EP3799961B1 - Shaft shredder - Google Patents
Shaft shredder Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3799961B1 EP3799961B1 EP20202224.0A EP20202224A EP3799961B1 EP 3799961 B1 EP3799961 B1 EP 3799961B1 EP 20202224 A EP20202224 A EP 20202224A EP 3799961 B1 EP3799961 B1 EP 3799961B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- shredder
- shaft
- shredding
- shafts
- side walls
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 38
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 38
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 210000001520 comb Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
- B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
- B02C18/14—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within horizontal containers
- B02C18/142—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within horizontal containers with two or more inter-engaging rotatable cutter assemblies
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
- B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
- B02C18/16—Details
- B02C18/22—Feed or discharge means
- B02C18/2225—Feed means
- B02C18/2291—Feed chute arrangements
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
- B02C18/26—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with knives which both reciprocate and rotate
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
- B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
- B02C18/16—Details
- B02C18/24—Drives
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
- B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
- B02C18/14—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within horizontal containers
- B02C2018/147—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within horizontal containers of the plural stage type
Definitions
- the invention relates to a shaft shredder, in particular a two-shaft shredder, according to the preamble of claim 1.
- Wave shredders for example, are out EP 3 248 687 A1 known.
- the known shaft shredder is a two-shaft shredder and has shredding shafts with shredding tools located thereon, surrounding the shaft in the circumferential direction and spaced apart in the axial direction.
- the two shafts are arranged with axes of rotation running parallel to one another in such a way that they mesh with one another in that the comminution tools of one shaft dip into the spaces between the comminution tools of the other shaft.
- the known shaft shredder has a shredding unit which defines a shredding area in which the shredding shafts can capture the supplied material to be shredded.
- a spatial distinction to be made from this is a so-called material feed area, which, when the shafts are arranged horizontally, is usually adjacent to the direction of gravity, namely above, the shredding area of the shredding unit.
- Such a material feed area usually has a series of side walls - often converging in a funnel shape.
- Shaft shredders according to the preamble of claim 1 are, for example US 2008/283647 A1 , US 5,273,218 A , US 2015/060583 A1 and WO 97/46321 A1 known.
- the present invention is therefore based on the object of specifying a shaft shredder in which the disadvantages described are avoided or at least reduced and the shredding shafts can be easily expanded.
- a shaft shredder according to the invention has a machine frame and a shredding unit.
- the latter includes at least one shredding shaft mounted therein and driven via a drive.
- a material feed area is formed adjacent to the shredding unit and comprises a plurality of side walls. This material feed area is to be understood in particular as being outside the detection range of the shredding unit or the shredding shaft.
- the comminution area can be arranged above or above the at least one comminution shaft in relation to the direction of gravity.
- a side wall in the sense of the invention can initially be any component that is suitable for laterally delimiting the material feed area. First of all, it doesn't matter whether such a side wall is arranged vertically or runs at an angle to the horizontal.
- a component which is commonly referred to as a tilting hopper can also be a side wall in the sense of the invention, as long as this tilting hopper limits the material feed area.
- At least one side wall arranged on the front side in relation to the axial direction of the shredding shaft is designed to be able to be brought into a maintenance position, in particular foldable or displaceable.
- End-side side walls are those walls which are not arranged parallel to the longitudinal sides of a comminution shaft, but transversely to the longitudinal extent of the comminution shaft, in particular in the area of its end sections, and in particular essentially above the comminution shaft.
- the coupling areas which are to be understood as meaning those areas in which the shredding shaft is coupled to a machine-side coupling section, are exposed.
- bearing and/or coupling areas of the at least one shredding shaft are accessible.
- the at least one shredding shaft can be dismantled from the shredding housing in a predominantly vertical direction at each end of the shredding shaft by a releasable, positive coupling, in particular a screwable flange coupling, and the bearings of the shafts can remain on or in the shredding housing.
- a releasable, positive coupling in particular a screwable flange coupling
- other forms of coupling are also conceivable.
- a wall of the material feed area is designed as a tilting funnel that at least partially covers the drive of the shredding shaft (at least in the use position).
- a wall in particular the one designed as a tilting funnel, is movable, in particular displaceable, in particular at least essentially horizontally, so that the space for the releasable, positive coupling is thereby released for maintenance purposes.
- one of the side walls of the material feed area can be moved, in particular pivoted or moved essentially horizontally, so that the space for the releasable, positive coupling is released for maintenance purposes. All of these measures ensure that no existing side walls have to be removed for maintenance work to carry out or remove a shredding shaft.
- At least one secondary shredding tool in particular a crushing bar or sieve basket, can be arranged under or below the at least one shredding shaft - in particular in relation to the direction of gravity.
- the post-shredding tool can essentially be raised or lowered in the vertical direction - in particular in relation to the direction of gravity. Raising or lowering has the advantage, on the one hand, that mechanical adjustments can be made to the material to be shredded if necessary. On the other hand, it is possible to move the secondary shredding tool away from the shredding shafts for maintenance purposes.
- it can be provided in particular that the secondary shredding tool can be moved out of the shaft shredder after it has been lowered.
- the secondary shredding tool After the secondary shredding tool has been lowered, it can preferably be moved out of the machine frame laterally in the manner of a drawer.
- the device can also be designed in such a way that it provides this on the front side of the shaft shredder.
- the shaft shredder For dispensing the secondary shredding tool, the shaft shredder preferably has inspection flaps located below or below the shredding shafts, which make the secondary shredding tool accessible.
- the shaft shredder according to the invention is preferably a two-shaft shredder which comprises two shredding shafts which are arranged next to one another, in particular with axes of rotation arranged parallel to one another.
- lying next to one another does not necessarily mean a horizontal alignment and a parallel alignment of the two shredding shafts. Lying next to each other simply means that the two shredding shafts are arranged in close proximity. This can be understood as a V-shaped configuration of the two comminution shafts as well as an arrangement in which the two shafts, viewed in the direction of gravity, are arranged vertically offset from one another in the manner of a step.
- a shaft shredder is provided with a machine frame and a shredding unit, which comprises two shredding shafts which are arranged next to one another, the shredding shafts being driven by at least one drive and being adjacent
- a material feed area is formed for the shredding unit, which comprises a plurality of side walls
- the shaft shredder which is further designed in particular as described above, comprises at least one, in particular driven, pressing device.
- the pressing device comprises, for example, an elongated, in particular cylindrical, pressing element, the longitudinal axis of which preferably runs parallel to the axes of rotation of the comminution shafts.
- the pressing device can have a plurality of pressing elements arranged along the comminution shafts, which can, for example, comprise spherical pressing elements instead of an elongated pressing element.
- the pressing device can be brought, in particular pivoted, from a use state in the area of the comminution shafts, in particular in the area between and / or above the comminution shafts, into a non-use state.
- the state of use is the state in which the pressing device is actively involved in the comminution process. This can happen, for example, in such a way that they only uses gravity to press on the material to be shredded.
- the pressing device is driven, ie actively presses material against the comminution shafts in addition to gravity. This can be done alternately, so that a back and forth movement of the pressing device towards and away from the shafts is carried out.
- the non-use state of the pressing device refers to the state in which, for example, new material enters the material feed area and the pressing device is not actuated.
- the pressing device is attached to one of the side walls, in particular in a pivotable manner.
- One of these side walls is preferably a side wall provided on a long side of a shredding shaft.
