EP1334771B1 - Document shredder - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a document shredder of large design, which is used for the shredding of large quantities as well as large-volume data carrier material, such as paper stacks, cardboard boxes, file folders, file bundles and the like materials.
From the state of the art, so-called large shredders are known in which the material to be crushed is squeezed by relatively blunt cutting tools and large kerf and thus torn and not chopped. A major disadvantage of these known shredders is their relatively low efficiency.

Such a device is off US3921920 known.

Therefore, the object of the invention is to provide a document shredder, with the large-sized and / or large-volume said data carrier material with a high efficiency, ie with an hourly output greater than 2,000 kg, can be crushed, with the shredded material at least equivalent to security level 3.

The above object is achieved by a document shredder with the features of claim 1; the subordinate claims 2 to 13 disclose developments and advantageous embodiment variants of the new document shredder.

The crux of the invention consists, on the one hand, in that at least two superposed comminuting units (cutting units) are provided, in particular a first, a second and a third cutting unit. Each cutting unit has a separate housing, which are arranged in a frame / frame such that, depending on the task, so the material type of the raw material to be shredded, at least the second or the third cutting unit can be selectively replaced or removed against a cutting unit of other power. In addition, the superimposed cutting units are provided so that the Schnittgutaustritt the respective upper cutting unit is also Schnittguteintritt for the respective lower cutting unit. At least the upper crushing unit has two superposed pairs of work rolls.

In particular, it is provided that the upper pair

Work rolls Feed rolls and the lower pair of work rolls Cutting rolls are.

In a further specific embodiment, it is provided that the lower pair of work rolls, that is, the cutting rollers arranged parallel to one another, are arranged such that the cutting disks of these work rolls mesh at least in sections. The work rolls of the upper pair are not meshed with each other and arranged so that the imaginary outer peripheral line of each feed knife of these feed rollers at a small distance from the imaginary perimeter of the partially interrupted peripheral surface of Cutting discs of the respective associated cutting roller is positioned.

Other design features are that the cutting rollers are made of one piece of solid steel, so they are robust and resistant to bending. Preferably, these cutting rollers are made of wear-resistant chrome-nickel steel, wherein the cutting edges of the cutting discs of these cutting rollers are hardened.
The cutting discs of these cutting rollers are also provided with a special geometry, which will be described in more detail in the following description parts.

Of further significant importance for the performance of this document shredder is also that in the shredding units of the shredder, which are equipped with four work rolls, the substantially stacked work rolls, ie each a cutting roller and a feed roller, a common scraper is assigned. The scraper can be assembled in one piece or from individual parts. The tine-like projections of the scrapers engage in the spaces between the cutting discs of the cutting roller and the spaces between the feed of the feed roller and engage, preferably in the form of a half shell, to the respective core diameter of these work rolls.
In a further special embodiment, it is provided that the end regions of the wiper tines resting against the relevant core diameter are formed at an acute angle.
The arranged on the left and on the right side of the first, the top cutting through scrapers are responsible for the cleaning of the feed roller and the cutting rollers. Because a common scraper / Abstreiferkamm is associated with the lower right and the right upper work roll and the left lower and the left upper work roll of the cutting unit, it is avoided that clippings are repeatedly pulled through the cutting unit. As a result, another performance-reducing factor has been eliminated.

The arrangement of the intermeshing cutting rollers and on the latter, laterally disposed, arranged feed rollers together with the respective two work rolls associated scrapers is maintained so that in the relevant cutting even a V-shaped upwardly opening feed funnel is formed.

The feed rollers cause the comminuted material slipping toward the cutting rollers to be kept in motion and thus no bridge formation in the comminuted material to be fed arises. A material bridge would interfere with an automatic slipping of the material to be crushed to the cutting rollers, at least temporarily, which adversely affects the efficiency of a shredder, thus acting against the task.

Another design feature is that each of the left and the right working rolls of the cutting unit is assigned a drive. The drive is preferably designed as a chain drive. With this drive, the respective cutting roller is driven directly. By means of a pivotable bearing plate, each drive is spring mounted on the housing. The drive of the feed rollers takes place in each case via a further chain drive from the associated cutting roller.

