EP3556211A1 - Organische ammoniumsalze von anionischen pestiziden - Google Patents
Organische ammoniumsalze von anionischen pestiziden Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3556211A1 EP3556211A1 EP19157188.4A EP19157188A EP3556211A1 EP 3556211 A1 EP3556211 A1 EP 3556211A1 EP 19157188 A EP19157188 A EP 19157188A EP 3556211 A1 EP3556211 A1 EP 3556211A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- methyl
- acid
- phenyl
- ammonium salt
- und
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
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- 239000005643 Pelargonic acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N octanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC(O)=O WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-8-Octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 3
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- 239000005642 Oleic acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- OBETXYAYXDNJHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-ethylcaproic acid Natural products CCCCC(CC)C(O)=O OBETXYAYXDNJHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 3
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- 230000000361 pesticidal effect Effects 0.000 claims description 20
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- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002671 adjuvant Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000002363 herbicidal effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Malonic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
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- 101150065749 Churc1 gene Proteins 0.000 abstract 4
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- -1 alkali metal salt Chemical class 0.000 description 110
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- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 22
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 21
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- XTDZGXBTXBEZDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(difluoromethyl)-N-(9-isopropyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1,4-methanonaphthalen-5-yl)-1-methylpyrazole-4-carboxamide Chemical compound CC(C)C1C2CCC1C1=C2C=CC=C1NC(=O)C1=CN(C)N=C1C(F)F XTDZGXBTXBEZDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
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- 125000006269 biphenyl-2-yl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C1=C(*)C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 12
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 11
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- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 8
- XZMCDFZZKTWFGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyanamide Chemical compound NC#N XZMCDFZZKTWFGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- MBBZMMPHUWSWHV-BDVNFPICSA-N N-methylglucamine Chemical compound CNC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO MBBZMMPHUWSWHV-BDVNFPICSA-N 0.000 description 7
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- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 6
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- 125000003349 3-pyridyl group Chemical group N1=C([H])C([*])=C([H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 5
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- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 5
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- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 5
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- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000002917 insecticide Substances 0.000 description 5
- RTCOGUMHFFWOJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N nicosulfuron Chemical compound COC1=CC(OC)=NC(NC(=O)NS(=O)(=O)C=2C(=CC=CN=2)C(=O)N(C)C)=N1 RTCOGUMHFFWOJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 5
- KAATUXNTWXVJKI-NSHGMRRFSA-N (1R)-cis-(alphaS)-cypermethrin Chemical compound CC1(C)[C@@H](C=C(Cl)Cl)[C@H]1C(=O)O[C@H](C#N)C1=CC=CC(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 KAATUXNTWXVJKI-NSHGMRRFSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- 239000005631 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000000954 2-hydroxyethyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])O[H] 0.000 description 4
- UPMXNNIRAGDFEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxybenzonitrile Chemical compound OC1=C(Br)C=C(C#N)C=C1Br UPMXNNIRAGDFEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 102000012440 Acetylcholinesterase Human genes 0.000 description 4
- 108010022752 Acetylcholinesterase Proteins 0.000 description 4
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- 150000001350 alkyl halides Chemical class 0.000 description 4
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- CJPQIRJHIZUAQP-MRXNPFEDSA-N benalaxyl-M Chemical compound CC=1C=CC=C(C)C=1N([C@H](C)C(=O)OC)C(=O)CC1=CC=CC=C1 CJPQIRJHIZUAQP-MRXNPFEDSA-N 0.000 description 4
- LLEMOWNGBBNAJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N biphenyl-2-ol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 LLEMOWNGBBNAJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- PUYXTUJWRLOUCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N spiroxamine Chemical compound O1C(CN(CC)CCC)COC11CCC(C(C)(C)C)CC1 PUYXTUJWRLOUCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960005322 streptomycin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000000346 sugar Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000008163 sugars Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- OORLZFUTLGXMEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfentrazone Chemical compound O=C1N(C(F)F)C(C)=NN1C1=CC(NS(C)(=O)=O)=C(Cl)C=C1Cl OORLZFUTLGXMEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BUUPQKDIAURBJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfinic acid Chemical compound OS=O BUUPQKDIAURBJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CCEKAJIANROZEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfluramid Chemical compound CCNS(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F CCEKAJIANROZEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FZMKKCQHDROFNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfometuron Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=NC(NC(=O)NS(=O)(=O)C=2C(=CC=CC=2)C(O)=O)=N1 FZMKKCQHDROFNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YROXIXLRRCOBKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfonylurea Chemical class OC(=N)N=S(=O)=O YROXIXLRRCOBKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005936 tau-Fluvalinate Substances 0.000 description 1
- INISTDXBRIBGOC-XMMISQBUSA-N tau-fluvalinate Chemical compound N([C@H](C(C)C)C(=O)OC(C#N)C=1C=C(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)C=CC=1)C1=CC=C(C(F)(F)F)C=C1Cl INISTDXBRIBGOC-XMMISQBUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QYPNKSZPJQQLRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N tebufenozide Chemical compound C1=CC(CC)=CC=C1C(=O)NN(C(C)(C)C)C(=O)C1=CC(C)=CC(C)=C1 QYPNKSZPJQQLRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LWLJEQHTPVPKSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tebufloquin Chemical compound C1=C(C(C)(C)C)C=C2C(OC(=O)C)=C(C)C(C)=NC2=C1F LWLJEQHTPVPKSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RJKCKKDSSSRYCB-UHFFFAOYSA-N tebutam Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C(=O)N(C(C)C)CC1=CC=CC=C1 RJKCKKDSSSRYCB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960002722 terbinafine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- IROINLKCQGIITA-UHFFFAOYSA-N terbutryn Chemical compound CCNC1=NC(NC(C)(C)C)=NC(SC)=N1 IROINLKCQGIITA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IWVCMVBTMGNXQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N terramycin dehydrate Natural products C1=CC=C2C(O)(C)C3C(O)C4C(N(C)C)C(O)=C(C(N)=O)C(=O)C4(O)C(O)=C3C(=O)C2=C1O IWVCMVBTMGNXQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003512 tertiary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004308 thiabendazole Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010296 thiabendazole Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- GLDAZAQRGCSFNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiencarbazone Chemical compound O=C1N(C)C(OC)=NN1C(=O)NS(=O)(=O)C1=C(C)SC=C1C(O)=O GLDAZAQRGCSFNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XSKZXGDFSCCXQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiencarbazone-methyl Chemical group COC(=O)C1=CSC(C)=C1S(=O)(=O)NC(=O)N1C(=O)N(C)C(OC)=N1 XSKZXGDFSCCXQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LOQQVLXUKHKNIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N thifensulfuron Chemical compound COC1=NC(C)=NC(NC(=O)NS(=O)(=O)C2=C(SC=C2)C(O)=O)=N1 LOQQVLXUKHKNIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AHTPATJNIAFOLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N thifensulfuron-methyl Chemical group S1C=CC(S(=O)(=O)NC(=O)NC=2N=C(OC)N=C(C)N=2)=C1C(=O)OC AHTPATJNIAFOLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WOSNCVAPUOFXEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N thifluzamide Chemical compound S1C(C)=NC(C(F)(F)F)=C1C(=O)NC1=C(Br)C=C(OC(F)(F)F)C=C1Br WOSNCVAPUOFXEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003566 thiocarboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- OPASCBHCTNRLRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiometon Chemical compound CCSCCSP(=S)(OC)OC OPASCBHCTNRLRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QGHREAKMXXNCOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiophanate-methyl Chemical group COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC QGHREAKMXXNCOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QSOHVSNIQHGFJU-UHFFFAOYSA-L thiosultap disodium Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)SCC(N(C)C)CSS([O-])(=O)=O QSOHVSNIQHGFJU-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229940074152 thuringiensin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- IYMLUHWAJFXAQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N topramezone Chemical compound CC1=C(C(=O)C2=C(N(C)N=C2)O)C=CC(S(C)(=O)=O)=C1C1=NOCC1 IYMLUHWAJFXAQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002110 toxicologic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000027 toxicology Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- DQFPEYARZIQXRM-LTGZKZEYSA-N tralkoxydim Chemical compound C1C(=O)C(C(/CC)=N/OCC)=C(O)CC1C1=C(C)C=C(C)C=C1C DQFPEYARZIQXRM-LTGZKZEYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000014616 translation Effects 0.000 description 1
- XOPFESVZMSQIKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N triasulfuron Chemical compound COC1=NC(C)=NC(NC(=O)NS(=O)(=O)C=2C(=CC=CC=2)OCCCl)=N1 XOPFESVZMSQIKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BQZXUHDXIARLEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tribenuron Chemical compound COC1=NC(C)=NC(N(C)C(=O)NS(=O)(=O)C=2C(=CC=CC=2)C(O)=O)=N1 BQZXUHDXIARLEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YMXOXAPKZDWXLY-QWRGUYRKSA-N tribenuron methyl Chemical group COC(=O)[C@H]1CCCC[C@@H]1S(=O)(=O)NC(=O)N(C)C1=NC(C)=NC(OC)=N1 YMXOXAPKZDWXLY-QWRGUYRKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZOKXUAHZSKEQSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tribufos Chemical compound CCCCSP(=O)(SCCCC)SCCCC ZOKXUAHZSKEQSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WCLDITPGPXSPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N tricamba Chemical compound COC1=C(Cl)C=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C1C(O)=O WCLDITPGPXSPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NFACJZMKEDPNKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichlorfon Chemical compound COP(=O)(OC)C(O)C(Cl)(Cl)Cl NFACJZMKEDPNKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZSDSQXJSNMTJDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N trifluralin Chemical compound CCCN(CCC)C1=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C(C(F)(F)F)C=C1[N+]([O-])=O ZSDSQXJSNMTJDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AKTQJCBOGPBERP-UHFFFAOYSA-N triflusulfuron Chemical compound FC(F)(F)COC1=NC(N(C)C)=NC(NC(=O)NS(=O)(=O)C=2C(=CC=CC=2C)C(O)=O)=N1 AKTQJCBOGPBERP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IMEVJVISCHQJRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N triflusulfuron-methyl Chemical group COC(=O)C1=CC=CC(C)=C1S(=O)(=O)NC(=O)NC1=NC(OCC(F)(F)F)=NC(N(C)C)=N1 IMEVJVISCHQJRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000026 trimethylsilyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])[Si]([*])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- DFFWZNDCNBOKDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N trinexapac Chemical compound O=C1CC(C(=O)O)CC(=O)C1=C(O)C1CC1 DFFWZNDCNBOKDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RVKCCVTVZORVGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N trinexapac-ethyl Chemical group O=C1CC(C(=O)OCC)CC(=O)C1=C(O)C1CC1 RVKCCVTVZORVGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KVEQCVKVIFQSGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N tritosulfuron Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C1=NC(OC)=NC(NC(=O)NS(=O)(=O)C=2C(=CC=CC=2)C(F)(F)F)=N1 KVEQCVKVIFQSGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003672 ureas Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- DBXFMOWZRXXBRN-LWKPJOBUSA-N valifenalate Chemical compound CC(C)OC(=O)N[C@@H](C(C)C)C(=O)NC(CC(=O)OC)C1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 DBXFMOWZRXXBRN-LWKPJOBUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LESVOLZBIFDZGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N vamidothion Chemical compound CNC(=O)C(C)SCCSP(=O)(OC)OC LESVOLZBIFDZGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940048462 zinc phosphide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- AMHNZOICSMBGDH-UHFFFAOYSA-L zineb Chemical compound [Zn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S AMHNZOICSMBGDH-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- FJBGIXKIXPUXBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N {2-[3-(4-chlorophenyl)propyl]-2,4,4-trimethyl-1,3-oxazolidin-3-yl}(imidazol-1-yl)methanone Chemical compound C1=CN=CN1C(=O)N1C(C)(C)COC1(C)CCCC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 FJBGIXKIXPUXBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PQHXFGUTAAIHOC-XZZSYSLUSA-N α-(methoxyimino)-n-methyl-2-[[[1-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]ethoxy]imino]methyl]benzeneacetamide Chemical compound CNC(=O)C(=N\OC)\C1=CC=CC=C1\C=N\OC(C)C1=CC=CC(C(F)(F)F)=C1 PQHXFGUTAAIHOC-XZZSYSLUSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
- A01N37/36—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a singly bound oxygen or sulfur atom attached to the same carbon skeleton, this oxygen or sulfur atom not being a member of a carboxylic group or of a thio analogue, or of a derivative thereof, e.g. hydroxy-carboxylic acids
- A01N37/38—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a singly bound oxygen or sulfur atom attached to the same carbon skeleton, this oxygen or sulfur atom not being a member of a carboxylic group or of a thio analogue, or of a derivative thereof, e.g. hydroxy-carboxylic acids having at least one oxygen or sulfur atom attached to an aromatic ring system
- A01N37/40—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a singly bound oxygen or sulfur atom attached to the same carbon skeleton, this oxygen or sulfur atom not being a member of a carboxylic group or of a thio analogue, or of a derivative thereof, e.g. hydroxy-carboxylic acids having at least one oxygen or sulfur atom attached to an aromatic ring system having at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and one oxygen or sulfur atom attached to the same aromatic ring system
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
- A01N25/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests containing liquids as carriers, diluents or solvents
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
- A01N25/22—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests containing ingredients stabilising the active ingredients
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
- A01N37/02—Saturated carboxylic acids or thio analogues thereof; Derivatives thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N39/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing aryloxy- or arylthio-aliphatic or cycloaliphatic compounds, containing the group or, e.g. phenoxyethylamine, phenylthio-acetonitrile, phenoxyacetone
- A01N39/02—Aryloxy-carboxylic acids; Derivatives thereof
- A01N39/04—Aryloxy-acetic acids; Derivatives thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N47/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid
- A01N47/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid the carbon atom having one or more single bonds to nitrogen atoms
- A01N47/28—Ureas or thioureas containing the groups >N—CO—N< or >N—CS—N<
- A01N47/38—Ureas or thioureas containing the groups >N—CO—N< or >N—CS—N< containing the group >N—CO—N< where at least one nitrogen atom is part of a heterocyclic ring; Thio analogues thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C213/00—Preparation of compounds containing amino and hydroxy, amino and etherified hydroxy or amino and esterified hydroxy groups bound to the same carbon skeleton
- C07C213/08—Preparation of compounds containing amino and hydroxy, amino and etherified hydroxy or amino and esterified hydroxy groups bound to the same carbon skeleton by reactions not involving the formation of amino groups, hydroxy groups or etherified or esterified hydroxy groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C215/00—Compounds containing amino and hydroxy groups bound to the same carbon skeleton
- C07C215/02—Compounds containing amino and hydroxy groups bound to the same carbon skeleton having hydroxy groups and amino groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the same carbon skeleton
- C07C215/04—Compounds containing amino and hydroxy groups bound to the same carbon skeleton having hydroxy groups and amino groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the same carbon skeleton the carbon skeleton being saturated
- C07C215/06—Compounds containing amino and hydroxy groups bound to the same carbon skeleton having hydroxy groups and amino groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the same carbon skeleton the carbon skeleton being saturated and acyclic
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C315/00—Preparation of sulfones; Preparation of sulfoxides
- C07C315/04—Preparation of sulfones; Preparation of sulfoxides by reactions not involving the formation of sulfone or sulfoxide groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C317/00—Sulfones; Sulfoxides
- C07C317/24—Sulfones; Sulfoxides having sulfone or sulfoxide groups and doubly-bound oxygen atoms bound to the same carbon skeleton
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C51/00—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides
- C07C51/41—Preparation of salts of carboxylic acids
- C07C51/412—Preparation of salts of carboxylic acids by conversion of the acids, their salts, esters or anhydrides with the same carboxylic acid part
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C53/00—Saturated compounds having only one carboxyl group bound to an acyclic carbon atom or hydrogen
- C07C53/126—Acids containing more than four carbon atoms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C59/00—Compounds having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms and containing any of the groups OH, O—metal, —CHO, keto, ether, groups, groups, or groups
- C07C59/40—Unsaturated compounds
- C07C59/58—Unsaturated compounds containing ether groups, groups, groups, or groups
- C07C59/64—Unsaturated compounds containing ether groups, groups, groups, or groups containing six-membered aromatic rings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C59/00—Compounds having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms and containing any of the groups OH, O—metal, —CHO, keto, ether, groups, groups, or groups
- C07C59/40—Unsaturated compounds
- C07C59/58—Unsaturated compounds containing ether groups, groups, groups, or groups
- C07C59/64—Unsaturated compounds containing ether groups, groups, groups, or groups containing six-membered aromatic rings
- C07C59/66—Unsaturated compounds containing ether groups, groups, groups, or groups containing six-membered aromatic rings the non-carboxylic part of the ether containing six-membered aromatic rings
- C07C59/68—Unsaturated compounds containing ether groups, groups, groups, or groups containing six-membered aromatic rings the non-carboxylic part of the ether containing six-membered aromatic rings the oxygen atom of the ether group being bound to a non-condensed six-membered aromatic ring
- C07C59/70—Ethers of hydroxy-acetic acid, e.g. substitutes on the ring
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D401/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom
- C07D401/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings
- C07D401/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings linked by a chain containing hetero atoms as chain links
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2601/00—Systems containing only non-condensed rings
- C07C2601/12—Systems containing only non-condensed rings with a six-membered ring
- C07C2601/14—The ring being saturated
Definitions
- the invention relates to organic ammonium salts of anionic pesticides, to a process for their preparation, to agrochemical compositions containing these salts, and to processes for controlling harmful organisms using said salts and compositions.
