EP1984115A2

EP1984115A2 - Multiroller crusher

Info

Publication number: EP1984115A2
Application number: EP07700215A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Viktor Raaz; Detlef Papajewski
Original assignee: ThyssenKrupp Foerdertechnik GmbH
Current assignee: ThyssenKrupp Industrial Solutions AG
Priority date: 2006-02-03
Filing date: 2007-01-11
Publication date: 2008-10-29
Anticipated expiration: 2027-01-11
Also published as: WO2007090495A3; ATE487540T1; DE502007005611D1; CN101370590A; WO2007090495A2; DE102006005017B3; EP1984115B1; ES2354736T3; AU2007214087B2; US20090020637A1; AU2007214087A1; US7997516B2; CN101370590B

Abstract

A multiple roll crusher is provided for crushing of mineral material, more particularly of coal or oil sand. The multiple roll crusher includes at least three crusher rolls (1, 2, 5 1′, 2′), the rotation axes (R) of which lie in parallel to each other and horizontal or roughly horizontal. All directly neighboring crusher rolls (1, 2, 1′, 2′) have opposite directions of rotation. A connecting line (V) of the rotation axes (R) has at least one kink.

Description

More roll crusher

Description:

The invention relates to a multi-roll crusher according to the preamble of claim 1.

Such multi-roll crushers serve in particular as crushers for crushing mineral crushed material, in particular coal, ore, stone, natural stone, bauxite, marl, clay, oil sand or similar materials. These crushers are intended to bring the material, which arrives with a particle size of up to about 150 mm, to a particle size of generally <50 mm. It is important in the comminution of coal, in particular, that it is not or only slightly compressed during the breaking process and essentially maintains its internal structure.

According to DE 199 04 867 Al belongs to the prior art a device for crushing mineral crushing material with two crushing rollers, the crushing process between the crushing rollers and provided with crushing organs opposite walls of the crusher housing. There is no breaking process between the two crushing rollers, which rotate in opposite directions.

From US-A 5,547,136 a mill is known in which the crushing operation between two rolls takes place with circumferentially arranged on helical cutting elements. Below the working gap, a solid anvil extending in the roll longitudinal direction is arranged, on which arcuate sieves adapted to the outer shape of the crushing rolls are fastened on both sides. The material not falling through the holes of the sieves is transported above these sieves back into the receiving space. This mill essentially serves for fine breaking or grinding of waste material to comparatively small particle sizes.

In WO 94/21 381 Al an arrangement for breaking and cooling of emerging from a kiln already relatively fine-grained Guts is described, wherein the crusher several juxtaposed and arranged at a height, having cantilevered, roller-shaped crushing elements. The direction of rotation of the crushing rollers changes from one to another roller. The juxtaposed at the same height crushing rollers thereby fill the entire width of the discharge area of the inlet shaft, in each case a working gap between the crushing rollers is released, whose size is determined by the desired particle size of the fuel.

From US 5,595,350 A a further roll crusher at the end of a cooling device can be seen, wherein four crushing rollers are arranged side by side, of which from the task side, the first three each turn to the right and the fourth to the opposite turns to the left. The material that comes from the task side and has not yet fallen through the spaces between the first rollers, so is crushed in the gap between the third and fourth roller. The four rollers are loaded differently.

The invention is based on the object to propose a multi-roll crusher of the generic type, in which substantially without compression and preferably by shearing the material crushed and in the smallest possible crusher space and the lowest possible machine wear a high throughput is achieved.

The solution of this problem is specified in claim 1. The dependent claims 2 to 20 contain useful embodiments of this.

In the multi-roll crusher according to the invention with at least three crushing rollers in a crusher space, it is provided that all directly adjacent crushing rollers have opposite directions of rotation and the connecting line (V) of the axes of rotation (R) has at least one kink. This kink causes either at a constant distance of the axes of rotation (R), the total width (B) of the crusher space in which the crushing rollers are arranged parallel to each other, can be reduced or that with the same width of the crusher space possibly more crushing rollers can be accommodated and thus the Throughput per total width of the crusher room is increased. Arrangement and size of the buckling are chosen so that the smallest possible deflection of the crushed material on its way from the feed opening of the crusher to the passage through the working gap of the wear of crushing tools and crushers is minimized.

