Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
  • B44C—PRODUCING DECORATIVE EFFECTS; MOSAICS; TARSIA WORK; PAPERHANGING
  • B44C1/00—Processes, not specifically provided for elsewhere, for producing decorative surface effects
  • B44C1/16—Processes, not specifically provided for elsewhere, for producing decorative surface effects for applying transfer pictures or the like
  • B44C1/165—Processes, not specifically provided for elsewhere, for producing decorative surface effects for applying transfer pictures or the like for decalcomanias; sheet material therefor
  • B44C1/175—Transfer using solvent
  • B44C1/1758—Decalcomanias applied under pressure only, e.g. provided with a pressure sensitive layer
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
  • B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
  • B41J2/00—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed
  • B41J2/005—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed characterised by bringing liquid or particles selectively into contact with a printing material
  • B41J2/0057—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed characterised by bringing liquid or particles selectively into contact with a printing material where an intermediate transfer member receives the ink before transferring it on the printing material
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
  • B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
  • B41M3/00—Printing processes to produce particular kinds of printed work, e.g. patterns
  • B41M3/12—Transfer pictures or the like, e.g. decalcomanias
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
  • B44C—PRODUCING DECORATIVE EFFECTS; MOSAICS; TARSIA WORK; PAPERHANGING
  • B44C1/00—Processes, not specifically provided for elsewhere, for producing decorative surface effects
  • B44C1/16—Processes, not specifically provided for elsewhere, for producing decorative surface effects for applying transfer pictures or the like
  • B44C1/165—Processes, not specifically provided for elsewhere, for producing decorative surface effects for applying transfer pictures or the like for decalcomanias; sheet material therefor
  • B44C1/175—Transfer using solvent
  • B44C1/1756—Decalcomanias applied under heat and pressure, e.g. provided with a heat activable adhesive

Definitions

• the invention relates to a method for the production of a decal and a decal and to a device for producing a decal and a method for decorating surfaces of objects.
• the waterslide method is known.
• the different layers of a decor are printed by screen printing on a transfer paper.
• the disadvantage here is that for each print a custom-made screen stencil needed and thus must be made.
• the method is therefore for individual use, where only a few identical decors are needed, not to use efficiently by the variety of necessary screen printing stencils.
• the process is also time consuming and thus costly.
• the process steps preferably take place in the order indicated.
• a decal in particular obtainable by a method according to the invention, comprising a transfer paper and a decoration detachable from the transfer paper, the decor being a primer printed by means of inkjet, a decor layer of a stamping foil and optionally a color printed by inkjet and / or or ink layer and / or printed by means of an inkjet protective lacquer.
• a device for producing a decal comprising a transfer paper and at least one decor, comprising:
• At least one first inkjet printhead for printing a primer on the transfer paper and / or on a stamping foil having a decorative layer and a carrier ply, and an embossing station arranged in the conveying direction of the transfer paper downstream of the first inkjet printhead for applying the
• decals can be produced, in particular, quickly, inline and without tooling.
• the method is also suitable for small quantities, in particular a quantity of one.
• the desired designs or designs of the Decals can be created by means of appropriate software on the computer in electronic form, are then in appropriate electronic
• the present invention provides a simple, reliable and rapid, in particular an efficient, production method which can be used both in the manufacture of mass-produced goods and in custom-made decals. This is achieved in particular by digital inkjet printing.
• decal is to be understood as meaning, in particular, decals, comprising a carrier material and in particular at least one decor which can be detached from the carrier material.
• the decor may have a motif.
• a motif may be, for example, a graphically designed outline, a figurative representation, an image, a visually recognizable design element, a symbol, a logo, a portrait, a pattern, an alphanumeric character, a text, a color design, and the like.
• support material and motif is in particular a water-soluble
• transfer paper is understood in particular to mean a paper or generally a substrate, preferably of plastic and / or of fabric, which is coated with a water-soluble layer such as, for example, dextrose, methylcellulose and / or polyvinyl alcohol is coated and / or with a
• the transfer paper has a water-soluble layer
• the transfer paper is thus preferably a water-transfer paper.
• the transfer paper a water-transfer paper.
• the transfer paper is a hot transfer paper.
• the transfer paper can be provided both as a roll product and as a sheet product.
• a transfer paper a water transfer paper and / or a
• the transfer paper is a water transfer paper and / or a heat transfer paper.
• the transfer paper is removed before applying the decoration on the object to be decorated.
• Decor is understood in particular to mean those layers or the layers of the decal which are transferred to the article to be decorated at a later time.
• the decal may comprise the primer and at least part of the embossing foil, in particular at least part of the decor layer. If, during the production of the decal, further layers are applied and / or printed onto the stamping foil and / or the decorative layer of the stamping foil or onto the primer, these layers also represent parts of the decoration in principle.
• transfer foils are understood, which have a self-supporting carrier foil on which a decorative layer detachable from the carrier foil is arranged.
• the decorative layer can be transferred or transferred to a substrate.
• the decorative layer may have several full-surface and / or partial layers.
• the surfaces of the objects are basically fixed to no special shape.
• the surfaces may be cylindrical, wavy, pyramidal, conical, domed, concave and / or convex. They may also be angular, in particular rectangular or generally polygonal, oval, round and / or flat.
• the articles can be objects made of glass, ceramic, porcelain, plastic, wood and / or paper and / or metal and / or composite materials made of a plurality of different materials, for example plastic / glass,
• Plastic / metal, plastic / wood, plastic / paper act. It may be advantageous to pretreat the surface of the articles, for example by means of plasma or corona treatment and / or by means of precoating with adhesion promoter layer, for example one or more polymers
• the decor layer of the embossing foil can be formed one or more layers.