- the pressing device can be pivoted from the non-use position into the use position or moved into the use position, for example via a drive, in particular by one or a plurality of hydraulic cylinders.
- the pressing device is preferably attached to a pivoting lever, which is pivotally mounted on the corresponding side wall at the end opposite the pressing element.
- the pivoting lever is preferably mounted in the side wall in such a way that no opening is created in the side wall in any pivoting state of the pivoting lever.
- the surface, in particular the peripheral surface, of the circular disk or circular disk segment extending through a bearing opening in the side wall closes the bearing opening in every pivoting state.
- a shaft shredder is provided with a machine frame and a shredding unit, which comprises at least two shredding shafts mounted therein and driven via a drive, with a material feed area being formed adjacent to the shredding unit.
- This two-shaft shredder can be designed as described above.
- the shaft shredder comprises a shaft coupling device which is set up so that it can be moved by a synchronous mode, in which the shredding shafts are moved in a defined speed ratio with opposite directions of rotation, and an asynchronous mode, in which the shredding shafts are moved with any direction of rotation and without a defined speed ratio , can be switched. In this way, the shaft shredder can be adapted to emerging requirements regarding the shredding process.
- the shaft coupling device has a displaceable or pivotable pinion in order to switch from synchronous mode to asynchronous mode to effect.
- a pinion can be easily moved from a synchronous position, in which both shafts are coupled to one another, to an asynchronous position using any drive or manually.
- the drive unit for the shredding shafts can preferably be diesel-hydraulic or electro-hydraulic.
- the shaft shredder according to the invention has a gear device which is coupled or can be coupled to the shredding shafts and is arranged on the drive side or on the side of the shredding shafts opposite the drive side, in particular comprising the shaft coupling device.
- Gear devices are to be understood as meaning any type of coupling between a shaft and the drive.
- Each shredding shaft preferably has a separate gear.
- an electrical control for controlling and monitoring the mechanical, electrical and hydraulic processes and parameters of the machine can be provided in the shaft shredder according to the invention.
- the side walls which are provided on the long sides of the shredding shaft, are preferably designed so that they can be moved close to the outer edge of the housing of the shredding unit. This ensures direct access to the shredding tools on the shredding shafts and the counter combs.
- the counter combs are preferably mounted below the longitudinal side walls in the shredding unit.
- Figure 1 shows a mobile shaft shredder 1 in the loading position.
- the material feed area arranged above the shredding unit 2, which is formed by the side walls 4 - 7.
- the inspection flaps 12, 13 are arranged below the side wall 5 and below the shredding unit 2 comprising the shredding shafts 8, 9 (not visible here).
- the side walls 4, 5, 6 are designed so that they can be folded outwards for maintenance purposes P1, P2, P3.
- the pressing device 3 On the side wall 5 there is the pressing device 3, which will be discussed in more detail below.
- the material to be shredded is placed in the material feed area, shredded by the shredding unit 2 and collected below it.
- the shredded material is transported from there to the conveyor belt shown on the right and transported away by it.
- FIG 2 shows the shaft shredder 1 in preparation for maintenance.
- the side walls 4, 5, 6 are folded down towards the outside and reveal the two shredding shafts 8, 9.
- the side wall 7, which can be designed as a material chute or tilting hopper, can be moved in the X direction by the shredding unit 2 via the machine housing.
- Figure 3 shows the shredding unit 2 enlarged Figure 2 .
- the comminution shafts 8, 9, which are arranged here with the longitudinal axes, for example, parallel to one another, are visible.
- the area for comminution is limited by shields 10, 11.
- the shield 10 is intended to prevent the shredded material from getting into the area of the couplings located towards the shaft coupling device 14.
- the shield 11 is also intended to prevent material to be shredded from reaching the flange area facing the drive. This area is in Figure 4 shown.
- the shredding shafts 8, 9 are arranged on the drive (not shown) with couplings 15, 16, in particular flange couplings.
- the flange couplings 15, 16 are shielded from the shredding area 2 of the shredding shafts 8, 9 by the shield 11 in such a way that no material to be shredded can reach the flange couplings 15, 16.
- Figure 5 shows the corresponding couplings 17, 18, in particular flange couplings, on the side of the shaft coupling device 14, where the shield 10 prevents the penetration of material to be shredded into the area of the flange couplings 17, 18.
- the flange couplings 15, 16, 17, 18 can be loosened to remove the shredding shafts 8, 9 and these can then be removed immediately after loosening the screw connection in a radial direction, in particular vertically, relative to the axis of rotation.
- the removal of the shredding shafts 8, 9 can thus be accelerated without first having to dismantle part of the drive or the bearing of the shredding shafts 8, 9.
- Figure 6 shows a part of the shredding unit 2 with the inspection flaps 12, 13 open.
- the extract 20 with the subsequent shredding tool 19 located on it, which in the operating state is arranged below and between the shredding shafts 8, 9, is pulled out lowered.
- the secondary shredding tool 19 is a crushing bar;
- another secondary shredding tool can also be present, such as a sieve basket.
- the extract 20 with the secondary shredding tool 19 is constructed in such a way that it can be easily lifted out of the guides. You can now access these tours
- Figure 7 maintenance frame 21 shown can be placed. Two pairs of shelves 22, 23 are arranged on the maintenance frame.
- the shredding shafts 8, 9 can be raised after loosening the flange couplings 15, 16, 17, 18.
- the maintenance frame 21 can be inserted into the shaft shredder 1 and positioned with the shelves 22, 23 under the shredding shafts 8, 9.
- the maintenance frame 21 is then raised and the shredding shafts rest on the shelves 22, 23 and are raised with the maintenance frame 21.
- the shredding shafts 8, 9 are placed on the maintenance frame 21 above the coupling position.
- the end of the shredding shaft 9 with the flange coupling 16 lies on a shelf 22, as is the case with the shredding shaft 8 with the flange coupling 15 on the shelves 23 (not shown). In the elevated position, the shredding shafts 8, 9 are easily accessible.
- the maintenance of the shredding unit 2 can be simplified and at the same time shortened, which reduces maintenance costs.
- Figure 9 shows an exemplary embodiment of a further detail according to the invention of the shaft shredder 1, a pressing device 3.
- the pressing device 3 is arranged on one of the side walls, in the example shown here on the side wall 5.
- the side wall 5 is shown in the maintenance position; it is folded outwards, whereby the inside of the side wall 5 faces outwards and the shredding shaft 8 is more accessible.
- the pressing device 3 is arranged on the inner wall of the side wall 5.
- the active part of the pressing device 3 is in the example shown, an elongated, cylindrical body, the cylinder axis of which is aligned parallel or at least approximately parallel to the axes of the comminution shafts 8, 9.
- another form of pressing device can also be provided.
- the active part of the pressing device 3 is attached to a pressing lever 3a.
- the pressing lever 3a in turn is pivotably arranged on the side wall 5 via a pivoting element 3b.
- the pressing device 3 can be pivoted up to enable loading, or on the other hand the active part of the pressing device 3 can be placed by the pivoting element 3b in a position above and between the shredding shafts 8, 9, so on To push the material to be shredded towards the shredding shafts 8, 9.
- the pressing lever 3a can be moved back and forth, which leads to a refilling effect of the pressing device 3.
- This stuffing movement of the pressing lever 3a is preferably driven hydraulically because such drives are robust and can transmit high forces.