The crushing rollers can basically be used with a smooth surface so untoothed. However, it has also proven to be favorable that the circumference of the crushing rollers uniformly or non-uniformly distributed crushing or cutting teeth of the same or unequal tooth height and / or tooth shape are arranged and that they interact with cutting elements at the top and / or laterally in the upper area are arranged on an anvil bar, which is preferably height-adjustable and / or resiliently mounted in the vertical direction. The cutting elements can preferably be arranged on the anvil strip on itself over the entire length of the crushing rollers extending strips, the cutting teeth can engage the crushing rollers in tooth spaces of the strip. However, the multi-roll crusher according to the invention can also be embodied without an in-edge strip or without a cutting element. In the multi-roll crusher according to the invention, the entire material is comminuted when passing through the working gap between the two crushing rollers or between a crushing roller and crushing teeth on the wall side, wherein the adjustable and / or resilient mounting of the anvil bar prevents interference caused by excessively large or too hard chunks of material. To adjust the grain size of the product and the working gap can be adjusted by changing the axial distance of the crushing rollers and / or by changing the distance of the anvil bar. According to the required particle size of the product and the cutting teeth of two adjacent crushing rollers can be arranged angularly offset on the roll circumference.

According to the invention, a working gap and an empty gap alternate over the entire width of the breaker space due to the changing directions of rotation of the breaker rolls. Through the working gap, the material is essentially conveyed from top to bottom or obliquely down and thereby crushed. In the area of the empty gap, the crushing or cutting teeth move upwards or obliquely upwards on the circumference of the crushing rollers, so there is no Comminution of the material takes place. The gap width of the empty gap is less than or equal to the working gap. In particular, in the region of the void gap, the cutting teeth of the adjacent crushing rollers can be arranged angularly offset and, if necessary, their peripheral speed synchronized so that the distance between the two rollers can be reduced without teeth of these rollers touching each other.

In order to achieve the invention reduction of the width of the crusher space, it has proved to be favorable that the connecting line between the axes of rotation of two adjacent crushing rollers in the region of a working gap horizontally or slightly inclined at an angle α of up to 30 ° to the horizontal. At the same time, the connecting line in the region of an empty gap can have an angle β of up to 90 or 75 °, preferably 30 to 60 ° to the horizontal. Large angles .beta. Can be advantageous in particular with crushing rollers of different diameters adjacent to the empty gap. Overall, the angle should be α ≤ the angle ß. By means of these inclinations of the connecting line according to the invention, a material flow which is as unhindered as possible can be ensured in the region of the working gap for the various materials and, at the same time, in the region of an empty gap prevent undesired arrest of the material flow by coarse material from above the empty gap. In any case, one will try to reduce the width of the crusher space to make at least the angle ß, depending on the respective material, as large as possible.

According to the invention, it is further proposed to arrange in each case two crushing rollers, which form an empty gap between them, as a structural unit on a rocker pivotally and / or displaceably mounted on the housing of the multi-roll crusher. This rocker preferably includes right and left outside of the crusher housing arranged and mounted roll carrier, wherein the axes or waves of the associated crusher rollers can be passed through suitable slots of the crusher housing. The two belonging to a pair of rollers roller carrier of a rocker can be pivoted together in each case about a parallel to the axes of rotation of the crushing rollers arranged rotational axis, wherein preferably the pivoting of the rocker by a adjustable stop is limited and acts on the rocker a preferably preloaded spring in the direction of a stop. By this resilient mounting, it is possible that the crushing rollers of the two adjacent working gap adjacent rockers can dodge due to too hard or unbreakable material, for example, overload and the working gap is thereby increased briefly and returned by the springs back to its original position.