- Pesticides are synthetic or naturally derived chemicals that invade, damage and / or destroy plant cells, tissues or parasitic organisms in or on the plant.
- the largest proportion of pesticides are herbicides.
- Pesticides are usually used in the form of liquid or solid concentrated formulations (formulations) in agriculture. These make it easier for the user to handle or ensure a higher effectiveness of the active ingredient.
- the formulations are usually diluted before use with water and then applied by spray application.
- Water-soluble concentrates are an important form of pesticide formulations. They play a major role especially in herbicides, the pesticides are often used as water-soluble salts, which are converted by neutralization of the acid form of the herbicides with suitable bases in their alkali or ammonium salts. There may be a second non-water-soluble active ingredient in the pesticide preparation. Then it is a suspension concentrate (SC), even if an active ingredient is dissolved in the aqueous phase.
- SC suspension concentrate
- a particularly important role is played by the water-soluble salts of herbicides, for example glyphosate, glufosinate or auxin herbicides such as clodinafop, 2,4-D, MCPA or quinclorac.
- herbicides for example glyphosate, glufosinate or auxin herbicides such as clodinafop, 2,4-D, MCPA or quinclorac.
- They are preferably used as alkali metal salt or in the form of various ammonium salts or as a mixture of these salts mostly as aqueous formulations.
- EP-A 0 375 624 discloses low volatile salts of pesticides with various polyamines.
- the invention further provides a process for preparing an ammonium salt according to the invention, in which the protonated form of an anionic herbicide is reacted with a glucamine of the formula (II), wherein the symbols have the meanings given in the formula (I).
- the invention further relates to the use of the ammonium salts according to the invention as pesticides.
- the invention likewise relates to a method for controlling harmful organisms, wherein the harmful organism or its habitat is brought into contact with an ammonium salt (I) or a pesticidal composition according to the invention.
- the invention furthermore relates to the use of an ammonium salt according to the invention for reducing the volatility of the anionic pesticide present as a salt.
- ammonium salts (I) according to the invention are outstandingly suitable for use as aqueous spray applications and show in particular a good water solubility and reduced volatility with no increased drift in the application.
- the pentahydroxyhexyl radical in the alkylglucamines of the formula (I) and (II) has various chiral centers, so that in each case several stereoisomers can exist.
- the alkylglucamines of the formula (II) are prepared from naturally occurring sugars, such as D-glucose, but in principle it is also possible to use other natural or synthetic hexoses or other C 6 units, so that different stereoisomers of the formulas (I) and (II) can result.
- Dimethylglucamine can, for example, according to EP-A 0 614 881 getting produced.
- Dimethylglucamine can be used as a 50% aqueous solution.
- Hydroxyethyl-N-methylglucamine can be prepared by reacting N-methylglucamine with ethylene oxide in aqueous solution.
- Dimethylglucamine and hydroxyethyl-N-methyl-glucamine are as tertiary amines less prone to the formation of nitrosamines and therefore preferred.
- the alkylglucamines of the formula (II) are preferably based on renewable raw materials and are distinguished by a favorable toxicological and ecological profile.
- the group (A) - in the formula (I) represents an anionic pesticide.
- the anionic pesticide is preferably the conjugated base of a pesticidal Br ⁇ nsted acid having a pK a of from 1.5 to 7, preferably from 2 to 6, and most preferably from 2.5 to 5.5.
- the conjugate base of the anionic pesticide has at least one carboxylic acid, thiocarboxylic acid, sulfonic acid, thiosulfonic acid, sulfinic acid, phosphonic acid, sulfonylurea, sulfonicarbamate, phenol, hydrobenzonitrile, ketoenol and / or triketone group.
- carboxylic acid and phosphonic acid groups Preference is given to carboxylic acid and phosphonic acid groups.
- pesticides are anionic herbicides, plant growth regulators. Insecticides, acaricides, fungicides, bactericides, nematicides, plant nutrients and repellents. Preference is given to anionic herbicides, growth regulators and insecticides, in particular herbicides.
- anionic pesticides from the group of herbicides are preferred: acifluorfen, aminocyclopyrachlor, aminopyralid, amitrole, asulam, benazoline, bensulfuron, bentazone, bialafos, bispyribac, bromacil, bromoxynil, bicyclopyrone, chlorflurenol, chlorothal, clodinafop, cloprop, clopyralid, 4- CPA, 4-CPB, 4-CPP, Cyhalofop, 2,4-D, Dalapon, 2,4-DB, 3,4-DA, 3,4-DB, 3,4-DP, 2,4,5- T, 2,4,5-TB, Dicamba, dichlorprop, dichlorprop-P, diflufenzopyr, diclofop, endothal, fenoprop, fenoxaprop, fenthiaprop, flamprop, flamprop-m, florasulam, fluazifop, fluazifop
- anionic pesticides from the group of growth regulators: abscisic acid, glyphosine, indole-3-acetic acid, indole-4-butyric acid, jasmonic acid, 1-naphthylacetic acid, 2-naphthylacetic acid, naphthyloxyacetic acid, prohexadione, salicylic acid, 2,3,5 Triiodobenzoic acid and trinexapac.
- anionic pesticides from the group of insecticides thuringiensin and insecticidal free ketoenols such as spirotetramat (free enol) and pinoxaden.
- anionic pesticides from the group of fungicides fosetyl, polyoxorim and polyoxin D.
- anionic pesticides are bicyclopyrone, bromoxynil, clopyralid, 2,4-D (2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid), dicamba, diquat, fomesafen, florasulam, fomesafen, glufosinate, glyphosate, MCPA, mesotrione, nicosulfuron, pelargonic acid, quinclorac, quinmerac , Salicylic sulcotrione, tembotrione and triclopyr.
- bromoxynil clopyralid, 2,4-D, dicamba and pelargonic acid.
- Preferred, particularly preferred, very particularly preferably and especially preferably the Dimethylglucammoniumsalze the preferred, particularly preferred, very particularly preferred or especially preferred anionic pesticides are A -.
- ammonium salts (I) according to the invention exhibit substantially the same spectrum of activity as the corresponding pesticides A and can thus be used against the same target organisms known to the person skilled in the art.
- ammonium salts (I) according to the invention can be used to prepare pesticidal compositions according to the invention, in particular aqueous herbicidal compositions, with excellent activity and excellent performance properties, such as reduced volatility without altered drift.
- the amount of the one or more ammonium salts (I) a) in the compositions according to the invention is more than 100 g / l, preferably more than 200 g / l and particularly preferably more than 300 g / l. These quantities are based on the total weight of the pesticide composition according to the invention and on Amount of free acid (ie the protonated form), the so-called acid equivalent (ae) of the anionic pesticides A.
- the formulation auxiliaries (b) are, for example, solvents, surfactants, defoamers, functional polymers, adjuvants, antifreeze agents, preservatives, dyes and / or ammonium salts.
- a solvent is water.
- cosolvents may be a single solvent or a mixture of two or more solvents. All polar solvents that are compatible with the aqueous pesticidal composition and form a homogeneous phase are suitable for this.
- Suitable cosolvents are, for example, monohydric alcohols, such as methanol, ethanol, propanols, butanols, benzyl alcohol or other polyhydric alcohols, such as ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, glycerol or polyglycols, such as polyethylene, polypropylene or mixed polyalkylene glycols (PAGs).
- ethers such as, for example, propylene glycol mono- or dimethyl ether, dipropylene glycol mono- or dimethyl ethers, amides, for example N-methyl- or N-ethylpyrrolidone, lactic acid, caprylic or decanoic acid dimethylamide.
- the surfactants may generally be any nonionic, amphoteric, cationic or anionic surfactant compatible with the composition.
- nonionic surfactants are glucamides, in particular as in WO 2014/067663 Ethoxylates and alkoxylates of relatively long-chain aliphatic or aromatic alcohols, fatty amine ethoxylates, longer-chain etheramine alkoxylates, (optionally ethoxylated) sorbitan esters, alkylpolyglycosides.
- Suitable amphoteric surfactants include long-chain alkyl dimethyl betaines or alkyl dimethyl amine oxides, or alkyl dimethylaminamidopropyl amine oxides.
- anionic surfactants are, for example, ether sulfates of ethoxylated fatty alcohols, reaction products of (optionally ethoxylated) long-chain alcohols with phosphoric acid derivatives suitable.
- Long-chain are suitable linear or branched hydrocarbon chains having at least 6 and not more than 22 carbon atoms.
- Suitable defoamers are fatty acid alkyl ester alkoxylates, organopolysiloxanes such as polydimethylsiloxanes and mixtures thereof with microfine, optionally silanized silica; Perfluoroalkyl phosphonates and phosphinates, paraffins, waxes and microcrystalline waxes and their mixtures with silanated silica. Also advantageous are mixtures of various foam inhibitors, for example those of silicone oil, paraffin oil and / or waxes. Preferred are those in the German patent application DE 10 2014 208 244.7 described defoamers.
- the functional polymers which may be included in the pesticidal composition of the present invention are high molecular weight compounds of synthetic or natural origin having a molecular weight greater than 10,000.
- the functional polymers can act, for example, as an anti-drift agent or increase rainfastness.
- the pesticidal compositions of the invention contain one or more adjuvants known to be useful in aqueous pesticidal compositions.
- fatty amine ethoxylates preferably fatty amine ethoxylates, ether amine ethoxylates, alkyl betaines or amidoalkyl betaines, amine oxides or amidoalkyl amine oxides, alkyl polyglycosides or copolymers of glycerol, coconut fatty acid and phthalic acid.
- glucamides in particular as in WO 2014/067663 described.
- organic acids and their esters for example ascorbic acid, ascorbic palmitate, sorbate, benzoic acid, methyl and propyl 4-hydroxybenzoate, propionates, phenol, for example 2-phenylphenate, 1,2-benzisothiazolin-3-one, formaldehyde, sulfurous acid and their salts are used.
- Suitable antifreeze agents are, for example, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, glycerol and urea
- Suitable ammonium salts are water-soluble ammonium salts such as ammonium sulfate, ammonium nitrate, ammonium nitrate urea, ammonium phosphate, ammonium citrate, ammonium thiosulfate and / or ammonium chloride, preferably ammonium sulfate, ammonium nitrate, ammonium citrate and / or ammonium nitrate urea, more preferably ammonium sulfate.