Fig. 1

eine Seitenansicht des neuen Aktenvernichters, bei dem Verkleidungsteile des Gehäuses entfernt sind;

Fig. 2

eine perspektivische Ansicht zur Darstellung gemäß der Fig. 1;

Fig. 3

eine perspektivische Sicht von oben in ein neues Schneidwerk des Aktenvernichters nach Fig. 1 hinein;

Fig. 4

eine Draufsicht zur Darstellung gemäß der Fig. 3;

Fig. 5

das neue Schneidwerk in Seitenansicht und teilweisem Schnitt entlang der Linie "C-C" in Fig. 4;

Fig. 6

das neue Schneidwerk in Seitenansicht und teilweisem Schnitt entlang der Linie "B-B" in Fig. 4;

Fig. 7

das Detail "A" aus der Fig. 4; sowie

Fig. 8°

und

Fig. 8b

Detailansichten einer Schneidwalze des neuen Schneidwerkes.

The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to an embodiment schematically illustrated in the drawings. The show

Fig. 1

a side view of the new document shredder, are removed in the cowling parts of the housing;

Fig. 2

a perspective view for illustration according to the Fig. 1 ;

Fig. 3

a perspective view from above into a new cutting mechanism of the shredder Fig. 1 in;

Fig. 4

a plan view for illustration according to the Fig. 3 ;

Fig. 5

the new cutting mechanism in side view and partial cut along the line "CC" in Fig. 4 ;

Fig. 6

the new cutting unit in side view and partial cut along the line "BB" in Fig. 4 ;

Fig. 7

the detail "A" from the Fig. 4 ; such as

Fig. 8 °

and

Fig. 8b

Detail views of a cutting roller of the new cutting unit.

FIG. 1 and 2 show the new document shredder in a side view and a perspective view, with the panel parts of the shredder 1 are removed.

The possible embodiment of the new document shredder shown here comprises a first cutting unit 100, a second cutting unit 200 and a third cutting unit 300, which are arranged in a rack 2 in the order of listing from top to bottom. The frame 2 consists of four corner pillars 10, 11, 12 and 13, which are connected by means of longitudinal webs 9 and 8 and transverse webs 2.5 to 2.10 and form a frame.

On the transverse webs 2.5 and 2.8, 2.6 and 2.9 and 2.7 and 2.10 are arranged in pairs and spaced bars, which connect the transverse webs together and each form a guide, the upper guide 3.1, the second guide 3.2 and the third guide 3.3. According to this embodiment, the described exemplary embodiment is conceptually subdivided into an upper region 2.1, a second region 2.2, a third region 2.3 and a lower region 2.4. The planes in which the guides 3.1 to 3.3 are respectively arranged form the horizontally lying planes E 1, E 2 and E 3, these planes each lying in the border region between two adjacent regions.

In this embodiment, at least in the second guide 3.2 and the third guide 3.3 longitudinally slidable runners 6 and 7 are provided. These skids may be part of the guides or component of the housing of the respective cutting units 200 and 300. This embodiment has the advantage that, depending on the task, ie on the type of raw material to be shredded, at least the second cutting mechanism 200 or the third cutting mechanism 300 optional can be replaced or removed against a cutting unit of other power.

The respective transition region between the outlet opening 106 of the first cutting mechanism 100 and the overhead inlet opening of the second cutting mechanism 200 and the outlet opening of the second cutting mechanism 200 arranged at the bottom and the overhead inlet opening of the third cutting unit 300 is bridged by a first hopper 4 and a second hopper 5 and sealed off from the environment, so that shredded material can not easily fall sideways from the shredder.

The cutting performance of the first cutting unit 100, the second cutting unit 200 and the third cutting unit 300 are coordinated so that the respective lower arranged cutting unit on the one hand is not empty and on the other hand, the feed, formed from the respective hopper 4 and 5 and above the cutting rollers space in the respective cutting unit, is not clogged.

Based on the schematic representations in the Figures 3 . 4 and 5 First, the general structure of the first, the upper cutting unit 100 will be explained.
For mounting, storage and management of the components of the cutting a frame is provided. This consists of side parts 101 and 102 which are spaced from each other by front side members 103 and 104 are connected to each other. On the front side parts 103 and 104, a drive 110 or 111 is respectively arranged, with the interposition of a chain drive, the work rolls 120, 130, 140 and 150 are driven.

