EP3658482B1 - Turmdrehkran - Google Patents

Turmdrehkran Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3658482B1
EP3658482B1 EP18762830.0A EP18762830A EP3658482B1 EP 3658482 B1 EP3658482 B1 EP 3658482B1 EP 18762830 A EP18762830 A EP 18762830A EP 3658482 B1 EP3658482 B1 EP 3658482B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
boom
height
length
guyed
section
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP18762830.0A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3658482A1 (de
Inventor
Thomas Herse
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Liebherr Werk Biberach GmbH
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Liebherr Werk Biberach GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
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Publication of EP3658482A1 publication Critical patent/EP3658482A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3658482B1 publication Critical patent/EP3658482B1/de
Active legal-status Critical Current
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
    • B66C23/18—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes
    • B66C23/26—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes for use on building sites; constructed, e.g. with separable parts, to facilitate rapid assembly or dismantling, for operation at successively higher levels, for transport by road or rail
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
    • B66C23/62—Constructional features or details
    • B66C23/64—Jibs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
    • B66C23/62—Constructional features or details
    • B66C23/72—Counterweights or supports for balancing lifting couples
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
    • B66C23/62—Constructional features or details
    • B66C23/82—Luffing gear

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a tower crane with a tower which carries a jib and a counter-jib, with a jib guy being guided from a tower top to the jib and to the counter-jib.
  • brace the boom usually one, two or even three guy ropes or rods to the boom from a tower top that rises above the boom and posted there.
  • the articulation points of the guy ropes or rods on the boom can be approximately in the middle or in an inner third and / or in an outer third.
  • “Inside” means a boom section closer to the tower, and “outside” means a boom section that protrudes further and is further spaced from the tower.
  • a first bracing rod can be attached at about one third of the total boom length and a second guy bar at about two thirds of the total boom length.
  • the "entire" boom length here means the boom without a counter-boom, that is to say the boom part on which the trolley moves.
  • the bracing is usually also led to the rear of this counter-jib.
  • the bracing is guided downwards over the top of the tower or bracing strut, which is then inclined to the rear.
  • top-less tower cranes have also become popular that dispense with jib bracing and instead reinforce the jib itself to such an extent that it can absorb the forces as a bending beam jib.
  • Such topless tower cranes are sometimes referred to as “flat-top” cranes or also “topless” cranes or “hammer-head” cranes, since they lack the tower top protruding from the jib.
  • the main advantages of such top-less tower cranes are essentially the lower overall height and a simple assembly process.
  • the font EP 2 041 017 B1 shows such a top-less tower crane and suggests an assembly method for this purpose that is intended to facilitate the construction of the crane.
  • the font DE 10 2005 018 522 B4 also shows such a top-less tower crane, whereby the total tension-free bending beam boom should have several bearing points in order to be able to be mounted at different points on the upper end of the tower, so that the counter-jib has a greater length and a shorter length.
  • Another top-less tower crane is, for example, from Scripture GB 14 93 715 or the brochure "The EC-B Flat-Top-Cranes" from Liebherr-Werk Biberach GmbH.
  • the text shows a comparison between a guyed tower crane with a tower top and a flat top crane without a top ES 22 64 334 A1 . Therein it is proposed to mount the counter jib a little higher than the jib in order to further simplify the assembly.
  • Tower cranes in which the jib bracing is kept quite short are, for example, from the text GB 13 11 767 A (which also discloses the preamble of claim 1) or known from the Spanish company JASO under the type designation H series, for example model variant J560. There is the boom up to
  • the boom tip is relatively massive in order to be able to absorb the bending forces and moments that arise, which makes the crane overall relatively heavy and massive.
  • the present invention is based on the object of creating an improved rotating tower crane of the type mentioned at the beginning, which avoids the disadvantages of the prior art and further develops the latter in an advantageous manner.
  • a low overall height and easy assembly should be achieved without having to buy this through high component weights and excessive component geometries of the boom parts.
  • the jib bracing only spans an inner jib section, the length of which is less than 40% of the total length of the jib, and an outer one Boom section, the length of which is more than 60% of the total length of the boom, forms an unrestrained bending beam boom, which has at least one boom piece that tapers in height, to which at least one boom part of greater height is connected on the inside and a boom piece of smaller height on the outside.
  • the inside means a jib part arranged closer to the tower and the outside means a jib part further spaced from the tower.
  • the jib height means the vertical extension of the respective jib part from its lower edge to its upper edge, which can be the vertical spacing from lower chord to upper chord when the jib parts are designed as a framework with upper and lower chords.
  • the boom height of the non-braced outer boom part which acts as a bending beam, which is reduced away from the tower, can be designed in one or more stages, with a multi-stage tapering of the boom height, several conically tapered boom pieces, between each of which a non-tapered, in the height of the boom piece that remains constant can be provided.
  • a continuous tapering of the boom height can also be provided in a further development of the invention, which can extend over approximately the entire length of the non-braced, outer boom part or at least a substantial part of it, for example over more than 50% or more than 75% of the length of the unrestrained outer branch part.
  • the outer, non-guyed boom part can taper continuously and evenly in the boom height, starting from the anchorage point of the bracing, up to the boom tip.
  • a reduction in boom height is provided much further in front of the boom tip.