The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the accompanying figures 1 to 13, for example, in which the arrangement of the crushing rollers in a crusher room is sketched in a vertical section in Figures 1 to 4 and 6 to 13. Show it:

1 and 2 arrangements of three crushing rollers in a crusher space

Figs. 3 and 4 arrangements of four crushing rollers in a crusher space

Fig. 5 is a partial perspective view of a bar 10 with

Cutting edge 7

Fig. 6 shows an arrangement of five crushing rollers in a crusher space

Fig. 7 shows an arrangement of six crushing rollers in a crusher space

8 to 13 different arrangements of eight crushing rollers in one

Crusher space.

In FIGS. 1 to 4, 6 and 7, crushing rollers 1, 1 ', 2, 2' are shown as smooth cylindrical rollers, wherein refractive or cutting teeth 4 are readily provided on the circumference of the rollers, as shown in FIGS. 8 to 13 could be. In the first figures, no breaking or cutting teeth 4 were drawn for the sake of simplicity. However, the breaking or cutting teeth 4 are particularly useful if, under the working gaps A, A 'in each case over the entire length of the crushing rollers extending anvil strip 3 and outer crushing teeth 14 are present. The anvil strip 3 may be provided according to Fig. 5 at the top with a replaceable bar 10, wherein above a horizontal continuous cutting bar 7 and 9 tooth spaces are arranged, in which the crushing or cutting teeth 4 on the circumference of the crushing rollers 1, 2 or partially protrude. The anvil strip 3 can according to the illustration in Fig. 7 except the cutting bar 7 also at the top cutting elements 5 and in the upper side region also have cutting elements 6. The entire anvil strip is preferably vertically or according to their inclination (cf., for example Fig. 2, 6, 12 and 13) adjustable in the transport direction of the material and in particular resiliently mounted by springs 8. On the two walls 12, 13 in each case additionally outer crushing teeth 14 may be arranged, which cooperate with the crushing or cutting teeth 4 on the adjacent crushing rollers 1 ', 2'. These outer crushing teeth 14 may be similar to the anvil strip 3 adjustable and resiliently mounted.

The simplest embodiment of the multi-roll crusher according to the invention can be explained with reference to FIG. There two crushing rollers 1, 2 are arranged side by side at the same height. The dotted straight line V connects the axes of rotation R of the two crushing rollers 1 and 2 and the axes of rotation R of the crushing roller 2 with the deeper crushing roller I ¹ . The defined in claim 1 according to the invention kink in the connecting line V is therefore present at the axis of rotation R of the crushing roller 2. Outwardly, the connecting line V is extended horizontally up to the walls 12, 13. Between the two crushing rollers 1, 2 there is in each case the working gap A (see Fig. 3), which has the gap width a defined in the direction of the connecting line V. Between the marginal crushing rollers I ¹ , 2 ¹ and the outer crushing teeth 14 are each the working gap A '(see Fig. 3), with the gap width a ¹ . The sum of the gap widths a and a ¹ on the total width B of the crusher space is the decisive measure of the throughput of the multi-roll crusher. The point here is to maximize the sum of these gap widths a, a ¹ over the total width B. The second decisive measure are the gap widths I and I 'which also extend in the direction of the connecting line V in the region of the empty gaps L, L' (compare FIGS. 2 and 3). The empty gap L is here as the gap between two "internal" crushing rollers 1, 2 or 1, 2 'or 2, 1' defined, while the blank gap L ^1, the gap between the peripheral crushing rollers 1, 2 and the wall 12, 13, on which no outer crushing teeth 14 are arranged. In principle, the crushing or cutting teeth 4 move downwards in the region of a working gap A ₁ A ', so that the material fed in above the crushing rolls is moved from top to bottom through the working gap A, A ¹ . In the area of an empty gap L, L ¹ , the breaking or cutting teeth move upwards so that larger material arriving from above is normally stopped or transported to the next working gap A, A ¹ . The gap width I, I ¹ in the region of an empty gap L, L ¹ can be chosen so small that the crushing or cutting teeth 4 can be moved past each other with the shortest possible distance. The gap widths I, I ¹ are in any case smaller than or equal to the gap widths a, a ¹ . Depending on the material produced, the gap width I ₁ I 'may have a certain minimum dimension, so that the resulting fine grain can also trickle unhindered through the empty gap L, L ¹ .