105 designates the upper inlet opening and 106 the downward outlet opening on this cutting unit 100.

The drive 110 is mounted on a bearing plate 107, wherein this bearing plate 107 is articulated on a tilting bearing 108. The tilting bearing 108 is provided sideways of the center of mass of the drive 110. Above the tilting bearing 108, an adjustable stop 109 is provided on the bearing plate 107, which is directed in the direction of the front side part 103 of the frame 101 and connected to selbigen 103. This adjustable stop 109 is used to drive the chain in the Fig. 4 indicated only by dotted line and with the drive wheel 110.1 of the drive 110 is connected to the mounted on the pin 112 driven sprocket of the left cutting roller 120 to give the necessary bias. The chain tension is essentially made by the "tilting bearing" of the drive.
Preferably, the adjustable stop 109 is also designed as a damping element, so that acting on the drive load peaks can be intercepted.

The drive for the second, right cutting roll 130 is similar to the previously described drive. This

Drive is designated by the reference numerals 111, 111.1, 113.

It is envisaged that this, the first cutting unit 100 comprises four work rolls, the cutting rolls 120 and 130 and the feed rolls 140 and 150. The two cutting rolls 120 and 130 are, lying parallel to each other, below the other two work rolls, the feed rolls 140 and 150 arranged.
Each of the two solid steel cutting rollers 120 and 130 has a plurality of spaced cutting discs 121 and 131, respectively.
The cutting rollers 120 and 130 are, as viewed in the longitudinal direction, arranged offset to one another, so that the cutting discs 121 of the left cutting roller 120 meshing with the existing between the spaced cutting discs 131 of the right cutting roller 130 gaps and vice versa, the cutting discs 131 in the gaps between the Cutting discs 121.

The overhead feed rollers 140 and 150 are also aligned parallel to one another and laterally offset relative to the respective cutting roller 120 or 130 in the direction of the front side part 103 or 104.
The feed rollers 140 and 150 are provided with a plurality of feed knives 143 and 153, respectively Spacers 144 and 154 spaced from each other on the respective take-up shaft 141 and 151 are lined up.
These feed rollers 140 and 150 are also arranged so that they do not mesh with the respective cutting discs 121 and 131 of the respective associated cutting roller 120 and 130, respectively. However, they are so close to these cutting rollers 120 and 130 that the circumference line of the same devised when the feed blades 143 and 153 rotate moves only a small distance past the circumferential surface / lateral surface of the relevant cutting disks 121 and 131, respectively.
The direction of rotation of the associated cutting roller and feed roller is rotating in the same direction. In this way and by the staggered, V-shaped arrangement of the work rolls in the first cutting unit 100 is achieved that the entering into the inlet opening 105 materials are drawn with its lower side / surface by the profiled peripheral surface of the cutting discs 121 and 131 in one direction and through the Feeding blades 143 and 153 of the respective feed roller 140 and 150 are pulled in opposite directions in the other direction, so that the material located immediately above the two cutting rollers 120 and 130 is constantly kept in motion and can form here no jammed material bridge.

Like in the FIG. 4 is shown in this new cutting unit provided for a document shredder that the work rolls arranged parallel to each other are each driven by a separate drive. So takes place at the in FIG. 4 shown first cutting unit (4-roller cutting unit), the drive of the left cutting roller 120 by the drive 110. The drive wheel 110.1 of the drive 110 is connected to one in this
Figure indicated by dashed line chain connected to a locked on the pin 112 driven sprocket. On this pin 112, a drive wheel 112.1 is also arranged, which is in engagement with a driven wheel 112.2, which is arranged on a journal of the take-up shaft 141 of the left feed roller 140. The same applies mutatis mutandis to the right part of the cutting unit. The drive for the right feed roller 150 is also provided on the side portion 102 side of the frame. On the side of the side part 102 protruding pin of the right cutting roller 130, a drive wheel 113.1 is arranged, which is engaged with the mounted on the take-up shaft 151 of the right feed roller 150 driven wheel 113.2.
As in the Figures 3 . 4 and 5 In this new cutting mechanism of the right lower work roll, the cutting roll 130, and the right upper work roll, the feed roll 150, and the left lower work roll, the cutting roll 120 and the left upper work roll, the feed roll 140, a common scraper is shown / scraper comb, the right scraper 117 and the left scraper 116, respectively. In each scraper 116 and 117 recesses are provided, which are respectively associated with the core diameters 122 and 132 and preferably enclose the core diameter 122 and 132 in the form of a half shell. The end portions of the wiper tines of these wipers are preferably formed acute-angled. The left scraper 116 and the right scraper 117 are supported with their lower portions 118 and 119 by a respective support rod 14 and with their upper portions in each case by a support strip 15. The support rods 14 and the support strips 15 are themselves locked between and on the side parts 101 and 102 of the frame.