• the carrier layer of the stamping foil is preferably made of PET, PC, PP, PE, PVE and / or PS.
• the carrier layer protects and stabilizes the decorative layer, in particular during the production, storage and processing of the stamping foil.
• the decorative layer is removable in particular from the carrier layer.
• the stamping foil between the carrier layer and the decorative layer may have a release layer.
• the release layer is preferably designed such that on the one hand it ensures safe handling of the embossing film prior to application of the embossing film to the transfer paper without the decorative layer coming off the carrier layer, but on the other hand after application of the embossing film or during the transfer of the decorative layer the transfer paper allows a detachment, at least a partial detachment of the decorative layer from the carrier layer.
• the release layer preferably has a layer thickness of 0.001 ⁇ to 1 ⁇ , in particular a layer thickness of 0.001 ⁇ to 0.1 ⁇ , more preferably a layer thickness of about 0.01 ⁇ , on.
• the release layer may comprise waxes and / or silicones.
• it is a polymeric
• the decorative layer has at least one metallic layer.
• the metallic layer provides in particular for the visual appearance of the decorative layer and / or the decor.
• the metallic layer preferably comprises
• PVD Physical Vapor Deposition
• the metallic layer may additionally or alternatively also be printed, in particular of paints with metallic, in particular with fine metallic pigments.
• the metallic layer may be full-surface or only partially present.
• a partial metallic layer may in particular be structured by means of known demetallization processes such as etching, washing processes or photolithographic processes
• the decorative layer preferably has at least one color layer.
• the ink layer is preferably printed by gravure, screen printing, flexographic printing and / or inkjet printing and preferably has a layer thickness of 0.2 ⁇ m to 10 ⁇ m, in particular a layer thickness of 0.5 ⁇ m to 3 ⁇ m.
• the color layer may be present all over and / or partially.
• the color layer may be opaque or translucent or transparent and each colorless or colored. The color can be achieved by means of dyes and / or pigments in the ink layer.
• the color layer consists of polyacrylates.
• the color layer and the metallic layer in each case partially and to arrange the partially provided areas relative to one another in the register.
• the metallic layer and / or the color layer individually or together represent a motif or in each case a motif or partial motif.
• Register or register or register accuracy or registration accuracy is to be understood as a positional accuracy of two or more elements and / or layers relative to one another. In this case, the register accuracy should move within a predetermined tolerance and be as small as possible. At the same time, register accuracy of multiple elements and / or layers to each other is an important feature in order to increase process reliability. The exact position
• Positioning can be effected in particular by means of sensory, preferably optically detectable registration marks or register marks.
• registration marks or register marks can be either special separate elements or
• the decorative layer preferably has a primer.
• the primer provides in particular for a good adhesion between the decorative layer or the stamping foil and the primer.
• the primer preferably has a layer thickness of 0.2 ⁇ to 10 ⁇ , in particular a layer thickness of 0.5 ⁇ to 3 ⁇ , more preferably a layer thickness of 0.4 ⁇ to 0.6 ⁇ , on.
• Composition include:
• the decorative layer may preferably comprise at least one lacquer layer, in particular a protective lacquer layer.
• the protective lacquer layer provides protection against mechanical and / or chemical stress on the decorative layer and / or the decoration on an article to be decorated.
• the lacquer layer and / or protective lacquer layer preferably has a layer thickness of 0.4 ⁇ m to 10 ⁇ m, in particular a layer thickness from 0.5 ⁇ to 5 ⁇ , particularly preferably a layer thickness of 1 ⁇ to 1, 5 ⁇ on.
• the lacquer layer and / or the protective lacquer layer has an isocyanate crosslinking. As a result, in particular higher scratch, abrasion and chemical resistance can be achieved. If the lacquer layer or the protective lacquer layer has dyes, the layer can influence the visual impression of the decorative layer.
• Lacquer and / or the protective lacquer layers which have the following composition have proved to be advantageous: acrylate polyol 36% by weight to 56% by weight,
• the later applied inkjet ink and the protective lacquer may be provided with hydroxyl-containing polymers.
• the imprinted primer defines in particular the area or areas for the embossing foil transfer or for the subsequent decoration.
• the primer is preferably used as a primer or adhesive to which the decor adheres.
• the adhesion between decor and primer is greater than the adhesion between decor and surfaces without primer.
• the primer has only a very small number of solid constituents, such as particles and / or particles, which should not exceed a certain size, in particular a size of 2 ⁇ m to 10 ⁇ m. This ensures that the nozzles of the printhead do not clog.
• the primer is not pigmented.
• the primer has no fillers.
• the primer is printed with a basis weight of 0.5 g / m 2 to 20 g / m 2 .
• the printed primer preferably has a layer thickness of 0.05 ⁇ to 10 ⁇ , in particular a layer thickness of 1 ⁇ to 5 ⁇ , on.
• the application amount and / or the layer thickness of the primer can be varied in order to further optimize the application result, in particular the adhesion of the decorations on the primer. It is further preferred if the primer with an application temperature of 20 ° C to 75 ° C, preferably from 40 ° C to 60 ° C and / or with a viscosity in the range of 5 mPas to 100 mPas, preferably from 10 mPas to 15 mPas, is printed.
• a temperature control of the print head ensures in particular that the primer has the desired viscosity.