According to the invention, the crushing rollers are to be arranged offset from one another in the vertical direction and pushed together in the horizontal direction to achieve the lowest possible overall width B, whereby the required gap widths a, a ', I, I ^{1 are} maintained and the deflection of the material flow in the crusher space is minimized becomes. As can be readily seen from the figures, with each inclined arrangement of the connecting line V to the horizontal, the respective width required in the horizontal direction in the crusher space decreases considerably. According to the feed direction of the material above the crushing rollers to the respective working gap A, A ¹ , it has been found that the angle α can be up to 30 ° to the horizontal, while the angle ß up to 90 ° or 75 °, preferably between 30 and 60 ° can be.

In addition to the preferred embodiments shown in the figures, there are basically also other options for staggered arrangement of the crushing rollers I ₁ T ₁ 2, 2 ¹ . As can be seen in FIG. 1, the crushing roller I ^{1 could} also be arranged above the two remaining crushing rollers 1 and 2. In addition, or instead could also a crushing roller 2 'on the wall 12 above or below the two crushing rollers 1, 2 with outer crushing teeth 14th work together. Also according to the Anorndung of Fig. 2, the middle crushing roller 2 could, for example, in a lower position between the two crushing rollers I ₁ 1 'lie.

FIGS. 3 and 4 show preferred embodiments, each with four crushing rollers 1, 2, 1 ', 2 ¹ , because there is a total of one working gap A and two working gaps A ¹ . In Fig. 4, the side walls 12, 13 carry outer crushing teeth 14, which are not present in Fig. 3.

In continuation of the idea according to the invention, the multi-roll crusher according to FIG. 6 has five crushing rolls 1, 2, 2 'with two working gaps A and one edge-side working gap A ¹ . In this zig-zag arrangement, the material above the five crushing rollers can relatively evenly distribute. The cascades or step arrangement of the six rollers according to FIG. 7 offers, in particular, the possibility of uniform distribution over the three working gaps A for a somewhat lateral task, wherein machining on the walls 12, 13 is dispensed with.

In the figures 8 to 13, eight crushing rollers are shown in a crusher room, with three middle working column A and in each case additionally a working gap A ¹ on the walls 12, 13 are present. The task direction of the material from above and the further transport after the breaking process is indicated in these figures by dashed arrows.

According to FIGS. 9 to 13, two adjacent crushing rollers, which have an empty gap L between them, are combined to form a unit via a rocker 11. The rocker 11 preferably contains and supports roller carriers 11, 11 "arranged and mounted on the outside of the housing on the right and on the left .. The rotation axes R of the associated crushing rollers are guided through slots in the housing (not shown) is pressed against this stop by the prestressed spring 16. This resilient mounting of the assembly has the advantage that when seizure of too hard or non-breakable materials, the rocker is moved about the axis of rotation 15 against the spring 16, so that the two associated working gaps A, A ¹ at the same time by substantially the same extent can open automatically. Once the obstacle is eliminated, the rocker 11 is pivoted back to the starting position by means of the spring 16.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1, 1 'crushing roller (turning to the right) 2, 2 ¹ crushing roller (turning to the left)

3 anvil strip

4 crushing or cutting teeth on 1, 2, 1 ', 2 ¹ (see Fig. 8 to 13)

5 cutting element at the top of Fig. 3 (see Fig. 7)

6 cutting element in the upper area laterally at 3 (see Fig. 7) 7 cutting bar at 3 (see Fig. 7 and Fig. 5)

8 spring for 3 (see Fig. 7)

9 tooth spaces in 10 (see Fig. 5)

10 strip (see Fig. 5)

11 rocker (see Fig. 9 to 13) 11 ', 11 "roller carrier

12 wall

13 wall

14 outer crushing teeth at 12, 13

15 axis of rotation of 11 16 spring on 11

17 stop (adjustable)

A, A ¹ working gap

B Total width of crusher space L ₁ L ¹ Space gap

R rotation axis of 1, I ¹ , 2, 2 '

