EP3639896B1

EP3639896B1 - Fire/disaster evacuation facility for building

Info

Publication number: EP3639896B1
Application number: EP18818328.9A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Soon Mo Ryu; Jae Sik Kang
Original assignee: Korea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology KICT
Current assignee: Korea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology KICT
Priority date: 2017-06-16
Filing date: 2018-04-26
Publication date: 2022-05-11
Anticipated expiration: 2038-04-26
Also published as: JP6949147B2; EP3639896A4; WO2018230837A1; JP2020523507A; CN110799250B; ES2920530T3; CN110799250A; KR101782139B1; EP3639896A1

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present invention relates to a fire/disaster evacuation facility for building, more specifically to the fire/disaster evacuation facility for building that is used as a balcony parapet to prevent falling in ordinary day without fire risk, and whose structure is converted into a fire and a disaster evacuation facility for residents isolated by the fire to be safely evacuated to the ground when the fire occurs.

BACKGROUND ART

Commonly, the high-rise buildings are increasing in the present day in order to make effective use of a small site and to expand a living space of the building. A main entrance door for human access is usually prepared in the high-rise buildings, a veranda is installed in the opposite side of the main entrance door, and a safety parapet for preventing falling is installed on the veranda.
Such high-rise buildings have an advantage of being able to accommodate a large number of people in the small site, and it is possible to look down the scenery in the high building, and have an advantage of having various convenience facilities inside.
However, the high-rise buildings have a disadvantage of having a high frequency of fires due to the residence of many people inside the buildings soared on the small site, and have a problem that once a fire occurred, it could lead to a mass mortality event.
Meanwhile, there is a way to avoid the fire by using a descending life line installed in the veranda to solve this problem. However, the descending life line has a problem that is difficult for the general public to operate it, and the other problem of the descending life line is that people cannot overcome their anxiety of using the descending life line in addition to their fear of fire because of the burden of putting the weight of the user on one rope.
KR101055294B1 represents the closest prior art for this application. Meanwhile, as a another prior art of this invention, "A safety balustrade for fire-escaping" of Korean patent registration number "10-0927317 " has been filed and registered. The safety balustrade for fire-escaping may consist of: a first frame blocking the upper glass wall in ordinary day without fire risk, and being pivoted by a hinge fixed to the outer wall of the building and facing the lower glass wall or the lower outer wall in the event of fire; a second frame being placed between the first frame and the upper glass wall to block the upper glass wall in ordinary day without fire risk, and being pivoted to direction of the lower glass wall or the lower outer wall along the first frame in the event of fire; a stepping board, wherein its two ends of one side and two ends of the other side are connected to the first frame and the second frame respectively and it is erected abreast with the upper glass wall to prevent falling accident of upper floor residents in ordinary day without fire risk, and when the first frame and the second frame are pivoted to the direction of the lower glass wall and the lower outer wall, the stepping board is unfolded in the orthogonal direction between the first frame and the second frame in a state of being connected to the first frame and the second frame to provide a stepping space at the same time as widening the gap between the first frame and the second frame; and fixing means which fixes the one side of the second frame to the upper building structure for the first frame and the second frame not to be pivoted to the lower glass wall or the lower outer wall by the hinge in ordinary day without fire risk.

DISCLOSURE

Technical Problem

An objective of the present invention is to solve such problems and is to provide the fire/disaster evacuation facility for building which allows people who are isolated in the high-rise building to descend safely to the ground through the veranda when the fire occurs in a high-rise building.

Technical Solution

In order to achieve the above objects, a fire/disaster evacuation facility for building according to claim 1 is disclosed.

