/905—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism the compression volume being formed by a movable cylinder and a semi-mobile piston
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/88—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts
    • H01H33/90—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism
    • H01H33/91—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism the arc-extinguishing fluid being air or gas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/7015—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid characterised by flow directing elements associated with contacts
    • H01H33/7023—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid characterised by flow directing elements associated with contacts characterised by an insulating tubular gas flow enhancing nozzle
    • H01H33/703—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid characterised by flow directing elements associated with contacts characterised by an insulating tubular gas flow enhancing nozzle having special gas flow directing elements, e.g. grooves, extensions

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a gas-insulated switch according to claim 1 and a high-voltage switching arrangement according to claim 9.
  • sulfur hexafluoride SF 6 is currently used as an insulating gas and as an extinguishing gas. This gas is excellent for the applications mentioned, but it has the disadvantage that it has a very high global warming potential.
  • various compounds, in particular fluorinated compounds are currently being discussed as insulating media.
  • a circuit breaker in particular designed in the form of a gas-insulated switch, which can be opened under electrical load, ie in particular in the event of a short circuit, and dielectrically relieves the vacuum interrupter.
  • Gas-insulated switches are e.g. B. from the EP 1 079 404 A2 known.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a circuit breaker in the form of a gas-insulated switch which, compared to conventional gas-insulated switches, has a higher opening speed of the contacts in the event of a short circuit. Furthermore, the object is to provide a high-voltage switching arrangement with a vacuum interrupter which, compared to the prior art, can carry a higher voltage per installation space.
  • the gas-insulated switch according to claim 1 has a first contact and a second contact, each of which is part of a contact unit. At least one contact unit is connected to the first contact as a moving contact unit with a drive unit. The moving contact unit is movably mounted along a switching axis.
  • the gas-insulated switch also includes a multi-part insulating material nozzle system that has a main nozzle and an auxiliary nozzle, with a heating channel being formed between the main nozzle and the auxiliary nozzle, which starts from an arc chamber and opens into a gas reservoir. This gas reservoir is limited on one side by a stamp.
  • the invention is characterized in that the gas reservoir is at least partially delimited radially with respect to the switching axis by a wall, with the moving contact unit being mounted so that it can move along the switching axis with respect to this wall, and that the plunger is part of the moving contact unit and, together with this, in the manner of is movably mounted with respect to the second contact, that the plunger moves away from the second contact during an opening process of the two contact units to enlarge the gas reservoir along the switching axis.
  • the gas-insulated switch of the invention is similar to a so-called self-inflating switch, but it differs in that the conventional self-inflating switch has a self-inflating volume, the volume of which is reduced by a stamp when the two contact systems are opened so that an extinguishing gas can flow back through the heating channel into is pressed into the arc space, thereby extinguishing the arc.
  • the wall radially delimiting the self-inflating volume is part of the moving contact system and remains within the self-inflating volume when the switch is opened or the gas reservoir is motionless.
  • the wall is movably mounted with respect to the first contact unit and is therefore not part of this first contact unit.
  • the gas reservoir which increases in size during the opening process, moves along the described wall of the reservoir.
  • the insulating material nozzle system represents a functionally interacting system in which the individual components can each be part of the contact units. This means that the components such as the main nozzle and the auxiliary nozzle do not have to be rigidly arranged in relation to one another, but can move towards and away from one another during the opening and closing processes.
  • the invention Due to the movable mounting of the contact of the moving contact unit, usually a tulip contact, and the auxiliary nozzle arranged around it in the switching chamber, the invention enables the gas reservoir to be enlarged in contrast to the self-blast circuit breakers used today, which in the present invention does not serve as a self-blast volume. Rather, the hot gas flowing through the heating channel exerts a force on the plunger, which causes an acceleration of the moving contact system in the pulling direction of the drive and thus supports the drive movement or increases the drive speed. This makes it possible to increase the contact opening speed with the same drive energy or to reduce the drive energy with a constant contact opening speed.
  • the wall at least partially delimiting the gas reservoir is a component of the contact unit of the second contact.
  • parts of the second contact system i.e. at least the wall described, preferably radially surround parts of the first contact system and thereby contribute to the formation of a cavity, namely the gas reservoir, which, when the switch is opened, caused by the inflowing hot gas, is enlarged.
  • the wall mentioned is expediently fastened to the second contact system so that it can be implemented with little structural effort. In principle, fastening the wall to the housing of the vacuum interrupter can also be expedient.
  • the plunger is arranged in the first contact system in such a way that it is essentially vertical with respect to a switching axis. Essentially means that an angular position in relation to the indexing axis is no more than 15°.
  • the plunger is designed to be rotationally symmetrical with respect to the switching axis. This leads to a rotationally symmetrical, essentially cylinder-wall-shaped gas reservoir around the switching contact.
  • the plunger is attached to a holder of the auxiliary nozzle and is thus permanently connected to the moving contact system.
  • the two contacts have different shapes.
  • a tulip contact which is preferably the first contact
  • a pin contact which is preferably designed as the second contact.
  • the pin contact is preferably part of a fixed contact unit.
  • the tulip contact is preferably part of the moving contact unit, it also being possible in principle for both contact units to be designed to be movable via a corresponding coupled drive.