- the pivoting element 3b is designed here in the form of a circular disk or circular segment disk.
- the area of the pivoting element 3b, which protrudes from the side wall 5 into the material feed area, is covered both on the end faces and on the cylinder surface, so that no shredded material can impair the function of the pivoting element 3b.
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Description
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Wellenzerkleinerer, insbesondere Zweiwellenzerkleinerer, nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a shaft shredder, in particular a two-shaft shredder, according to the preamble of
Wellenzerkleinerer sind beispielsweise aus
Der bekannte Wellenzerkleinerer weist eine Zerkleinerungseinheit auf, welche einen Zerkleinerungsbereich definiert, in welchem die Zerkleinerungswellen das zugeführte, zu zerkleinernde Material erfassen können. Davon räumlich zu unterscheiden ist ein sogenannter Materialaufgabebereich, welcher bei horizontal liegender Anordnung der Wellen sich in der Regel bezogen auf die Schwerkraftrichtung benachbart, nämlich oberhalb, des Zerkleinerungsbereichs der Zerkleinerungseinheit an diese anschließt. Üblicherweise weist ein solcher Materialaufgabebereich eine Reihe von - oftmals trichterförmig zusammenlaufenden - Seitenwänden auf.The known shaft shredder has a shredding unit which defines a shredding area in which the shredding shafts can capture the supplied material to be shredded. A spatial distinction to be made from this is a so-called material feed area, which, when the shafts are arranged horizontally, is usually adjacent to the direction of gravity, namely above, the shredding area of the shredding unit. Such a material feed area usually has a series of side walls - often converging in a funnel shape.
Bei gattungsgemäßen Wellenzerkleinerern besteht häufig das Problem, dass sich Gegenstände beispielsweise in den Zerkleinerungswellen verfangen oder die Zerkleinerungswerkzeuge verschlissen werden. In solchen Fällen muss eine Wartung durchgeführt werden, wobei bei dem bekannten Wellenzerkleinerer dazu vorgeschlagen wird, dass an den Längsseiten der Zerkleinerungswellen im Zerkleinerungsbereich unterhalb des Materialaufgabebereichs Revisionsklappen vorgesehen sind. Diese können bei Stillstand der Maschine geöffnet werden und so den Zugang zum Zerkleinerungsbereich ermöglichen.With generic shaft shredders, there is often the problem that objects get caught in the shredding shafts, for example, or the shredding tools become worn. In such cases, maintenance must be carried out, and in the known shaft shredder it is proposed that inspection flaps are provided on the long sides of the shredding shafts in the shredding area below the material feed area. These can be opened when the machine is at a standstill, allowing access to the shredding area.
Wellenzerkleinerer nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 sind zum Beispiel aus
Gelegentlich kommt es bei diesen Wellenzerkleinerern vor, dass eine entsprechende Zerkleinerungswelle ausgebaut werden muss. Im gattungsgemäßen Dokument wird dazu vorgeschlagen, die Wellen über eine Axialkupplung mit dem Maschinenrahmen zu koppeln. Zum Ausbau lassen sich die Wellen axial verschieben, wodurch die Axialkupplungen der Zerkleinerungswellen von ihrem Antrieb entkoppelt werden. Weiter lässt sich dann eine Stirnwand mit darin gelagerten Wellen als Zweiwellenbaugruppe entnehmen.Occasionally it happens with these shaft shredders that a corresponding shredding shaft has to be removed. The document in question suggests coupling the shafts to the machine frame via an axial coupling. For removal, the shafts can be moved axially, which decouples the axial couplings of the shredding shafts from their drive. An end wall with shafts mounted in it can then be removed as a two-shaft assembly.
Diese Vorgehensweise ist nachteilig, weil die Zerkleinerungswellen erst axial verschoben und sodann ausgebaut werden können. Dabei muss auch der Zerkleinerungsbereich mit den umliegenden Wandungen zumindest teilweise zerlegt werden. Dies ist mit hohem Montage- bzw. Demontageaufwand verbunden.This procedure is disadvantageous because the shredding shafts can first be moved axially and then removed. The shredding area with the surrounding walls must also be at least partially dismantled. This involves a lot of assembly and disassembly effort.
Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Wellenzerkleinerer anzugeben, bei dem die geschilderten Nachteile vermieden oder jedenfalls reduziert werden und sich die Zerkleinerungswellen gut ausbauen lassen.The present invention is therefore based on the object of specifying a shaft shredder in which the disadvantages described are avoided or at least reduced and the shredding shafts can be easily expanded.
Gelöst wird diese Aufgabe insbesondere durch einen Wellenzerkleinerer mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1. Vorteilhafte Ausführungsformen finden sich in den abhängigen Ansprüchen. Ein erfindungsgemäßer Wellenzerkleinerer weist einen Maschinenrahmen und eine Zerkleinerungseinheit auf. Letztere umfasst mindestens eine darin gelagerte, über einen Antrieb angetriebene Zerkleinerungswelle. Benachbart zur Zerkleinerungseinheit ist ein Materialaufgabebereich ausgebildet, welcher eine Mehrzahl von Seitenwänden umfasst. Dieser Materialaufgabebereich ist insbesondere so zu verstehen, dass er außerhalb des Erfassungsbereichs der Zerkleinerungseinheit bzw. der Zerkleinerungswelle liegt. Insbesondere kann der Zerkleinerungsbereich bezogen auf die Schwerkraftrichtung oberhalb bzw. über der wenigstens einen Zerkleinerungswelle angeordnet sein.This task is solved in particular by a shaft shredder with the features of
Es ist vorgesehen, dass wenigstens eine der Seitenwände aus einer Gebrauchsstellung in eine Wartungsstellung bringbar, insbesondere klappbar oder verschiebbar, ausgebildet ist. Bevorzugt gilt dies für eine Mehrzahl der Seitenwände, insbesondere können alle Seitenwände so ausgebildet sein. Eine Seitenwand im Sinne der Erfindung kann zunächst einmal jedes Bauteil sein, welches dazu geeignet ist, den Materialaufgabebereich seitlich zu begrenzen. Dabei spielt es zunächst einmal keine Rolle, ob eine solche Seitenwand vertikal angeordnet ist oder etwa schräg zur Horizontalen verläuft. Insbesondere kann auch ein Bauteil, welches gemeinhin als Kipptrichter bezeichnet wird, eine Seitenwand im Sinne der Erfindung sein, soweit dieser Kipptrichter den Materialaufgabebereich begrenzt.It is provided that at least one of the side walls can be moved from a position of use into a maintenance position, in particular foldable or displaceable. This preferably applies to one The majority of side walls, in particular all side walls, can be designed in this way. A side wall in the sense of the invention can initially be any component that is suitable for laterally delimiting the material feed area. First of all, it doesn't matter whether such a side wall is arranged vertically or runs at an angle to the horizontal. In particular, a component which is commonly referred to as a tilting hopper can also be a side wall in the sense of the invention, as long as this tilting hopper limits the material feed area.