  • the aforementioned, conically tapered boom part can, for example, connect directly to the braced inner boom part or be attached to it be.
  • at least one boom part of constant, relatively large boom height can first be attached to the inner, braced boom part, and the conically tapering boom piece can then be attached to this.
  • several further boom parts can be attached than on the inner side of the said conical boom part.
  • a part of the non-braced outer boom part that is tapered in the boom height can be more than a quarter or more than a third or even more than half of the total length of the outer, non-braced boom part, with the entire outer, non-braced boom part, for example, continuously tapering can be.
  • the length ratio between its inner section of greater height and its outer section of reduced height can be selected to be different, with the inner boom section of greater height tending to be shorter than the outer section of reduced height.
  • the inner jib section of greater height can be longer than the outer jib section of reduced height, with the sections of smaller and greater height each meaning sections of the outer, non-braced jib part.
  • the inner boom section of greater height makes up about 15% to 60%, preferably 30% to 40% of the total length of the outer, untensioned boom part, while the outer boom section of reduced height has a length of 40% to 85% %, in particular about 60% to 70% of the total length of the unrestrained outer boom part.
  • the strength of the reduction in the boom height can be dimensioned differently, for example a height reduction of at least 20% or at least 30% or at least 40% can be provided, ie the boom part of smaller height has a boom height of less than 80% or less than 70% or less than 60% of the boom height of the boom part of greater height. If only a conically tapering boom part is provided, its height at the outer end can be, for example, less than 80% or less than 70% or less than 60% of its height at the inner end.
  • the inner, guyed part of the boom can also be kept shorter than the aforementioned 40% of the total length of the boom.
  • the first third or the first quarter of the jib can be guyed, i.e. the attachment point of the outermost guy rope or the outermost guy rod can be at 25% or 33% of the total length of the jib (if the length counting is started on the tower, i.e. the the jib section hinged to the tower is length 0% and the jib tip 100%).
  • the bracing can also be shortened even further, so that the outermost bracing point is, for example, only 20% or 15% of the jib length.
  • the anchoring point - or the outermost anchorage point in the case of several attachment points in a multi-leg guying system - can be around 20-25 m.
  • the height of the top of the tower, from which the bracing is guided to the jib, can advantageously be kept very small in order not to increase the overall height of the crane significantly above the upper edge of the jib.
  • the top of the tower can be less than twice as high as the boom height.
  • the upper end of the spire can be about 20% to 100% or 40% to 60% of the boom height above the top chord of the boom, if 100% is the maximum boom height.
  • the top of the tower can for example be 50 cm to 2.5 m or 1 m to 1.5 m above the top edge of the boom.
  • the said spire can extend approximately vertically above the tower and continue it vertically upwards, so to speak.
  • the tower tip can also be inclined, for example arranged at an acute angle to the longitudinal axis of the tower tilted backwards towards the counter-jib or arranged tilted towards the front towards the jib.
  • the bracing can also be led to the rear of the counter jib and attached there in front of the ballast weight on the counter jib.
  • a hoist in particular a hoist winch with drive and possibly gearbox, can advantageously be arranged on the counter-jib, in particular in a counter-jib section which adjoins the ballast weight on the inside and is adjacent to the ballast weight.
  • the lifting mechanism can be arranged between the ballast weight and the anchor point of the bracing on the counter-jib. This results in an overall positive distribution of the total weight and the counterweight balance, to which the mentioned hoist winch arrangement contributes.
  • the hoist winch or the hoist mechanism can be spaced further from the tower than the anchorage point of the bracing.
  • the inner, guyed boom part can also have a length that changes Own boom height.
  • the inner, braced boom part can also have at least one conically tapering boom part that, for example, can form the articulation piece with which the boom is hinged to the tower.
  • the section of the inner, braced boom part which tapers in the boom height can advantageously amount to at least 30% or more than 40% of the total length of the inner, braced boom part.
  • the tapering of the boom height of the inner, braced boom part can be designed in one or more stages.
  • the inner, braced boom part can also be tapered steplessly, continuously over essentially its entire length in the boom height, the boom height tapering towards the tower.
  • the boom can advantageously be designed as a truss boom in which several longitudinal chords are connected to one another by cross braces.
  • the boom can be designed as a three-chord boom with an upper chord and two lower chords as longitudinal chords. In this way, high strengths can be achieved with low manufacturing costs, with a small area exposed to wind being achieved at the same time, which is particularly important in the case of large cranes with high overhangs.
  • bracing on the one hand and the boom on the other hand can be made of different materials.
  • the jib parts in particular their upper and lower chords, can advantageously be made of fine-grain structural steel, so that swelling loads can be absorbed well.
  • the bracing could in principle also be formed from steel, in particular a steel rod or a steel cable.
  • the bracing can be constructed from plastic fibers, in particular from a high-strength fiber rope or in the form of laminated, plastic-fiber-reinforced bracing rods.
  • the tower crane 1 comprises an upright tower 2, which can be designed as a bar framework and, for example, have a rectangular cross-section.
  • a boom 3 is articulated, which is usually aligned lying, in particular approximately horizontally.
  • a counter-boom 4 can be provided, which can also be arranged lying down, in particular horizontally, and can carry a ballast weight 5.
  • a trolley 6 can be arranged to be longitudinally displaceable on the boom 3 in a manner known per se in order to be able to lower and lift the hoisting rope 7 and the load hook connected to it closer to the tower 2 or further away from the tower 2.