Advantageous Effects

According to the present invention, the fire/disaster evacuation facility for building comprised of such structure is used as a safety parapet for preventing falling in ordinary day without fire risk, and its structure is converted to be used as an evacuation facility for fire evacuation to reduce damage for humans when the fire occurs.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 shows the state in which the present invention is installed in a veranda or a balcony in ordinary day without fire risk and used as a safety parapet for preventing falling.
FIG. 2 shows the state in which the structure of the present invention installed in a veranda or a balcony is converted to be used as a passageway for fire evacuation.
FIG. 3 is a view from the back of the present invention in ordinary day without fire risk.
FIG. 4 shows a side folding ascending/descending means folded (stacked) between an outer frame and a wall-fixed frame which are facing each other in ordinary day without fire risk.
FIG. 5 shows a side folding ascending/descending means unfolded in a straight form when the fire occurs.
FIG. 6 shows the bottom of the present invention whose structure is converted into a passageway for fire evacuation when the fire occurs.
FIG. 7 is a view from the sides of the present invention whose structure is converted into a passageway for fire evacuation.
FIG. 8 shows a reinforcement chain which is installed on the lower of an outer frame and a wall-fixed frame.
FIG. 9 shows an outer frame locking means equipped to a wall-fixed frame, a locking bar fixing bracket equipped to the outer frame and a locking bar
FIG. 10 is a view from the above of a locking bar equipped to a locking bar fixing bracket.
FIG. 11 is a view from the side of a locking bar equipped to a locking bar fixing bracket.
FIG. 12 shows an outer frame locking means holding a locking bar.
FIG. 13 shows the state of a locking bar escaped from an outer frame locking means.
FIG. 14 is a front view of an upper evacuation structure converting means.
FIG. 15 is a sectional view cut in the transverse direction of an upper evacuation structure converting means.
FIG. 16 is a sectional view cut in the longitudinal direction of an upper evacuation structure converting means.
FIG. 17 is a view of the present invention from the inside of the building in ordinary day without fire risk.
FIG. 18 is a view of the present invention from the inside of the building when the structure of the present invention is converted into a passageway for fire evacuation when the fire occurs.

* Reference numeral*

1: a wall-fixed frame
3: an outer frame
5: a first side wall
7: a second side wall
9: a side folding ascending/descending means
11. a first lower board
13: a second lower board
15: a lower folding foothold
17: an emergency exit
19: a folding emergency exit opening and closing means
21: an upper handle
23: an upper evacuation structure converting means
25: a lower handle
27: a lower evacuation structure converting means
29: a reinforcement chain
31: a first opening and closing door
33: a second opening and closing door
35: an opening and closing door hinge
37: a stopping board
39: a lower shock absorber
41: a "⊏" shaped knob
43: a locking bar fixing bracket
45: a locking bar
47: a hanging hook
49: an outer frame locking means
51: an upper shock absorber
53: a handle bundle
55: a handle bracket
57: a rotating bolt
59: a first nut
61: a lever
63: a second nut
65: a wire
67: a handle cover
69: a circular hole
71: a circular groove
73: a first rotating bolt through-hole
75: an inner rotating plate
77: an outer rotating plate

Mode for Invention

Hereinafter, the present invention is explained in detailed with reference to the attached drawings.
As seen in figures no 1 to 7, a fire/disaster evacuation facility for building according to the present invention comprises a wall-fixed frame (1) which is fixedly installed on an outer wall of a building facing against a balcony or veranda of the building as a square frame shape; an outer frame (3) which is installed in front of the wall-fixed frame (1) as a front closed square frame shape; a side folding ascending/descending means (9) which comprises a pair of a first side wall (5) and a second side wall (7) which are installed in right and left sides of the wall-fixed frame (1) and the outer frame (3), and are folded or unfolded with hinge-combination, wherein front upper and lower sides of the first side wall (5) are axially fixed to the outer frame (3), and rear upper and lower sides of the second side wall (7) are axially fixed to the wall-fixed frame (1); a lower folding foothold (15) which comprises a first lower board (11) and a second lower board (13) which are installed under the wall-fixed frame (1) and the outer frame (3), and are folded or unfolded with hinge-combined, wherein front upper and lower sides of the first lower board (11) is axially fixed to the outer frame (3), rear upper and lower sides of the second lower board (13) is axially fixed to the wall-fixed frame (1); an emergency exit (17) which enables a man to move to a lower floor through the lower folding foothold (15) when a fire occurs; a folding emergency exit opening and closing means (19) which opens or closes the exit (17) by opening or closing in an installed state to the emergency exit (17), and is folded according to the lower folding foothold (15) when the lower folding foothold (15) is folded, and is unfolded according to the lower folding foothold (15) when the lower folding foothold (15) is unfolded; an upper evacuation structure converting means (23) which provides an evacuation passageway by unfolding the side folding ascending/descending means (9) folded (stacked) between the wall-fixed frame (1) and the outer frame (3), the lower folding foothold (15), and emergency exit opening and closing means (19) according to operating an upper handle (21), when the fire occurs, and, at the same time, by pushing the outer frame (3) to a front of a high-rise building; and

