RU2619275C1 - Device for milling frozen clay lumps - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: device contains the drive shafts (2). The drive shafts are installed in the horizontal frame (1) at least at two levels in staggered order parallel to each other. Saw discs of at least two diameters with an alternating and a gap are mounted on the shafts. The saw discs of the corresponding diameter on adjacent shafts are arranged opposite each other. In the gaps on the shafts there are bushings with at least one tooth (5). Grates (6) are mounted between the shafts. One end of each grate is arranged in the gap between the saw discs of the top-level shaft. The other end is arranged in the gap between the corresponding saw discs of the lower-level shaft.

EFFECT: milling large frozen clay lumps for feeding into the clay preparation process line.

7 cl, 7 dwg

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to the construction materials industry, namely, clay processing equipment, and is intended for pre-grinding large frozen lumps of clay.

State of the art

In areas of the Far North and Siberia during the extraction of clay, the problem of its preliminary grinding arises. The use of jaw and cone crushers for the processing of frozen clay conglomerates is either impossible at all because of the tendency of clay to stick to work surfaces, or causes frequent downtime associated with long and laborious work to clean the crushing chamber.

The prior art device for loosening frozen or hard rocks, mounted above the grate (see ed. St. SU 178714, IPC: B28V 1/18, publ. 01/22/1966), including a self-propelled trolley that moves along the rail, and the rotor with a horizontal shaft on which a set of removable bushings is mounted, to each of which cutting bodies located along a helical line are rigidly attached. When moving the device on rails, rotating working bodies loosen the soil, pushing it between the grates into the box feeder.

However, the device allows you to grind only small pieces of clay, commensurate with the size of the cutting organs. In addition, it will inevitably jam stones between the grid-irons and the teeth of the cultivating shaft.

As the closest analogue to the proposed device, by the presence of similar structural features, a multi-roll crusher for grinding mineral material, including clay, is adopted (see patent DE 102006005017, IPC: В02С 4/02, 18.10.2007), containing at least three horizontal crushing rolls whose rotation axes are parallel to each other. Moreover, adjacent crushing rolls have opposite directions of rotation and the connecting line of the axis of rotation has at least one bend. The rolls consist of gear discs, and a baffle is installed at the bottom in the gap between the two crushing rolls along their entire length.

In the known crusher due to the installation of rolls at several levels, the working space is increased, while the degree of grinding of the material is increased. The disadvantage of the crusher is the inability to grind large lumps larger than 150 mm.

Disclosure of invention

The present invention solves the problem of creating a device that allows you to grind large frozen lumps of clay when it is fed into the clay processing line.

The problem is solved due to the fact that in the device for grinding frozen lumps of clay, containing installed in a horizontal frame at least two levels in a staggered pattern parallel to each other drive shafts with saw blades mounted on them, according to the invention, saw blades on shafts are installed at least two diameters with alternating and with a gap, moreover, saw blades of the corresponding diameter on adjacent shafts are located opposite each other, bushings are installed in the gaps on the shafts to at least one tooth and a grate mounted between the shafts, one end of each of which is disposed in the gap between the saw blades of the upper level of the shaft and the other end is positioned in the gap between the lower level saw blade shaft.

When installing saw blades of the appropriate diameter on adjacent shafts opposite each other, the necessary angle is created for gripping large-sized material and its further processing is ensured.

Larger diameter saws cut pieces of clay into strips. The grates installed between the shafts deflect the resulting strips from the vertical and direct them to saws of a smaller diameter lower shaft. When bent, the bands break in several places. Smaller saws, in turn, cut the resulting cubes into even narrower strips, and the teeth of the bushings sparkle them until the lumps decrease and fall down.

Thus, it is possible to process large frozen lumps of clay and multi-stage intensive grinding of material in one pass.

In the particular case of the implementation of the invention, the distance between the levels of the shafts is not greater than the radius of the large saw blades, which makes it possible to capture and grind lumps of material by saws of adjacent shafts.

Due to the fact that the grate is made arcuate and facing the concave side to the shafts, the strip of material breaks gradually in several places as it moves down.

Since the teeth of the bushings of one shaft are located in one line, the column of material synchronously falls to a distance equal to the height of the tooth, is subjected to impact by the teeth of the bushings and breaks off.

