EP2708340B1 - Device for screening wood chips - Google Patents

Device for screening wood chips Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2708340B1
EP2708340B1 EP13004466.2A EP13004466A EP2708340B1 EP 2708340 B1 EP2708340 B1 EP 2708340B1 EP 13004466 A EP13004466 A EP 13004466A EP 2708340 B1 EP2708340 B1 EP 2708340B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
wood
basket
screen basket
screening basket
drum
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Not-in-force
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EP13004466.2A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2708340A1 (en
Inventor
Kloth Hartmut
Horst Schildmeier
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HoGHa GmbH
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HoGHa GmbH
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Publication of EP2708340A1 publication Critical patent/EP2708340A1/en
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02CCRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/06Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
    • B02C18/14Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within horizontal containers
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27LREMOVING BARK OR VESTIGES OF BRANCHES; SPLITTING WOOD; MANUFACTURE OF VENEER, WOODEN STICKS, WOOD SHAVINGS, WOOD FIBRES OR WOOD POWDER
    • B27L11/00Manufacture of wood shavings, chips, powder, or the like; Tools therefor
    • B27L11/02Manufacture of wood shavings, chips, powder, or the like; Tools therefor of wood shavings or the like
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02CCRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C23/00Auxiliary methods or auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating not provided for in preceding groups or not specially adapted to apparatus covered by a single preceding group
    • B02C23/08Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating
    • B02C23/16Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating with separator defining termination of crushing or disintegrating zone, e.g. screen denying egress of oversize material
    • B02C2023/165Screen denying egress of oversize material

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for sorting wood chips in a wood chipper with a arranged on the outer circumference of a chopper wood chipper along this outer circumference screen basket, a drive unit for generating the sliding movement of the screen basket and with a positive guide device for the sliding movement of the screen basket.
  • Devices for sorting wood chips are an integral part of a wood chipper. They ensure that after shredding the wood supplied by the hacking drum not too large pieces of wood, so-called overlengths, leave the crushing space. These excess lengths remain due to the generic device while in the crushing chamber of the chipper until they are crushed to an acceptable size.
  • the screen basket forms the transition and sorting of the crushing space of the chipper to the downstream transport institutions that carry out the wood chips from the chipper.
  • wood chippers For this purpose, known from the prior art wood chippers have openings above or behind the chopper drum, through which the screen basket can be removed and which are closed during operation. As a rule, a specific removal position is provided for the removal of the screen basket, which differs from the actual sorting or working position of the screen basket. By not insignificant especially in larger wood chippers size of the screen baskets and the associated weight to removal usually present at the wood chipper hoists that are used during operation for supplying the wood material to be shredded used.
  • the method of the strainer basket from its working position to the removal position is usually realized by the strainer basket being held displaceably in continuous guidance on the machine frame of the chipping machine in continuous guidance devices.
  • the design of the positive guide device, for example, as continuous rails leads in practice by the fact that very small Hackmaterial sets between Siebkorbau towandung and inner guide wall, often to jamming of the screen basket inside the wood chipper.
  • the restoration of the mobility of the screen basket for displacement in the removal position then regularly requires a considerable amount of time and effort, with damage to the screen basket can not be excluded.
  • the object of the invention is to develop a generic device such that the replacement of a screen basket can be done in the simplest possible way. This provides for the avoidance of insert tools as well as the reliable mobility of the screen basket under all operating conditions. With the invention, the fact should also be taken into account that the comminuted material leads to blockages, for example due to moisture, both in the actual comminuting space and on the outside of the screen basket facing away from the chopping drum. Such blockages would have to be laboriously removed by hand when the system is shut down.
  • the drive unit has at least one toothed rack projecting outwardly from the outside of the screen drum, which meshes with a worm gear driven by a drive motor for moving the screen basket, and the worm wheel and drive motor on a movable cover 8 of the chopper drum 1 are fixed.
  • the design of the drive unit by means of a worm gear combination avoids a blockage of the drive, since even in the event that a wood chip should settle in the toothing of the rack, it is immediately removed during the rotation of the screw during the movement of the screen basket from the teeth.
  • the worm wheel thus cleans the teeth of the rack regularly and automatically by the self-rotation.
  • the described structural design ensures that the completion of Siebkorb functionals due to the closing of the cover of the chopper drum, the worm wheel of the drive unit automatically comes with the outside of the screen basket protruding rack engages.
  • the screen basket can thus be moved at any time with the cover closed by the drive unit.
  • opening the movable cover automatically causes the worm wheel to extend out of the rack so that the strainer basket is freely accessible in the removal opening of the wood chipper and can be easily removed with the lifting means provided on the wood chipper.
  • the drive motor is preferably designed as a hydraulic unit.
  • the self-locking worm wheel ensures that when the machine lid is closed, the strainer basket is held in any position by the worm drive and does not automatically slide down from its removal position along the circumference of the chipping drum.
  • the hydraulic unit is due to the fact that the entire wood chipper usually has a central hydraulics, especially under manufacturing technology and price point advantageous.
  • the positive guide device for the strainer basket in such a way that it consists of a plurality of guide bolts arranged tangentially on two different circumferential planes around the chipping drum, which support the side walls of the Sieve basket between them.
  • a continuous guide new design ensures that downsized wood chopping material can not be deposited on the guide pin. A seizing of the screen basket with the positive guidance device is thus excluded.
  • a simple, flexible and above all inexpensive positive drive device can be realized by the arrangement of the individual guide pins.
  • the side walls of the screen basket are stored in the removal position for the screen basket from the wood chipper on a support device.
  • the support device is preferably arranged above the chopper drum and facilitates the removal of the screen basket. In the closed state of the cover of the chopper drum of the screen basket is guided at its top by the lid, while it is held at the bottom of the support device in the form of side brackets.
  • the in the FIG. 1 illustrated device of the invention is part of a wood chipper.
  • the wood chipper essentially consists of a feed device 12, with the aid of which wood material to be comminuted is fed to a central chopper drum 1.
  • the chopper drum 1 has at its periphery a Plurality of chopping knives and crushes the supplied logs or the green section in conjunction with a counter-cutting tool 13th
  • the chopper drum 1 of the wood chipper thus produces chips that have a certain length.
  • the cutting length of wood chips depends on various operating factors.
  • the cutting length results on the one hand by the set feed speed of the feeder and on the other hand from the frequency of passing the chopping knives along the intake cross-section.
  • the length of the wood chips also depends on the Messervorstand existing on the chopping drum cleaver.
  • the wood chips generated by the chipping drum 1 do not have a certain uniform chip length, but are naturally subject to a size distribution.
  • a screen basket 2 is used for sorting the chips to the effect that wood chips that are over a certain length, are not transported from the wood chipper.
  • the openings in the screen basket 2 let those chips, which have a predetermined maximum length, pass through the screen basket 2 and are then transported out of the wood chipper by downstream transport members such as a screw conveyor 14 and additional blower.
  • the Indian FIG. 1 shown sieve basket 2 is there in the working position in the lower part of the wood chopper drum 1 on the screw conveyor 14. Since in practice screen baskets 2 different perforation are used, it is necessary to remove the respective screen basket 2 from the wood chipper as needed.
  • the screen basket 2 by means of a drive unit 3 from his in the FIG. 1 shown lower working position moved tangentially on the circumference of the chopper drum 1 along in a removal position. In position 2, an intermediate position of the screen basket to illustrate the travel is shown.
  • the screen basket 2 is continuously held by a positive guide device 4 during the entire travel path.
  • the positive drive device 4 is in the lower region of the working position of the screen basket 2 to to its removal position from a plurality of tangentially arranged on two different circumferential planes around the chipper drum 1 guide pin 9.
  • the guide pins 9 are spaced so that they each receive a side wall 10 of the screen basket 2 between them.
  • the arrangement of the guide pin 9 is for clarity in addition in the FIG. 6 shown.
  • the guide pins 9 are fixed to each one of the opposite Maschinengestellwandungen 15 and stand at the mutually facing inner sides of the Maschinengestellwandungen 15 before so far that the side wall 10 of the screen basket 2 can easily roll on them.
  • the guide pin 9 can be designed in the form of a ball bearing bolt, so that the side walls 10 of the screen basket 2 run on the respective outer rings of a ball bearing.
  • Such a configuration substantially reduces the friction between the cooperating components and naturally does not negligible reduce the necessary power of the drive unit 3.
  • the support device 11 consists of arranged on the machine frame walls 15 sheet metal supports, on the outer sides of the respective side wall 10 of the screen basket 2 is pushed.
  • the drive unit 3 as essential elements a rack 5, which is arranged centrally on the outside of the chopper drum 1 outside of the screen basket 2.
  • the rack 5 follows the outer contour of the screen basket 2 and is thus rounded accordingly.
  • To drive unit 3 also includes a worm wheel 6, which meshes in the teeth of the rack 5.
  • the interaction of rack 5 and Worm wheel 6 is in particular the FIG. 5 good to take.
  • the worm wheel 6 is moved by a drive motor 7, which may preferably be designed as a hydraulic unit.
  • worm wheel 6 and drive motor 7 Belonging to the drive unit 3 components worm wheel 6 and drive motor 7 are according to the invention attached to a cover 8.
  • the cover 8 serves to close the upper opening 16 through which the strainer basket 2 can be removed upwards during operation of the wood chipper machine.
  • the special structural design of the drive unit 3 with the attachment of worm 6 and drive motor 7 to the cover 8 serves to bring about an automatic decoupling of the worm wheel 6 with the rack 5, as soon as the cover 8 is raised.
  • the construction naturally causes an automatic coupling of the intermeshing components with the cover closed. This ensures that when the cover is closed, the screen basket 2 can be moved between its removal position and its working position by the drive unit 3.
  • An additional advantage of the design according to the invention is to be considered that the screen basket 2 is freely accessible in its removal position above the chipping drum 1 in the opening 16 and can be easily removed with appropriate hoists from the wood chipper, since the drive motor 7 together with the worm wheel 6 from the Working area is automatically removed Additional assembly work to prepare for the removal of the screen basket 2 is thus completely eliminated.
  • the worm wheel 6 is self-locking, so that at any time a holding function for the screen basket 2 is given.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Debarking, Splitting, And Disintegration Of Timber (AREA)