In the FIG. 6 is the cutting unit 100 in side view in section "BB" as shown in FIG FIG. 4 shown. Between the front side parts 103 and 104, the side part 102 can be seen. In this side part 102, the cutting rollers 120 and 130 are mounted, in each case the bearing journal of these cutting rollers can be seen here. Above this pair of cutting rollers, the feed rollers 140 and 150 are supported; at 141 and 151, the take-up shafts of the feed rollers 140 and 150, respectively, are designated. Left of the side part 103 of the drive 110 for the left cutting roller 120 is indicated.

The side part 102 is provided to the working space with a wear plate 16, see also the FIG. 3 , This wear plate 16 is also on the in FIG. 6 not shown side part 101 is provided. The use of such wear plates 16 on the side panels allows the use of weight-reducing materials for these side panels. Thus, for example, these side parts 101 and 102 per se consist of aluminum-containing materials which are lighter but not more resistant to abrasion than the wear plates 16. The side parts 101 and 102 need not be completely covered by wear plates 16, it is quite sufficient to provide these wear plates 16 only in the inlet region of the cutting unit. These wear plates 16 can be made in one piece for each side part, as well as in several parts. In the FIG. 6 a multi-part design of this wear plate 16 is shown. For clarity, only the left in the region arranged wear plate 16 is shown. This illustrated wear plate 16 is arranged in mirror image also provided for the right part of the side part 102. As can be seen from the figure, this wear plate 16 extends down to the respective smallest roller diameter and is correspondingly recessed at its lower edge. This structural design also allows a material and thus cost savings, also is for the maintenance or repair case time-saving replacement of a worn wear plate 16 guaranteed.

In the FIG. 7 is the detail "A" from the FIG. 4 A view from above of a part of the right side of the first cutting mechanism 100 is shown. In this illustration, the engagement of the parts of the cutting rollers 120 and 130 and the position of the feed knives 153 of the right feed roller 150 and the spacer rings belonging to the same 150 are shown 154 and the associated right scraper 117. In addition, the position of the wear plate 16 on the side part 102 can be seen in plan view. In the upper part of the figure also the drive wheel 113.1 and the driven wheel 113.2, which have already been described in detail above, can be seen.
Furthermore, it is shown in this figure that the peripheral surface (lateral surface) 123 or 133 of each cutting disc 121 and 131 is provided with a V-shaped recess 124 and 134, respectively.
The cutting discs 121 of the left cutting roller 120 mesh with the cutting discs 131 of the right cutting roller 130. The core diameters of the respective cutting roller are indicated at 122 and 132, respectively. Further construction details of the cutting discs 121 and 131 are in the FIGS. 8a and 8b shown.

In the FIG. 8a the right cutting roller 130 is shown in side view; the viewing direction is from the drive 111 to the cutting roller. At the one end of the right cutting roller 130, a profiled pin 113 is provided for receiving a driven sprocket. The opposite end of the right cutting roller 130 is formed as a pin 113.1, also with a profiled lateral surface, for receiving a drive wheel. The area between these pins is provided with a plurality of spaced cutting discs 131. The reference numeral 132 denotes the core diameter of the gap formed between two adjacent cutting disks 131. As in the FIG. 7 is shown, the peripheral surface (lateral surface) of each cutting disc 131 is provided with a V-shaped recess 134.