- ammonium sulfate such as ammonium sulfate, ammonium nitrate, ammonium nitrate urea, ammonium phosphate, ammonium citrate, ammonium thiosulfate and / or ammonium chloride, preferably ammonium sulfate, ammonium nitrate, ammonium citrate and / or ammonium nitrate urea, more preferably ammonium sulfate.
- the pesticide compositions may contain other pesticides c).
- pesticides c which can form combination partners of the ammonium salts (I).
- anionic pesticides they can of course also be used as ammonium salts of the formula (I).
- herbicides examples include:
- Active substances which are based on an inhibition of, for example, acetolactate synthase, acetyl-CoA carboxylase, cellulose synthase, enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase, glutamine synthetase, p-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase, phytoene desaturase, photosystem I, photosystem II, protoporphyrinogen Oxidase based, can be used, as for example Weed Research 26 (1986) 441 445 or " The Pesticide Manual, 16th edition, The British Crop Protection Council and the Royal Soc. Of Chemistry, 2012 and cited there literature are described.
- Examples of known herbicides or plant growth regulators which can be combined with the compounds according to the invention are the following active substances (the compounds are either with the "common name” according to the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) or with the chemical name or with the code number and always include all forms of use such as acids, salts, esters and isomers such as stereoisomers and optical isomers.
- ISO International Organization for Standardization
- plant growth regulators are natural plant hormones, such as esters of salicylic acid, kinetin and brassinosteroids.
- substances which can act as plant growth regulators and / or plant strengthening agents in order to reduce the influence of stress factors such as heat, cold, drought, salt, oxygen deficiency or flooding on plant growth.
- stress factors such as heat, cold, drought, salt, oxygen deficiency or flooding on plant growth.
- examples include glycine betaine (betaine), choline, potassium phosphate or other phosphate salts, and silicates.
- plant nutrients include common inorganic or organic fertilizers for the supply of plants with macro and / or micronutrients.
- bactericides are:
- drugs with unknown mechanism of action such as amidoflumet, azadirachtin, benclothiaz, benzoximate, bifenazate, bromopropylate, quinomethionate, cryolites, cyantraniliprole (cyazypyr), Cyflumetofen, dicofol, diflovidazine, fluensulfone, flufenerim, flufiprole, fluopyram, fufenocide, imidaclothiz, iprodione, pyralidyl, pyrifluquinazone and iodomethane; furthermore preparations based on Bacillus firmus (I-1582, BioNeem, Votivo) and the following known active compounds: 3-Bromo-N- ⁇ 2-bromo-4-chloro-6 - [(1-cyclopropylethyl) carbamoyl] phenyl ⁇ -1- (3-chloropyridin-2
- the pesticides of component c) may also be a combination of two or more pesticides. Such combinations are particularly important when it comes, for example, to broaden the spectrum of action of the pesticide composition or better to prevent resistance to certain pesticides.
- the amount of the one or more pesticides of component c) in the compositions according to the invention is more than 100 g / l, preferably more than 200 g / l and particularly preferably more than 300 g / l. These quantities are based on the total weight of the pesticidal composition according to the invention and, in the case of pesticides used in the form of their water-soluble salts, on the amount of free acid, the so-called acid equivalent (a.e.).
- the pH of the pesticidal compositions is usually in the range of 3.5 to 8.5, preferably 4.0 to 8.0 and more preferably 4.5 to 6.5 (measured as 1% by weight aqueous dilution ).
- the pH is primarily determined by the pH of the solutions of the aqueous pesticides present as salts of weak acids. By adding acids or bases, the pH can be adjusted to a value different from the original pH of the mixture.
- the pesticidal compositions according to the invention are present as concentrate formulations which are diluted before use, in particular with water (for example “ready-to-use", “in-can” or “built-in” Formulations), and contain the one or more ammonium salts (I) generally in amounts of 5 to 80 wt .-%, preferably from 10 to 70 wt .-% and particularly preferably from 20 to 60 wt .-%. These quantities refer to the entire concentrate formulation.
- the pesticidal compositions according to the invention are preferably applied to the fields in the form of spray liquors.
- the spray mixtures are prepared by dilution of concentrate formulations with a defined amount of water.
- the pesticidal compositions according to the invention are present as spray liquors and contain from 0.001 to 10% by weight, preferably 0.02 to 3% by weight and particularly preferably 0.025 to 2% by weight of the one or more ammonium salts (I) Component a).
- the invention further relates to the use of the pesticidal compositions according to the invention for controlling and / or controlling weeds, fungal diseases or insect infestation. Preference is given to the use of the compositions according to the invention for controlling and / or controlling weeds.
- the one or more water-soluble pesticides of component g) and components a) to d) and additionally water may also be present in the form of a so-called "tank-mix" preparation.
- tank-mix both the one or more water-soluble pesticides and components a) to d), the latter optionally together with other adjuvants, are present separately from one another. Both preparations are before application, usually shortly before, mixed together to form a pesticidal composition according to the invention.
- the invention also provides a method for controlling harmful organisms, wherein the harmful organism or its habitat is brought into contact with an ammonium salt (I) or a pesticidal composition according to the invention.
- the harmful organisms are preferably unwanted plants, the pesticide then being a herbicide or a mixture of herbicides.
- DMG dimethylglucamine
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Abstract
Description
- Die Erfindung betrifft organische Ammoniumsalze von anionischen Pestiziden, ein Verfahren zu deren Herstellung, agrochemische Zusammensetzungen, welche diese Salze enthalten, sowie Verfahren zur Bekämpfung von Schadorganismen unter Verwendung der genannten Salze und Zusammensetzungen.
- Pestizide (vor allem Herbizide, Fungizide und Insektizide) sind chemische Substanzen synthetisch hergestellt oder natürlichen Ursprungs, die in Pflanzenzellen, -gewebe oder in parasitäre Organismen in oder auf der Pflanze eindringen und diese schädigen und/oder zerstören. Den größten Anteil an Pestiziden stellen Herbizide dar. Pestizide werden üblicherweise in Form von flüssigen oder festen konzentrierten Zubereitungen (Formulierungen) in der Landwirtschaft eingesetzt. Die erleichtern dem Anwender so die Handhabung oder sorgen für eine höhere Wirksamkeit des Wirkstoffs. Die Formulierungen werden üblicherweise vor dem Einsatz mit Wasser verdünnt und anschließend durch Sprühapplikation ausgebracht.
- Wasserlösliche Konzentrate (Soluble Liquids, abgekürzt mit SL) sind eine wichtige Form der Pestizidzubereitungen. Sie spielen insbesondere bei Herbiziden eine große Rolle, wobei die Pestizide oftmals als wasserlösliche Salze, die durch Neutralisation der Säureform der Herbizide mit geeigneten Basen in ihre Alkali- oder Ammoniumsalze überführt werden, eingesetzt werden. Unter Umständen ist ein zweiter nicht wasserlöslicher Wirkstoff in der Pestizidzubereitung enthalten. Dann handelt es sich um ein Suspensionskonzentrat (SC), auch wenn in der wässrigen Phase ein Wirkstoff gelöst ist.
- Eine besonders wichtige Rolle spielen die wasserlöslichen Salze von Herbiziden, beispielsweise des Glyphosats, Glufosinats oder der Auxin-Herbizide wie Clodinafop, 2,4-D, MCPA oder Quinclorac. Sie werden vorzugsweise als Alkalimetallsalz oder in Form verschiedener Ammoniumsalze bzw. als Gemisch dieser Salze meistens als wässrige Formulierungen verwendet.
- Bei der Anwendung von Pestiziden ist es von Vorteil, wenn diese eine geringe Flüchtigkeit aufweisen, da eine hohe Flüchtigkeit insbesondere mit einem verstärkten Verwehen (Drift) kleinerer Spritztröpfchen unter 150mm Tropfendurchmesser der Pestizide mit hohen Verlusten und Eintrag in die Nichtzielvegetation beim Sprühen verbunden ist. Ein solches Verwehen ist aus ökologischen und ökonomischen Gründen unerwünscht, da unbeabsichtigte Schäden verursacht werden könnten und die Wirkung der Pestizide auf die Zielorganismen herabgesetzt wird.
- Um diesen Effekt zu vermeiden, ist es bekannt, flüchtige Pestizide, die in Form freier Säuren vorliegen, als Salze einzusetzen.
-
US 4,405,531 undWO 97/24931 - In
US 5,221,791 sind Aminoalkylpyrrolidon-Salze von Pestiziden wie Dicamba beschrieben. -
EP-A 0 375 624 offenbart schwerflüchtige Salze von Pestiziden mit verschiedenen Polyaminen. - In der
EP-A 0 183 384 sind schwerflüchtige Salze von Dicamba mit Aminoalkoholen beschrieben. - Obwohl mit den bekannten Systemen bereits gute Ergebnisse erzielt werden, bleibt doch ein breiter Raum für Verbesserungen, insbesondere im Hinblick auf eine Erhöhung der Wasserlöslichkeit der Wirkstoffe im Konzentrat, eine geringere Volatilität der Wirkstoffe und eine verbesserte Wirksamkeit durch bessere Aufnahme.
- Es wurde nun gefunden, dass sich die Salze von Mono- und Dialkylglucaminen mit anionischen Pestiziden in besonderer Weise zum Einsatz als wässrige Spritzapplikationen eignen.
-
- (A)-
- ist ein anionisches Pestizid,
- R1
- ist H, C1-C4-Alkyl, CH2CH2OH oder CH2CH(CH3)OH;
- R
- ist H, CH3 oder zwei benachbarte Reste R bilden zusammen eine Gruppe -C(R')- und
- R'
- ist gleich oder verschieden H oder CH3.
-
- Weiterhin Gegenstand der Erfindung ist die Verwendung der erfindungsgemäßen Ammoniumsalze als Pestizide.
- Ebenso Gegenstand der Erfindung ist eine Pestizidzusammensetzung, enthaltend
- a) ein oder mehrere erfindungsgemäße Ammoniumsalze (I) und
- b) einen oder mehrere Formulierungshilfsstoffe.
- Ebenso Gegenstand der Erfindung ist ein Verfahren zur Bekämpfung von Schadorganismen, wobei man den Schadorganismus oder dessen Lebensraum mit einem erfindungsgemäßen Ammoniumsalz (I) oder einer erfindungsgemäßen Pestizidzusammensetzung in Kontakt bringt.
- Weiterhin Gegenstand der Erfindung ist die Verwendung eines erfindungsgemäßen Ammoniumsalzes zur Verminderung der Flüchtigkeit des als Salz vorliegenden anionischen Pestizids.
- Die erfindungsgemäßen Ammoniumsalze (I) eignen sich in hervorragender Weise zum Einsatz als wässrige Spritzapplikationen und zeigen insbesondere eine gute Wasserlöslichkeit und verminderte Flüchtigkeit bei nicht erhöhter Drift in der Anwendung.
-
- R1
- ist H, C1-C4-Alkyl, CH2CH2OH oder CH2CH(CH3)OH;
- R
- ist H, CH3 oder zwei benachbarte Reste R bilden zusammen eine Gruppe -C(R')- und
- R'
- ist gleich oder verschieden H oder CH3.
- Bevorzugt haben die Symbole in den Formeln (I) und (II) folgende Bedeutungen:
- R1
- ist bevorzugt H, C1-C4-Alkyl oder CH2CH2OH.
- R
- ist bevorzugt H oder CH3.
- Bevorzugt sind Kationen, in denen alle Symbole die bevorzugten Bedeutungen haben.
- Besonders bevorzugt haben die Symbole in den Formeln (I) und (II) folgende Bedeutungen:
- R1
- ist besonders bevorzugt H, CH3 oder CH2CH2OH.
- R
- ist besonders bevorzugt H.
- Besonders bevorzugt sind Kationen, in denen alle Symbole die besonders bevorzugten Bedeutungen haben.
- Ganz besonders bevorzugt sind protoniertes Dimethylglucamin (R1 = CH3, R = H) und Hydroxyethylglucamin (R1 = CH2CH2OH, R = H).
- Der Pentahydroxyhexylrest in den Alkylglucaminen der Formel (I) und (II) verfügt über verschiedene chirale Zentren, so dass jeweils mehrere Stereoisomere existieren können. Üblicherweise werden die Alkylglucamine der Formel (II) aus natürlich vorkommenden Zuckern, wie der D-Glucose hergestellt, grundsätzlich ist aber auch die Verwendung anderer natürlicher oder synthetischer Hexosen oder anderer C6-Bausteine möglich, so dass unterschiedliche Stereoisomere der Formeln (I) und (II) resultieren können.
- Die Herstellung der Alkylglucamine der Formel (II) ist hinlänglich vorbeschrieben und dem Fachmann bekannt. Sie erfolgt (für Verbindungen mit R1 = C1-C4-Alkyl) beispielsweise wie in der
EP-A 1 676 831 beschrieben durch reduktive Alkylierung von N-Alkylpolyhydroxylaminen mit Aldehyden oder Ketonen in Gegenwart von Wasserstoff und eines Übergangsmetallkatalysators. - Dimethylglucamin kann beispielsweise gemäß
EP-A 0 614 881 hergestellt werden. Dimethylglucamin ist als 50 % wässrige Lösung einsetzbar. Hydroxyethyl-N-Methyl-glucamin kann durch Reaktion von N-methylglucamin mit Ethylenoxid in wässriger Lösung hergestellt werden. Dimethylglucamin und Hydroxyethyl-N-Methyl-glucamin sind als tertiäre Amine wenig anfällig für die Bildung von Nitrosaminen und dementsprechend bevorzugt. - Verbindungen, in denen zwei benachbarte Reste R zusammen eine Gruppe -C(R')- bilden, können durch Bildung des entsprechenden Acetonids oder Acetals mit Aceton beziehungsweise Acetaldehyd oder Formaldehyd erhalten werden.