Preferably, the diameter of the circle of rotation of the top of the tooth of the sleeve is smaller than the diameter of the small saw blades, which ensures the sequence of the final grinding of lumps of material by the teeth after it is cut with saws.

The use of saw blades allows grinding material with increased hardness, in particular frozen clumps of clay with possible stony inclusions.

To ensure the capture of material and its subsequent grinding, the shaft rotation drive is configured to rotate the lower level shafts towards the grates.

In order to reduce energy costs, the shaft rotation drive is made unified in the form of a chain transmission.

Brief Description of the Drawings

The essence of the proposed technical solution is illustrated by drawings, which depict:

in FIG. 1 - the proposed device, General view;

in FIG. 2 - the proposed device, a cross section;

in FIG. 3 is a top view, an installation option of grates in each inter-gap;

in FIG. 4 is a top view, an installation option of grates one at a time between saws of larger diameter;

in FIG. 5 - embodiment of a device with four shafts;

in FIG. 6 - embodiment of a device with five shafts;

in FIG. 7 is an embodiment of a device with six shafts.

The implementation of the invention

A device for grinding frozen lumps of clay contains drive shafts 2 installed in a horizontal frame 1 at least at two levels in a checkerboard pattern parallel to each other. Saw disks 3 of at least two diameters are alternated with alternating and with a gap. Saw blades 3 of the corresponding diameter on adjacent shafts 2 are located opposite each other. In the gaps between the saw blades, shafts 4 with at least one tooth 5 are installed on the shafts, the teeth of the shafts of one shaft being located in one line. The bushings can be made with two or three teeth. The diameter of the circle of rotation of the top of the tooth 5 of the sleeve 4 is less than the diameter of the small saw blades 3 '. The distance between the levels of the shafts is not greater than the radius of the large saw blades 3 ". Between the shafts 2 there are mounted arc-shaped grates 6 facing the shafts with a concave side. Each grate 6 has one end located in the gap between the saw blades 3 of the upper level shaft and the other end located in the gap between the respective saw blades of the lower level shaft. Grids 6 can be installed in each saw gap (in Fig. 3) or, in order to facilitate the construction, one between saws of larger diameter 3 "(in Fig. 4). The drive shaft rotation is made unified in the form of an electric motor 7 and a chain gear 8 with the possibility of rotation of the shafts of the lower level towards the grates 6.

The device operates as follows.

The source material is fed into the hopper 9 mounted on the frame 1. Pieces of frozen clay under the force of their own gravity come down and are involved in the inter-saw space. Circular saws of larger diameter 3 "cut lumps into strips. Arc-shaped grates 6 remove material from the upper shaft and direct the resulting strips to saws of smaller diameter 3 'of the lower shaft. Moving down the concave side of the grate, the strip of material gradually bends and breaks off. Bushings with 4 teeth 5 in turn, they chop off a little bit of the piece (as if painting it) until the lump shrinks and falls down, which ensures multi-stage grinding of material in one pass.

The device for grinding frozen clay lumps is easily installed on the receiving hopper of raw materials in the winter and is also easily removed in the summer, which allows to expand the technological capabilities of the clay preparation line available at the plant.

Claims (7)

1. A device for grinding frozen lumps of clay, containing installed in a horizontal frame at least at two levels in a checkerboard pattern parallel to each other drive shafts with saw blades mounted on them, characterized in that the saw blades on the shafts are installed at least two diameters with alternating and with a gap, moreover, saw blades of the corresponding diameter on adjacent shafts are located opposite each other, in the gaps on the shafts there are bushings with at least one tooth, and grates are mounted between the shafts, dynes end of each of which is disposed in the gap between the saw blades of the upper level of the shaft and the other end is positioned in the gap between the lower level saw blade shaft. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the distance between the levels of the shafts is not greater than the radius of the large saw blades. 3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the grate is made arcuate and facing the concave side to the shafts. 4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the teeth of the bushings of one shaft are located in one line. 5. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the diameter of the circle of rotation of the top of the tooth of the sleeve is less than the diameter of the small saw blades. 6. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the shaft rotation drive is configured to rotate the lower level shafts towards the grates. 7. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the shaft rotation drive is made single in the form of a chain transmission.

Images