The technical details of each cutting disc are in the FIG. 8b shown below. This figure shows the view "X" from the FIG. 8a , the illustrated cutting disc 131 is thus from the sprocket 113 ( FIG. 4 ) viewed from side view. By in the peripheral surface (lateral surface) 133 incorporated recesses 135, in this example four recesses, cutting teeth 136 are formed. Opposite to the direction of rotation "R" of the right cutting roller 130 are following each tooth 136 in the peripheral surface (lateral surface) 133rd Recesses 137 are provided, however, which have a substantially smaller depth than the cutting teeth forming recesses 135. These each following a cutting tooth 136 recesses 137 cause an improved holding or gripping the detected by the cutting teeth 136 materials or do not pull from a cutting tooth 136 detected materials to the meshing region of the two cutting rollers 120 and 130 out.

The cutting discs 121 of the left cutting roller 120 are shaped like the cutting discs 131 described above. The image of such a cutting disc 121 would therefore be a mirror image of the in FIG. 8b cutting disc 131 shown.

Depending on the intended application of the new document shredder, the second cutting mechanism 200 and / or the third cutting mechanism 300 is identical to the construction of the first cutting mechanism 100 described above.

An embodiment variant not shown in the figures is that the second cutting unit 200 and / or the third cutting unit 300 without the feed rollers 140 and 150 are executed. In order to achieve the highest possible degree of repetition for the production of the new document shredder In such a case, the recesses and openings which are open in the two side parts 101 and 102 are covered by modified wear plates 16, so that the so-called working space of the cutting mechanism is closed sideways (101, 102) and on the front side (103, 104).

With the new document shredder and the innovative design of a cutting unit for this shredder, a modularly expandable shredder has emerged.
Below the level E 3 at the shredder 1, ie in the illustrated embodiment below the lower cutting unit - the cutting unit 300 -, for example, a collecting container, a conveyor belt for receiving or transporting the crushed material or a feed chute for a so-called channel baler can be arranged; this is at the discretion of the user of the new shredder.

All mentioned in the foregoing description as well as the removable only from the drawings features are further components of the invention, even if they are not particularly highlighted and mentioned in the claims.

References directory

1

paper shredder

2

frame

2.1

upper area

2.2

second area

2.3

third area

2.4

lower area

2.5, ... 2.10

Crossbars of the frame

3.1

upper guide

3.2

second leadership

3.3

third leadership

4

first funnel

5

second funnel

6

Skids in pos. 3.2

7

Skids in pos. 3.3

8th

longitudinal web

9

longitudinal web

10, 11, 12, 13

corner posts

14

support rods

15

support strips

16

wear plates

100

first cutting unit

200

second cutting unit

300

third cutting unit

101, 102

side panels

103, 104

Front side parts

105

upper inlet opening

106

lower exit opening

107

bearing plate

108

rocker bearing

109

Adjustable stop

110, 111

drives

110.1, 111.1

Driving wheels of the drives

112, 113

Spigot (from pos. 120 or 130) with driven sprocket

112.1, 113.1

Driving wheels on pins of the cutting rollers (pos. 120 or 130)

112.2, 113.2

driven sprockets on spigots of the take-up shafts

116

left scraper (scraper comb)

117

right scraper (scraper comb)

118, 119

lower section of items 116 and 117, respectively

120

left cutting roller

121

cutting disc

122

core diameter

123

Circumferential surface (lateral surface)

124

V-shaped groove

130

right cutting roller

131

cutting disc

132

core diameter

133

Circumferential surface (lateral surface)

134

V-shaped groove

135

recess

136

cutting tooth

137

Deepening (holding groove, intake groove)

140

left feed roller

141

up shaft

143

Zuführmesser

144

spacers

150

right feed roller

151

up shaft

153

Zuführmesser

154

spacers

E1, E2, E3

Levels of Pos. 3.1 to 3.3

R

Direction of rotation of item 130

Claims (13)

1. Document shredder for shredding large quantities or voluminous data carrier material such as paper stacks, cardboard boxes, document files, file bundles and like materials, comprising a stand/frame (2), at least two cutting mechanisms and means for drive and control of the cutting mechanisms, wherein each cutting mechanism comprises at least two working rollers, with which strippers are associated, wherein these working rollers are cutting rollers, the cutting discs or cutting knives of which intermesh, characterised by a first cutting mechanism (100), a second cutting mechanism (200) and a third cutting mechanism (300), wherein