a lower evacuation structure converting means (27) which provides an evacuation passageway by unfolding the side folding ascending/descending means (9) folded (stacked) between the outer frame (3) and the wall-fixed frame (1) installed on the lower floor, the lower folding foothold (15), and the folding emergency exit opening and closing means (19) according to operating a lower handle (25) and, at the same time, by pushing the outer frame (3) installed on the lower floor to the front of the building when the fire or disaster occurs;
the side folding ascending/descending means (9) and the lower folding foothold (15) and the folding emergency exit opening and closing means (19) are stacked between the wall-fixed frame (1) and the outer frame (3) and are used for a safety parapet for preventing falling in ordinary day in a state that the wall-fixed frame (1) and the outer frame (3) face against each other, when the fire or disaster occurs, if the upper and lower handles (21, 25) are operated, the lower folding foothold (15) and the folding emergency exit opening and closing means (19), and the side folding ascending/descending means (9) which are structurally converted to the fire or disaster evacuation, and which are stacked by the upper and lower evacuation structure converting means (23, 27), and which are installed on the current floor and the lower floor, are unfolded, at the same time, and the outer frame (3) moves to the front of the building; wherein an evacuating person opens the folding emergency exit opening and closing means (19) installed on the current floor and then shelters him/herself from the fire or disaster by performing moving process in a direction of the emergency exit (17) of the lower floor through the emergency exit (17).