Bevorzugt ist vorgesehen, dass zumindest eine bezogen auf die Axialrichtung der Zerkleinerungswelle stirnseitig angeordnete Seitenwand in eine Wartungsstellung bringbar, insbesondere klappbar oder verschiebbar, ausgebildet ist. Stirnseitige Seitenwände sind diejenigen Wände, welche nicht parallel zu den Längsseiten einer Zerkleinerungswelle, sondern quer zur Längserstreckung der Zerkleinerungswelle, insbesondere im Bereich ihrer Endabschnitte, und insbesondere im Wesentlichen oberhalb der Zerkleinerungswelle angeordnet sind.It is preferably provided that at least one side wall arranged on the front side in relation to the axial direction of the shredding shaft is designed to be able to be brought into a maintenance position, in particular foldable or displaceable. End-side side walls are those walls which are not arranged parallel to the longitudinal sides of a comminution shaft, but transversely to the longitudinal extent of the comminution shaft, in particular in the area of its end sections, and in particular essentially above the comminution shaft.
Auf diese Weise wird erreicht, dass die Kupplungsbereiche, darunter sind diejenigen Bereiche zu verstehen, in denen die Zerkleinerungswelle mit einem maschinenseitigen Kupplungsabschnitt gekuppelt ist, freiliegen. In der Wartungsstellung sind so Lager-und/oder Kupplungsbereiche der wenigstens einen Zerkleinerungswelle zugänglich. Auf diese Weise ist es möglich, die Zerkleinerungswelle in der Wartungsstellung aus dem Maschinenrahmen auszubauen und bevorzugt nach oben, d.h. insbesondere senkrecht zur Schwerkraftrichtung, aus dem Zerkleinerungsbereich auszuheben, ohne Teile des Zerkleinerungsbereiches aufwendig zerlegen oder Wände teilweise oder komplett ausbauen zu müssen.In this way it is achieved that the coupling areas, which are to be understood as meaning those areas in which the shredding shaft is coupled to a machine-side coupling section, are exposed. In the maintenance position, bearing and/or coupling areas of the at least one shredding shaft are accessible. In this way it is possible and preferred to remove the shredding shaft from the machine frame in the maintenance position upwards, ie in particular perpendicular to the direction of gravity, from the shredding area, without having to laboriously dismantle parts of the shredding area or partially or completely remove walls.
Erfindungsgemäß kann die wenigstens eine Zerkleinerungswelle durch eine lösbare, formschlüssige Kupplung, insbesondere eine schraubbare Flanschkupplung, an jedem Ende der Zerkleinerungswelle in vorwiegend senkrechter Richtung aus dem Zerkleinerungsgehäuse demontiert werden und die Lagerungen der Wellen können am oder im Zerkleinerungsgehäuse verbleiben. Natürlich sind auch andere Kupplungsformen denkbar.According to the invention, the at least one shredding shaft can be dismantled from the shredding housing in a predominantly vertical direction at each end of the shredding shaft by a releasable, positive coupling, in particular a screwable flange coupling, and the bearings of the shafts can remain on or in the shredding housing. Of course, other forms of coupling are also conceivable.
Zur Verbesserung der Materialaufgabe kann vorgesehen sein, dass eine Wand des Materialaufgabebereiches als, insbesondere den Antrieb der Zerkleinerungswelle (zumindest in der Gebrauchsstellung) wenigstens teilweise überdeckender, Kipptrichter ausgebildet ist. Nach einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung ist eine, insbesondere die als Kipptrichter ausgebildete, Wand, insbesondere zumindest im Wesentlichen horizontal, so bewegbar, insbesondere verschiebbar, dass dadurch der Raum für die lösbare, formschlüssige Kupplung zu Wartungszwecken freigegeben wird. Alternativ oder ergänzend hierzu kann vorgesehen sein, dass eine der Seitenwände des Materialaufgabebereichs so bewegt, insbesondere geschwenkt oder im Wesentlichen horizontal verschoben werden kann, dass der Raum für die lösbare, formschlüssige Kupplung zu Wartungszwecken freigegeben wird. Alle diese Maßnahmen sorgen dafür, dass keine vorhandenen Seitenwände ausgebaut werden müssen, um Wartungsarbeiten durchzuführen bzw. eine Zerkleinerungswelle zu entnehmen.To improve the material feed, it can be provided that a wall of the material feed area is designed as a tilting funnel that at least partially covers the drive of the shredding shaft (at least in the use position). According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a wall, in particular the one designed as a tilting funnel, is movable, in particular displaceable, in particular at least essentially horizontally, so that the space for the releasable, positive coupling is thereby released for maintenance purposes. Alternatively or in addition to this, it can be provided that one of the side walls of the material feed area can be moved, in particular pivoted or moved essentially horizontally, so that the space for the releasable, positive coupling is released for maintenance purposes. All of these measures ensure that no existing side walls have to be removed for maintenance work to carry out or remove a shredding shaft.
Nach einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung kann - insbesondere bezogen auf die Schwerkraftrichtung - unter oder unterhalb der wenigstens einen Zerkleinerungswelle wenigstens ein Nachzerkleinerungswerkzeug, insbesondere ein Brechbalken oder Siebkorb, angeordnet sein. Bevorzugt kann das Nachzerkleinerungswerkzeug im Wesentlichen - insbesondere bezogen auf die Schwerkraftrichtung - in vertikaler Richtung angehoben oder abgesenkt werden. Das Anheben oder Absenken hat zum einen den Vorteil, dass hierdurch gegebenenfalls an dem zu zerkleinernden Material noch maschinelle Anpassungen vorgenommen werden können. Auf der anderen Seite ist es so möglich, das Nachzerkleinerungswerkzeug zu Wartungszwecken von den Zerkleinerungswellen abzurücken. So kann nach einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform insbesondere vorgesehen sein, dass das Nachzerkleinerungswerkzeug aus dem Wellenzerkleinerer nach Absenken herausgefahren werden kann. Bevorzugt kann nach Absenken des Nachzerkleinerungswerkzeugs dasselbe etwa seitlich nach Art einer Schublade aus dem Maschinenrahmen herausgefahren werden. Natürlich kann die Vorrichtung auch so beschaffen sein, dass sie dies an der Stirnseite des Wellenzerkleinerers vorsieht. Bevorzugt weist der Wellenzerkleinerer zum Ausbringen des Nachzerkleinerungswerkzeugs entsprechend unterhalb oder unter den Zerkleinerungswellen gelegene Revisionsklappen auf, die das Nachzerkleinerungswerkzeug zugänglich machen.According to a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, at least one secondary shredding tool, in particular a crushing bar or sieve basket, can be arranged under or below the at least one shredding shaft - in particular in relation to the direction of gravity. Preferably, the post-shredding tool can essentially be raised or lowered in the vertical direction - in particular in relation to the direction of gravity. Raising or lowering has the advantage, on the one hand, that mechanical adjustments can be made to the material to be shredded if necessary. On the other hand, it is possible to move the secondary shredding tool away from the shredding shafts for maintenance purposes. According to a further preferred embodiment, it can be provided in particular that the secondary shredding tool can be moved out of the shaft shredder after it has been lowered. After the secondary shredding tool has been lowered, it can preferably be moved out of the machine frame laterally in the manner of a drawer. Of course, the device can also be designed in such a way that it provides this on the front side of the shaft shredder. For dispensing the secondary shredding tool, the shaft shredder preferably has inspection flaps located below or below the shredding shafts, which make the secondary shredding tool accessible.