- Die Alkylglucamine der Formel (II) basieren bevorzugt auf nachwachsenden Rohstoffen und zeichnen sich durch ein vorteilhaftes toxikologisches und ökologisches Profil aus.
- Die Gruppe (A)- in der Formel (I) steht für ein anionisches Pestizid.
- Das anionische Pestizid ist bevorzugt die konjugierte Base einer pestiziden Brønsted Säure, die einem pKa-Wert von 1,5 bis 7, bevorzugt 2 bis 6 und besonders bevorzugt 2,5 bis 5,5 aufweist.
- Bevorzugt weist die konjugierte Base des anionischen Pestizids mindestens eine Carbonsäure-, Thiocarbonsäure-, Sulfonsäure-, Thiosulfonsäure-, Sulfinsäure-, Phosphonsäure-, Sulfonylharnstoff-, Sulfonicarbamat-, Phenol-, Hydrobenzonitril-, Ketoenol- und/oder Triketongruppe auf. Bevorzugt sind Carbonsäure- und Phosphonsäuregruppen.
- Vorzugsweise genannt seien als Pestizide anionische Herbizide, Pflanzenwuchsregulatoren. Insektizide, Akarizide, Fungizide, Bakterizide, Nematizide, Pflanzennährstoffe und Repellents. Bevorzugt sind anionische Herbizide, Wachstumsregulatoren und Insektizide, insbesondere Herbizide.
- Bevorzugt sind die folgenden anionischen Pestizide aus der Gruppe der Herbizide: Acifluorfen, Aminocyclopyrachlor, Aminopyralid, Amitrol, Asulam, Benazolin, Bensulfuron, Bentazon, Bialafos, Bispyribac, Bromacil, Bromoxynil, Bicyclopyron, Chlorflurenol, Chlorthal, Clodinafop, Cloprop, Clopyralid, 4-CPA, 4-CPB, 4-CPP, Cyhalofop, 2,4-D, Dalapon, 2,4-DB, 3,4-DA, 3,4-DB, 3,4-DP, 2,4,5-T, 2,4,5-TB, Dicamba, Dichlorprop, Dichlorprop-P, Diflufenzopyr, Diclofop, Endothal, Fenoprop, Fenoxaprop, Fenthiaprop, Flamprop, Flamprop-M, Florasulam, Fluazifop, Fluazifop-P, Flucarbazone, Flufenpyr, Flumiclorac, Fluoroglycofen, Flupropanate, Flurenol, Fluroxypyr, Fluthiacet, Fomesafen, Foramsulfuron, Fosamine, Glufosinat, Glufosinat-P, Glyphosat, Halosulfuron, Haloxyfop, Haloxyfop-P, Imizameth, Imazamethabenz, Imazamox, Imazapic, Imazapyr, Imazaquin, Imazethapyr, Isoxapyrifop, Lactofen, MCPA, MCPA -thioethyl, MCPB, Mecoprop, Mecoprop-P, Mesosulfuron, Mesotrione, Nicosulfuron, Octansäure, Ölsäure, Pelargonsäure, Picloram, Primisulfuron, Propaquizafop, Propoxycarbazone, Pyraflufen, Pyriminobac, Pyrithiobac, Pyroxsulam, Quinclorac, Quinmerac, Quizalofop, Quizalofop-P, Sulcotrione, Sulfometuron, 2,3,6-TBA, TCA, Tembotrione, Thiencarbazone, Topramezone, Tricamba, Triclopyr und Trifopsinsäure.
- Bevorzugt sind weiterhin die folgenden anionischen Pestizide aus der Gruppe der Wachstumsregulatoren: Abscisinsäure, Glyphosin, Indol-3-essigsäure, Indol-4-buttersäure, Jasmonsäure, 1-Naphthylessigsäure, 2-Naphthylessigsäure, Naphthyloxyessigsäure, Prohexadion, Salicylsäure, 2,3,5-Triiodbenzoesäure und Trinexapac.
- Bevorzugt sind auch die folgenden anionischen Pestizide aus der Gruppe der Insektizide: Thuringiensin und insektizide freie Ketoenole wie Spirotetramat (freies Enol) und Pinoxaden. Ebenso bevorzugt sind die folgenden anionischen Pestizide aus der Gruppe der Fungizide: Fosetyl, Polyoxorim und Polyoxin D.
- Besonders bevorzugt als anionische Pestizide sind Bicyclopyron, Bromoxynil, Clopyralid, 2,4-D (2,4-Dichlorphenoxyessigsäure), Dicamba, Diquat, Fomesafen, Florasulam, Fomesafen, Glufosinat, Glyphosat, MCPA, Mesotrione, Nicosulfuron, Pelargonsäure, Quinclorac, Quinmerac, Salicylsäure Sulcotrione, Tembotrione und Triclopyr.
- Ganz besonders bevorzugt sind Bromoxynil, Clopyralid, 2,4-D, Dicamba, Fomesafen, MCPA, Pelargonsäure, Sulcotrione und Triclopyr.
- Insbesondere bevorzugt sind Bromoxynil, Clopyralid, 2,4-D, Dicamba und Pelargonsäure.
- Bevorzugt, besonders bevorzugt, ganz besonders bevorzugt und insbesondere bevorzugt sind auch die Dimethylglucammoniumsalze der bevorzugten, besonders bevorzugt, ganz besonders bevorzugt beziehungsweise insbesondere bevorzugten anionischen Pestizide A-.
- Die genannten Pestizide sind bekannt und kommerziell erhältlich. Sie sind beispielsweise beschrieben in Weed Research 26 (1986) 441 445 oder "The Pesticide Manual", 16th edition, The British Crop Protection Council and the Royal Soc. of Chemistry, 2012 und der dort zitierten Literatur.
- Die erfindungsgemäßen Ammoniumsalze (I) zeigen im Wesentlichen dasselbe Wirkspektrum wie die entsprechenden Pestizide A und können somit gegen dieselben, dem Fachmann bekannten Zielorganismen eingesetzt werden.
- Mit den erfindungsgemäßen Ammoniumsalzen (I) lassen sich erfindungsgemäße Pestizidzusammensetzungen, insbesondere wässrige Herbizid-Zusammensetzungen herstellen, mit ausgezeichneter Wirkung und ausgezeichneten anwendungstechnischen Eigenschaften, wie der verringerten Flüchtigkeit ohne veränderte Drift.
- Die Pestizidzusammensetzungen enthalten
- a) ein oder mehrere erfindungsgemäße Ammoniumsalze (I), wie oben beschrieben, und
- b) einen oder mehrere Formulierungshilfsstoffe.
- In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung beträgt die Menge des einen oder der mehreren Ammoniumsalze (I) a) in den erfindungsgemäßen Zusammensetzungen mehr als 100 g/l, bevorzugt mehr als 200 g/l und besonders bevorzugt mehr als 300 g/l. Diese Mengenangaben beziehen sich auf das Gesamtgewicht der erfindungsgemäßen Pestizidzusammensetzung und auf die Menge an freier Säure (d.h. der protonierten Form), dem sogenannten Säureäquivalent ("acid equivalent", a.e.) der anionischen Pestizide A.
- Bei den Formulierungshilfsstoffen (b) handelt es sich beispielsweise um Lösungsmittel, Tenside, Entschäumer, funktionelle Polymere, Adjuvants, Frostschutzmittel, Konservierungsmittel, Farbstoffe und/oder Ammoniumsalze.
- Bevorzugt als Lösungsmittel ist Wasser. Bevorzugt ist auch der Einsatz von einem oder mehreren Cosolventien. Bei den Cosolventien kann es sich um ein einziges Lösemittel oder ein Gemisch zweier oder mehrerer Lösemittel handeln. Dazu eignen sich alle polaren Lösemittel, die mit der wässrigen Pestizidzusammensetzung kompatibel sind und eine homogene Phase bilden. Geeignete Cosolventien sind beispielsweise einwertige Alkohole, wie Methanol, Ethanol, Propanole, Butanole, Benzylalkohol oder weitere mehrwertige Alkohole wie Ethylenglykol, Diethylenglykol, Propylenglykol, Dipropylenglykol, Glycerin oder Polyglykole wie Polyethylen-, Polypropylen- oder gemischte Polyalkylenglykole (PAGs). Weitere geeignete Lösemittel sind Ether wie beispielsweise Propylenglykolmono- oder dimethylether, Dipropylenglykolmono- oder dimethylether, Amide wie beispielsweise N-Methyl- oder N-Ethylpyrrolidon, Milchsäure-, Capryl- oder Decansäuredimethylamid.
- Bei den Tensiden kann es sich generell um alle mit der Zusammensetzung kompatiblen nichtionischen, amphoteren, kationischen oder anionische Tenside handeln.
- Beispiele für nicht-ionische Tenside sind Glucamide, insbesondere wie in der
WO 2014/067663 beschrieben, Ethoxylate und Alkoxylate von längerkettigen aliphastischen oder aromatischen Alkoholen, Fettaminethoxylate, längerkettige Etheraminalkoxylate, (gegebenenfalls ethoxylierte) Sorbitanester, Alkylpolyglycoside. Geeignete amphotere Tenside sind u.a. langkettige Alkyldimethylbetaine oder Alkyldimethylaminoxide, oder Alkyldimethylaminamidopropylaminoxide. Unter den anionischen Tensiden sind beispielsweise Ethersulfate von ethoxylierten Fettalkoholen, Umsetzungsprodukte von (gegebenenfalls ethoxylierten) langkettigen Alkoholen mit Phosphorsäurederivaten geeignet. Unter langkettig werden lineare oder verzweigte Kohlenwasserstoffketten mit mindestens 6 und maximal 22 Kohlenstoffatomen geeignet. - Als Entschäumer eignen sich Fettsäurealkylesteralkoxylate, Organopolysiloxane wie Polydimethylsiloxane und deren Gemische mit mikrofeiner, gegebenenfalls silanierter Kieselsäure; Perfluoralkylphosphonate und -phosphinate, Paraffine, Wachse und Mikrokristallinwachse und deren Gemische mit silanierter Kieselsäure. Vorteilhaft sind auch Gemische verschiedener Schauminhibitoren, beispielsweise solche aus Silikonöl, Paraffinöl und/oder Wachsen. Bevorzugt sind die in der deutschen Patentanmeldung
DE 10 2014 208 244.7 beschriebenen Entschäumer. - Bei den funktionellen Polymeren, die in der erfindungsgemäßen Pestizid-Zusammensetzung enthalten sein können, handelt es sich hochmolekulare Verbindungen synthetischen oder natürlichen Ursprungs mit einer Molmasse von größer als 10.000. Die funktionellen Polymere können beispielsweise als Antidrift-Agent wirken oder die Regenfestigkeit steigern.
- In einer weiteren Ausführungsform der Erfindung enthalten die erfindungsgemäßen Pestizidzusammensetzungen ein oder mehrere Adjuvantien, wie sie bekanntermaßen in wässrigen Pestizidzusammensetzungen verwendet werden können.
- Bevorzugt sind dies Fettaminethoxylate, Etheraminethoxylate, Alkylbetaine oder Amidoalkylbetaine, Aminoxide oder Amidoalkylaminoxide, Alkylpolylglycoside oder Copolymere aus Glycerin, Kokosfettsäure und Phthalsäure.
- Diese Adjuvantien sind aus der Literatur bekannt und beispielsweise in der
WO 2009/029561 beschrieben. - Weiterhin bevorzugt als Adjuvantien sind Glucamide, insbesondere wie in der
WO 2014/067663 beschrieben. - Ebenso bevorzugt als Adjuvantien sind driftreduzierende Polyglycerinester wie in der
WO 2014/063818 beschrieben, welche ein oder mehrere Copolymere A) enthalten, wobei die Copolymere eine oder mehrere Struktureinheiten, hervorgegangen aus - a) 19,9 bis 75,9 Gew.-% Glycerin
- b) 0,1 bis 30 Gew.-% mindestens einer Dicarbonsäure und
- c) 24 bis 80 Gew.-% mindestens einer Monocarbonsäure gemäß Formel (III),
R2-COOH (III)
wobei R2 (C5-C29)-Alkyl; (C7-C29)-Alkenyl; Phenyl oder Naphthyl darstellt, enthalten. - Als Konservierungsmittel können organische Säuren und ihre Ester, beispielsweise Ascorbinsäure, Ascorbinpalmitat, Sorbat, Benzoesäure, Methyl- und Propyl-4-hydroxybenzoat, Propionate, Phenol, beispielsweise 2-Phenylphenat, 1,2 Benzisothiazolin-3-on, Formaldehyd, schwefelige Säure und deren Salze eingesetzt werden.
- Als Ammoniumsalze eignen sich wasserlösliche Ammoniumsalze wie Ammoniumsulfat, Ammoniumnitrat, Ammoniumnitratharnstoff, Ammoniumphosphat, Ammoniumcitrat, Ammoniumthiosulfat und/oder Ammoniumchlorid, bevorzugt Ammoniumsulfat, Ammoniumnitrat, Ammoniumcitrat und/oder Ammoniumnitratharnstoff, besonders bevorzugt Ammoniumsulfat.
- Neben den Ammoniumsalzen (I) a) und Formulierungshilfsstoffen b) können die Pestizidzusammensetzungen weitere Pestizide c) enthalten.
- Im Folgenden werden Beispiele für Pestizide c) genannt, die Kombinationspartner der Ammoniumsalze (I) bilden können. Soweit es sich um anionische Pestizide handelt, können diese natürlich auch als Ammoniumsalze der Formel (I) eingesetzt werden.