  • the described wall of the gas reservoir is part of the main nozzle. This would enable a cost-effective structural implementation.
  • a further embodiment of the invention is a high-voltage switching arrangement according to patent claim 9, which comprises a gas-insulated switch according to one of claims 1 to 8 and a vacuum interrupter.
  • the gas-insulated switch and the vacuum interrupter which in turn can be part of a circuit breaker, are connected in series. Because the described gas-insulated switch can be switched under load, the vacuum interrupter connected in series or in series manages with a lower electrical strength with regard to the rated voltage. This requires less technical effort in the construction of the vacuum interrupter and, in principle, higher rated voltages can be achieved with a given design.
  • the gas-insulated switch and the vacuum interrupter or a circuit breaker in which the vacuum interrupter is integrated can be operated by a common drive. This enables a simple technical structure and, on the other hand, a reliable chronological sequence of the switching processes.
  • the high-voltage switching arrangement is designed in such a way that the voltage distribution across the gas-insulated switch and the vacuum interrupter is controlled by a control device.
  • a control device can be, for example, a capacitor or a resistor or a coupling of a capacitor and a resistor.
  • FIG 1 a cross section through a gas-insulated switch is shown which has a first contact 4 which is designed in the form of a tulip contact 30 and which has a second contact 6 which is designed in the form of a pin contact 32 .
  • Both contacts 30, 32 are each integrated into a contact unit 8, 9, a first contact unit 8 and a second contact unit 9.
  • the two contacts 30 and 32 can be moved in translation along a switching axis 10 during an opening or closing process of the gas-insulated switch 2 stored to each other.
  • the pin contact 32 is generally but not necessarily designed as a fixed contact
  • the tulip contact 30 is designed as a moving contact.
  • the first contact unit 8 with the tulip contact 30 can also be referred to as a moving contact unit.
  • the gas-insulated switch 2 has an insulating material nozzle system 12 which, in particular, comprises a main nozzle 14 and an auxiliary nozzle 16 as well as a heating duct 18 formed thereby.
  • the heating channel 18 leads from an arcing space 20 to a gas reservoir 22.
  • the arcing space 20 is the space which forms when the contacts 30, 32 open and in which a switching arc 21 occurs during the opening process.
  • the gas reservoir 22 is delimited on the one hand on a radial inner side in this embodiment by the auxiliary nozzle 16 and on the other hand delimited radially outwards from the switching axis 10 by a wall 26 .
  • These two delimitations by the auxiliary nozzle 16 and the wall 26 extend radially around the circumference, but parallel to the switching axis 10.
  • a stamp 24 is also provided, which delimits the gas reservoir 22 axially.
  • the plunger 24 is essentially perpendicular but rotationally symmetrical to the switching axis 10 and the plunger 24 is movably mounted at least with respect to the wall 26 .
  • the plunger 24 is an integral part of the moving contact unit 8, whereas the wall 26 is not part of this moving contact unit 8.
  • figure 1 be part of the second contact unit 9, it can be designed as an extension of the main insulating material nozzle 14.
  • the wall 26 can also be mechanically decoupled from the fixed contact unit 9 and can be arranged, for example, on the housing (not shown) of the switch 2 .
  • the tulip contact 30 and the pin contact 32 move apart along the switching axis 10, driven by a drive device that is not shown here.
  • a switching arc 21 occurs.
  • the switching arc 21 heats the insulating medium present in the arc chamber, which is essentially gaseous, and is pressed into the gas reservoir 22 via the heating duct 18.
  • the movement of the gas along the heating channel 18 takes place in particular as a result of the temperature increase and the resulting volume expansion.
  • This volume expansion in turn leads to the insulating medium 23 being pressed against the plunger 24 with such high energy that the translational movement of the first contact unit 8, which is im Essentially includes the tulip contact 30, the auxiliary nozzle 16 and the plunger 24, so quickly that the speed of the movement caused by the drive is exceeded. This is therefore an additional acceleration of the moving contact unit 8 away from the fixed contact 32 . As a result, the gas reservoir 22 is enlarged and the plunger 24 moves in the direction of the arrow 25.
  • the energy of the arc 21 is thus utilized in order to accelerate the opening of the switch 2 and thus also to increase the separation distance between the two contacts 30, 32. In this way, the arc 21 is also extinguished.
  • This can be relevant in particular if the switch 2 is connected in series with a vacuum interrupter 48, as is the case in figure 4 is shown. This series connection will be discussed further below.
  • the arrangement described dispenses with a self-blowing volume, known as a self-blowing switch, for extinguishing the switching arc 21 .
  • the entire arc energy is thus used to accelerate the opening of the contact units 8, 9.
  • figure 3 is an alternative embodiment of the advantageous representation according to FIG figure 2 shown in which also referred to the switch 2 again figure 1 is used, but this is designed in such a way that the arc-extinguishing volume 34 is fitted in the main nozzle 14, with the flow guidance here being structurally guaranteed by a hot-gas duct 44 and a cold-gas duct 42, if necessary, and a corresponding arrangement of flow control elements 40.
  • a compression volume 38 (not shown here) can also be provided, via which insulating medium 23 can be additionally pressed into the arc extinguishing volume 34 through a compression channel 46 .
  • a circuit breaker 52 which comprises a gas-insulated switch 2 and a vacuum interrupter 48 .
  • Parts of the circuit breaker 52 are one or two control devices 50 which are connected in parallel to the respective switching units, the gas-insulated switch 2 and the vacuum interrupter 48 .
  • the control device 50 is, for example, a series or parallel connection of a capacitor with a resistor or just a resistor.
  • This arrangement means that, for example, a vacuum interrupter 48, which is designed for a rated voltage level of 145 kV or 245 kV, can be used in conjunction with the gas-insulated switch 2 that can be switched under load, also a disconnector, in rated levels that are several hundred kilovolts higher than the nominally provided voltage levels can.
  • gas-insulated switch 2 which is based on the technology of a conventional self-blowout switch, but which is modified compared to this in such a way that it can be opened under load, especially in the event of a short circuit, and rapid dielectric resolidification takes place.