• the viscosity in particular depends on the pixel size and pixel shape of the applied primer, wherein in the
• Such a formulation provides, in particular, a rapid curing and a viscosity, which good printability at the same time stable and
• a light-curing, in particular UV-curing primer is printed.
• light is understood to mean in particular not only the part of the electromagnetic radiation that is visible to the human eye, but also, in particular, the regions adjacent to the visible light, in particular the infrared and / or ultraviolet radiation. Essentially, the physical definition of light applies, namely that the entire electromagnetic spectrum falls under light.
• the primer may be cured or precured and / or cured by radiation, preferably by UV radiation, in particular by UV-LED radiation.
• Pre-curing improves the application quality of the primer.
• this increases the viscosity of the primer before the embossing foil is applied. This avoids bleeding or excessive squeezing of the applied primer pixels during the transfer, so that a particularly sharp edge application of the stamping foil and a particularly high surface quality of the transferred layers are achieved. But it can be a minor
• Crimping the primer pixels may well be desirable to approximate and merge directly adjacent primer pixels. This may be advantageous, for example, to avoid pixelation of the image in the case of closed surfaces and / or at motif borders, i. that single pixels visually disturbing in
• the precuring of the primer preferably with low UV radiation power, is advantageous.
• the primer is in particular gelled.
• Pre-curing of the primer preferably takes place from 0.02 s to 0.025 s after
• the primer is fixed very quickly after printing by the pre-curing on the transfer paper, so that a bleeding or spreading of the primer drops is largely avoided and a high
• Print resolution remains as well as possible. For example, can for a
• Radiation source can be arranged directly adjacent to the print head for printing the primer. It is expedient if the precuring of the primer is effected by UV radiation, the energy of which is preferably at least 90% in the wavelength range between 380 nm and 420 nm is emitted. At these wavelengths, the pre-hardening is reliably started.
• Pre-curing of the primer preferably takes place with an exposure time of 0.02 s to 0.056 s. At the mentioned transport speeds of the
• Transfer paper and the specified irradiance is thus ensured the necessary energy input for the pre-curing.
• the viscosity of the primer increases to 50 mPas to 200 mPas. By such an increase in viscosity can be achieved that the primer drops when applying the stamping foil on the
• Transfer paper can be crushed so that the embossing film can be transferred to the transfer paper substantially with the resolution achieved when printing the primer.
• the curing of the primer is preferably carried out after the application of the stamping foil. It is expedient if the curing of the primer is carried out with UV light whose energy is preferably emitted to at least 90% in the wavelength range between 380 nm and 420 nm. At these wavelengths curing is reliably started.
• the curing of the primer has a gross irradiance of 12 W / cm 2 to 20 W / cm 2 and / or a net irradiance Irradiance of 4.8 W / cm 2 to 8 W / cm 2 and / or an energy input into the primer from 200 mJ / cm 2 to 900 mJ / cm 2 , preferably from 200 mJ / cm 2 to 400 mJ / cm 2 takes place , In such an energy input is a reliable
• the duration is preferably between 1 s and 60 s and / or the temperature is between 40 ° C and 120 ° C.
• the embossing film is preferably applied in a rolling process.
• the embossing station has at least one embossing roller and / or an embossing wheel and / or a curved embossing stamp.
• At least one color and / or at least one color layer is preferably printed by means of inkjet printing.
• Color layer are printed in particular on the stamping foil or on the decorative layer.
• the color and / or the color layer in particular form part of the decoration and thus determine the visual appearance of the decoration.
• the feature may be a registration mark and / or a motif on the stamping foil.
• a light-curing in particular a UV-curing, particularly preferably an LED-curing, particularly preferably a UV-LED-curing ink and / or color layer is preferably printed on.
• the color and / or the color layer can be cured or precured and / or cured by radiation, preferably by UV radiation, in particular by UV-LED radiation.
• radiation preferably by UV radiation, in particular by UV-LED radiation.
• the on and / or curing of the ink and / or the ink layer takes place analogously or under the same conditions as in the primer described herein.
• the layer thickness of the color and / or the ink layer is preferably between 0.5 ⁇ and 10 ⁇ , in particular between 0.5 ⁇ and 5 ⁇ . It has proven advantageous to use paints and / or color layers which have the following composition:
• At least one protective lacquer is preferably printed by means of inkjet printing.
• the protective lacquer is printed on the decorative layer and / or on the color and / or on the color layer.
• the protective lacquer forms in particular a part of the decoration.
• the protective lacquer protects the decoration on an object to be decorated, in particular against mechanical and / or chemical stress. Preference is given to printing a light-curing, in particular a UV-curing, particularly preferably an LED-curing, particularly preferably a UV-LED-curing protective coating.
• the protective lacquer can be cured or precured and / or cured by radiation, preferably by UV radiation, in particular by UV-LED radiation.
• the on and / or curing of the protective coating is carried out analogously or under the same conditions as in the primer described herein.
• the layer thickness of the resist is preferably between 0.5 ⁇ and 10 ⁇ , in particular between 0.5 ⁇ and 5 ⁇ .
• the color and / or the color layer and the protective lacquer are cured together.
• curing takes place when all the layers which ultimately form the decor, in particular the decorative layer, the ink / ink layer and / or the protective lacquer, have been applied and / or printed on the transfer paper. If one of the layers to be cured within the layer composite to be cured is not sufficiently permeable to the radiation that is required for curing, it is advantageous to irradiate the radiation required for curing from two opposite sides of the transfer paper. But it is In principle, it is also possible that the individual layers of the decoration or of the decal are each hardened separately.