Description

Technisches UmfeldTechnical environment

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zum Sortieren von Hackschnitzeln in einer Holzhackmaschine mit einem am Außenumfang einer Hacktrommel der Holzhackmaschine verschiebbar entlang dieses Außenumfangs angeordneten Siebkorb, einer Antriebseinheit zur Erzeugung der Verschiebebewegung des Siebkorbes und mit einer Zwangsführungsvorrichtung für die Verschiebebewegung des Siebkorbes.The invention relates to a device for sorting wood chips in a wood chipper with a arranged on the outer circumference of a chopper wood chipper along this outer circumference screen basket, a drive unit for generating the sliding movement of the screen basket and with a positive guide device for the sliding movement of the screen basket.

Stand der TechnikState of the art

Vorrichtungen zum Sortieren von Hackschnitzeln sind integraler Bestandteil einer Holzhackmaschine. Sie sorgen dafür, dass nach der Zerkleinerung des zugeführten Holzes durch die Hacktrommel keine zu großen Holzstücke, sogenannte Überlängen, den Zerkleinerungsraum verlassen. Diese Überlängen verbleiben aufgrund der gattungsgemäßen Vorrichtung solange im Zerkleinerungsraum der Hackmaschine, bis sie auf eine akzeptable Größe zerkleinert sind. Der Siebkorb bildet die Übergangs- und Sortierstelle vom Zerkleinerungsraum der Hackmaschine zu den nachgeschalteten Transportorganen, die das Hackgut aus der Hackmaschine herausbefördern.Devices for sorting wood chips are an integral part of a wood chipper. They ensure that after shredding the wood supplied by the hacking drum not too large pieces of wood, so-called overlengths, leave the crushing space. These excess lengths remain due to the generic device while in the crushing chamber of the chipper until they are crushed to an acceptable size. The screen basket forms the transition and sorting of the crushing space of the chipper to the downstream transport institutions that carry out the wood chips from the chipper.