Landscapes

  • Circuit Breakers (AREA)
  • High-Tension Arc-Extinguishing Switches Without Spraying Means (AREA)
EP19745978.7A 2018-07-12 2019-07-08 Gasisolierter schalter Active EP3803931B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102018211621.0A DE102018211621A1 (de) 2018-07-12 2018-07-12 Gasisolierter Schalter
PCT/EP2019/068211 WO2020011695A1 (de) 2018-07-12 2019-07-08 Gasisolierter schalter

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3803931A1 EP3803931A1 (de) 2021-04-14
EP3803931B1 true EP3803931B1 (de) 2022-06-29

Family

ID=67480148

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19745978.7A Active EP3803931B1 (de) 2018-07-12 2019-07-08 Gasisolierter schalter

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US11676785B2 (zh)
EP (1) EP3803931B1 (zh)
CN (1) CN112673445B (zh)
DE (1) DE102018211621A1 (zh)
WO (1) WO2020011695A1 (zh)

Family Cites Families (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH607658A5 (en) * 1976-10-26 1978-09-29 Sprecher & Schuh Ag Gas-blast circuit breaker
EP0019806B1 (en) * 1979-05-25 1983-11-30 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Power circuit interrupter with arc-extinguishing means
JPS5736733A (zh) * 1980-08-14 1982-02-27 Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co
DE3265381D1 (en) * 1981-06-12 1985-09-19 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie High-voltage power circuit breaker
JPS58207802A (ja) * 1982-05-27 1983-12-03 株式会社東芝 ハイブリツド形しや断器
JPH04284319A (ja) * 1991-03-13 1992-10-08 Hitachi Ltd ガス遮断器
DE4420386C2 (de) * 1994-05-31 1998-07-02 Siemens Ag Druckgas-Leistungsschalter mit einer Isolierstoffdüse
ATE176082T1 (de) 1995-05-04 1999-02-15 Ansaldo Ind S P A Hochspannungsschalter mit dielektrischem gas mit selbst-beblasung
DE19536673A1 (de) 1995-09-30 1997-04-03 Asea Brown Boveri Leistungsschalter
DE29706202U1 (de) * 1997-03-27 1997-06-05 Siemens AG, 80333 München Druckgasleistungsschalter
DE19809088C1 (de) * 1998-02-25 1999-09-30 Siemens Ag Hochspannungsleistungsschalter mit einer Isolierstoffdüse
DE19939940A1 (de) 1999-08-23 2001-03-01 Abb Research Ltd Druckgasschalter
FR2821482B1 (fr) * 2001-02-27 2003-04-04 Alstom Disjoncteur incluant un canal de vidange de la chambre de compression par piston
DE50309339D1 (de) 2003-12-22 2008-04-17 Abb Technology Ag Löschkammer und Hochleistungsschalter mit starker Lichtbogenbeblasung
EP1843376B1 (de) * 2006-04-05 2009-06-03 Abb Research Ltd. Schaltkammer eines Hochspannungsschalters mit einem Heizvolumen veränderbarer Grösse
EP2325859B1 (de) * 2009-11-24 2013-04-17 ABB Technology AG Gasisolierter Hochspannungsschalter
DE102010020979A1 (de) * 2010-05-12 2011-11-17 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Druckgas-Leistungsschalter
DE102011005905B4 (de) 2011-03-22 2021-05-27 Siemens Energy Global GmbH & Co. KG Schalter für eine Übertragungsstrecke für Hochspannungs-Gleichstrom
KR20150000664A (ko) * 2013-06-25 2015-01-05 현대중공업 주식회사 가스차단기

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102018211621A1 (de) 2020-01-16
EP3803931A1 (de) 2021-04-14
US20210319966A1 (en) 2021-10-14
CN112673445B (zh) 2024-04-05
US11676785B2 (en) 2023-06-13
CN112673445A (zh) 2021-04-16
WO2020011695A1 (de) 2020-01-16

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