• the manufacture of the decal and / or the decoration takes place in an in-line production, in particular in a production line production.
• Inline production in the present case is understood in particular to mean continuous production. This means that the decals are made essentially without interruption, especially in a steady process. If a process step for the production of the decals takes place, then essentially the following follows
• Procedural step straight on The individual steps of the procedure merge seamlessly into each other.
• a carrier is applied in a further step.
• the carrier provides in particular for a better handling of the decor and / or Decals in further processing.
• the carrier is preferably applied to the decor.
• the carrier is applied to an outermost side of the decor.
• Under extreme side of the decoration is understood in particular a free side of the decor, which points away from the object during application of the decoration on the object.
• the carrier is arranged on a side facing away from the transfer paper side of the decor.
• the carrier is also used to protect the decor before
• the carrier can be applied to the decorative layer, to the color and / or to the protective lacquer.
• the carrier may cover the entire surface of the decal or alternatively cover only the surface areas of the decal on which the decor is applied.
• the support preferably has a layer thickness between 10 ⁇ m and 500 ⁇ m, preferably a layer thickness between 10 ⁇ m and 200 ⁇ m, particularly preferably a layer thickness between 20 ⁇ m and 30 ⁇ m.
• a carrier is preferred
• Acrylate film in particular a self-crosslinking acrylate film used.
• the carrier may be self-supporting.
• the application of the carrier is advantageously carried out by means of printing. This can be done either by screen printing or preferably by means of inkjet printing. It is advantageous if the application or the printing of the carrier in
• the application of the carrier is thus carried out in particular as an integral part of
• the layers in particular the primer, the color, the
• At least one ink jet print head is preferably used.
• at least one separate ink jet printhead is used for each layer to be printed.
• the inkjet printhead can have a resolution of 300 to 1200 application nozzles per inch (npi). This enables a high-resolution application of the layers.
• the ink jet print head can ⁇ a nozzle diameter of 15 ⁇ to 25 ⁇ with a tolerance of not more than ⁇ 5 and / or a nozzle pitch of 30 ⁇ to 150 ⁇ , in particular a nozzle spacing of 30 ⁇ to 80 ⁇ , with a tolerance of not more than ⁇ 5 ⁇ , have. Due to the small nozzle spacing, in particular transversely to
• the ink jet printhead may be configured to provide drops of the layers to be printed at a frequency of 6 kHz to 110 kHz. At usual conveying speeds of the transfer paper to be printed from 10 m / min to 30 m / min, a resolution of 360 dpi to 1200 dpi can be achieved in the conveying direction. It is expedient for the ink jet print head to provide drops of the layers to be printed having a volume of 2 pl to 50 pl with a tolerance of not more than ⁇ 6%. As a result, the necessary amount of the layers to be printed can be brought on evenly.
• the ink jet print head is designed to provide drops of the layers to be printed at an airspeed of 5 m / s to 10 m / s with a margin of not more than ⁇ 15%.
• the deflection of the drops is minimized in particular by drafts during the transfer from the print head to the transfer paper and / or the decorative layer, so that the drops land in the desired defined arrangement on the transfer paper and / or on the decorative layer.
• the device for producing a decal preferably has at least one second inkjet printhead for printing a color and / or a color layer on the embossing film and / or on the decorative layer.
• the second inkjet printhead is arranged downstream of the embossing station, in particular in the conveying direction of the transfer paper. It is expedient if the device at least a third
• Ink jet print head for printing a protective varnish on the decorative layer and / or on the color.
• the third ink jet print head is particularly in
• the device preferably has at least one curing device for pre- and / or curing of the primer, the ink and / or the ink layer and / or the protective lacquer.
• a curing device a UV light source, in particular a (UV) LED light source can be used.
• Ink jet print head which prints a light-curing, in particular UV-curing ink or UV-curing fabric, a curing device to be arranged. This ensures that after the exit of the ink or the substance from the printer, this can be immediately at least precured or even cured.
• the device has a curing device between the first inkjet printhead and the embossing station.
• the curing device is used in particular to precure the primer so that it gels and a
• Crimping of the image and / or motif generated by the printed primer is reduced and / or avoided.
• Inkjet printhead is arranged, which prints a light-curing, in particular UV-curing ink. As a result, all layers can be cured in a single operation or in a single process step.
• Inkjet printhead be arranged. If the device has, in addition to the second inkjet printhead, a third inkjet printhead, then a curing device is preferably downstream in the conveying direction of the transfer paper arranged by the third ink jet print head. On a curing device, which is arranged in the conveying direction of the transfer paper behind the second ink-jet printhead, but before the third ink-jet printhead, can then be omitted in particular.
• the device may comprise a drying device for drying the primer.
• the drying device is preferably in the conveying direction of
• the device has a device for applying a carrier to the decor.
• the device is preferably in the conveying direction of the transfer paper downstream of the embossing station, of the second
• the device is preferably in the conveying direction of the transfer paper downstream of the embossing station or of the inkjet printhead which produces an outer layer and / or the outer side of the decoration. This ensures that the carrier forms the final layer of the Decals. The carrier protects the decor from damage.
• the device for applying the carrier is designed as at least a fourth inkjet printhead.
• the article provided with the decoration is cured.
• the adhesion of the decoration or the adhesion between primer and primer and / or the resistance of the decoration for example, to water, alcohol, abrasion and / or fingernail, can be improved.
• the decorated article is cured at a time interval between 10 minutes and 30 minutes and / or at a temperature between 165 ° C and 200 ° C.