Aufgrund unterschiedlicher Anforderungen an das Hackgut kommen unterschiedliche Siebkörbe zum Einsatz, die sich vorrangig durch die Lochgröße unterscheiden. Während des Betriebes einer Holzhackmaschine ist es somit im allgemeinen regelmäßig erforderlich, den jeweiligen Siebkorb aus der Maschine zu entnehmen und durch einen anderen Siebkorb mit abweichender Lochung zu ersetzen.Due to different demands on the wood chips different screen baskets are used, which differ primarily by the hole size. During operation of a wood chipper, it is thus generally required regularly to remove the respective strainer basket from the machine and to replace it with another strainer basket with deviating perforation.

Zu diesem Zweck besitzen die aus dem Stand der Technik bekannten Holzhackmaschinen Öffnungen über oder hinter der Hacktrommel, durch die der Siebkorb entnommen werden kann und die während des Betriebes verschlossen sind. In der Regel ist für die Entnahme des Siebkorbes eine bestimmte Entnahmeposition vorgesehen, die sich von der eigentlichen Sortier- oder Arbeitsposition des Siebkorbes unterscheidet. Durch die insbesondere bei größeren Holzhackmaschinen nicht unerhebliche Größe der Siebkörbe und das damit verbundene Eigengewicht werden zu Entnahme in der Regel die an der Holzhackmaschine vorhandenen Hebezeuge, die während des Betriebes zur Zuführung des zu zerkleinernden Holzmaterials dienen, verwendet.For this purpose, known from the prior art wood chippers have openings above or behind the chopper drum, through which the screen basket can be removed and which are closed during operation. As a rule, a specific removal position is provided for the removal of the screen basket, which differs from the actual sorting or working position of the screen basket. By not insignificant especially in larger wood chippers size of the screen baskets and the associated weight to removal usually present at the wood chipper hoists that are used during operation for supplying the wood material to be shredded used.

Das Verfahren des Siebkorb aus seiner Arbeitsposition in die Entnahmeposition wird üblicherweise dadurch realisiert, dass der Siebkorb in durchgehenden seitlichen Führungen am Maschinenrahmen der Hackmaschine in einer Zwangsführungsvorrichtung verschiebbar gehalten ist. Die Ausgestaltung der Zwangsführungsvorrichtung beispielsweise als durchgängige Laufschienen führt in der Praxis durch die Tatsache, dass sich sehr kleines Hackmaterial zwischen Siebkorbaußenwandung und Führungsinnenwandung festsetzt, oftmals zu einem Verklemmen des Siebkorbes innerhalb der Holzhackmaschine. Die Wiederherstellung der Beweglichkeit des Siebkorbes zur Verschiebung in die Entnahmeposition erfordert dann regelmäßig einen nicht unerheblichen besonderen Zeitund Kraftaufwand, wobei Beschädigungen des Siebkorbes nicht auszuschließen sind.The method of the strainer basket from its working position to the removal position is usually realized by the strainer basket being held displaceably in continuous guidance on the machine frame of the chipping machine in continuous guidance devices. The design of the positive guide device, for example, as continuous rails leads in practice by the fact that very small Hackmaterial sets between Siebkorbaußenwandung and inner guide wall, often to jamming of the screen basket inside the wood chipper. The restoration of the mobility of the screen basket for displacement in the removal position then regularly requires a considerable amount of time and effort, with damage to the screen basket can not be excluded.

In der Praxis hat sich darüber hinaus die Notwendigkeit gezeigt, den Siebkorb während des Betriebes kurzzeitig in seiner Position zu verändern, wenn die Holzhackmaschine beispielsweise durch sehr nasses, verschmutztes Einlaufmaterial zu verstopfen droht.In practice, moreover, the need has been shown to change the screen basket during operation briefly in its position when the wood chipper For example, by very wet, polluted inlet material threatens to clog.

Um den Siebkorb aus seiner Arbeitsposition in die Entnahmeposition zu bewegen, haben sich in der Praxis unterschiedliche Antriebssysteme, insbesondere bei größeren Siebkorbabmessungen etabliert.In order to move the strainer basket from its working position into the removal position, different drive systems have become established in practice, especially with larger strainer basket dimensions.

Bekannt sind beispielsweise Antriebssysteme, die allerdings nur bei Stillstand der Holzhackmaschine betrieben werden können. Die Siebkörbe werden dabei beispielsweise mit Hilfe von Verbindungsstangen mit den Klappen der Montageöffnung zur Entnahme des Siebkorbes verbunden. Wird die Montageklappe nach Anbau der Verbindungsstangen mit Hilfe von Hydraulikzylindern geöffnet, so ziehen die Verbindungsstangen den Siebkorb zwangsläufig aus der Holzhackmaschine heraus.For example, drive systems are known which, however, can only be operated when the wood chipper is at a standstill. The screen baskets are connected, for example, by means of connecting rods with the flaps of the mounting opening for removing the screen basket. If the mounting flap is opened after attaching the connecting rods by means of hydraulic cylinders, the connecting rods will inevitably pull the strainer basket out of the wood chipper.

In der EP 2 058 097 A2 ist eine Vorrichtung zum Sortieren von Hackschnitzeln mit den gattungsbildenden Merkmalen der Erfindung veröffentlicht. Die dort gezeigte Antriebseinheit ist so ausgebildet, dass sie mindestens eine an der der Hacktrommel abgewandten Aussenseite des Siebkorbes angeordnete Lochreihe aufweist, welche für die Verschiebebewegung des Siebkorbes mit einem durch einen Antriebsmotor angetriebenen Zahnrad in Eingriff steht.In the EP 2 058 097 A2 a device for sorting wood chips with the generic features of the invention is published. The drive unit shown there is designed so that it has at least one arranged on the outside of the chopper drum outside of the screen basket row of holes, which is engaged for the sliding movement of the screen basket with a driven by a drive motor gear.