  • the hoisting rope 7 can advantageously be lowered and raised with the aid of a hoisting mechanism 8, which is located on the counter jib 4 in the vicinity can be arranged to the ballast weight 5, in particular directly in front of the ballast weight 5.
  • Fig. 1 shows, the jib 3 and the counter jib 4 are braced by means of a bracing 9, the said bracing 9 being guided over a tower top 10 or being attached there.
  • Said spire 10 can extend upright from the upper end of the tower 2, to which the boom 3 is articulated, upwards beyond the boom 3.
  • the said bracing 9 is made very flat and short, so that the angle of inclination of the bracing 9, which leads to the boom 3, can be only a few degrees.
  • the spire 10 can protrude only a relatively small piece 11 over the top of the boom 3.
  • the above-mentioned protrusion 11 of the spire 10 beyond the top of the boom 3 can be in particular about 20% to 100%, but possibly also in the range from 20% to 150% or 30% to 100% or 40% to 70% of the maximum Boom height AH of boom 3, cf. Fig. 1 .
  • the articulation point 12 of the guying 9 on the boom 3 can be relatively close to the tower 2, the spacing of the said articulation point 12 from the tower 2 being less than 40% or less than 30% or less than 20% of the total length of the boom 3. If the bracing 9 is multi-legged so that it has several articulation points on the boom 3, the outermost articulation point 12, i.e. the articulation point 12 which is farthest from the tower 2, is spaced from the tower 2 in the manner mentioned.
  • the bracing 9 can advantageously have only one point of articulation on the boom 3, although two guy ropes or rods could still be provided when viewed from above, which are then attached to the boom at the same distance from the tower.
  • the articulation point 12 can be arranged at a distance of approx. 20-25 m from the tower 2, so that an outer, non-braced boom part 3a has a length of 60 m or more owns. It goes without saying that, in principle, other jib lengths can be used with bracing ratios that remain the same in relation to each other.
  • Said outer, non-guyed boom part 3a can therefore be at least twice or even three times or even more than three times as long as the inner, guyed boom part 3i, which extends from tower 2 to the outermost articulation point 2 of bracing 9.
  • the outer boom part 3a which remains untensioned, is adapted to the loads in its boom height AH.
  • the outer boom part 3a has at least one conically tapering or vertically tapering boom part 3k, the inner end of which has a greater boom height than its outer end.
  • the inner end means the end closer to the tower 2 and the outer end means the end further spaced from the tower 2.
  • Fig. 1 can be connected to the mentioned boom part 3k, which tapers conically towards the boom tip, a boom part 3gh with a relatively greater height on the inside and a boom part 3kh with a relatively smaller boom height on the outside, the said greater boom height in particular the height of the inner end of the conically tapering boom part 3k and the said smaller height can correspond to the height of the outer end of the conical boom part 3k.
  • the inner boom part 3gh with a relatively greater height can tend to be shorter than the outer boom part 3kh with a relatively smaller boom height.
  • the length ratios of the jib parts with larger and smaller heights can be chosen to be different, with advantageously, the inner boom part gh of greater height can have a length l 3gh which can be in the range of 15% to 60%, in particular about 30% to 40% of the total length l 3a of the outer, unrestrained boom part 3a.
  • the outer boom part 3kh with a relatively smaller height can have a length l 3kh which can be in the range of 40% to 85%, in particular about 60% to 70% of the total length l 3a of the outer, non-braced boom part 3a, cf. Figure 1 .
  • Fig. 1 shows, the inside and outside of the conical boom part 3k adjoining boom parts each have a constant boom height AH, so that the unrestrained, outer boom part 3a has only one tapering step at which the boom height AH is reduced.
  • the outer, non-braced boom part 3a it would also be possible for the outer, non-braced boom part 3a to continuously decrease or taper in boom height essentially over its entire length, i.e. from the articulation point 12 of the bracing 9 to the boom tip.
  • the outer boom part 3a can each comprise two boom parts of greater height, two boom parts of smaller height and said conical boom part.
  • Fig. 2 shows, the height step at which the boom height of the outer, non-braced boom part decreases, but can also be moved further inwards, for example in such a way that only one boom part of greater height on the inside and two boom parts of smaller height connect to the conical boom part on the outside. If necessary, it would also be conceivable to provide the conically tapered boom part directly at the articulation point 12 of the bracing 9 and to attach it directly to the braced inner boom part 3i.
  • the inner, braced jib part 3i can also have at least one jib part 3k which tapers in the jib height AH, the jib height AH here decreasing towards the tower 2.
  • Said conical boom part 3k of the inner, braced boom part 3i can in particular form the articulation piece of the boom 3 with which the boom 3 is articulated on the tower 2.
  • the length of the tapering inner boom part can advantageously be more than 25% or more than 33% and also about 50% of the length of the inner, braced boom part 3i.
  • the boom 3 can advantageously be constructed as a girder and be composed of several rigid boom parts which can each be rigidly connected to one another, for example by a bolt connection and / or a lockable plug connection.
  • the boom parts can each have a plurality of longitudinal chords that are rigidly connected to one another by cross struts.
  • the boom 3 can advantageously be constructed as a three-chord profile which has an upper chord and two lower chords as longitudinal chords.
  • the boom 3 can advantageously be constructed from steel profiles, which can in particular be made from fine-grain structural steel.
  • the bracing 9 advantageously comprises synthetic fibers, it being possible, for example, to provide a high-strength fiber rope and / or a laminated, synthetic fiber-reinforced bracing rod.
  • the tower crane 1 can be designed as a top-slewing device in which the boom 3 can be rotated relative to the tower 2 about an upright axis.
  • the tower crane 1 can also be designed as a bottom-slewing device, in which the boom 3 can be rotated together with the tower 2 about an upright axis.
EP18762830.0A 2017-09-01 2018-08-31 Turmdrehkran Active EP3658482B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE202017105291 2017-09-01
DE202017107301.7U DE202017107301U1 (de) 2017-09-01 2017-11-30 Turmdrehkran
PCT/EP2018/073463 WO2019043156A1 (de) 2017-09-01 2018-08-31 Turmdrehkran