Bevorzugt handelt es sich bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Wellenzerkleinerer um einen Zweiwellenzerkleinerer, der zwei Zerkleinerungswellen umfasst, welche nebeneinander liegend, insbesondere mit parallel zueinander angeordneten Drehachsen, angeordnet sind. Nebeneinanderliegend bedeutet im Sinne der Erfindung nicht zwangsläufig eine horizontale Ausrichtung und eine parallele Ausrichtung der beiden Zerkleinerungswellen. Nebeneinanderliegend bedeutet lediglich, dass die beiden Zerkleinerungswellen in räumlicher Nähe angeordnet sind. So kann eine V-förmige Konfiguration der beiden Zerkleinerungswellen ebenso wie eine Anordnung darunter verstanden werden, bei der die beiden Wellen in Schwerkraftrichtung betrachtet vertikal nach Art einer Stufe versetzt zueinander angeordnet sind. In diesem Sinne sind alle relativen Konfigurationen beider Zerkleinerungswellen als nebeneinanderliegend zu verstehen. In jedem Fall ist eine nebeneinanderliegende Konfiguration dann gegeben, wenn die an den Wellen befindlichen Zerkleinerungswerkzeuge dabei miteinander kämmen, d.h. die Zerkleinerungswerkzeuge, die am Umfang der jeweiligen Zerkleinerungswelle angeordnet sind, greifen zumindest teilweise in die Zwischenräume zwischen den Zerkleinerungswerkzeugen der jeweils anderen Zerkleinerungswelle ein.The shaft shredder according to the invention is preferably a two-shaft shredder which comprises two shredding shafts which are arranged next to one another, in particular with axes of rotation arranged parallel to one another. In the context of the invention, lying next to one another does not necessarily mean a horizontal alignment and a parallel alignment of the two shredding shafts. Lying next to each other simply means that the two shredding shafts are arranged in close proximity. This can be understood as a V-shaped configuration of the two comminution shafts as well as an arrangement in which the two shafts, viewed in the direction of gravity, are arranged vertically offset from one another in the manner of a step. In this sense, all relative configurations of both comminution shafts are to be understood as lying next to one another. In any case, a side-by-side configuration is achieved when the comminution tools located on the shafts mesh with one another, i.e. the comminution tools, which are arranged on the circumference of the respective comminution shaft, engage at least partially in the spaces between the comminution tools of the other comminution shaft.
Nach einer besonderen Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung ist ein Wellenzerkleinerer mit einem Maschinenrahmen und einer Zerkleinerungseinheit vorgesehen, welche zwei Zerkleinerungswellen umfasst, welche nebeneinander liegend angeordnet sind, wobei die Zerkleinerungswellen über wenigstens einen Antrieb angetriebenen sind und benachbart zur Zerkleinerungseinheit ein Materialaufgabebereich ausgebildet ist, welcher eine Mehrzahl von Seitenwänden umfasst, wobei der Wellenzerkleinerer, der insbesondere im Weiteren so ausgebildet ist wie oben beschrieben, wenigstens eine, insbesondere angetriebene, Nachdrückeinrichtung umfasst. Die Nachdrückeinrichtung umfasst dabei beispielsweise ein längliches, insbesondere zylinderförmiges, Nachdrückelement, dessen Längsachse bevorzugt parallel zu den Drehachsen der Zerkleinerungswellen verläuft. Natürlich kann die Nachdrückeinrichtung eine Mehrzahl entlang der Zerkleinerungswellen angeordnete Nachdrückelemente aufweisen, wobei diese beispielsweise kugelförmige Nachdrückelemente anstelle eines länglichen Nachdrückelements umfassen können.According to a special embodiment of the present invention, a shaft shredder is provided with a machine frame and a shredding unit, which comprises two shredding shafts which are arranged next to one another, the shredding shafts being driven by at least one drive and being adjacent A material feed area is formed for the shredding unit, which comprises a plurality of side walls, wherein the shaft shredder, which is further designed in particular as described above, comprises at least one, in particular driven, pressing device. The pressing device comprises, for example, an elongated, in particular cylindrical, pressing element, the longitudinal axis of which preferably runs parallel to the axes of rotation of the comminution shafts. Of course, the pressing device can have a plurality of pressing elements arranged along the comminution shafts, which can, for example, comprise spherical pressing elements instead of an elongated pressing element.
Mithilfe dieser Nachdrückeinrichtung können insbesondere leichte, sperrige oder voluminöse Teile im zu zerkleinern Material, die ansonsten nicht von den beiden Zerkleinerungswellen erfasst werden, sondern eher auf den Wellen hin und her geworfen werden, in den Wirkbereich der Werkzeuge der Zerkleinerungswellen hineingedrückt werden.With the help of this pressing device, in particular light, bulky or voluminous parts in the material to be shredded, which are otherwise not captured by the two shredding shafts but rather are thrown back and forth on the shafts, can be pressed into the effective range of the tools of the shredding shafts.
Dazu kann nach einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung vorgesehen sein, dass die Nachdrückeinrichtung aus einem Gebrauchszustand im Bereich der Zerkleinerungswellen, insbesondere im Bereich zwischen den und/ oder oberhalb der Zerkleinerungswellen in einen Nichtgebrauchszustand bringbar, insbesondere schwenkbar ist. Der Gebrauchszustand ist derjenige Zustand, bei welchem die Nachdrückeinrichtung aktiv am Zerkleinerungsprozess beteiligt wird. Dies kann beispielsweise so geschehen, dass sie lediglich mit Schwerkraft auf das zu zerkleinerte Material drückt. Bevorzugt ist vorgesehen, dass die Nachdrückeinrichtung angetrieben wird, d.h. aktiv zusätzlich zur Schwerkraft Material gegen die Zerkleinerungswellen drückt. Dies kann alternierend erfolgen, sodass eine Hin- und HerBewegung der Nachdrückeinrichtung auf die Wellen zu und von diesen weg ausgeführt wird. Demgegenüber bezeichnet der Nichtgebrauchszustand der Nachdrückeinrichtung den Zustand, in welchem beispielsweise neues Material in den Materialaufgabebereich gelangt und die Nachdrückeinrichtung nicht betätigt wird.For this purpose, according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it can be provided that the pressing device can be brought, in particular pivoted, from a use state in the area of the comminution shafts, in particular in the area between and / or above the comminution shafts, into a non-use state. The state of use is the state in which the pressing device is actively involved in the comminution process. This can happen, for example, in such a way that they only uses gravity to press on the material to be shredded. It is preferably provided that the pressing device is driven, ie actively presses material against the comminution shafts in addition to gravity. This can be done alternately, so that a back and forth movement of the pressing device towards and away from the shafts is carried out. In contrast, the non-use state of the pressing device refers to the state in which, for example, new material enters the material feed area and the pressing device is not actuated.