Die augenblicklich bekannten Siebkorbhaltekonstruktionen besitzen darüber hinaus den Nachteil, dass die Siebkörbe in ihrer Arbeitsposition an Maschinenbauteilen mechanisch festgelegt sind. Für einen Siebkorbwechsel ist es daher neben der Verschiebung des Siebkorbes aus seiner Arbeitsposition in die Entnahmeposition notwendig, weitere Montagearbeiten zum Lösen des Siebkorbes beispielsweise von einem Gestellrahmen vorzunehmen. Da das Wechseln des Siebkorbes oftmals vor Ort während des Betriebes auf einer Einsatzstelle erfolgt, hat sich der Kundenwunsch ergeben, den Siebkorbwechsel ohne Werkzeug durchführen zu können. Hier ist aus dem Stand der Technik bislang keine Lösung bekannt.The presently known Siebkorbhaltekonstruktionen also have the disadvantage that the screen baskets are mechanically fixed in their working position on machine components. For a Siebkorbwechsel it is therefore necessary in addition to the displacement of the screen basket from its working position into the removal position to perform further assembly work to loosen the screen basket, for example, from a frame. Since changing the screen basket often takes place on site during operation on a job site, the customer has requested to be able to perform the screen basket change without tools. Here, no solution is known from the prior art so far.

Aufgabe der ErfindungObject of the invention

Ausgehend von den aus dem Stand der Technik bekannten Nachteilen unterschiedlicher Vorrichtungen zum Sortieren von Hackschnitzeln in einer Holzhackmaschine besteht die Aufgabe der Erfindung darin, eine gattungsgemäße Vorrichtung derart weiterzubilden, dass der Austausch eines Siebkorbes in möglichst einfacher Art und Weise erfolgen kann. Dies sieht die Vermeidung von Einsatzwerkzeug sowie die zuverlässige Beweglichkeit des Siebkorbes unter allen Einsatzbedingungen vor. Mit der Erfindung soll auch der Tatsache Rechnung getragen werden, dass das zerkleinerte Material sowohl im eigentlichen Zerkleinerungsraum als auch an der der Hacktrommel abgewandten Außenseite des Siebkorbes beispielsweise durch Feuchtigkeit zu Verstopfungen führt. Derartige Verstopfungen müssten mühsam von Hand bei stillgesetzter Anlage beseitigt werden.Based on the known from the prior art disadvantages of different devices for sorting wood chips in a wood chipper, the object of the invention is to develop a generic device such that the replacement of a screen basket can be done in the simplest possible way. This provides for the avoidance of insert tools as well as the reliable mobility of the screen basket under all operating conditions. With the invention, the fact should also be taken into account that the comminuted material leads to blockages, for example due to moisture, both in the actual comminuting space and on the outside of the screen basket facing away from the chopping drum. Such blockages would have to be laboriously removed by hand when the system is shut down.

Lösung der AufgabeSolution of the task

Die Beseitigung der aus dem Stand der Technik bekannten Nachteile wird erfindungsgemäß ausgehend von einer gattungsgemäßen Vorrichtung zum Sortieren von Hackschnitzeln in einer Holzhackmaschine mit den Merkmalen des Gattungsbegriffes des Anspruches 1 durch die Kombination mit der im kennzeichnenden Teil offenbarten technischen Lehre gelöst.The elimination of the known from the prior art disadvantages is achieved on the basis of a generic device for sorting wood chips in a wood chipper with the features of the preamble of claim 1 by the combination with the technical teaching disclosed in the characterizing part.

Erfindungswesentlich dabei ist es, dass die Antriebseinheit mindestens eine an der der Hacktrommel abgewandten Außenseite des Siebkorbes nach außen vorstehende Zahnstange aufweist, welche für die Verschiebebewegung des Siebkorbes mit einem durch einen Antriebsmotor angetriebenen Schneckenrad in Eingriff steht und das Schneckenrad und der Antriebsmotor an einer beweglichen Abdeckung 8 der Hacktrommel 1 festgelegt sind.It is essential to the invention that the drive unit has at least one toothed rack projecting outwardly from the outside of the screen drum, which meshes with a worm gear driven by a drive motor for moving the screen basket, and the worm wheel and drive motor on a movable cover 8 of the chopper drum 1 are fixed.

Die Ausgestaltung der Antriebseinheit mittels einer Schneckenzahnstangenkombination vermeidet eine Blockierung des Antriebes, da selbst für den Fall, dass ein Holzspan sich in der Verzahnung der Zahnstange festsetzen sollte, dieser bei der Rotation der Schnecke während der Bewegung des Siebkorbes sofort aus der Verzahnung entfernt wird. Das Schneckenrad reinigt somit durch die Eigenrotation die Verzahnung der Zahnstange regelmäßig und selbsttätig.The design of the drive unit by means of a worm gear combination avoids a blockage of the drive, since even in the event that a wood chip should settle in the toothing of the rack, it is immediately removed during the rotation of the screw during the movement of the screen basket from the teeth. The worm wheel thus cleans the teeth of the rack regularly and automatically by the self-rotation.

Darüberhinaus gewährleistet die geschilderte konstruktive Gestaltung, dass zum Abschluss des Siebkorbwechsels infolge des Schließens der Abdeckung der Hacktrommel das Schneckenrad der Antriebseinheit automatisch mit der am Siebkorb außen vorstehenden Zahnstange in Eingriff kommt. Der Siebkorb kann somit jederzeit bei geschlossener Abdeckung durch die Antriebseinheit bewegt werden. Gleichzeitig ist sichergestellt, dass vor Entnahme des Siebkorbes keine gesonderten Montagearbeiten zur Entfernung oder Verschwenkung des Siebkorbantriebes notwendig sind. Vielmehr bewirkt ein Öffnen der beweglichen Abdeckung automatisch ein Ausfahren des Schneckenrades aus der Zahnstange, so dass der Siebkorb in der Entnahmeöffnung der Holzhackmaschine ungehindert zugänglich ist und mit den an der Holzhackmaschine vorhandenen Hebemittel problemlos entnommen werden kann.In addition, the described structural design ensures that the completion of Siebkorbwechsels due to the closing of the cover of the chopper drum, the worm wheel of the drive unit automatically comes with the outside of the screen basket protruding rack engages. The screen basket can thus be moved at any time with the cover closed by the drive unit. At the same time it is ensured that no separate installation work to remove or pivoting of Siebkorbantriebes are necessary before removing the screen basket. Rather, opening the movable cover automatically causes the worm wheel to extend out of the rack so that the strainer basket is freely accessible in the removal opening of the wood chipper and can be easily removed with the lifting means provided on the wood chipper.