The first side wall (5) and the second side wall (7) installed to opens the folding emergency exit opening and closing means (19) are processed in a frame shaping a ladder form thus a man who evacuates from the fire or disaster can move to the lower floor by riding on the first side wall (5) and the second side wall (7).
As seen in Figure 6, the folding emergency exit opening and closing means (19) comprises a first opening and closing door (31) which blocks the emergency exit (17) penetrating the first lower board (11) and is hinge-combined to a front edge of the emergency exit (17), a second opening and closing door (33) which blocks the emergency exit (17) penetrating the second lower board (13), and an opening and closing door hinge (35) which connects the first opening and closing door (31) and the second opening and closing door (33).
The opening and closing door hinge (35) is placed on a continuous line with a hinge equipped to the lower folding foothold (15) and the first opening and closing door (31) and the second opening and closing door (33) are folded or unfolded according to the lower folding foothold (15).
Also, a stopping board (37) is additionally attached on an edge of the second opening and closing door (33) coming into contact with the emergency exit (17), so that the stopping board is projected in a backward of the second opening and closing door (33) from the second opening and closing door (33) and hangs on an edge of the emergency exit (17) and prevent the second opening and closing door (33) from being axially rotated in a downward direction of the emergency exit (17) when the second opening and closing door (33) blocks the emergency exit (17).
Also, a lower shock absorber (39) is equipped, whose one end is axially fixed to the first opening and closing door (31) and the other end is axially fixed to the first lower board (11) and pushes up an open folding emergency exit opening and closing means (19) with a power between the first lower board (11) and the first opening and closing door (31).
Also, a "⊏" shaped knob (41) is equipped on an upper side of the second opening and closing door (33).
As seen in Figure 8, both lower sides of the wall fixed frame (1) spaced by a predetermined height from the side folding ascending/descending means (9) is mounted with a reinforcement chain (29) connecting the wall fixed frame (1) and the outer frame (3).
As seen in Figures 4, 9 to 13, the upper evacuation structure converting means (23) comprises a locking bar fixing bracket (43) that is fixedly equipped to an upper side of the outer frame (3) and is projected in a direction of the wall-fixed frame (1), a locking bar (45) whose upper side is fixed and installed to a lower rear side of the locking bar fixing bracket (43) as a straight bar standing in a vertical direction, an outer frame locking means (49) that comprises a hanging hook (47) which when facing the locking bar (45), the locking bar (45) is fixed over and which is interlocked with the upper handle (21) and is elastically shaft-rotated according to operation of the upper handler (21) and releases the held locking bar (45), and that is equipped to the upper side of the wall-fixed frame (1) facing the locking bar (45), and a pair of upper shock absorber (51) whose one end is axially fixed to the upper side of the wall-fixed frame (1) and whose the other end is fixed to the second side wall (7) of the side folding ascending/descending means (9) installed to left or right side of the wall-fixed frame (1) so that if the locking bar (45) escapes from the hanging hook (47) which pushes the second side wall (7) shaft-rotating and coming into contact with the wall-fixed frame (1) to move the outer frame (3) forward, at the same time, and unfolds the side folding ascending/descending means (9), the lower folding foothold (15) and the folding emergency opening and closing means (19) that are folded.
As seen in Figures 14 to 16, the upper evacuation structure converting means (23) comprises a handle bundle (53) which is equipped with the upper handle (21) shaft-rotating clockwise or counterclockwise on a front, a handle bracket (55) which is equipped to a rear side of the handle bundle (53), a rotating bolt (57) which passes through the handle bracket (55), extends to a rear of the handle bundle (53) and rotates according to the upper handle (21), a first nut (59) which fastens to the rotating bolt (57), a lever (61) of which one side is penetrated and fixed to the rotating bolt (57), and rotates according to the rotating bolt (57) as a bar shape, a second nut (63) which holds the lever (61) fastened to the rotating bolt (57) and inserted to the rotating bolt (57) with the first nut (59), a wire (65) of which one side is fixed to the other side of the lever (61) and of which the other end is connected with the outer frame locking means (49), and a handle cover (67) which covers the handle bracket (55) equipped with the rotating volt (57), the first nut (59), the lever (61), the second nut (63), and the wire (65), wherein if the upper handle (21) is rotated in any direction, the wire (61) which is connected to the lever (61) is pulled, wherein the hanging hook (47) prepared to the outer frame locking means (49) is shaft-rotated by the pulled wire (65), at the same time, and releases the locking bar (45) which is held.
As seen in Figure 15, the handle bracket (55) is penetrated a circular hole (69) forming concentric with the rotating bolt (57), and a rear side of the handle bundle (53) is formed a circular groove (71) concentric with the circular hole (69), the circular groove (71) is inserted an inner rotating plate (75) through which a first rotating bolt through-hole (73), through which the rotating bolt (57) is penetrated, is penetrated, as a shape of rotating plate , and an outer rotating plate (77), which is combined with the inner rotating plate (75) via a bolt and which is inserted to the circular groove (71) and in whose center the rotating bolt (57) is penetrated and connected, sits on the inner rotating plate (75), as a shape of rotating plate. The inner rotating plate (75) and the outer rotating plate (77) distributes the weight applied to the rotating bolt (57), and at the same time, prevents the rotation center of the rotating bolt (57) from being disturbed.
The lower evacuation structure converting means (27) is the same as the upper evacuation structure converting means (23) in terms of general structure except that the locking bar 45, which is held by the hanging hook (47) installed on the lower floor when the lower handle (25) is operated, comes out from the hanging hook (47), therefore its detailed description is omitted.
Referring to FIGS. 1 to 18, a process of operating a fire/disaster evacuation facility in a building according to the present invention having the structure as described above is as follows.
When a fire occurs inside a high-rise building and the upper handle (21) and the lower handle (25) are operated, the locking bar (45) installed on the current floor and the lower floor is released from the hanging hook (47).
In addition, the upper shock absorber (51) installed on the current layer and the lower layer pushes the second side wall (7), and the first side wall (5) and the second side wall (7) are unfolded in a straight line shape and at the same time moves the outer frame (3) forward, the first lower plate (11), the second lower plate (13), and the first opening and closing door (31) and the second opening and closing door (33), which were folded, are unfolded in a straight form.
A man who evacuates from the fire or disaster can move downstairs through the emergency exit (17) by climbing on the first lower plate (11) and the second lower plate (13) that are unfolded, and then lifting up the" ⊏" shaped knob (41) mounted on the second opening and closing door (33) thereby opening the emergency exit 17.
The fire / disaster evacuation facility in a building according to the present invention having such a structure may be used as a safety barrier for preventing fall during normal times without a risk of fire or disaster, and may be changed to a shelter facility for evacuation when a fire or disaster occurs.