• the decor should in particular be designed so that it is after 30 minutes immersion in 52% alcohol and / or 60 minutes immersion in water fingernail is scratch resistant.
• the decor is transferred by pad printing on the object.
• the detachment of the decal from the transfer paper instead of impregnating the transfer paper, in particular the water transfer paper, preferably takes place in water by contacting or contacting the decal on the transfer paper with a, in particular heated, tampon.
• the transfer paper preferably comprises a melt coating, which in particular has a melting range between 50 ° C. and 150 ° C., preferably between 80 ° C. and 120 ° C.
• the melt coating of the transfer paper may, for example, predominantly comprise constituents of a wax and / or of a thermoplastic polymer. In such a transfer paper, which has a melt coating, it is in particular a
• the adhesive force of the melt coating is reduced such that the transfer paper, in particular the heat transfer paper, can be removed from the decal, in particular from the decor.
• the tampon is actively and / or passively heated, in particular, before and / or during the transfer.
• the tampon is actively and / or passively heated, in particular, before and / or during the transfer.
• Temperature range of the heated tampon between 70 ° C and 150 ° C, preferably between 120 ° C and 140 ° C. This makes it possible that when contacting or the contact of the tampon with the Decal the
• the decoration may be registered on the article in register with other features of the article, for example its outer edges, inner and / or outer contours of the article, other decorative elements, colorings,
• the decoration on the article can also be arranged in the register for features on and / or on the part holder. This makes it possible to insert the decor into an existing overall design and / or overall function of the object.
• the decal, the decoration of which is transferred to an object is produced by means of a method according to the invention.
• the decal has a carrier
• the carrier is removed from the decor after the decoration has been applied to the article.
• the carrier may also remain on the object for a relatively long time during transport and / or during storage of the article.
• Figure 1 shows a schematic representation of another method for decorating surfaces of objects.
• Figure 1 shows a schematic representation of a method and a
• Device 100 in an embodiment for producing a decal 10 in one embodiment.
• a transfer paper 14 is provided.
• a primer 16 is then printed by inkjet printing on the transfer paper 14 and / or on a stamping foil 18 comprising a decorative layer 22 and a carrier layer 20.
• the printed primer 16 defines
• the device 100 preferably has at least one first inkjet printhead 102.
• the transfer paper 14 is a
• the primer 16 has only a very small number of solid
• the primer 16 is not pigmented.
• the primer 16 has in particular no fillers.
• the primer 16 is printed with a basis weight of 0.5 g / m 2 to 20 g / m 2 .
• the printed primer 16 preferably has a layer thickness of 0.05 ⁇ to 10 ⁇ , in particular a layer thickness of 1 ⁇ to 5 ⁇ , on.
• the application amount and / or the layer thickness of the primer 16 can be varied in order to further optimize the application result.
• the primer 16 with an application temperature of 20 ° C to 75 ° C, preferably from 40 ° C to 60 ° C and / or with a viscosity in the range of 5 mPas to 100 mPas, preferably from 10 mPas to 15 mPas, is printed.
• primers 16 which have the following composition: 4- (1-oxo-2-propenyl) morpholine 29% by weight to 50% by weight,
• the primer 16 is preferably a light-curing, in particular UV-curing, primer 16.
• the primer 16 may be precoated or cured in a method step C and / or cured.
• the device 100 preferably has a curing device 110.
• the curing device 110 preferably has at least one UV-LED light source.
• Embossing foil 18 is applied. This avoids bleeding or too strong
• Pre-curing of primer 16 preferably takes place 0.02 s to 0.025 s after
• the primer 16 is fixed very quickly after printing by the pre-curing on the transfer paper 14, so that a bleeding or spreading of the primer drops is largely avoided and a high
• Print resolution remains as well as possible. For example, can for a
• Radiation source directly adjacent to the printhead 102 for printing the primer 16 may be arranged. It is expedient if the precuring of the primer 16 is effected by UV radiation whose energy is preferably emitted to at least 90% in the wavelength range between 380 nm and 420 nm. At these wavelengths, the pre-hardening is reliably started.
• the precuring of the primer 16 with a gross irradiance of 2 W / cm 2 to 5 W / cm 2 and / or a net irradiance of 0.7 W / cm 2 to 2 W / cm 2 and / or an energy input into the primer 16 of 8 mJ / cm 2 to 1 12 mJ / cm 2 takes place.
• Pre-curing of the primer 16 preferably takes place with an exposure time of 0.02 s to 0.056 s.
• Substantially can be transferred to the transfer paper 14 with the resolution achieved when printing the primer 16.
• the curing of the primer 16 is preferably carried out after the application of a stamping foil 18 or further layers. It is useful if that
• Curing of the primer 16 is carried out with UV light whose energy is preferably emitted to at least 90% in the wavelength range between 380 nm and 420 nm. At these wavelengths curing is reliably started.
• the curing of the primer 16 with a gross irradiance of 12 W / cm 2 to 20 W / cm 2 and / or a net irradiance of 4.8 W / cm 2 to 8 W / cm 2 and / or an energy input into the primer from 200 mJ / cm 2 to 900 mJ / cm 2 , preferably from 200 mJ / cm 2 to
• the application is carried out by means of hot embossing in a rolling process.
• the stamping foil 18 is applied to the transfer paper 14 in particular under pressure and temperature.
• the hot embossing is preferably carried out by means of an embossing station 104, which preferably has at least one embossing roller and / or embossing wheel.