Besondere Ausgestaltungen des Gegenstandes der Erfindung ergeben sich in Zusammenschau mit der technischen Lehre des Anspruches 1 zusätzlich aus den Merkmalen der auf den Hauptanspruch rückbezogenen Unteransprüche.Particular embodiments of the subject of the invention will become apparent in conjunction with the technical teaching of claim 1 in addition to the features of the back to the main claim dependent claims.

Es hat sich insbesondere als zweckmäßig erwiesen, Schneckenrad und Zahnstange selbsthemmend auszugestalten, wobei der Antriebsmotor vorzugsweise als Hydraulikbaueinheit ausgebildet ist. Das selbsthemmende Schneckenrad gewährleistet, dass bei geschlossenem Maschinendeckel der Siebkorb in jeder Position durch den Schneckenantrieb gehalten wird und nicht etwa aus seiner Entnahmeposition entlang des Umfanges der Hacktrommel automatisch nach unten rutscht. Die Hydraulikbaueinheit ist aufgrund der Tatsache, dass die gesamte Holzhackmaschine in aller Regel über eine Zentralhydraulik verfügt, besonders unter herstellungstechnischen und preislichen Gesichtspunkten vorteilhaft.It has proven particularly expedient to design worm wheel and rack self-locking, wherein the drive motor is preferably designed as a hydraulic unit. The self-locking worm wheel ensures that when the machine lid is closed, the strainer basket is held in any position by the worm drive and does not automatically slide down from its removal position along the circumference of the chipping drum. The hydraulic unit is due to the fact that the entire wood chipper usually has a central hydraulics, especially under manufacturing technology and price point advantageous.

Als zusätzlich zweckmäßig hat es sich darüber hinaus erwiesen, die Zwangsführungsvorrichtung für den Siebkorb so auszugestalten, dass sie aus einer Mehrzahl von tangential auf zwei unterschiedlichen Umfangsebenen um die Hacktrommel angeordneten Führungsbolzen besteht, die die Seitenwandungen des Siebkorbes zwischen sich aufnehmen. Die im Gegensatz zu aus dem Stand der Technik bekannten Lösungen einer durchgehenden Führung neuartige Gestaltung gewährleistet, dass sich verkleinertes Holzhackmaterial an den Führungsbolzen nicht ablagern kann. Ein Festsitzen des Siebkorbes mit der Zwangsführungsvorrichtung ist somit ausgeschlossen. Gleichzeitig ist durch die Anordnung der einzelnen Führungsbolzen eine einfache, flexible und vor allem preisgünstige Zwangsführungsvorrichtung realisierbar.In addition, it has proven to be additionally expedient to design the positive guide device for the strainer basket in such a way that it consists of a plurality of guide bolts arranged tangentially on two different circumferential planes around the chipping drum, which support the side walls of the Sieve basket between them. In contrast to known from the prior art solutions of a continuous guide new design ensures that downsized wood chopping material can not be deposited on the guide pin. A seizing of the screen basket with the positive guidance device is thus excluded. At the same time a simple, flexible and above all inexpensive positive drive device can be realized by the arrangement of the individual guide pins.

Als zusätzlich vorteilhaft hat es sich erwiesen, wenn die Seitenwandungen des Siebkorbes in der Entnahmeposition für den Siebkorb aus der Holzhackmaschine auf eine Auflagevorrichtung gelagert sind. Die Auflagevorrichtung ist vorzugsweise oberhalb der Hacktrommel angeordnet und erleichtert die Entnahme des Siebkorbes. In geschlossenem Zustand der Abdeckung der Hacktrommel ist der Siebkorb an seiner Oberseite durch den Deckel geführt, während er an der Unterseite auf der Auflagevorrichtung in Form seitlicher Konsolen gehalten ist.As an additional advantage, it has been found that the side walls of the screen basket are stored in the removal position for the screen basket from the wood chipper on a support device. The support device is preferably arranged above the chopper drum and facilitates the removal of the screen basket. In the closed state of the cover of the chopper drum of the screen basket is guided at its top by the lid, while it is held at the bottom of the support device in the form of side brackets.

Figurenbeschreibungfigure description

Im Folgenden wird ein Ausführungsbeispiel des Gegenstandes der Erfindung anhand der beigefügten Zeichnungen näher erläutert. Es zeigt:

Figur 1
eine perspektivische Darstellung der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung als Teilelement einer Holzhackmaschine mit dem Siebkorb in Arbeitsstellung,
Figur 2
die perspektivische Darstellung aus Figur 1 mit dem Siebkorb in einer Zwischenstellung zwischen der Arbeitsposition und einer Entnahmeposition
Figur 3
die perspektivische Darstellung der Vorrichtung aus Figur 1 und 2 mit dem Siebkorb in Entnahmeposition,
Figur 4
die perspektivische Darstellung der Vorrichtung aus den Figuren 1 bis 3 mit dem Siebkorb in Entnahmeposition bei geöffneter Abdeckung,
Figur 5
eine Teildarstellung des Siebkorbes mit daran angeordneter Antriebsvorrichtung und
Figur 6
eine vergrößerte perspektivische Darstellung eines Teilbereiches des Siebkorbes, eingebaut in das Maschinengestell einer zugehörigen Holzhackmaschine.
In the following an embodiment of the subject invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It shows:
FIG. 1
a perspective view of the device according to the invention as a sub-element of a wood chipper with the screen basket in working position,
FIG. 2
the perspective view FIG. 1 with the strainer in an intermediate position between the working position and a removal position
FIG. 3
the perspective view of the device FIG. 1 and 2 with the strainer basket in removal position,
FIG. 4
the perspective view of the device from the FIGS. 1 to 3 with the strainer basket in removal position with the cover open,
FIG. 5
a partial view of the strainer with arranged thereon drive device and
FIG. 6
an enlarged perspective view of a portion of the screen basket, installed in the machine frame of an associated wood chipper.