Claims

A fire/disaster evacuation facility for building comprising:
a wall-fixed frame (1) which is configured to be fixedly installed on an outer wall of a building facing against a balcony or veranda of the building as a rectangular frame shape comprising a bottom side and an upper side opposite to the bottom side,

an outer frame (3) which is installed in front of the wall-fixed frame (1) as a front closed rectangular frame shape comprising a bottom side and an upper side opposite to the bottom side,

a side folding ascending/descending means (9) which comprises a pair of a first side wall (5) and a second side wall (7), the side walls (5, 7) comprising an upper side, a lower side opposite to the upper side, a rear side and a front side opposite to the rear side:

wherein one first side wall (5) is pivotably connected at its upper and bottom sides of the rear side on the left side of the outer frame (3) and the other first side wall (5) is pivotably connected at its upper and bottom sides of the rear side on the right side of the outer frame (3), and one second side wall (7) is pivotably connected at its upper and bottom sides of the front side on the left side of the wall fixed frame (1) and the other the second side wall (7) is pivotably connected at its upper and bottom sides of the front side on the right side of the wall fixed frame (1); the front side of the first side walls (5) is pivotably connected by a hinge to the rear side of the second side wall (7)

a lower folding foothold (15) which comprises

a first lower board (11) wherein the first lower board (11) is hingedly connected to the bottom side of the outer frame (3), and a second lower board (13) wherein the second lower board (13) is hingedly connected to the bottom side of the wall-fixed frame (1), the side of first the lower board (11) opposite to the side connected to the outer frame (3) is hingedly connected to the side of the second lower board (13) opposite to the side connected to the wall fixed frame (3);

an emergency exit (17) which enables a man to move to a lower floor through the lower folding foothold (15) when a fire or disaster occurs;

a folding emergency exit opening and closing means (19) which opens or closes the exit (17) by opening or closing in an installed state to the emergency exit (17), and is folded according to the lower folding foothold (15) when the lower folding foothold (15) is folded, and is unfolded according to the lower folding foothold (15) when the lower folding foothold (15) is unfolded;

an upper evacuation structure converting means (23) which provides an evacuation passageway by unfolding the side folding ascending/descending means (9) folded (stacked) between the wall-fixed frame (1) and the outer frame (3), the lower folding foothold (15), and emergency exit opening and closing means (19) according to operating an upper handle (21), when the fire occurs, and, at the same time, by pushing the outer frame (3) to a front of a high-rise building; and

a lower evacuation structure converting means (27) which provides an evacuation passageway by unfolding the side folding ascending/descending means (9) folded (stacked) between the outer frame (3) and the wall-fixed frame (1) installed on the lower floor, the lower folding foothold (15), and the folding emergency exit opening and closing means (19) according to operating a lower handle (25) and, at the same time, by pushing the outer frame (3) installed on the lower floor to the front of the building when the fire or disaster occurs;

the side folding ascending/descending means (9) and the lower folding foothold (15) and the folding emergency exit opening and closing means (19) are stacked between the wall-fixed frame (1) and the outer frame (3) and are used for a safety parapet for preventing falling in ordinary day in a state that the wall-fixed frame (1) and the outer frame (3) face against each other, when the fire or disaster occurs, if the upper and lower handles (21, 25) are operated, the lower folding foothold (15) and the folding emergency exit opening and closing means (19), and the side folding ascending/descending means (9) which are structurally converted to the fire evacuation, and which are stacked by the upper and lower evacuation structure converting means (23, 27), and which are installed on the current floor and the lower floor, are unfolded, at the same time, and the outer frame (3) moves from a collapsed position in which it is resting parallel against the wall-fixed frame (1) to an extended position in which is parallel to the wall-fixed frame (1) and away from it;

wherein an evacuating person opens the folding emergency exit opening and closing means (19) installed on the current floor and then shelters him/herself from the fire or disaster by performing moving process in a direction of the emergency exit (17) of the lower floor through the emergency exit (17);