- Wirkstoffe, die auf einer Inhibition von beispielsweise Acetolaktat-Synthase, Acetyl-CoA-Carboxylase, Cellulose-Synthase, Enolpyruvylshikimat-3-phosphat-Synthase, Glutamin-Synthetase, p-Hydroxyphenylpyruvat-Dioxygenase, Phytoendesaturase, Photosystem I, Photosystem II, Protoporphyrinogen-Oxidase beruhen, einsetzbar, wie sie z.B. aus Weed Research 26 (1986) 441 445 oder "The Pesticide Manual", 16th edition, The British Crop Protection Council and the Royal Soc. of Chemistry, 2012 und dort zitierter Literatur beschrieben sind. Als bekannte Herbizide oder Pflanzenwachstumsregulatoren, die mit den erfindungsgemäßen Verbindungen kombiniert werden können, sind z.B. folgende Wirkstoffe zu nennen (die Verbindungen sind entweder mit dem "common name" nach der International Organization for Standardization (ISO) oder mit dem chemischen Namen oder mit der Codenummer bezeichnet) und umfassen stets sämtliche Anwendungsformen wie Säuren, Salze, Ester und Isomere wie Stereoisomere und optische Isomere. Dabei sind beispielhaft eine und zum Teil auch mehrere Anwendungsformen genannt:
Acetochlor, Acibenzolar, Acibenzolar-S-methyl, Aclonifen, Alachlor, Allidochlor, Alloxydim, Alloxydim-sodium, Ametryn, Amicarbazone, Amidochlor, Amidosulfuron, Aminocyclopyrachlorkalium, Aminocyclopyrachlormethyl, Ammoniumsulfamat, Ancymidol, Anilofos, Atrazine, Aviglycin, Azafenidin, Azimsulfuron, Aziprotryn, Beflubutamid, Benazolinethyl, Bencarbazone, Benfluralin, Benfuresate, Bensulide, Benzfendizone, Benzobicyclon, Benzofenap, Benzofluor, Benzoylprop, Benzyladenin, Bromobutide, Bromofenoxim, Bromuron, Buminafos, Busoxinone, Butachlor, Butafenacil, Butamifos, Butenachlor, Butralin, Butroxydim, Butylate, Cafenstrole, Carbaryl, Carbetamide, Carvone, Chlorcholinchlorid, Chlomethoxyfen, Chlorbromuron, Chlorbufam, Chlorfenac, Chlorfenacnatrium, Chlorfenprop, Chlorflurenol-methyl, Chloridazon, Chlorimuronethyl, Chlormequatchlorid, Chlornitrofen, 4-Chlorophenoxyacetic acid, Chlorophthalim, Chlorpropham, Chlorotoluron, Chlorsulfuron, Cinidon, Cinidonethyl, Cinmethylin, Cinosulfuron, Clethodim, Clodinafoppropargyl, Clofencet, Clomazone, Clomeprop, Cloprop, Cloransulam, Cloransulammethyl, Cloxyfonac, Cumyluron, Cyanamide, Cyanazine, Cyclanilide, Cycloate, Cyclosulfamuron, Cycloxydim, Cycluron, Cyperquat, Cyprazine, Cyprazole, Cytokinine, Daimuron/Dymron, Daminozide, Dazomet, n-Decanol, Desmedipham, Desmetryn, Detosyl-Pyrazolate (DTP), Diallate, Diaminozid, Dichlobenil, Diclosulam, Diethatyl, Diethatylethyl, Difenoxuron, Diflufenican, Diflufenzopyrnatrium, Dikegulac-sodium, Dimefuron, Dimepiperate, Dimethachlor, Dimethametryn, Dimethenamid, Dimethenamid-P, Dimethipin, Dimetrasulfuron, Dinitramine, Dinoseb, Dinoterb, Diphenamid, Diisopropylnaphthalene, Dipropetryn, Dithiopyr, Diuron, DNOC, Eglinazineethyl, EPTC, Esprocarb, Ethalfluralin, Ethametsulfuron, Ethametsulfuronmethyl, Ethylnaphthylacetat, Ethephon, Ethidimuron, Ethiozin, Ethofumesate, Ethoxyfen, Ethoxyfenethyl, Ethoxysulfuron, Etobenzanid, F-5331, d.h. N-[2-Chlor-4-fluor-5-[4-(3-fluorpropyl)-4,5-dihydro-5-oxo-1H-tetrazol-1-yl]-phenyl]-ethansulfonamid, F-7967, d. h. 3-[7-Chlor-5-fluor-2-(trifluormethyl)-1H-benzimidazol-4-yl]-1-methyl-6-(trifluormethyl)pyrimidin-2,4(1H,3H)-dion, Fenoxasulfone, Fentrazamide, Fenuron, Flazasulfuron, Fluazolate, Flucarbazonesodium, Flucetosulfuron, Fluchloralin, Flufenacet (Thiafluamide), Flumetralin, Flumetsulam, Flumioxazin, Flumipropyn, Fluometuron, Fluorodifen, Flupoxam, Flupropacil, Flupyrsulfuron, Flupyrsulfuronmethylsodium, Fluridone, Flurochloridone, Flurprimidol, Flurtamone, Fluthiacetmethyl, Fluthiamide, Forchlorfenuron, Furyloxyfen, Gibberellinsäure, H-9201, d. h. O-(2,4-Dimethyl-6-nitrophenyl)-O-ethylisopropylphosphor amidothioat, Halosafen, Halosulfuronmethyl, Hexazinone, HW-02, d. h. 1-(Dimethoxyphosphoryl)-ethyl-(2,4-dichlorphenoxy)acetat, Imazosulfuron, Inabenfide, Indanofan, Indaziflam, lodosulfuron, lodosulfuronmethyl-natrium, lofensulfuron, lofensulfuronnatrium, loxynil, Ipfencarbazone, Isocarbamid, Isopropalin, Isoproturon, Isouron, Isoxaben, Isoxachlortole, Isoxaflutole, KUH-043, d. h. 3-({[5-(Difluormethyl)-1-methyl-3-(trifluormethyl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl]methyl}sulfonyl)-5,5-dimethyl-4,5-dihydro-1,2-oxazol, Karbutilate, Ketospiradox, Lenacil, Linuron, Maleinsäurehydrazid, Mefenacet, Mefluidide, Mepiquat-chlorid, Methabenzthiazuron, Metam, Metamitron, Metazachlor, Metazasulfuron, Methazole, Methiopyrsulfuron, Methiozolin, Methoxyphenone, Methyldymron, 1-Methylcyclopropen, Methylisothiocyanat, Metobenzuron, Metobromuron, Metolachlor, S-Metolachlor, Metosulam, Metoxuron, Metribuzin, Metsulfuron, Metsulfuronmethyl, Molinate, Monalide, Monocarbamide, Monocarbamidedihydrogensulfat, Monolinuron, Monosulfuron, Monosulfuronester, Monuron, MT-128, d. h. 6-Chlor-N-[(2E)-3-chlorprop-2-en-1-yl]-5-methyl-N-phenylpyridazin-3-amin, MT-5950, d. h. N-[3-Chlor-4-(1-methylethyl)-phenyl]-2-methylpentanamid, NGGC-011, Naproanilide, Napropamide, NC-310, d.h. 4-(2,4-Dichlorobenzoyl)-1-methyl-5-benzyloxypyrazole, Neburon, Nipyraclofen, Nitralin, Nitrofen, Nitroguaiacolate, Nitrophenolat-natrium (Isomerengemisch), Nitrofluorfen, Nonansäure, Norflurazon, Orbencarb, Orthosulfamuron, Oryzalin, Oxadiargyl, Oxadiazon, Oxasulfuron, Oxaziclomefone, Oxyfluorfen, Paclobutrazol, Paraquat, Paraquatdichlorid, Pendimethalin, Pendralin, Penoxsulam, Pentanochlor, Pentoxazone, Perfluidone, Pethoxamid, Phenisopham, Phenmedipham, Phenmediphamethyl, Picolinafen, Pinoxaden, Piperophos, Pirifenop, Pirifenopbutyl, Pretilachlor, Probenazole, Profluazol, Procyazine, Prodiamine, Prifluraline, Profoxydim, Prohexadionecalcium, Prohydrojasmone, Prometon, Prometryn, Propachlor, Propanil, Propazine, Propham, Propisochlor, Propyrisulfuron, Propyzamide, Prosulfalin, Prosulfocarb, Prosulfuron, Prynachlor, Pyraclonil, Pyrasulfotole, Pyrazolynate (Pyrazolate), Pyrazosulfuron, Pyrazosulfuronethyl, Pyrazoxyfen, Pyribambenz, Pyribambenz-isopropyl, Pyribambenzpropyl, Pyribenzoxim, Pyributicarb, Pyridafol, Pyridate, Pyriftalid, Pyrimisulfan, Pyroxasulfone, Pyroxsulam, Quinoclamine, Rimsulfuron, Saflufenacil, Secbumeton, Sethoxydim, Siduron, Simazine, Simetryn, SN-106279, d. h. Methyl-(2R)-2-({7-[2-chlor-4-(trifluormethyl)phenoxy]-2-naphthyl}oxy)propanoat, Sulfallate (CDEC), Sulfentrazone, Sulfo-sulfuron, SW-065, SYN-523, SYP-249, d.h. 1-Ethoxy-3-methyl-1-oxobut-3-en-2-yl-5-[2-chlor-4-(trifluormethyl)phenoxy]-2-nitrobenzoat, SYP-300, d.h. 1-[7-Fluor-3-oxo-4-(prop-2-in-1-yl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-1,4-benzoxazin-6-yl]-3-propyl-2-thioxoimidazolidin-4,5-dion, Tebutam, Tebuthiuron, Tecnazene, Tefuryltrione, Tepraloxydim, Terbacil, Terbucarb, Terbuchlor, Terbumeton, Terbuthylazine, Terbutryn, Thenylchlor, Thiafluamide, Thiazafluron, Thiazopyr, Thidiazimin, Thidiazuron, Thiencarbazonemethyl, Thifensulfuron, Thifensulfuronmethyl, Thiobencarb, Tiocarbazil, Tralkoxydim, Triafamone, Triallate, Triasulfuron, Triaziflam, Triazofenamide, Tribenuron, Tribenuronmethyl, Tribufos, Tridiphane, Trietazine, Trifloxysulfuron, Trifloxysulfuronnatrium, Trifluralin, Triflusulfuron, Triflusulfuronmethyl, Trimeturon, Trinexapacethyl, Tritosulfuron, Tsitodef, Uniconazole, Uniconazole-P, Vernolate, ZJ-0862, d. h. 3,4-Dichlor-N-{2-[(4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl)oxy]benzyl}anilin. - Als Beispiele für Pflanzenwuchsregulatoren seien ferner natürliche Pflanzenhormone wie Ester der Salicylsäure, Kinetin und Brassinosteroide genannt.
- Weiter seien Substanzen genannt, die als Pflanzenwuchsregulatoren und/oder Pflanzenstärkungsmittel wirken können, um den Einfluss von Stressfaktoren wie Hitze, Kälte, Trockenheit, Salz, Sauerstoffmangel bzw.- Überschwemmung auf das Pflanzenwachstum zu mindern. Hier seien beispielhaft genannt Glycinbetain (Betain), Cholin, Kaliumphosphat oder andere Phosphatsalze, sowie Silikate.
- Als Beispiele für Pflanzennährstoffe seien übliche anorganische oder organische Dünger zur Versorgung von Pflanzen mit Makro- und/oder Mikronährstoffen genannt.
- Als Beispiele für Fungizide seien genannt:
- (1) Inhibitoren der Ergosterol-Biosynthese, wie beispielsweise Aldimorph, Azaconazol, Bitertanol, Bromuconazol, Cyproconazol, Diclobutrazol, Difenoconazol, Diniconazol, Diniconazol-M, Dode-morph, Dodemorph Acetat, Epoxiconazol, Etaconazol, Fenarimol, Fenbuconazol, Fenhexamid, Fenpropidin, Fenpropimorph, Fluquinconazol, Flurprimidol, Flusilazol, Flutriafol, Furconazol, Furconazol-Cis, Hexaconazol, Imazalil, Imazalil Sulfat, Imibenconazol, Ipconazol, Metconazol, Myclobutanil, Naftifin, Nuarimol, Oxpoconazol, Paclobutrazol, Pefurazoat, Penconazol, Piperalin, Prochloraz, Propiconazol, Prothioconazol, Pyributicarb, Pyrifenox, Quinconazol, Simeconazol, Spiroxamin, Tebuconazol, Terbinafin, Tetraconazol, Triadimefon, Triadimenol, Tridemorph, Triflumizol, Triforin, Triticonazol, Uniconazol, Uniconazol-p, Viniconazol, Voriconazol, 1-(4-Chlorphenyl)-2-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)cycloheptanol, Methyl-1-(2,2-dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-1-yl)-1H-imidazol-5-carboxylat, N'-{5-(Difluormethyl)-2-methyl-4-[3-(trimethylsilyl)propoxy]phenyl}-N-ethyl-N-methylimidoformamid, N-Ethyl-N-methyl-N'-{2-methyl-5-(trifluormethyl)-4-[3-(trimethylsilyl)propoxy]phenyl}imidoformamid und O-[1-(4-Methoxyphenoxy)-3,3-dimethylbutan-2-yl]-1H-imidazol-1-carbothioat.