   - each cutting mechanism (100, 200, 300) has a separate housing, which housings are so arranged in the stand/frame (2) that in accordance with the respectively set task, thus in accordance with the material category of the starting material to be comminuted, at least the second or the third cutting mechanism is selectably exchanged for a cutting mechanism of different power or can be removed,

   - the cutting mechanisms (100, 200, 300) arranged one above the other are provided in such a way that the cut material outlet of the respective upper cutting mechanism (100; 200) is at the same time the cut material inlet for the respective lower cutting mechanism (200; 300) and

   - the upper, first cutting mechanism (100) contains four working rollers (120, 130, 140, 150) provided with tools, wherein in each instance two of the four working rollers are of identical construction and in addition are arranged as a pair in parallel alignment with one another and wherein the upper pair of working rollers are constructed as feed rollers (140, 150) and the lower pair of working rollers as cutting rollers.
2. Document shredder according to claim 1, characterised in that a funnel-shaped connecting part in the form of a first funnel (4) is provided between the housing lower edge of the upper, first cutting mechanism (100) and the housing upper edge of the second cutting mechanism (200) arranged thereunder.
3. Document shredder according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that

   - the cutting discs (121, 131) of the cutting rollers (120, 130) of each cutting roller pair are of identical construction, wherein

   - at least one recess (135) is formed in the circumferential surface (132, 133) of each cutting disc (121, 131), whereby at least one cutting tooth (136) is formed, and

   - further recesses in the form of depressions (137) are formed in the respective circumferential surface (123 or 133) to follow each cutting tooth (136) as seen counter to the direction (R) of rotation, wherein these depressions (137) have a substantially smaller depth than the recess (135) preceding the cutting tooth (136).
4. Document shredder according to claim 3, characterised in that the circumferential surfaces (123 or 133) of each cutting disc (121 and 131) of the lefthand cutting roller (120) and the righthand cutting roller (130) are formed to be V-shaped (124; 134) in body inward direction.
5. Document shredder according to at least one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that a stripper / stripper comb (116) is associated with the lefthand cutting roller (120) and the lefthand feed roller (140) in common and a stripper / stripper comb (117) is associated with the righthand cutting roller (130) and the righthand feed roller (150) in common.
6. Document shredder according to claim 5, characterised in that the lefthand stripper (116) and the righthand stripper (117) each have two recesses, wherein each of these recesses bears, preferably in the form of a half shell, against the core diameter (122, 132) of the respective cutting roller (120, 130) or against the core diameter of the mounting shaft (141, 151) of the lefthand feed roller (140) or of the righthand feed roller (150).
7. Document shredder according to claim 5 or 6, characterised in that the lefthand stripper / stripper comb (116) is supported by its lower sections (118) and the righthand stripper / stripper comb (117) by its lower sections (119) on a respective support rod (14), the support rods being fastened between the side parts (101, 102), and the upper regions of the lefthand stripper / stripper comb (116) and the righthand stripper / stripper comb (117) are mounted on support strips (15), which are similarly fastened between the side parts (101, 102).
8. Document shredder according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterised in that a respective wear plate (16) is arranged on the side parts (102, 102) directed inwardly towards the working rollers.
9. Document shredder according to claim 8, characterised in that the wear plates (16) are of unitary construction.
10. Document shredder according to claim 14, characterised in that the wear plates (16) are of multi-part construction.
11. Document shredder according to claim 8, 9 or 10, characterised in that the wear plates (16) cover the inner surface of the side parts (101, 102) only sectionally.
12. Document shredder according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the upper, first cutting mechanism (100) is formed in accordance with at least one of claims 3 to 16 and the further cutting mechanisms (200 and/or 300), which are arranged below the cutting mechanism (100), comprise only one pair of working rollers, i.e. the lefthand cutting roller (120) and the righthand cutting roller (130), together with respectively associated strippers.
13. Document shredder according to claim 12, characterised in that the provided strippers are formed in accordance with at least one of claims 10 to 12.

Images