• embossing the Stamping foil 18 is preferably the support layer 20 is deducted from the decorative layer 22 and only at least a portion of the decorative layer 22 remains on the transfer paper 14th
• a method step E at least one color and / or at least one color layer 32 is printed by means of inkjet printing.
• the color and / or the color layer 32 is printed in particular on the decorative layer 22.
• the color and / or the color layer 32 in particular form a part of the decoration 12 and thus influence the visual appearance of the decoration 12.
• the device 100 preferably has at least one second ink jet print head 106.
• a light-curing in particular a UV-curing, particularly preferably an LED-curing, particularly preferably a UV-LED-curing ink and / or ink layer 32.
• the ink and / or ink layer 32 may be deposited in register with a feature of the stamping foil 18.
• the feature may be a registration mark and / or a motif on the stamping foil 18.
• the color and / or the color layer 32 can be cured or precured and / or cured by radiation, preferably by UV radiation, in particular by UV-LED radiation.
• the color or the color layer 32 is analogous to the primer 16 off and / or pre-cured.
• the layer thickness of the color and / or the ink layer 32 is preferably between 0.5 ⁇ and 10 ⁇ , in particular between 0.5 ⁇ and 5 ⁇ .
• colors and / or color layers 32 have proven to be the following
• Composition include:
• a method step F at least one protective lacquer 34 is printed by means of inkjet printing.
• the protective lacquer 34 is printed on the ink and / or on the ink layer 32.
• the protective lacquer 34 forms in particular a part of the decoration 12 and protects the decor 12 on an object 50 to be decorated, in particular against mechanical and / or chemical stress.
• the device 100 preferably has at least one third inkjet print head 108.
• a light-curing, in particular a UV-curing, particularly preferably an LED-curing, particularly preferably a UV-LED-curing protective coating 34 is preferably printed on.
• the protective lacquer 34 can be hardened by radiation, preferably by UV radiation, in particular by UV LED radiation or
• the protective lacquer 34 is cured and / or pre-cured analogously to the primer 16.
• the layer thickness of the resist 34 is preferably between 0.5 ⁇ and 10 ⁇ , in particular between 0.5 ⁇ and 5 ⁇ .
• Protective coatings 34 which have the following composition have proved to be advantageous:
• the color and / or the color layer 32 and the protective varnish 34 are preferably cured together.
• the device 100 preferably has a curing device 12.
• Hardening device 1 12 is preferably formed as a UV-LED light source.
• a curing takes place when all layers 16, 22, 32, 34 which ultimately form the decor 12 on the transfer paper 14th have been applied and / or printed.
• the manufacture of the decal 10 takes place in an in-line production, in particular in a production line production.
• the decal 10 is preferably produced substantially without interruption, in particular in a continuous process. If a method step has been carried out for producing the decal 10, then essentially the subsequent method step follows directly. The individual steps of the procedure merge seamlessly into each other.
• a method step I the manufactured decal 10 is shown.
• the decal 10 comprises the transfer paper 14 and the decor 12 detachable from the transfer paper 14.
• the decor 12 preferably has the primer 16 printed by means of inkjet printing, the decorative layer 22 of the embossing film 18, in particular comprising a metallic layer 28, and which is inkjet-coated. Print printed color and / or ink layer 32 and printed by means of inkjet printing resist 34.
• the ink For printing on the layers, in particular of the primer 16, the ink, the ink layer 32, the protective lacquer 34 and / or a carrier 36, it is preferred to use at least one inkjet printhead 102, 106, 108, 16. For each layer 16, 32, 34, 36 to be printed, at least one separate one is preferred
• the inkjet printhead 102, 106, 108, 16 may have a resolution of 300 to 1200 application nozzles per inch (npi). As a result, a high-resolution application of the layers 16, 32, 34, 36 is made possible.
• npi application nozzles per inch
• Inkjet printhead 102, 106, 108, 16 can have a nozzle diameter of 15 ⁇ m to 25 ⁇ with a tolerance of not more than ⁇ 5 ⁇ and / or a nozzle spacing of 30 ⁇ to 150 ⁇ , in particular a nozzle spacing of 30 ⁇ to 80 ⁇ , with a tolerance of not more than ⁇ 5 ⁇ have.
• Nozzle spacing in particular transversely to the printing direction, ensures that the transferred drops of the layers 16, 32, 34, 36 to be printed are sufficiently close to one another or, if appropriate, also overlap, so that good resolution is achieved over the entire printed area.
• the ink jet printhead 102, 106, 108, 16 may be configured to provide drops of the layers 16, 32, 34, 36 to be printed at a frequency of 6 kHz to 110 kHz. At usual conveying speeds of
• a resolution of 360 dpi to 1200 dpi can be achieved. It is expedient if 16 drops of the layers 16, 32, 34, 36 to be printed with a volume of 2 pl to 50 pl are provided by the inkjet printhead 102, 106, 108, 16 with a tolerance of not more than ⁇ 6%. As a result, the necessary amount of the layers to be printed 16, 32, 34, 36 are applied uniformly. Further, the ink jet print head 102, 106, 108, 16 is formed so that drops of the layers 16, 32, 34, 36 to be printed at an airspeed of 5 m / s to 10 m / s with a tolerance of not more than ⁇ 15 % to be provided.
• FIG. 2 shows a schematic representation of a further method and a device 100 'in a further embodiment for producing a decal 10 in a further embodiment.