Die in der Figur 1 dargestellte erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung ist Teil einer Holzhackmaschine. Die Holzhackmaschine besteht im Wesentlichen aus einer Zuführvorrichtung 12, mit deren Hilfe zu zerkleinerndes Holzmaterial einer zentralen Hacktrommel 1 zugeführt wird. Die Hacktrommel 1 besitzt an ihrem Umfang eine Mehrzahl von Hackmessern und zerkleinert das zugeführte Stammholz oder den Grünschnitt im Zusammenspiel mit einem Gegenschneidwerkzeug 13.The in the FIG. 1 illustrated device of the invention is part of a wood chipper. The wood chipper essentially consists of a feed device 12, with the aid of which wood material to be comminuted is fed to a central chopper drum 1. The chopper drum 1 has at its periphery a Plurality of chopping knives and crushes the supplied logs or the green section in conjunction with a counter-cutting tool 13th

Die Hacktrommel 1 der Holzhackmaschine erzeugt somit Hackspäne, die eine gewisse Länge aufweisen. Die Schnittlänge der Hackspäne hängt von verschiedenen Betriebsfaktoren ab. So ergibt sich die Schnittlänge einerseits durch die eingestellte Vorschubgeschwindigkeit der Zuführvorrichtung und andererseits aus der Frequenz des Passierens der Hackmesser entlang des Einzugsquerschnittes. Darüber hinaus hängt die Länge der Hackspäne auch vom Messervorstand der an der Hacktrommel vorhandenen Hackmesser ab.The chopper drum 1 of the wood chipper thus produces chips that have a certain length. The cutting length of wood chips depends on various operating factors. Thus, the cutting length results on the one hand by the set feed speed of the feeder and on the other hand from the frequency of passing the chopping knives along the intake cross-section. In addition, the length of the wood chips also depends on the Messervorstand existing on the chopping drum cleaver.

Die von der Hacktrommel 1 erzeugten Hackspäne weisen nicht eine bestimmte einheitliche Spanlänge aus, sondern unterliegen naturgemäß einer Größenverteilung. Zum Sortieren der Hackschnitzel dahingehend, dass Hackschnitzel, die über einer bestimmten Länge liegen, nicht aus der Holzhackmaschine transportiert werden, wird ein Siebkorb 2 eingesetzt. Die Öffnungen im Siebkorb 2 lassen diejenigen Hackschnitzel, welche eine vorbestimmte maximale Länge aufweisen, durch den Siebkorb 2 hindurchtreten und werden dann von nachgeschalteten Transportorganen wie beispielsweise einer Schneckentransportvorrichtung 14 und ergänzender Gebläse aus der Holzhackmaschine herausbefördert.The wood chips generated by the chipping drum 1 do not have a certain uniform chip length, but are naturally subject to a size distribution. For sorting the chips to the effect that wood chips that are over a certain length, are not transported from the wood chipper, a screen basket 2 is used. The openings in the screen basket 2 let those chips, which have a predetermined maximum length, pass through the screen basket 2 and are then transported out of the wood chipper by downstream transport members such as a screw conveyor 14 and additional blower.

Der in der Figur 1 dargestellte Siebkorb 2 befindet sich dort in der Arbeitsposition im unteren Bereich der Holzhacktrommel 1 über der Schneckentransportvorrichtung 14. Da in der Praxis Siebkörbe 2 unterschiedlicher Lochung eingesetzt werden, ist es notwendig, bei Bedarf den jeweiligen Siebkorb 2 aus der Holzhackmaschine zu entnehmen. Zu diesem Zweck wird der Siebkorb 2 mittels einer Antriebseinheit 3 aus seiner in der Figur 1 dargestellten unteren Arbeitsposition tangential am Umfang der Hacktrommel 1 entlang in eine Entnahmeposition gefahren. In der Position 2 ist eine Zwischenstellung des Siebkorbes zur Verdeutlichung des Verfahrweges dargestellt.The Indian FIG. 1 shown sieve basket 2 is there in the working position in the lower part of the wood chopper drum 1 on the screw conveyor 14. Since in practice screen baskets 2 different perforation are used, it is necessary to remove the respective screen basket 2 from the wood chipper as needed. For this purpose, the screen basket 2 by means of a drive unit 3 from his in the FIG. 1 shown lower working position moved tangentially on the circumference of the chopper drum 1 along in a removal position. In position 2, an intermediate position of the screen basket to illustrate the travel is shown.

Der Siebkorb 2 ist während des gesamten Verfahrweges kontinuierlich durch eine Zwangsführungsvorrichtung 4 beweglich gehalten. Die Zwangsführungsvorrichtung 4 besteht im unteren Bereich der Arbeitsposition des Siebkorbes 2 bis zu seiner Entnahmeposition aus einer Mehrzahl von tangential auf zwei unterschiedlichen Umfangsebenen um die Hacktrommel 1 angeordneten Führungsbolzen 9. Die Führungsbolzen 9 sind so beabstandet, dass sie jeweils eine Seitenwandung 10 des Siebkorbes 2 zwischen sich aufnehmen.The screen basket 2 is continuously held by a positive guide device 4 during the entire travel path. The positive drive device 4 is in the lower region of the working position of the screen basket 2 to to its removal position from a plurality of tangentially arranged on two different circumferential planes around the chipper drum 1 guide pin 9. The guide pins 9 are spaced so that they each receive a side wall 10 of the screen basket 2 between them.