- (2) Inhibitoren der Respiration (Atmungsketten-Inhibitoren), wie beispielsweise Bixafen, Boscalid, Carboxin, Diflumetorim, Fenfuram, Fluopyram, Flutolanil, Fluxapyroxad, Furametpyr, Furmecyclox, Isopyrazam Mischung des synepimeren Razemates 1RS,4SR,9RS und des antiempimeren Razemates 1RS,4SR,9SR, Isopyrazam (anti-epimeres Razemat), Isopyrazam (anti-epimeres Enantiomer 1R,4S,9S), Isopyrazam (anti-epimeres Enantiomer 1S,4R,9R), Isopyrazam (synepimeres Razemat 1RS,4SR,9RS), Isopyrazam (synepimeres Enantiomer 1R,4S,9R), Iso-pyrazam (syn-epimeres Enantiomer 1S,4R,9S), Mepronil, Oxycarboxin, Penflufen, Penthiopyrad, Sedaxane, Thifluzamid, 1-Methyl-N-[2-(1,1,2,2-tetrafluorethoxy)phenyl]-3-(trifluormethyl)-1H-pyrazol-4-carboxamid, 3-(Difluormethyl)-1-methyl-N-[2-(1,1,2,2-tetrafluorethoxy)phenyl]-1H-pyrazol-4-carboxamid, 3-(Difluormethyl)-N-[4-fluor-2-(1,1,2,3,3,3-hexafluorpropoxy)phenyl]-1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-carboxamid, N-[1-(2,4-Dichlorphenyl)-1-methoxypropan-2-yl]-3-(difluormethyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-carboxamid, 5,8-Difluor-N-[2-(2-fluor-4-{[4-(trifluormethyl)pyridin-2-yl]oxy}phenyl)ethyl]quinazolin-4-amin, N-[9-(Dichlormethylen)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1,4-methanonaphthalen-5-yl]-3-(difluormethyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-carboxamid, N-[(1S,4R)-9-(Dichlormethylen)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1,4-methanonaphthalen-5-yl]-3-(difluormethyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-carboxamid und N-[(1 R,4S)-9-(Dichlormethylen)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1,4-methanonaphthalen-5-yl]-3-(difluormethyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-carboxamid.
- (3) Inhibitoren der Respiration (Atmungsketten-Inhibitoren) am Komplex III der Atumungskette, wie beispielsweise Ametoctradin, Amisulbrom, Azoxystrobin, Cyazofamid, Coumethoxystrobin, Coumoxystrobin, Dimoxystrobin, Enestroburin, Famoxadon, Fenamidon, Fenoxystrobin, Fluoxastrobin, Kresoxim-Methyl, Metominostrobin, Orysastrobin, Picoxystrobin, Pyraclostrobin, Pyrametostrobin, Pyraoxystrobin, Pyribencarb, Triclopyricarb, Trifloxystrobin, (2E)-2-(2-{[6-(3-Chlor-2-methylphenoxy)-5-fluorpyrimidin-4-yl]oxy}phenyl)-2-(methoxyimino)-N-methylethanamid, (2E)-2-(Methoxyimino)-N-methyl-2-(2-{[({(1E)-1-[3-(trifluormethyl)phenyl]ethyliden}amino)oxy]methyl}phenyl)ethanamid, (2E)-2-(Methoxyimino)-N-methyl-2-{2-[(E)-({1-[3-(trifluormethyl)phenyl]ethoxy}imino)methyl]phenyl}ethanamid, (2E)-2-{2-[({[(1E)-1-(3-{[(E)-1-Fluor-2-phenylethenyl]oxy}phenyl)ethyliden]-amino}oxy)methyl]phenyl}-2-(methoxyimino)-N-methylethanamid, (2E)-2-{2-[({[(2E,3E)-4-(2,6-Dichlorphenyl)but-3-en-2-yliden]amino}oxy)methyl]phenyl}-2-(methoxyimino)-N-methylethanamid, 2-Chlor-N-(1,1,3-trimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-4-yl)pyridin-3-carboxamid, 5-Methoxy-2-methyl-4-(2-{[({(1E)-1-[3-(trifluormethyl)phenyl]ethyliden}amino)oxy]methyl}phenyl)-2,4-dihydro-3H-1,2,4-triazol-3-on, Methyl-(2E)-2-{2-[({cyclopropyl[(4-methoxyphenyl)imino]methyl}sulfanyl)methyl]phenyl}-3-methoxyprop-2-enoat, N-(3-Ethyl-3,5,5-trimethylcyclohexyl)-3-(formylamino)-2-hydroxybenzamid, 2-{2-[(2,5-Dimethyl-phenoxy)methyl]phenyl}-2-methoxy-N-methylacetamid und (2R)-2-{2-[(2,5-Dimethylphenoxy)methyl]phenyl}-2-methoxy-N-methylacetamid.
- (4) Inhibitoren der Mitose und Zellteilung, wie beispielsweise Benomyl, Carbendazim, Chlorfe-nazol, Diethofencarb, Ethaboxam, Fluopicolid, Fuberidazol, Pencycuron, Thiabendazol, Thi-ophanat-Methyl, Thiophanat, Zoxamid, 5-Chlor-7-(4-methylpiperidin-1-yl)-6-(2,4,6-trifluorphenyl)[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin und 3-Chlor-5-(6-chlorpyridin-3-yl)-6-methyl-4-(2,4,6-trifluorphenyl)pyridazin.
- (5) Verbindungen mit Multisite-Aktivität, wie beispielsweise Bordeauxmischung, Captafol, Captan, Chlorothalonil, Kupferzubereitungen wie Kupferhydroxid, Kupfernaphthenat, Kupferoxid, Kupferoxychlorid, Kupfersulfat, Dichlofluanid, Dithianon, Dodine, Dodine freie Base, Ferbam, Fluorofolpet, Folpet, Guazatin, Guazatinacetat, Iminoctadin, Iminoctadinalbesilat, Iminoctadintriacetat, Mankupfer, Mancozeb, Maneb, Metiram, Zinkmetiram, Kupfer-Oxin, Propamidin, Propineb, Schwefel und Schwefelzubereitungen wie beispielsweise Calciumpolysulfid, Thiram, Tolylfluanid, Zineb und Ziram.
- (6) Resistenzinduktoren, wie beispielsweise Acibenzolar-S-Methyl, Isotianil, Probenazol und Tiadinil.
- (7) Inhibitoren der Aminosäure- und Protein-Biosynthese, wie beispielsweise Andoprim, Blasti-cidin-S, Cyprodinil, Kasugamycin, Kasugamycin Hydrochlorid Hydrat, Mepanipyrim, Pyrimethanil und 3-(5-Fluor-3,3,4,4-tetramethyl-3,4-dihydroisoquinolin-1-yl)quinolin.
- (8) Inhibitoren der ATP Produktion, wie beispielsweise Fentin Acetat, Fentin Chlorid, Fentin Hydroxid und Silthiofam.
- (9) Inhibitoren der Zellwandsynthese, wie beispielsweise Benthiavalicarb, Dimethomorph, Flu-morph, Iprovalicarb, Mandipropamid, Validamycin A und Valifenalat.
- (10) Inhibitoren der Lipid- und Membran-Synthese, wie beispielsweise Biphenyl, Chloroneb, Dicloran, Edifenphos, Etridiazol, lodocarb, Iprobenfos, Isoprothiolan, Propamocarb, Propamocarb Hydrochlorid, Prothiocarb, Pyrazophos, Quintozen, Tecnazene und Tolclofos-Methyl.
- (11) Inhibitoren der Melanin-Biosynthese, wie beispielsweise Carpropamid, Diclocymet, Fenoxanil, Fthalid, Pyroquilon, Tricyclazol und 2,2,2-Trifluorethyl {3-methyl-1-[(4-methylbenzoyl)amino]butan-2-yl}carbamat.
- (12) Inhibitoren der Nukleinsäuresynthese, wie beispielsweise Benalaxyl, Benalaxyl-M (Kirala-xyl), Bupirimat, Clozylacon, Dimethirimol, Ethirimol, Furalaxyl, Hymexazol, Metalaxyl, Metalaxyl-M (Mefenoxam), Ofurace, Oxadixyl und Oxolinsäure.
- (13) Inhibitoren der Signaltransduktion, wie beispielsweise Chlozolinat, Fenpiclonil, Fludioxonil, Iprodion, Procymidon, Quinoxyfen und Vinclozolin.
- (14) Entkoppler, wie beispielsweise Binapacryl, Dinocap, Ferimzon, Fluazinam und Meptyldinocap.
- (15) Weitere Verbindungen, wie beispielsweise Benthiazol, Bethoxazin, Capsimycin, Carvon, Chinomethionat, Pyriofenon (Chlazafenon), Cufraneb, Cyflufenamid, Cymoxanil, Cyprosulfa-mide, Dazomet, Debacarb, Dichlorophen, Diclomezin, Difenzoquat, Difenzoquat Methylsulphat, Diphenylamin, Ecomat, Fenpyrazamin, Flumetover, Fluoromid, Flusulfamid, Flutianil, Fosetyl-Aluminium, Fosetyl-Calcium, Fosetyl-Natrium, Hexachlorbenzol, Irumamycin, Methasulfocarb, Methylisothiocyanat, Metrafenon, Mildiomycin, Natamycin, Nickel Dimethyldithiocarbamat, Nitrothal-Isopropyl, Octhilinone, Oxamocarb, Oxyfenthiin, Pentachlorphenol und dessen Salze, Phenothrin, Phosphorsäure und deren Salze, Propamocarb-Fosetylat, Propanosin-Natrium, Proquinazid, Pyrimorph, (2E)-3-(4-Tert-butylphenyl)-3-(2-chlorpyridin-4-yl)-1-(morpholin-4-yl)prop-2-en-1-on, (2Z)-3-(4-Tert-butylphenyl)-3-(2-chlorpyridin-4-yl)-1-(morpholin-4-yl)prop-2-en-1-on, Pyrrolnitrin, Tebufloquin, Tecloftalam, Tolnifanid, Triazoxid, Trichlamid, Zarilamid, (3S,6S,7R,8R)-8-Benzyl-3-[({3-[(isobutyryloxy)methoxy]-4-methoxypyridin-2-yl}carbonyl)amino]-6-methyl-4,9-dioxo-1,5-dioxonan-7-yl 2-methylpropanoat, 1-(4-{4-[(5R)-5-(2,6-Difluorphenyl)-4,5-dihydro-1,2-oxazol-3-yl]-1,3-thiazol-2-yl}piperidin-1-yl)-2-[5-methyl-3-(trifluormethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]ethanon, 1-(4-{4-[(5S)-5-(2,6-Difluorphenyl)-4,5-dihydro-1,2-oxazol-3-yl]-1,3-thiazol-2-yl}piperidin-1-yl)-2-[5-methyl-3-(trifluormethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]ethanon,1-(4-{4-[5-(2,6-Difluorphenyl)-4,5-dihydro-1,2-oxazol-3-yl]-1,3-thiazol-2-yl}piperidin-1-yl)-2-[5-methyl-3-(trifluormethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]ethanon,1-(4-Methoxyphenoxy)-3,3-dimethylbutan-2-yl-1H-imidazol-1-carboxylat, 2,3,5,6-Tetrachlor-4-(methylsulfonyl)pyridin, 2,3-Dibutyl-6-chlorthieno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4(3H)-on, 2,6-Dimethyl-1H,5H-[1,4]dithiino[2,3-c:5,6-c']dipyrrol-1,3,5,7(2H,6H)-tetron, 2-[5-Methyl-3-(trifluormethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]-1-(4-{4-[(5R)-5-phenyl-4,5-dihydro-1,2-oxazol-3-yl]-1,3-thiazol-2-yl}piperidin-1-yl)ethanon, 2-[5-Methyl-3-(trifluormethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]-1-(4-{4-[(5S)-5-phenyl-4,5-dihydro-1,2-oxazol-3-yl]-1,3-thiazol-2-yl}piperidin-1-yl)ethanon, 2-[5-Methyl-3-(trifluormethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]-1-{4-[4-(5-phenyl-4,5-dihydro-1,2-oxazol-3-yl)-1,3-thiazol-2-yl]piperidin-1-yl}ethanon, 2-Butoxy-6-iod-3-propyl-4H-chromen-4-on, 2-Chlor-5-[2-chlor-1-(2,6-difluor-4-methoxyphenyl)-4-methyl-1H-imidazol-5-yl]pyridin, 2-Phenylphenol und dessen Salze, 3-(4,4,5-Trifluor-3,3-dimethyl-3,4-dihydroisoquinolin-1-yl)quinolin, 3,4,5-Trichlorpyridin-2,6-dicarbonitril, 3-[5-(4-Chlorphenyl)-2,3-dimethyl-1,2-oxazolidin-3-yl]pyridin, 3-Chlor-5-(4-chlorphenyl)-4-(2,6-difluorphenyl)-6-methylpyridazin, 4-(4-Chlorphenyl)-5-(2,6-difluorphenyl)-3,6-dimethylpyridazin, 5-Amino-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-thiol, 5-Chlor-N'-phenyl-N'-(prop-2-in-1-yl)thiophen-2-sulfonohydrazid, 5-Fluor-2-[(4-fluorbenzyl)oxy]pyrimidin-4-amin, 5-Fluor-2-[(4-methylbenzyl)oxy]pyrimidin-4-amin, 5-Methyl-6-octyl[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-7-amin, Ethyl-(2Z)-3-amino-2-cyan-3-phenylprop-2-enoat, N'-(4-{[3-(4-Chlorbenzyl)-1,2,4-thiadiazol-5-yl]oxy}-2,5-dimethylphenyl)-N-ethyl-N-methylimidoformamid, N-(4-Chlorbenzyl)-3-[3-methoxy-4-(prop-2-in-1-yloxy)phenyl]propanamid, N-[(4-Chlorphenyl)(cyan)methyl]-3-[3-methoxy-4-(prop-2-in-1-yloxy)phenyl]propanamid, N-[(5-Brom-3-chlorpyridin-2-yl)methyl]-2,4-dichlorpyridin-3-carboxamid, N-[1-(5-Brom-3-chlorpyridin-2-yl)ethyl]-2,4-dichlorpyridin-3-carboxamid, N-[1-(5-Brom-3-chlorpyridin-2-yl)ethyl]-2-fluor-4-iodpyridin-3-carboxamid, N-{(E)-[(Cyclopropylmethoxy)imino][6-(difluormethoxy)-2,3-difluorphenyl]methyl}-2-phenylacetamid, N-{(Z)-[(Cyclopropyl-methoxy)¬imino][6-(difluormethoxy)-2,3-difluorphenyl]methyl}-2-phenylacetamid, N'-{4-[(3-Tert-butyl-4-cyano-1,2-thiazol-5-yl)oxy]-2-chlor-5-methylphenyl}-N-ethyl-N-methylimidoformamid, N-Methyl-2-(1-{[5-methyl-3-(trifluormethyl)-1 H-pyrazol-1-yl]acetyl}piperidin-4-yl)-N-(1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalen-1-yl)-1,3-thiazol-4-carboxamid, N-Methyl-2-(1-{[5-methyl-3-(trifluormethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]acetyl}¬piperidin-4-yl)-N-[(1R)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalen-1-yl]-1,3-thiazol-4-carboxamid, N-Methyl-2-(1-{[5-methyl-3-(trifluormethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]acetyl}piperidin-4-yl)-N-[(1S)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaph¬thalen-1-yl]-1,3-thiazol-4-carboxamid, Pentyl-{6-[({[(1-methyl-1H-tetrazol-5-yl)(phenyl)methyliden]amino}oxy)methyl]pyridin-2-yl}carbamat, Phenazin-1-carbonsäure, Chinolin-8-ol, Chinolin-8-olsulfat(2:1) und Tert-butyl {6-[({[(1-methyl-1H-tetrazol-5-yl)(phenyl)methylen]amino}oxy)methyl]pyridin-2-yl}carbamat.