• the method shown in Figure 2 differs from the method shown in Figure 1 essentially by the fact that it is is a cold stamping process instead of a hot stamping process and the primer 16 is dried in a process step C. For drying or
• the device 100 When the primer 16 dries, the device 100 'has a drying device 14.
• the duration of the drying and / or drying is preferably between 1 s and 60 s and / or the drying temperature is preferably between 40 ° C and 120 ° C. But it is in principle possible that on the
• Drying device 1 14 and thus can be dispensed with the method step C.
• reference is made to the statements made with reference to FIG. 1 With regard to the other method steps A and B and E to I, reference is made to the statements made with reference to FIG.
• FIG. 3 shows a schematic representation of a further method as well as of a device 100 "in a further embodiment for producing a decal 10 'in a further embodiment, in which the stamping foil 18 - as already shown in FIG
• Hot stamping applied.
• method steps A to G and I and the corresponding device devices 102, 110, 104, 106, 108 and 112 reference is therefore made to the statements made with reference to FIG. But it is
• stamping foil 18 in Figure 3 instead of means
• Hot stamping is applied by cold stamping.
• the device 100 "shown in FIG. 3 has a device 16
• the device 1 16 is in
• Hardening device 1 12 arranged.
• the device 16 is at least preferably arranged in the conveying direction of the transfer paper 14 downstream of that inkjet printing head 108 which produces an outer layer 38 and / or an outer side of the decoration 12. This ensures that the carrier 36 forms the final layer of the decal 10 '.
• the carrier 36 protects the decor 12 from damage.
• the carrier 36 also ensures better handling of the decor 12 and / or the Decals 10 'in the further processing.
• the means for applying the carrier 36 is formed as at least a fourth ink jet printhead 16.
• the support 36 preferably has a layer thickness between 10 ⁇ and 500 ⁇ , preferably a layer thickness between 10 ⁇ and 200 ⁇ , more preferably a layer thickness between 20 ⁇ and 30 ⁇ , on.
• the carrier 36 used is preferably an acrylate film, in particular a self-crosslinking acrylate film.
• Figure. 4 shows a schematic representation of a stamping foil 18 in one
• the embossing foil 18 has a carrier layer 20 and a decorative layer 22, wherein the decorative layer 22 of the embossing foil 18 may be formed in one or more layers.
• the carrier layer 20 of the stamping foil 18 is preferably made of PET, PC, PP, PE, PVE and / or PS.
• the carrier layer 20 protects and stabilizes the decorative layer 22, in particular during the production, storage and processing of the stamping foil 18.
• the decorative layer 22 is removable in particular from the carrier layer 20.
• the stamping foil 18 may preferably have a release layer 24 between the carrier layer 20 and the decorative layer 22.
• the release layer 24 is preferably designed such that, on the one hand, it ensures secure handling of the embossing foil 18 before applying the embossing foil 18 to the transfer paper 14, without the decorative layer 22 becoming detached from the carrier layer 20, but, on the other hand, after applying the embossing foil 18 or in the transfer of the decorative layer 22 to the transfer paper 14, a detachment, at least a partial detachment of the decorative layer 22 of the carrier layer 20, allows.
• the release layer 24 preferably has a layer thickness of 0.001 ⁇ m to 1 ⁇ m, in particular a layer thickness of 0.001 ⁇ m to 0.1 ⁇ m, particularly preferably a layer thickness of approximately 0.01 ⁇ m.
• the release layer 24 may include waxes and / or silicones.
• it is a polymeric
• release layer 24 is free of wax and / or free of silicone. This gives you a layer that is very good
• the release layer 24 comprises hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, in particular from 90% by weight to about 100% by weight of hydroxypropylmethylcellulose.
• the decorative layer 22 illustrated in FIG. 4 preferably has at least one metallic layer 28.
• the metallic layer 28 provides in particular for the visual appearance of the decorative layer 22 and / or the decoration 12.
• the metallic layer 28 is formed of aluminum.
• the metallic layer 28 is formed of copper, chromium and / or tin or comprises an alloy thereof.
• the metallic layer 28 preferably has a layer thickness of 5 nm to 100 nm, in particular a layer thickness of 5 nm to 50 nm, particularly preferably a layer thickness of 15 nm to 25 nm.
• the metallic layer 28 may additionally or alternatively be printed, in particular of fine colors with metallic pigments.
• the metallic layer 28 may be full-surface or only partially present.
• a partial metallic layer can in particular by means of known Demetallmaschinesvon such as etching, washing or photolithographic process be structured.
• the decorative layer 22 has a color layer.
• the ink layer is preferably printed by gravure, screen printing, flexographic printing, inkjet printing and has a layer thickness of 0.2 ⁇ to 10 ⁇ , in particular a layer thickness of 0.5 ⁇ to 3 ⁇ on.
• the color layer may be present all over and / or partially.
• the color layer may be opaque or translucent or transparent and each colorless or colored.
• the color can be achieved by means of dyes and / or pigments in the ink layer.
• the color layer consists of polyacrylates.
• the decorative layer 22 may have a color layer and a metallic layer 28, wherein the layers are preferably each partially preferred and the partially provided areas are to be arranged relative to one another in the register.
• the metallic layer 28 and / or the color layer individually or together represent a motif or in each case a motif or partial motif.
• the decorative layer 22 may also have a primer 30.
• the primer 30 provides in particular for a good adhesion between the decorative layer 22 and the embossing foil 18 and the primer 16.
• the primer 30 preferably has a
• Layer thickness of 0.2 ⁇ to 10 ⁇ in particular a layer thickness of 0.5 ⁇ to 3 ⁇ , more preferably a layer thickness of 0.4 ⁇ to 0.6 ⁇ on.