Nach einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist vorgesehen, dass die Nachdrückeinrichtung an einer der Seitenwände, insbesondere schwenkbar, angebracht ist. Bevorzugt handelt es sich bei einer dieser Seitenwände um eine an einer Längsseite einer Zerkleinerungswelle vorgesehene Seitenwand. An dieser kann die Nachdrückeinrichtung beispielsweise über einen Antrieb, insbesondere durch ein oder eine Mehrzahl Hydraulikzylinder, aus der Nichtgebrauchsstellung in die Gebrauchsstellung geschwenkt bzw. in der Gebrauchsstellung bewegt werden. Bevorzugt ist in diesem Fall die Nachdrückeinrichtung an einem Schwenkhebel angebracht, welcher am dem Nachdrückelement gegenüberliegenden Ende an der entsprechenden Seitenwand schwenkbar gelagert ist. Dabei ist der Schwenkhebel in der Seitenwand bevorzugt so gelagert, dass in jedem Schwenkzustand des Schwenkhebels keine Öffnung in der Seitenwand entsteht. Dies kann beispielsweise dadurch erreicht werden, dass eine Kreisscheibe oder zumindest ein Kreisscheibensegment in der Seitenwand mit einer Drehachse parallel zur Seitenwand drehbar gelagert ist, wobei an diesem Kreisscheibensegment oder dieser Kreisscheibe der Schwenkhebel angebracht ist. Die durch eine Lageröffnung in der Seitenwand hindurchreichende Fläche, insbesondere Umfangsfläche, der Kreisscheibe bzw. des Kreisscheibensegmentes verschließt dabei die Lageröffnung in jedem Schwenkzustand.According to a preferred embodiment, it is provided that the pressing device is attached to one of the side walls, in particular in a pivotable manner. One of these side walls is preferably a side wall provided on a long side of a shredding shaft. On this, the pressing device can be pivoted from the non-use position into the use position or moved into the use position, for example via a drive, in particular by one or a plurality of hydraulic cylinders. In this case, the pressing device is preferably attached to a pivoting lever, which is pivotally mounted on the corresponding side wall at the end opposite the pressing element. The pivoting lever is preferably mounted in the side wall in such a way that no opening is created in the side wall in any pivoting state of the pivoting lever. This can be achieved, for example, by installing a circular disk or at least a circular disk segment in the side wall with a Axis of rotation is rotatably mounted parallel to the side wall, the pivot lever being attached to this circular disk segment or this circular disk. The surface, in particular the peripheral surface, of the circular disk or circular disk segment extending through a bearing opening in the side wall closes the bearing opening in every pivoting state.
Nach einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung ist ein Wellenzerkleinerer mit einem Maschinenrahmen und einer Zerkleinerungseinheit vorgesehen, welche mindestens zwei darin gelagerte, über einen Antrieb angetriebene Zerkleinerungswellen umfasst, wobei benachbart zur Zerkleinerungseinheit ein Materialaufgabebereich ausgebildet ist. Dieser Zweiwellenzerkleinerer kann so ausgebildet sein, wie oben beschrieben. Erfindungsgemäß umfasst der Wellenzerkleinerer eine Wellenkoppelvorrichtung, die so eingerichtet ist, dass sie von einem Synchronmodus, bei dem die Zerkleinerungswellen in einem definierten Drehzahlverhältnis mit entgegengesetzter Drehrichtung bewegt werden, und einem Asynchronmodus, bei dem die Zerkleinerungswellen mit jeweils beliebiger Drehrichtung und ohne definiertes Drehzahlverhältnis bewegt werden, umschaltbar ist. Auf diese Weise kann der Wellenzerkleinerer aufkommenden Anforderungen hinsichtlich des Zerkleinerungsprozesses angepasst werden.According to a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, a shaft shredder is provided with a machine frame and a shredding unit, which comprises at least two shredding shafts mounted therein and driven via a drive, with a material feed area being formed adjacent to the shredding unit. This two-shaft shredder can be designed as described above. According to the invention, the shaft shredder comprises a shaft coupling device which is set up so that it can be moved by a synchronous mode, in which the shredding shafts are moved in a defined speed ratio with opposite directions of rotation, and an asynchronous mode, in which the shredding shafts are moved with any direction of rotation and without a defined speed ratio , can be switched. In this way, the shaft shredder can be adapted to emerging requirements regarding the shredding process.
Nach einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsform weist die Wellenkoppelvorrichtung ein verschiebbares oder schwenkbare Ritzel auf, um das Umschalten vom Synchronmodus in den Asynchronmodus zu bewirken. Ein solches Ritzel lässt sich auf einfache Weise durch einen beliebigen Antrieb oder auch händisch aus einer Synchronstellung, bei der beide Wellen miteinander gekoppelt sind, in eine asynchrone Stellung verschieben.According to an advantageous embodiment, the shaft coupling device has a displaceable or pivotable pinion in order to switch from synchronous mode to asynchronous mode to effect. Such a pinion can be easily moved from a synchronous position, in which both shafts are coupled to one another, to an asynchronous position using any drive or manually.
Für alle hier vorgestellten Ausführungsformen gilt, dass wenn immer von Antrieben die Rede ist, natürlich beliebige Arten von Antrieben gemeint sein können.For all the embodiments presented here, whenever we talk about drives, any type of drive can of course be meant.
Die Antriebseinheit für die Zerkleinerungswellen kann bevorzugt dieselhydraulisch oder elektrohydraulisch sein.The drive unit for the shredding shafts can preferably be diesel-hydraulic or electro-hydraulic.
Nach einer weiteren Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung ist vorgesehen, dass der erfindungsgemäße Wellenzerkleinerer mit den Zerkleinerungswellen gekoppelte oder koppelbare, auf der Antriebsseite oder auf der der Antriebsseite gegenüberliegenden Seite der Zerkleinerungswellen angeordnete, insbesondere die Wellenkoppelvorrichtung umfassende, Getriebeeinrichtung aufweist. Getriebeeinrichtungen sind so zu verstehen, dass jede Art von Kopplung einer Welle mit dem Antrieb darunter zu verstehen ist. Es können miteinander kämmende Zahnräder genauso vorliegen wie etwa Riemenantriebe oder Kettenantriebe. Jede Zerkleinerungswelle weist bevorzugt ein separates Getriebe auf.According to a further embodiment of the present invention, it is provided that the shaft shredder according to the invention has a gear device which is coupled or can be coupled to the shredding shafts and is arranged on the drive side or on the side of the shredding shafts opposite the drive side, in particular comprising the shaft coupling device. Gear devices are to be understood as meaning any type of coupling between a shaft and the drive. There can be meshing gears as well as belt drives or chain drives. Each shredding shaft preferably has a separate gear.
Weiter kann im erfindungsgemäßen Wellenzerkleinerer eine elektrische Steuerung zur Steuerung und Überwachung der mechanischen, elektrischen und hydraulischen Vorgänge und Parameter der Maschine vorgesehen sein.Furthermore, an electrical control for controlling and monitoring the mechanical, electrical and hydraulic processes and parameters of the machine can be provided in the shaft shredder according to the invention.
Was das Bewegen der Seitenwände betrifft, so kann dies natürlich händisch erfolgen, vorstellbar ist natürlich auch, dass eine oder eine Mehrzahl Seitenwände hydraulisch, elektrisch oder mechanisch bewegbar sind. Dies kann beispielsweise dann über die Steuerung bewerkstelligt werden.As far as moving the side walls is concerned, this can of course be done manually; it is of course also conceivable that one or a plurality of side walls can be moved hydraulically, electrically or mechanically. This can then be accomplished, for example, via the controller.
Die Seitenwände, welche an den Längsseiten der Zerkleinerungswelle vorgesehen sind, sind bevorzugt so ausgelegt, dass sie dicht an die Außenkante des Gehäuses der Zerkleinerungseinheit verbringbar sind. Hierdurch wird eine direkte Zugänglichkeit zu den Zerkleinerungswerkzeugen auf den Zerkleinerungswellen und den Gegenkämmen erreicht. Die Gegenkämme sind bevorzugt unterhalb der längsseitigen Seitenwände in der Zerkleinerungseinheit angebracht.The side walls, which are provided on the long sides of the shredding shaft, are preferably designed so that they can be moved close to the outer edge of the housing of the shredding unit. This ensures direct access to the shredding tools on the shredding shafts and the counter combs. The counter combs are preferably mounted below the longitudinal side walls in the shredding unit.
Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand der
- Figur 1 -
- zeigt eine perspektivische Darstellung eines erfindungsgemäßen Wellenzerkleinerers in Beladungsstellung,
- Figur 2 -
- zeigt den Wellenzerkleinerer in Vorbereitung einer Wartung,
- Figur 3 -
- zeigt eine Detailansicht der
Figur 2 , - Figur 4 -
- zeigt den Kopplungsbereich von Antrieb und Zerkleinerungswellen,
- Figur 5 -
- zeigt den Kopplungsbereich von Zerkleinerungswellen und Wellenkoppelvorrichtung,
- Figur 6 -
- zeigt eine Detailansicht mit geöffneten Revisionsklappen und herausgezogenem Nachzerkleinerungswerkzeug,
- Figur 7 -
- zeigt ein Wartungsgestell zur Aufnahme von Zerkleinerungswellen,
- Figur 8 -
- zeigt einen Ausschnitt der auf dem Wartungsgestell liegenden Zerkleinerungswellen,
- Figur 9 -
- zeigt die Nachdrückeinrichtung in Nichtgebrauchsstellung, während sich die Seitenwand in der Wartungsstellung befindet.
- Figure 1 -
- shows a perspective view of a shaft shredder according to the invention in the loading position,
- Figure 2 -
- shows the shaft shredder in preparation for maintenance,
- Figure 3 -
- shows a detailed view of the
Figure 2 , - Figure 4 -
- shows the coupling area of the drive and shredding shafts,
- Figure 5 -
- shows the coupling area of shredding shafts and shaft coupling device,
- Figure 6 -
- shows a detailed view with the inspection flaps open and the subsequent shredding tool pulled out,
- Figure 7 -
- shows a maintenance frame for holding shredding shafts,
- Figure 8 -
- shows a section of the shredding shafts lying on the maintenance frame,
- Figure 9 -
- shows the pressing device in the non-use position while the side wall is in the maintenance position.
Das zu zerkleinernde Material wird in den Materialaufgabebereich gegeben, durch die Zerkleinerungseinheit 2 zerkleinert und unterhalb von dieser aufgefangen. Das zerkleinerte Material wird von dort zu dem auf der rechten Seite gezeigten Förderband transportiert und von diesem abtransportiert.The material to be shredded is placed in the material feed area, shredded by the shredding unit 2 and collected below it. The shredded material is transported from there to the conveyor belt shown on the right and transported away by it.
Ebenso soll die Abschirmung 11 verhindern, dass Zerkleinerungsgut in den zum Antrieb hin weisenden Flanschbereich gelangt. Dieser Bereich ist in
Die Flanschkupplungen 15, 16, 17, 18 können zur Entnahme der Zerkleinerungswellen 8, 9 gelöst und sodann können diese unmittelbar nach dem Lösen der Verschraubung in, relativ zur Drehachse, radialer Richtung, insbesondere vertikaler, entnommen werden. Somit kann die Entnahme der Zerkleinerungswellen 8, 9 beschleunigt werden, ohne dass dazu zunächst ein Teil des Antriebes oder der Lagerung der Zerkleinerungswellen 8, 9 demontiert werden muss.The flange couplings 15, 16, 17, 18 can be loosened to remove the
Zur Wartung können nach dem Lösen der Flanschkupplungen 15, 16, 17, 18 die Zerkleinerungswellen 8, 9 angehoben werden.For maintenance purposes, the shredding
Das Wartungsgestell 21 kann in den Wellenzerkleinerer 1 eingeschoben werden und mit den Ablagen 22, 23 unter den Zerkleinerungswellen 8, 9 positioniert werde. Sodann wird das Wartungsgestell 21 angehoben und die Zerkleinerungswellen liegen auf den Ablagen 22, 23 auf und werden mit dem Wartungsgestell 21 angehoben. Somit können die Zerkleinerungswellen 8, 9 - wie es die
Mit einem derartigen Wellenzerkleinerer 1 kann die Wartung der Zerkleinerungseinheit 2 vereinfacht und gleichzeitig verkürzt werden, was die Wartungskosten reduziert.With such a
Im Gebrauchszustand, bei dem die Seitenwände 4, 5, 6, 7, wie in
Um die Mechanik der Nachdrückeinrichtung 3 vor Verschmutzungen und damit vor Beschädigungen zu schützen, ist gerade das Verschwenkungselement 3b hier in Form einer Kreisscheibe oder Kreissegmentscheibe ausgebildet. Dabei ist der Bereich des Verschwenkungselements 3b, der aus der Seitenwand 5 hinaus in den Materialaufgabebereich hereinragt, sowohl an den Stirnflächen, als auch auf der Zylinderfläche verkleidet, so das kein Zerkleinerungsgut die Funktion des Verschwenkungselements 3b beeinträchtigen kann.In order to protect the mechanics of the
Claims (11)
- Shaft shredder 1 with a machine frame and a shredding unit (2) which comprises at least one shredder shaft (8, 9) mounted therein and driven via a drive, wherein a material delivery region is formed adjacent the shredding unit (2) and comprises a plurality of side walls (4, 5, 6, 7) wherein at least one of the side walls (4, 5, 6,7), in particular at least one side wall (4, 7) arranged at the end side in relation to the axial direction of the shredder shaft (8, 9), can be brought, in particular folded or displaced, from an operative position into a maintenance position,
characterised in that
in the maintenance position bearing and/or coupling areas of the at least one shredder shaft (8, 9) are accessible wherein the at least one shredder shaft (8, 9) can be dismantled by a releasable form-locking coupling, in particular a screw-on flange coupling (15, 16; 17, 18) at each end of the shredder shaft (8, 9) in a mainly vertical direction from a shredder housing of the shredding unit (2) and the bearings of the shafts remain on or in the shredder housing. - Shaft shredder (1) according to Claim 1
characterised in that
a wall (7) of the material delivery region is configured as a tip-up hopper (7) which covers in particular the drive of the shredder shaft (8, 9) at least in part. - Shaft shredder (1) according to Claim 1 and 2
characterised in that
a wall (7) configured in particular as a tip-up hopper, is movable, in particular displaceable, in particular at least substantially horizontally so that a space is released for the releasable form-locking coupling (15, 16) for maintenance purposes. - Shaft shredder (1) according to one of the preceding claims
characterised in that
one of the side walls (4) of the material delivery region can be moved, in particular pivoted or displaced substantially horizontally so that a space is released for the releasable form-locking coupling (17, 18) for maintenance purposes. - Shaft shredder (1) according to one of the preceding claims
characterised in that
at least one secondary shredding tool (19), in particular a crushing beam or screen basket is arranged beneath the at least one shredder shaft (8, 9). - Shaft shredder (1) according to Claim 5
characterised in that
the secondary shredding tool (19) can be raised or lowered substantially in the vertical direction. - Shaft shredder (1) according to one of Claims 5 or 6
characterised in that
the secondary shredding tool (19) can be moved out from the shaft shredder (1). - Shaft shredder (1) according to one of the preceding claims
characterised in that
it comprises two shredder shafts (8, 9) which are arranged lying next to one another, in particular with axes of rotation arranged parallel to one another. - Shaft shredder (1) according to Claim 8
characterised in that
it comprises an in particular driven pressure backup device (3) which has an in particular elongated in particular cylindrical pressure backup element whose longitudinal axis preferably runs parallel to the axes of rotation of the shredder shafts (8, 9). - Shaft shredder (1) according to Claim 9
characterised in that
the pressure backup device (3) can be brought, in particular pivoted, from an operative position in the region of the shredder shafts, in particular in the region between the and/or above the shredder shafts (8, 9), into an inoperative position. - Shaft shredder (1) according to one of Claims 9 or 10
characterised in that
the pressure backup device (3) is attached, in particular for pivotal movement, on one of the side walls (4, 5, 6, 7).