- (16) Weitere Verbindungen, wie beispielsweise 1-Methyl-3-(trifluormethyl)-N-[2'-(trifluormethyl)biphenyl-2-yl]-1H-pyrazol-4-carboxamid, N-(4'-Chlorbiphenyl-2-yl)-3-(difluormethyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-carboxamid, N-(2',4'-Dichlorbiphenyl-2-yl)-3-(difluormethyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-carboxamid, 3-(Difluormethyl)-1-methyl-N-[4'-(trifluormethyl)biphenyl-2-yl]-1H-pyrazol-4-carboxamid, N-(2',5'-Difluorbiphenyl-2-yl)-1-methyl-3-(trifluormethyl)-1H-pyrazol-4-carboxamid, 3-(Difluormethyl)-1-methyl-N-[4'-(prop-1-in-1-yl)biphenyl-2-yl]-1H-pyrazol-4-carboxamid, 5-Fluor-1,3-dimethyl-N-[4'-(prop-1-in-1-yl)biphenyl-2-yl]-1H-pyrazol-4-carboxamid, 2-Chlor-N-[4'-(prop-1-in-1-yl)biphenyl-2-yl]pyridin-3-carboxamid, 3-(Difluormethyl)-N-[4'-(3,3-dimethylbut-1-in-1-yl)biphenyl-2-yl]-1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-carboxamid, N-[4'-(3,3-Dimethylbut-1-in-1-yl)biphenyl-2-yl]-5-fluor-1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-4-carboxamid, 3-(Difluormethyl)-N-(4'-ethinylbiphenyl-2-yl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-carboxamid, N-(4'-Ethinylbiphenyl-2-yl)-5-fluor-1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-4-carboxamid, 2-Chlor-N-(4'-ethinylbiphenyl-2-yl)pyridin-3-carboxamid, 2-Chlor-N-[4'-(3,3-dimethylbut-1-in-1-yl)biphenyl-2-yl]pyridin-3-carboxamid, 4-(Difluormethyl)-2-methyl-N-[4'-(trifluormethyl)biphenyl-2-yl]-1,3-thiazol-5-carboxamid, 5-Fluor-N-[4'-(3-hydroxy-3-methylbut-1-in-1-yl)biphenyl-2-yl]-1,3-dime¬thyl-1H-pyrazol-4-carboxamid, 2-Chlor-N-[4'-(3-hydroxy-3-methylbut-1-in-1-yl)biphenyl-2-yl]pyridin-3-carboxamid, 3-(Difluormethyl)-N-[4'-(3-methoxy-3-methylbut-1-in-1-yl)biphenyl-2-yl]-1-methyl-1 H-pyrazol-4-carboxamid, 5-Fluor-N-[4'-(3-methoxy-3-methylbut-1-in-1-yl)biphenyl-2-yl]-1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-4-carboxamid, 2-Chlor-N-[4'-(3-methoxy-3-methylbut-1-in-1-yl)biphenyl-2-yl]pyridin-3-carboxamid, (5-Brom-2-methoxy-4-methylpyridin-3-yl)(2,3,4-trimethoxy-6-methylphenyl)methanon, N-[2-(4-{[3-(4-Chlorphenyl)prop-2-in-1-yl]oxy}-3-methoxyphenyl)ethyl]-N2-(methylsulfonyl)valinamid, 4-Oxo-4-[(2-phenylethyl)amino]butansäure und But-3-yn-1-yl {6-[({[(Z)-(1-methyl-1H-tetrazol-5-yl)(phenyl)methylen]amino}oxy)methyl]pyridin-2-yl}carbamat.
- Alle genannten Pestizide (1) bis (16) können, wenn sie aufgrund ihrer funktionellen Gruppen dazu imstande sind, gegebenenfalls mit geeigneten Basen oder Säuren Salze bilden.
- Bronopol, Dichlorophen, Nitrapyrin, Nickel-Dimethyldithiocarbamat, Kasugamycin, Octhilinon, Furancarbonsäure, Oxytetracyclin, Probenazol, Streptomycin, Tecloftalam, Kupfersulfat und andere Kupfer-Zubereitungen.
- Als Beispiele für Insektizide, Akarizide und Nematizide seien genannt:
- (1) Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) Inhibitoren, wie beispielsweise Carbamate, z.B. Alanycarb, Aldicarb, Bendiocarb, Benfuracarb, Butocarboxim, Butoxycarboxim, Carbaryl, Carbofuran, Carbosulfan, Ethiofencarb, Fenobucarb, Formetanate, Furathiocarb, Isoprocarb, Methiocarb, Methomyl, Metolcarb, Oxamyl, Pirimicarb, Propoxur, Thiodicarb, Thiofanox, Triazamate, Trimethacarb, XMC und Xylylcarb; oder
Organophosphate, z.B. Acephate, Azamethiphos, Azinphosethyl, Azinphosmethyl, Cadusafos, Chlorethoxyfos, Chlorfenvinphos, Chlormephos, Chlorpyrifos, Chlorpyrifos-methyl, Coumaphos, Cyanophos, Demeton-S-methyl, Diazinon, Dichlorvos/DDVP, Dicrotophos, Dimethoate, Dimethylvinphos, Disulfoton, EPN, Ethion, Ethoprophos, Famphur, Fenamiphos, Fenitrothion, Fenthion, Fosthiazate, Heptenophos, Imicyafos, Isofenphos, Isopropyl O-(methoxyaminothio-phosphoryl) salicylat, Isoxathion, Malathion, Mecarbam, Methamidophos, Methidathion, Mevinphos, Monocrotophos, Naled, Omethoate, Oxydemeton-methyl, Parathion, Parathion-methyl, Phenthoate, Phorate, Phosalone, Phosmet, Phosphamidon, Phoxim, Pirimiphosmethyl, Profenofos, Propetamphos, Prothiofos, Pyraclofos, Pyridaphenthion, Quinalphos, Sulfotep, Tebupirimfos, Temephos, Terbufos, Tetrachlorvinphos, Thiometon, Triazophos, Triclorfon und Vamidothion. - (2) GABA-gesteuerte Chlorid-Kanal-Antagonisten, wie beispielsweise Cyclodienorganochlorine, z.B. Chlordane und Endosulfan; oder Phenylpyrazole (Fiprole), z.B. Ethiprole und Fipronil.
- (3) Natrium-Kanal-Modulatoren / Spannungsabhängige Natrium-Kanal-Blocker, wie beispielsweise
Pyrethroide, z.B. Acrinathrin, Allethrin, d-cis-trans Allethrin, d-trans Allethrin, Bifenthrin, Bioallethrin, Bioallethrin S-cyclopentenyl Isomer, Bioresmethrin, Cycloprothrin, Cyfluthrin, beta-Cyfluthrin, Cyhalothrin, lambda-Cyhalothrin, gamma-Cyhalothrin, Cypermethrin, alpha-Cypermethrin, beta-Cypermethrin, theta-Cypermethrin, zeta-Cypermethrin, Cyphenothrin [(1R)-trans-Isomere], Deltamethrin, Empenthrin [(EZ)-(1R)-Isomere), Esfenvalerate, Etofenprox, Fenpropathrin, Fenvalerate, Flucythrinate, Flumethrin, tau-Fluvalinate, Halfenprox, Imiprothrin, Kadethrin, Permethrin, Phenothrin [(1R)-trans-Isomer), Prallethrin, Pyrethrine (pyrethrum), Resmethrin, Silafluofen, Tefluthrin, Tetramethrin, Tetramethrin [(1R)-Isomere)], Tralomethrin und Transfluthrin; oder DDT; oder Methoxychlor. - (4) Nikotinerge Acetylcholin-Rezeptor (nAChR) Agonisten, wie beispielsweise Neonikotinoide, z.B. Acetamiprid, Clothianidin, Dinotefuran, Imidacloprid, Nitenpyram, Thiacloprid und Thiamethoxam; oder Nikotin.
- (5) Nikotinerge Acetylcholin-Rezeptor (nAChR) allosterische Aktivatoren, wie beispielsweise
Spinosine, z.B. Spinetoram und Spinosad. - (6) Chlorid-Kanal-Aktivatoren, wie beispielsweise Avermectine/Milbemycine, z.B. Abamectin, Emamectin-benzoat, Lepimectin und Milbemectin.
- (7) Juvenilhormon-Imitatoren, wie beispielsweise Juvenilhormon-Analoge, z.B. Hydroprene, Kinoprene und Methoprene; oder Fenoxycarb; oder Pyriproxyfen.
- (8) Wirkstoffe mit unbekannten oder nicht spezifischen Wirkmechanismen, wie beispielsweise
Alkylhalide, z.B. Methylbromid und andere Alkylhalide; oder
Chloropicrin; oder Sulfurylfluorid; oder Borax; oder Brechweinstein. - (9) Selektive Fraßhemmer, z.B. Pymetrozine; oder Flonicamid.
- (10) Milbenwachstumsinhibitoren, z.B. Clofentezine, Hexythiazox und Diflovidazin; oder
Etoxazole. - (11) Mikrobielle Disruptoren der Insektendarmmembran, z.B. Bacillus thuringiensis Subspezies israelensis, Bacillus sphaericus, Bacillus thuringiensis Subspezies aizawai, Bacillus thuringiensis Subspezies kurstaki, Bacillus thuringiensis Subspezies tenebrionis und BT Pflanzenproteine: Cry1Ab, Cry1Ac, Cry1Fa, Cry2Ab, mCry3A, Cry3Ab, Cry3Bb, Cry34/35Ab1.
- (12) Inhibitoren der oxidativen Phosphorylierung, ATP-Disruptoren, wie beispielsweise Diafenthiuron; oder
Organozinnverbindungen, z.B. Azocyclotin, Cyhexatin und Fenbutatin-oxid; oder Propargite; oder Tetradifon. - (13) Entkoppler der oxidativen Phoshorylierung durch Unterbrechung des H-Protongradienten, wie beispielsweise Chlorfenapyr, DNOC und Sulfluramid.
- (14) Nikotinerge Acetylcholin-Rezeptor-Antagonisten, wie beispielsweise Bensultap, Cartaphydrochlorid, Thiocyclam und Thiosultap-Natrium.
- (15) Inhibitoren der Chitinbiosynthese, Typ 0, wie beispielsweise Bistrifluron, Chlorfluazuron, Diflubenzuron, Flucycloxuron, Flufenoxuron, Hexaflumuron, Lufenuron, Novaluron, Noviflumuron, Teflubenzuron und Triflumuron.
- (16) Inhibitoren der Chitinbiosynthese, Typ 1, wie beispielsweise Buprofezin.
- (17) Häutungsstörende Wirkstoffe, Dipteran, wie beispielsweise Cyromazine.
- (18) Ecdyson-Rezeptor Agonisten, wie beispielsweise Chromafenozide, Halofenozide, Methoxyfenozide und Tebufenozide.
- (19) Oktopaminerge Agonisten, wie beispielsweise Amitraz.
- (20) Komplex-III-Elektronentransportinhibitoren, wie beispielsweise Hydramethylnon; oder Acequinocyl; oder Fluacrypyrim.
- (21) Komplex-I-Elektronentransportinhibitoren, beispielsweise METI-Akarizide, z.B. Fenazaquin, Fenpyroximate, Pyrimidifen, Pyridaben, Tebufenpyrad und Tolfenpyrad; oder Rotenone (Derris).
- (22) Spannungsabhängige Natriumkanal-Blocker, z.B. Indoxacarb; oder Metaflumizone.
- (23) Inhibitoren der Acetyl-CoA-Carboxylase, wie beispielsweise Tetron- und Tetramsäurederivate, z.B. Spirodiclofen und Spiromesifen.
- (24) -IV-Elektronentransportinhibitoren, wie beispielsweise Phosphine, z.B. Aluminiumphosphid, Calciumphosphid, Phosphin und Zinkphosphid; oder
Cyanid. - (25) Komplex-II-Elektronentransportinhibitoren, wie beispielsweise Cyenopyrafen.
- (26) Ryanodinrezeptor-Effektoren, wie beispielsweise Diamide, z.B. Chlorantraniliprole und Flubendiamide.