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3658482A1 EP3658482A1 (de) 2020-06-03
EP3658482B1 true EP3658482B1 (de) 2021-11-10

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP18762830.0A Active EP3658482B1 (de) 2017-09-01 2018-08-31 Turmdrehkran

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US11459217B2 (zh)
EP (1) EP3658482B1 (zh)
CN (1) CN111278761B (zh)
DE (1) DE202017107301U1 (zh)
ES (1) ES2905893T3 (zh)
WO (1) WO2019043156A1 (zh)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102020129454B4 (de) 2020-11-09 2023-08-17 Tadano Demag Gmbh Fahrzeugkran mit einem Auslegersystem
DE102020134714B4 (de) 2020-12-22 2023-09-28 Tadano Demag Gmbh Fahrzeugkran mit einem wippbaren Hauptausleger und mit einem Zusatzauslegersystem
CN114352024A (zh) * 2021-12-17 2022-04-15 中联重科建筑机械(江苏)有限责任公司 塔式布料机

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FR1454560A (fr) * 1965-08-10 1966-10-07 Potain & Cie Ets F Procédé pour le montage des grues ou analogues à mât télescopique, et appareils permettant sa mise en oeuvre
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
RU2020112227A3 (zh) 2021-12-24
US11459217B2 (en) 2022-10-04
ES2905893T3 (es) 2022-04-12
RU2020112227A (ru) 2021-10-04
CN111278761B (zh) 2022-04-01
EP3658482A1 (de) 2020-06-03
CN111278761A (zh) 2020-06-12
DE202017107301U1 (de) 2018-12-07
BR112020003897A2 (pt) 2020-09-01
WO2019043156A1 (de) 2019-03-07
US20200361753A1 (en) 2020-11-19

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