wherein the folding emergency exit opening and closing means (19) comprising

a first opening and closing door (31) which blocks the emergency exit (17) penetrating the first lower board (11) and is hinge-combined to a front edge of the emergency exit (17),

a second opening and closing door (33) which blocks the emergency exit (17) penetrating the second lower board (13), and

an opening and closing door hinge (35) which connects the first opening and closing door (31) and the second opening and closing door (33);

wherein the opening and closing door hinge (35) is placed on a continuous line with a hinge equipped to the lower folding foothold (15) and the first opening and closing door (31) and the second opening and closing door (33) are folded or unfolded according to the lower folding foothold (15);

wherein a stopping board (37) is additionally attached on an edge of the second opening and closing door (33) coming into contact with the emergency exit (17), so that the stopping board is projected in a backward of the second opening and closing door (33) from the second opening and closing door (33) and hangs on an edge of the emergency exit (17) and prevent the second opening and closing door (33) from being axially rotated in a downward direction of the emergency exit (17) when the second opening and closing door (33) blocks the emergency exit (17);

wherein a lower shock absorber (39) is equipped, whose one end is axially fixed to the first opening and closing door (31) and the other end is axially fixed to the first lower board (11) and pushes up an open folding emergency exit opening and closing means (19) with a power between the first lower board (11) and the first opening and closing door (31);

a "⊏" shaped knob (41) is equipped on an upper side of the second opening and closing door (33).
The fire/disaster evacuation facility for building according to claim 1,
wherein the upper evacuation structure converting means (23) comprises:
a locking bar fixing bracket (43) that is fixedly equipped to an upper side of the outer frame (3) and is projected in a direction of the wall-fixed frame (1),

a locking bar (45) whose upper side is fixed and installed to a lower rear side of the locking bar fixing bracket (43) as a straight bar standing in a vertical direction,

an outer frame locking means (49) that comprises a hanging hook (47) which when facing the locking bar (45), the locking bar (45) is fixed over and which is interlocked with the upper handle (21) and is elastically shaft-rotated according to operation of the upper handler (21) and releases the held locking bar (45), and that is equipped to the upper side of the wall-fixed frame (1) facing the locking bar (45), and

a pair of upper shock absorber (51) whose one end is axially fixed to the upper side of the wall-fixed frame (1) and whose the other end is fixed to the second side wall (7) of the side folding ascending/descending means (9) installed to left or right side of the wall-fixed frame (1) so that if the locking bar (45) escapes from the hanging hook (47) which pushes the second side wall (7) shaft-rotating and coming into contact with the wall-fixed frame (1) to move the outer frame (3) forward, at the same time, and unfolds the side folding ascending/descending means (9), the lower folding foothold (15) and the folding emergency opening and closing means (19) that are folded.
The fire/disaster evacuation facility for building according to claim 2,
wherein the upper evacuation structure converting means (23) comprises

a handle bundle (53) which is equipped with the upper handle (21) shaft-rotating clockwise or counterclockwise on a front,

a handle bracket (55) which is equipped to a rear side of the handle bundle (53),

a rotating bolt (57) which passes through the handle bracket (55), extends to a rear of the handle bundle (53) and rotates according to the upper handle (21),

a first nut (59) which fastens to the rotating bolt (57),

a lever (61) of which one side is penetrated and fixed to the rotating bolt (57), and rotates according to the rotating bolt (57) as a bar shape,

a second nut (63) which holds the lever (61) fastened to the rotating bolt (57) and inserted to the rotating bolt (57) with the first nut (59),

a wire (65) of which one side is fixed to the other side of the lever (61) and of which the other end is connected with the outer frame locking means (49), and

a handle cover (67) which covers the handle bracket (55) equipped with the rotating bolt (57), the first nut (59), the lever (61), the second nut (63), and the wire (65),

wherein if the upper handle (21) is rotated in any direction, the wire (61) which is connected to the lever (61) is pulled,
wherein the hanging hook (47) prepared to the outer frame locking means (49) is shaft-rotated by the pulled wire (65), at the same time, and releases the locking bar (45) which is held.