Die Anordnung der Führungsbolzen 9 ist zur Verdeutlichung zusätzlich in der Figur 6 dargestellt. Die Führungsbolzen 9 sind an jeweils einer der sich gegenüberliegenden Maschinengestellwandungen 15 festgelegt und stehen an den jeweils zueinander gewandten Innenseiten der Maschinengestellwandungen 15 soweit vor, dass die Seitenwandung 10 des Siebkorbes 2 problemlos auf ihnen abrollen kann.The arrangement of the guide pin 9 is for clarity in addition in the FIG. 6 shown. The guide pins 9 are fixed to each one of the opposite Maschinengestellwandungen 15 and stand at the mutually facing inner sides of the Maschinengestellwandungen 15 before so far that the side wall 10 of the screen basket 2 can easily roll on them.

Gegebenenfalls lassen sich die Führungsbolzen 9 in Form eines Kugellagerbolzens gestalten, so dass die Seitenwandungen 10 des Siebkorbes 2 auf den jeweiligen Außenringen eines Kugellagers ablaufen. Eine derartige Ausgestaltung verringert wesentlich die Reibung zwischen den zusammenwirkenden Bauteilen und setzt naturgemäß die notwendige Leistung der Antriebseinheit 3 nicht unwesentlich herab.Optionally, the guide pin 9 can be designed in the form of a ball bearing bolt, so that the side walls 10 of the screen basket 2 run on the respective outer rings of a ball bearing. Such a configuration substantially reduces the friction between the cooperating components and naturally does not negligible reduce the necessary power of the drive unit 3.

Im oberen Bereich der Hacktrommel 1, in der sich die Entnahmeposition für den Siebkorb 2 befindet, wird dieser von einer Auflagevorrichtung 11 gehalten. Die Auflagevorrichtung 11 besteht aus an den Maschinengestellwandungen 15 angeordneten Blechauflagen, auf deren Außenseiten die jeweilige Seitenwandung 10 des Siebkorbes 2 aufgeschoben wird.In the upper region of the chopper drum 1, in which the removal position for the screen basket 2 is located, this is held by a support device 11. The support device 11 consists of arranged on the machine frame walls 15 sheet metal supports, on the outer sides of the respective side wall 10 of the screen basket 2 is pushed.

Die Bewegung des Siebkorbes 2 von seiner Arbeitsposition zu seiner Entnahmeposition erfolgt mittels der Antriebseinheit 3. Die Antriebseinheit 3 weist erfindungsgemäß als wesentliche Elemente eine Zahnstange 5 auf, die an der der Hacktrommel 1 abgewandten Außenseite des Siebkorbes 2 mittig angeordnet ist. Die Zahnstange 5 folgt dabei der Außenkontur des Siebkorbes 2 und ist somit entsprechend gerundet.The movement of the screen basket 2 from its working position to its removal position by means of the drive unit 3. The drive unit 3 according to the invention as essential elements a rack 5, which is arranged centrally on the outside of the chopper drum 1 outside of the screen basket 2. The rack 5 follows the outer contour of the screen basket 2 and is thus rounded accordingly.

Zur Antriebseinheit 3 gehört darüber hinaus ein Schneckenrad 6, welches in den Zähnen der Zahnstange 5 kämmt. Das Zusammenwirken von Zahnstange 5 und Schneckenrad 6 ist insbesondere der Figur 5 gut zu entnehmen. Das Schneckenrad 6 wird von einem Antriebsmotor 7 bewegt, der vorzugsweise als Hydraulikbaueinheit ausgebildet sein kann.To drive unit 3 also includes a worm wheel 6, which meshes in the teeth of the rack 5. The interaction of rack 5 and Worm wheel 6 is in particular the FIG. 5 good to take. The worm wheel 6 is moved by a drive motor 7, which may preferably be designed as a hydraulic unit.

Die zur Antriebseinheit 3 gehörenden Bauelemente Schneckenrad 6 und Antriebsmotor 7 sind erfindungsgemäß an einer Abdeckung 8 befestigt. Die Abdeckung 8 dient dazu, während des Betriebes der Holzhackmaschine die obere Öffnung 16, durch die der Siebkorb 2 nach oben entnehmbar ist, zu verschließen. Die besondere konstruktive Gestaltung der Antriebseinheit 3 mit der Befestigung von Schneckenrad 6 und Antriebsmotor 7 an der Abdeckung 8 dient dazu, eine automatische Entkoppelung vom Schneckenrad 6 mit der Zahnstange 5 herbeizuführen, sobald die Abdeckung 8 angehoben wird. Im Umkehrschluss bewirkt die Konstruktion naturgemäß eine automatische Koppelung der miteinander kämmenden Bauteile bei geschlossener Abdeckung. Dadurch ist sichergestellt, dass bei geschlossener Abdeckung der Siebkorb 2 zwischen seiner Entnahmeposition und seiner Arbeitsposition durch die Antriebseinheit 3 bewegt werden kann.Belonging to the drive unit 3 components worm wheel 6 and drive motor 7 are according to the invention attached to a cover 8. The cover 8 serves to close the upper opening 16 through which the strainer basket 2 can be removed upwards during operation of the wood chipper machine. The special structural design of the drive unit 3 with the attachment of worm 6 and drive motor 7 to the cover 8 serves to bring about an automatic decoupling of the worm wheel 6 with the rack 5, as soon as the cover 8 is raised. Conversely, the construction naturally causes an automatic coupling of the intermeshing components with the cover closed. This ensures that when the cover is closed, the screen basket 2 can be moved between its removal position and its working position by the drive unit 3.

Als zusätzlicher Vorteil der erfindungsgemäßen Gestaltung ist anzusehen, dass der Siebkorb 2 in seiner Entnahmeposition oberhalb der Hacktrommel 1 in der Öffnung 16 frei zugänglich ist und mit entsprechenden Hebezeugen problemlos aus der Holzhackmaschine entfernt werden kann, da der Antriebsmotor 7 zusammen mit dem Schneckenrad 6 aus dem Arbeitsbereich automatisch entfernt ist Zusätzliche Montagearbeiten zur Vorbereitung der Entnahme des Siebkorbes 2 entfallen somit vollständig.An additional advantage of the design according to the invention is to be considered that the screen basket 2 is freely accessible in its removal position above the chipping drum 1 in the opening 16 and can be easily removed with appropriate hoists from the wood chipper, since the drive motor 7 together with the worm wheel 6 from the Working area is automatically removed Additional assembly work to prepare for the removal of the screen basket 2 is thus completely eliminated.