• Composition include:
• the decorative layer 22 may further preferably at least one lacquer layer 26,
• the protective lacquer layer 26 in particular, provides protection against mechanical and / or chemical stress for the decorative layer 22 and / or the decoration 12 on a decoration to be decorated
• Item 60 is.
• the lacquer layer and / or protective lacquer layer 26 preferably has a layer thickness of 0.4 ⁇ m to 10 ⁇ m, in particular a layer thickness of 0.5 ⁇ m to 5 ⁇ m, in particular preferably a layer thickness of 1 ⁇ m to 1.5 ⁇ m.
• the lacquer layer and / or the protective lacquer layer 26 has a
• Protective lacquer layer 26 dyes, so the layer 26 can co-impress the visual impression of the decorative layer 22 and / or the decor 12.
• Lacquer and / or protective lacquer layers 26 which have the following composition have proved to be advantageous:
• FIG. 5 shows a schematic representation of a method for decorating surfaces of objects 50 by means of method steps K to P.
• the surfaces of the articles 50 are basically fixed to no specific shape.
• the surfaces may be cylindrical, wavy, pyramidal, conical, domed, concave and / or convex. They may also be angular, in particular rectangular or generally polygonal, oval, round and / or flat.
• the objects 50 may be objects 50 of glass, ceramic, porcelain, plastic, wood and / or paper and / or metal and / or
• Composite materials of several different materials such as plastic / glass, plastic / metal, plastic / wood, plastic / paper, act. It may be advantageous to pretreat the surface of the objects 50, for example by means of plasma or corona treatment and / or by means of
• adhesion promoter layer for example one or more polymeric adhesion promoter layers.
• the decal 10 ' is provided.
• the decal 10 ' is preferably produced by means of a method according to the invention.
• a decal 10 without a carrier 36 is conceivable.
• the decal 10 ' is soaked.
• the Decal 10 ' is preferably immersed in water 1 18.
• the transfer paper 14 shown in Fig. 5 is a water-transfer paper.
• a method step M the decoration 12, together with the carrier 36, is then applied to the article 50.
• the removal of the carrier 36 then preferably takes place from the decor 12.
• FIG. 5 in a method step O.
• the finished decorated article 60 comprising the decor 12 is shown.
• the transfer of the decoration 12 preferably takes place inline with the production of the decal 10, 10 '. It is useful if the provided with the decor 12 object 50 is cured.
• the adhesion of the decoration 12 or the adhesion between the individual layers of the decoration 12, in particular between the primer 30 and the primer 16, can be improved.
• the decorated article 60 is preferred in one
• the decor 12 should be designed to be scratch resistant after immersion in 52% alcohol and / or immersion in water for 30 minutes in water fingernail.
• Figure 6 shows a schematic representation of another method for
• a method step K the decal 10 is provided.
• the transfer paper 14 can be removed from the decor 12. This takes place in FIG. 6 in a method step M 1.
• the transfer paper 14 shown in FIG. 6 is a water-transfer paper.
• the decoration 12 is transferred to the object 50 in a method step N '. This gives a finished decorated object 60.
• Transfer paper in particular of the water transfer paper, preferably in water by contacting or a contact of Decals 10 on the
• Transfer paper with a, in particular heated, tampon takes place.
• the melt coating of the transfer paper 14 may comprise predominantly constituents of a wax and / or of a thermoplastic polymer.
• Such a transfer paper 14, which has a melt coating is a
• the adhesive force of the melt coating is reduced such that the transfer paper 14, in particular the heat transfer paper, can be removed from the decal 10, in particular from the decor 12.
• the tampon is actively and / or passively heated, in particular, before and / or during the transfer.
• the tampon is actively and / or passively heated, in particular, before and / or during the transfer.
• Temperature range of the heated tampon thereby between 70 ° C and 150 ° C, preferably between 120 ° C and 140 ° C. This makes it possible that when contacting or the contact of the tampon with the Decal 10 the
• the transfer paper 14 is then removed from the decor 12.
• the transfer of the decal 10, in particular the decoration 12, to the object 50 and a possible further processing is preferably carried out as described above or analogously to the embodiment of the transfer paper 14 as
• the decoration of the article 50 and the production of the decal 10, 10 ' are preferably inline or inline production, in particular in one Assembly line production, integrated.
• an essentially completely automated process for decorating objects 50 can thus be created.

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• Decoration By Transfer Pictures (AREA)
• Ink Jet (AREA)
• Printing Methods (AREA)
• Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
• Ink Jet Recording Methods And Recording Media Thereof (AREA)

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• 2017
  • 2017-03-06 DE DE102017104658.5A patent/DE102017104658B4/de active Active
• 2018
  • 2018-02-14 CN CN201880016606.0A patent/CN110382250A/zh active Pending
  • 2018-02-14 JP JP2019548642A patent/JP7183173B2/ja active Active
  • 2018-02-14 WO PCT/EP2018/053698 patent/WO2018162196A2/de unknown
  • 2018-02-14 EP EP18705616.3A patent/EP3592571A2/de active Pending
  • 2018-02-14 US US16/489,906 patent/US11124015B2/en active Active
  • 2018-02-14 KR KR1020197026132A patent/KR102514882B1/ko active IP Right Grant
  • 2018-03-02 TW TW107107097A patent/TWI787240B/zh active
  • 2018-03-05 AR ARP180100507A patent/AR111162A1/es active IP Right Grant

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