V connecting line between axes of rotation R

a, a 'gap width of A, A ¹ in the direction of VI, F gap width of L, L' in the direction of V

α Angle from V to the horizontal in the range of A ß Angle from V to the horizontal in the range of L

Claims

claims:

1. multi-roll crusher for the crushing of mineral crushed material, in particular coal or oil sands with at least three crushing rollers (1, 2, T ₁ 2 ') whose axes of rotation (R) are parallel to each other and horizontal or approximately horizontal, characterized in that all directly adjacent crushing rollers (1, 2, I ¹ , 2 ') have opposite directions of rotation and the connecting line (V) of the axes of rotation (R) has at least one kink.

2. multi-roll crusher according to claim 1, characterized in that on the circumference of the crushing rollers (1, 2, 1 ', T) crushing or cutting teeth (4) are arranged.

3. multi-roll crusher according to claim 2, characterized in that below the formed between two crushing rollers (1, 2) working gap (A) over the entire length of the crushing rollers (1, 2) extending anvil strip (3) is arranged.

4. multi-roll crusher according to claim 3, characterized in that at the top and / or laterally in the upper region of the anvil strip (3) crushing or cutting elements (5, 6, 7) are arranged, with the at the periphery of the crushing rollers (1, 2) arranged crushing or cutting teeth (4) cooperate.

5. multi-roll crusher according to claim 4, characterized in that the crushing or cutting elements (5, 6, 7) on the anvil strip (3) to interchangeable, completely or partially straight or comb-shaped strips (10) are arranged.

6. Multi-roll crusher according to claim 3, characterized in that the anvil strip (3) is height-adjustable and / or resiliently mounted.

7. multi-roll crusher according to claim 2, characterized in that one or both outer crushing rollers (I ¹ , 2 ') with the adjacent walls (12, 13) fixed, adjustable and / or resiliently mounted crushing teeth (14) or anvil strips cooperate.

8. multi-roll crusher according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the connecting line (V) in the region of a working gap (A) at an angle α of up to 30 ° to the horizontal.

9. multi-roll crusher according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the connecting line (V) in the region of an empty gap (L) at an angle ß of up to 90 ° to the horizontal.

10. multi-roll crusher according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the connecting line (V) in the region of an empty gap (L) in a

Angle ß of up to 75 ° to the horizontal runs.

11. Mehrwahlzenbrechbrecher according to claim 9, characterized in that the angle ß 30 to 60 °.

12. multi-roll crusher according to at least one of claims 8 to 10, characterized in that the angle α is less than or equal to angle ß.

13. Multi-roll crusher according to claim 2, characterized in that at a working gap (A) cooperating crushing or cutting teeth (4) in the circumferential direction and / or in the axial direction of the crushing rollers (I ₁ 2, I ¹ , 2 ') are arranged offset from one another ,

14. Multi-roll crusher according to claim 2, characterized in that the crushing rollers (1, 2, 1 ', 2') consist of axially lined toothed disks.

15. Multi-roll crusher according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the length of the connecting line (V) at an empty gap (L) is less than or equal to the length of the connecting line (V) at a working gap (A).

16. Multi-roll crusher according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that in each case two crushing rollers (1, 2, I ¹ , 2 '), which form an empty gap (L) between them, as a structural unit on a pivotally on the housing of the multi-roll crusher and / or slidably mounted rocker (11) are arranged.

17, multi-roll crusher according to claim 15, characterized in that the rocker (11) about a parallel to the axes of rotation (R) of the crushing rollers (1, 2, I ¹ , T) arranged pivot axis (15) are pivotable.

18. Multi-roll crusher according to claim 15 or 16, characterized in that the pivotability of the rocker (11) by an adjustable stop (17) is limited.

19. Multi-roll crusher according to claim 17, characterized in that on the rocker (11) a spring (16) in the direction of the stop (17) acts.

20. Multi-roll crusher according to claim 1, characterized in that the crushing rollers (1, 2, I ¹ , 2 ') have the same or different diameters.