Entsprechend einer vorteilhaften Weiterbildung ist das Schneckenrad 6 selbsthemmend ausgeführt, so dass jederzeit eine Haltefunktion für den Siebkorb 2 gegeben ist.According to an advantageous development, the worm wheel 6 is self-locking, so that at any time a holding function for the screen basket 2 is given.

Durch die Tatsache, dass die Antriebseinheit 3 hinter dem Siebkorb 2 montiert ist, kommt der Antrieb nur sehr wenig mit den produzierten Hackschnitzeln in Berührung, so dass eventuelle Transport- und Verstopfungsprobleme minimiert werden. Sollte sich wider Erwarten ein Holzspan zwischen zwei Zähnen der Zahnstange 5 setzen, so wird er bei Rotation der Schnecke unmittelbar wieder aus der Verzahnung entfernt. Eine Blockade des Antriebs ist somit ausgeschlossen, da die Schnecke des Schneckenrades 6 die Verzahnung der Zahnstange 5 durch ihre Eigenrotation fortwährend reinigt.Due to the fact that the drive unit 3 is mounted behind the screen basket 2, the drive comes very little with the produced wood chips in contact, so that any transport and clogging problems are minimized. If, contrary to expectations, a wood chip between two teeth of the rack 5 set, he will immediately turn back from the teeth during rotation of the screw away. A blockage of the drive is thus excluded because the worm of the worm wheel 6 continuously cleans the toothing of the rack 5 by its own rotation.

Bezugszeichenliste:LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

11
HacktrommelChipper drum
22
Siebkorbstrainer
33
Antriebseinheitdrive unit
44
ZwangsführungsvorrichtungUrging means
55
Zahnstangerack
66
Schneckenradworm
77
Antriebsmotordrive motor
88th
Abdeckungcover
99
Führungsbolzenguide pins
1010
Seitenwandungsidewall
1111
Auflagevorrichtungsupport device
1212
Zuführvorrichtungfeeder
1313
GegenschneidwerkzeugAgainst cutting tool
1414
SchneckentransportvorrichtungScrew transport device
1515
MaschinengestellwandungMaschinengestellwandung
1616
Öffnungopening

Claims (5)

  1. Device for sorting woodchips in a wood-chipping machine, said device having:
    - a screening basket 2 which is arranged on the outer periphery of a chipping drum 1 of the wood-chipping machine so as to be displaceable along the said outer periphery;
    - a driving unit 3 for generating a displacing movement of the screening basket 2; and
    - a positive-guidance device 4 for the displacing movement of the screening basket 2,
    characterised in that
    the driving unit 3 has at least one toothed rack 5 which projects outwards on that outer side of the screening basket 2 which faces away from the chipping drum 1, which toothed rack is in engagement, for the displacing movement of the screening basket 2, with a worm gear 6 which is driven by a driving motor 7, and said worm gear 6 and said driving motor 7 are fixed to a movable cover 8 of the chipping drum 1.
  2. Device according to Claim 1,
    characterised in that
    the worm gear 6 and toothed rack 5 are configured in a self-locking manner.
  3. Device according to Claim 1 or 2,
    characterised in that
    the driving motor 7 is constructed as a hydraulic structural unit.
  4. Device according to one of Claims 1 to 3,
    characterised in that
    the positive-guidance device 4 for the screening basket 2 consists of a plurality of guide bolts 9 which are arranged tangentially on two peripheral planes around the chipping drum 1 and receive the side walls 10 of the screening basket 2 between them.
  5. Device according to Claim 4,
    characterised in that,
    in a position for the removal of the screening basket 2 from the wood-chipping machine, the side walls 10 of said screening basket 2 are mounted on a supporting device 11.
EP13004466.2A 2012-09-13 2013-09-13 Device for screening wood chips Not-in-force EP2708340B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE201210018074 DE102012018074A1 (en) 2012-09-13 2012-09-13 Device for sorting wood chips

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EP2708340A1 EP2708340A1 (en) 2014-03-19
EP2708340B1 true EP2708340B1 (en) 2015-07-29

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ID=49231230

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
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DE (1) DE102012018074A1 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108405111A (en) * 2018-01-17 2018-08-17 李玉杰 A kind of wood blanking process equipment and processing method

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT522947B1 (en) 2019-09-04 2022-10-15 Eschlboeck Maschb Gesellschaft M B H wood chipper
CN114733601B (en) * 2022-03-25 2023-03-03 河南省中医药研究院 Traditional Chinese medicine nursing and crushing device and method for hypertension treatment

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US818725A (en) * 1905-08-24 1906-04-24 Williams Patent Crusher & Pulv Dumping-cage for crushers and pulverizers.
DE2140026A1 (en) * 1971-08-10 1973-02-22 Polysius Ag HAMMER CRUSHER
FI95109C (en) * 1994-06-10 1995-12-27 Pekka Lahti Drum chipper Order
DE19920884C1 (en) * 1999-05-06 2000-04-13 Maier Zerkleinerungstech Gmbh Impact cutter for comminuting chippings has rotor with alternating grill and hammer sections around periphery
EP2047911A1 (en) * 2007-10-11 2009-04-15 PC Maskiner ApS Wood chipping machine with peripheral sieving and disintegration device
RU2478434C2 (en) * 2007-11-08 2013-04-10 Динамик Мэньюфэкчуринг, ЭлЭлСи Grinder self-contained assembly for grinding and screening
DE202007015635U1 (en) * 2007-11-09 2009-03-26 Komptech Gmbh Hoe

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108405111A (en) * 2018-01-17 2018-08-17 李玉杰 A kind of wood blanking process equipment and processing method
CN108405111B (en) * 2018-01-17 2021-11-23 李玉杰 Wood blanking processing equipment and processing method

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