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP20202224.0A EP3799961B1 (en) | 2018-05-11 | 2018-05-11 | Shaft shredder |
ES20202224T ES2974979T3 (en) | 2018-05-11 | 2018-05-11 | shaft crusher |
PL20202224.0T PL3799961T3 (en) | 2018-05-11 | 2018-05-11 | Shaft shredder |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP20202224.0A EP3799961B1 (en) | 2018-05-11 | 2018-05-11 | Shaft shredder |
EP18171900.6A EP3566777B1 (en) | 2018-05-11 | 2018-05-11 | Shaft grinder |
Related Parent Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP18171900.6A Division EP3566777B1 (en) | 2018-05-11 | 2018-05-11 | Shaft grinder |
Publications (4)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3799961A2 EP3799961A2 (en) | 2021-04-07 |
EP3799961A3 EP3799961A3 (en) | 2021-06-09 |
EP3799961C0 EP3799961C0 (en) | 2023-12-13 |
EP3799961B1 true EP3799961B1 (en) | 2023-12-13 |
Family
ID=62152479
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP20202224.0A Active EP3799961B1 (en) | 2018-05-11 | 2018-05-11 | Shaft shredder |
EP18171900.6A Active EP3566777B1 (en) | 2018-05-11 | 2018-05-11 | Shaft grinder |
Family Applications After (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP18171900.6A Active EP3566777B1 (en) | 2018-05-11 | 2018-05-11 | Shaft grinder |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US20210023569A1 (en) |
EP (2) | EP3799961B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP7475285B2 (en) |
CA (1) | CA3097072A1 (en) |
ES (2) | ES2974979T3 (en) |
PL (2) | PL3566777T3 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2019215312A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
AT523406B1 (en) * | 2020-04-23 | 2021-08-15 | Untha Shredding Tech Gmbh | Shredding machine |
DE202020103188U1 (en) | 2020-06-03 | 2021-09-06 | Vogelsang Gmbh & Co. Kg | Twin shaft shredder with a horizontal maintenance concept |
Family Cites Families (19)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US2462692A (en) * | 1945-05-04 | 1949-02-22 | Standard Oil Dev Co | Tearing and dividing equipment |
US4034918A (en) * | 1975-08-06 | 1977-07-12 | Saturn Manufacturing, Inc. | Drive arrangement for rotary shredding apparatus |
US4921176A (en) * | 1987-05-09 | 1990-05-01 | Kyokuto Kaihatsu Kogyo, Co., Ltd. | Apparatus for crushing things |
DE3927376A1 (en) * | 1989-08-19 | 1991-02-21 | Fritz Sachse Maschinen Gmbh | Security document shredding machine - has two rotors which rotate at widely different speeds and in opposite directions |
US5273218A (en) * | 1990-08-20 | 1993-12-28 | Burns Leslie L | Falcon hog |
JP2586297Y2 (en) * | 1993-12-21 | 1998-12-02 | 株式会社クボタ | Crushing machine |
US5580006A (en) * | 1995-01-04 | 1996-12-03 | Recyclights, Inc. | Sprocket crusher |
AUPO014096A0 (en) * | 1996-05-30 | 1996-06-27 | Parke, Terrence James | Mobile size reducer |
JPH10286481A (en) * | 1997-04-15 | 1998-10-27 | Hitachi Constr Mach Co Ltd | Self-traveling shredder for cutting tires |
JP2000033285A (en) * | 1998-07-21 | 2000-02-02 | Yutani Heavy Ind Ltd | Crusher of crushing machine |
JP3845542B2 (en) * | 2000-04-04 | 2006-11-15 | 日立建機株式会社 | Self-propelled crusher |
AUPR955001A0 (en) * | 2001-12-11 | 2002-01-24 | Medivac Technology Pty Limited | Compact waste treatment apparatus |
WO2005079990A1 (en) * | 2004-02-19 | 2005-09-01 | Kabushiki Kaisha Kinki | Shear crusher and crushing method |
EP1593435A1 (en) * | 2004-04-30 | 2005-11-09 | Edi Bondioli | Reduction device for transmitting motion to tools of a crushing machine and crushing machine incorporating said device |
JP4986573B2 (en) * | 2006-10-30 | 2012-07-25 | 日立建機株式会社 | Shear type crusher |
US7578463B2 (en) * | 2007-03-13 | 2009-08-25 | Sotsky George R | Modular Rotary Grinder |
WO2013167497A2 (en) * | 2012-05-07 | 2013-11-14 | Erdmann Gmbh & Co. Kg | Disintegrating machine |
EP3248687B1 (en) | 2016-05-23 | 2019-09-11 | Manuel Lindner | Two-shaft shredder having quick change device |
DE202020103188U1 (en) * | 2020-06-03 | 2021-09-06 | Vogelsang Gmbh & Co. Kg | Twin shaft shredder with a horizontal maintenance concept |
-
2018
- 2018-05-11 PL PL18171900T patent/PL3566777T3/en unknown
- 2018-05-11 PL PL20202224.0T patent/PL3799961T3/en unknown
- 2018-05-11 ES ES20202224T patent/ES2974979T3/en active Active
- 2018-05-11 EP EP20202224.0A patent/EP3799961B1/en active Active
- 2018-05-11 EP EP18171900.6A patent/EP3566777B1/en active Active
- 2018-05-11 ES ES18171900T patent/ES2841808T3/en active Active
-
2019
- 2019-05-10 CA CA3097072A patent/CA3097072A1/en active Pending
- 2019-05-10 US US17/045,593 patent/US20210023569A1/en active Pending
- 2019-05-10 JP JP2020563533A patent/JP7475285B2/en active Active
- 2019-05-10 WO PCT/EP2019/062002 patent/WO2019215312A1/en active Application Filing
-
2023
- 2023-12-04 US US18/527,563 patent/US20240116057A1/en active Pending
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP2021523825A (en) | 2021-09-09 |
ES2974979T3 (en) | 2024-07-02 |
JP7475285B2 (en) | 2024-04-26 |
ES2841808T3 (en) | 2021-07-09 |
EP3799961C0 (en) | 2023-12-13 |
EP3799961A3 (en) | 2021-06-09 |
PL3566777T3 (en) | 2021-05-04 |
WO2019215312A1 (en) | 2019-11-14 |
EP3799961A2 (en) | 2021-04-07 |
EP3566777B1 (en) | 2020-11-18 |
US20240116057A1 (en) | 2024-04-11 |
US20210023569A1 (en) | 2021-01-28 |
EP3566777A1 (en) | 2019-11-13 |
CA3097072A1 (en) | 2019-11-14 |
PL3799961T3 (en) | 2024-04-29 |
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