- Weitere Wirkstoffe mit unbekanntem Wirkmechanismus, wie beispielsweise Amidoflumet, Azadirachtin, Benclothiaz, Benzoximate, Bifenazate, Bromopropylate, Chinomethionat, Cryolite, Cyantraniliprole (Cyazypyr), Cyflumetofen, Dicofol, Diflovidazin, Fluensulfone, Flufenerim, Flufiprole, Fluopyram, Fufenozide, Imidaclothiz, Iprodione, Pyridalyl, Pyrifluquinazon und lodmethan; desweiteren Präparate auf Basis von Bacillus firmus (I-1582, BioNeem, Votivo) sowie folgende bekannte wirksame Verbindungen:
3-Brom-N-{2-brom-4-chlor-6-[(1-cyclopropylethyl)carbamoyl]phenyl}-1-(3-chlorpyridin-2-yl)-1H-pyrazol-5-carboxamid (bekannt ausWO2005/077934 ), 4-{[(6-Brompyrid-3-yl)methyl](2-fluorethyl)amino}furan-2(5H)-on (bekannt ausWO2007/115644 ), 4-{[(6-Fluorpyrid-3-yl)methyl](2,2-difluorethyl)amino}furan-2(5H)-on (bekannt ausWO2007/115644 ), 4-{[(2-Chlor-1,3-thiazol-5-yl)methyl](2-fluorethyl)amino}furan-2(5H)-on (bekannt ausWO2007/115644 ), 4-{[(6-Chlorpyrid-3-yl)methyl](2-fluorethyl)amino}furan-2(5H)-on (bekannt ausWO2007/115644 ), 4-{[(6-Chlorpyrid-3-yl)methyl](2,2-difluorethyl)amino}furan-2(5H)-on (bekannt ausWO2007/115644 ), 4-{[(6-Chlor-5-fluorpyrid-3-yl)methyl](methyl)amino}furan-2(5H)-on (bekannt ausWO2007/115643 ), 4-{[(5,6-Dichlorpyrid-3-yl)methyl](2-fluorethyl)amino}furan-2(5H)-on (bekannt ausWO2007/115646 ), 4-{[(6-Chlor-5-fluorpyrid-3-yl)methyl](cyclopropyl)amino}furan-2(5H)-on (bekannt ausWO2007/115643 ), 4-{[(6-Chlorpyrid-3-yl)methyl](cyclopropyl)amino}furan-2(5H)-on (bekannt ausEP-A-0 539 588 ), 4-{[(6-Chlorpyrid-3-yl)methyl](methyl)amino}furan-2(5H)-on (bekannt ausEP-A-0 539 588 ), {[1-(6-Chlorpyridin-3-yl)ethyl](methyl)oxido-λ4-sulfanyliden}cyanamid (bekannt ausWO2007/149134 ) und seine Diastereomere {[(1R)-1-(6-Chlorpyridin-3-yl)ethyl](methyl)oxido-λ4-sulfanyliden}cyanamid (A) und {[(1S)-1-(6-Chlorpyridin-3-yl)ethyl](methyl)oxido-λ4-sulfanyliden}cyanamid (B) (ebenfalls bekannt ausWO2007/149134 ) sowie Sulfoxaflor (ebenfalls bekannt ausWO2007/149134 ) und seine Diastereomere [(R)-Methyl(oxido){(1R)-1-[6-(trifluormethyl)pyridin-3-yl]ethyl}-λ4-sulfanyliden]¬cyanamid (A1) und [(S)-Methyl(oxido){(1S)-1-[6-(trifluormethyl)pyridin-3-yl]ethyl}-λ4-sulfanyliden]cyanamid (A2), bezeichnet als Diastereomerengruppe A (bekannt ausWO 2010/074747 ,WO 2010/074751 ), [(R)-Methyl(oxido){(1S)-1-[6-(trifluormethyl)pyridin-3-yl]ethyl}-λ4-sulfanyliden]cyanamid (B1) und [(S)-Methyl(oxido){(1R)-1-[6-(trifluormethyl)pyridin-3-yl]ethyl}-λ4-sulfanyliden]cyanamid (B2), bezeichnet als Diastereomerengruppe B (ebenfalls bekannt ausWO 2010/074747 ,WO 2010/074751 ) und 11-(4-Chlor-2,6-dimethylphenyl)-12-hydroxy-1,4-dioxa-9-azadispiro[4.2.4.2]tetradec-11-en-10-on (bekannt ausWO2006/089633 ), 3-(4'-Fluor-2,4-dimethylbiphenyl-3-yl)-4-hydroxy-8-oxa-1-azaspiro[4.5]dec-3-en-2-on (bekannt ausWO2008/067911 ), 1-{2-Fluor-4-methyl-5-[(2,2,2-trifluorethyl)sulfinyl]phenyl}-3-(trifluormethyl)-1H-1,2,4-triazol-5-amin (bekannt ausWO2006/043635 ), [(3S,4aR,12R,12aS,12bS)-3-[(Cyclopropylcarbonyl)oxy]-6,12-dihydroxy-4,12b-dimethyl-11-oxo-9-(pyridin-3-yl)-1,3,4,4a,5,6,6a,12,12a,12b-decahydro-2H,11H-benzo[f]pyrano[4,3-b]chromen-4-yl]methylcyclopropancarboxylat (bekannt ausWO2008/066153 ), 2-Cyan-3-(difluormethoxy)-N,N-dimethylbenzolsulfonamid (bekannt ausWO2006/056433), 2-Cyan-3-(difluormethoxy)-N-methylbenzolsulfonamid (bekannt ausWO2006/100288 ), 2-Cyan-3-(difluormethoxy)-N-ethylbenzolsulfonamid (bekannt ausWO2005/035486 ), 4-(Difluormethoxy)-N-ethyl-N-methyl-1,2-benzothiazol-3-amin-1,1-dioxid (bekannt ausWO2007/057407 ), N-[1-(2,3-Dimethylphenyl)-2-(3,5-dimethylphenyl)ethyl]-4,5-dihydro-1,3-thiazol-2-amin (bekannt ausWO2008/104503 ), {1'-[(2E)-3-(4-Chlorphenyl)prop-2-en-1-yl]-5-fluorspiro[indol-3,4'-piperidin]-1(2H)-yl}(2-chlorpyridin-4-yl)methanon (bekannt ausWO2003/106457 ), 3-(2,5-Dimethylphenyl)-4-hydroxy-8-methoxy-1,8-diazaspiro[4.5]dec-3-en-2-on (bekannt ausWO2009/049851 ), 3-(2,5-Dimethylphenyl)-8-methoxy-2-oxo-1,8-diazaspiro[4.5]dec-3-en-4-yl-ethylcarbonat (bekannt ausWO2009/049851 ), 4-(But-2-in-1-yloxy)-6-(3,5-dimethylpiperidin-1-yl)-5-fluorpyrimidin (bekannt ausWO2004/099160 ), (2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5-Octafluorpentyl)(3,3,3-trifluorpropyl)malononitril (bekannt ausWO2005/063094 ), (2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5-Octafluorpentyl)(3,3,4,4,4-pentafluorbutyl)malononitril (bekannt ausWO2005/063094 ), 8-[2-(Cyclopropylmethoxy)-4-(trifluormethyl)phenoxy]-3-[6-(trifluormethyl)pyridazin-3-yl]-3-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octan (bekannt ausWO2007/040280 ), 2-Ethyl-7-methoxy-3-methyl-6-[(2,2,3,3-tetrafluor-2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin-6-yl)oxy]chinolin-4-yl-methylcarbonat (bekannt ausJP2008/110953 JP2008/110953 JP2010/018586 WO2007/075459 ), 5-[5-(2-Chlorpyridin-4-yl)-5-(trifluormethyl)-4,5-dihydro-1,2-oxazol-3-yl]-2-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)benzonitril (bekannt ausWO2007/075459 ), 4-[5-(3,5-Dichlorphenyl)-5-(trifluormethyl)-4,5-dihydro-1,2-oxazol-3-yl]-2-methyl-N-{2-oxo-2-[(2,2,2-trifluorethyl)amino]ethyl}benzamid (bekannt ausWO2005/085216 ), 4-{[(6-Chlorpyridin-3-yl)methyl](cyclopropyl)amino}-1,3-oxazol-2(5H)-on, 4-{[(6-Chlorpyridin-3-yl)methyl]¬(2,2-difluorethyl)amino}-1,3-oxazol-2(5H)-on, 4-{[(6-Chlorpyridin-3-yl)methyl](ethyl)amino}-1,3-oxazol-2(5H)-on, 4-{[(6-Chlorpyridin-3-yl)methyl](methyl)amino}-1,3-oxazol-2(5H)-on (alle bekannt ausWO2010/005692 ), NNI-0711 (bekannt ausWO2002/096882 ), 1-Acetyl-N-[4-(1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluor-2-methoxypropan-2-yl)-3-isobutylphenyl]-N-isobutyryl-3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-4-carboxamid (bekannt ausWO2002/096882 ), Methyl-2-[2-({[3-brom-1-(3-chlorpyridin-2-yl)-1H-pyrazol-5-yl]carbonyl}amino)-5-chlor-3-methylbenzoyl]-2-methylhydrazincarboxylat (bekannt ausWO2005/085216 ), Methyl-2-[2-({[3-brom-1-(3-chlorpyridin-2-yl)-1H-pyrazol-5-yl]carbonyl}amino)-5-cyan-3-methylbenzoyl]-2-ethylhydrazincarboxylat (bekannt ausWO2005/085216 ), Methyl-2-[2-({[3-brom-1-(3-chlorpyridin-2-yl)-1H-pyrazol-5-yl]carbonyl}amino)-5-cyan-3-methylbenzoyl]-2-methylhydrazincarboxylat (bekannt ausWO2005/085216 ), Methyl-2-[3,5-dibrom-2-({[3-brom-1-(3-chlorpyridin-2-yl)-1H-pyrazol-5-yl]carbonyl}amino)benzoyl]-1,2-diethylhydrazincarboxylat (bekannt ausWO2005/085216 ), Methyl-2-[3,5-dibrom-2-({[3-brom-1-(3-chlorpyridin-2-yl)-1H-pyrazol-5-yl]carbonyl}amino)benzoyl]-2-ethylhydrazincarboxylat (bekannt ausWO2005/085216 ), (5RS,7RS;5RS,7SR)-1-(6-Chlor-3-pyridylmethyl)-1,2,3,5,6,7-hexahydro-7-methyl-8-nitro-5-propoxyimidazo[1,2-a]pyridin (bekannt ausWO2007/101369 ), 2-{6-[2-(5-Fluorpyridin-3-yl)-1,3-thiazol-5-yl]pyridin-2-yl}pyrimidin (bekannt ausWO2010/006713 ), 2-{6-[2-(Pyridin-3-yl)-1,3-thiazol-5-yl]pyridin-2-yl}pyrimidin (bekannt ausWO2010/006713 ), 1-(3-Chlorpyridin-2-yl)-N-[4-cyan-2-methyl-6-(methylcarbamoyl)phenyl]-3-{[5-(trifluormethyl)-1H-tetrazol-1-yl]methyl}-1H-pyrazol-5-carboxamid (bekannt ausWO2010/069502 ), 1-(3-Chlorpyridin-2-yl)-N-[4-cyan-2-methyl-6-(methylcarbamoyl)phenyl]-3-{[5-(trifluormethyl)-2H-tetrazol-2-yl]methyl}-1H-pyrazol-5-carboxamid (bekannt ausWO2010/069502 ), N-[2-(tert-Butylcarbamoyl)-4-cyan-6-methylphenyl]-1-(3-chlorpyridin-2-yl)-3-{[5-(trifluormethyl)-1H-tetrazol-1-yl]methyl}-1H-pyrazol-5-carboxamid (bekannt ausWO2010/069502 ), N-[2-(tert-Butylcarbamoyl)-4-cyan-6-methylphenyl]-1-(3-chlorpyridin-2-yl)-3-{[5-(trifluormethyl)-2H-tetrazol-2-yl]methyl}-1H-pyrazol-5-carboxamid (bekannt ausWO2010/069502 ) und (1E)-N-[(6-Chlorpyridin-3-yl)methyl]-N'-cyan-N-(2,2-difluorethyl)ethanimidamid (bekannt ausWO2008/009360 ). - Die hier mit ihrem "common name" genannten Wirkstoffe sind bekannt und beispielsweise im Pestizidhandbuch ("The Pesticide Manual" 16th Ed., British Crop Protection Council 2012) beschrieben oder im Internet recherchierbar (z.B. http://www.alanwood.net/pesticides).
- Bei den Pestiziden der Komponente c) kann es sich auch um eine Kombination von zwei oder mehr Pestiziden handeln. Solche Kombinationen sind insbesondere dann von Bedeutung, wenn es beispielsweise darum geht, das Wirkungsspektrum der Pestizid-Zusammensetzung zu verbreitern oder Resistenzen gegenüber bestimmte Pestizide besser zu unterbinden.
- In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung beträgt die Menge des einen oder der mehreren Pestizide der Komponente c) in den erfindungsgemäßen Zusammensetzungen mehr als 100 g/l, bevorzugt mehr als 200 g/l und besonders bevorzugt mehr als 300 g/l. Diese Mengenangaben beziehen sich auf das Gesamtgewicht der erfindungsgemäßen Pestizid-Zusammensetzung und im Falle von Pestiziden, die in Form ihrer wasserlöslichen Salze eingesetzt werden auf die Menge an freier Säure, dem sogenannten Säureäquivalent ("acid equivalent", a.e.).
- Der pH-Wert der Pestizidzusammensetzungen liegt üblicherweise im Bereich von 3,5 bis 8,5, bevorzugt bei 4,0 bis 8,0 und besonders bevorzugt bei 4,5 bis 6,5 (gemessen als 1 gew.-%ige wässrige Verdünnung). Der pH-Wert wird primär bestimmt durch die pH-Werte der Lösungen der wässrigen Pestizide, die als Salze schwacher Säuren vorliegen. Durch Zugabe von Säuren oder Basen kann der pH-Wert auf einen anderen Wert abweichend von dem ursprünglichen pH-Wert der Mischung eingestellt werden.
- In einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung liegen die erfindungsgemäßen Pestizidzusammensetzungen als Konzentrat-Formulierungen vor, die vor dem Gebrauch verdünnt werden, insbesondere mit Wasser (beispielsweise "ready-to-use"-, "in-can"- oder "built-in"-Formulierungen), und enthalten das eine oder die mehreren Ammoniumsalze (I) im Allgemeinen in Mengen von 5 bis 80 Gew.-%, bevorzugt von 10 bis 70 Gew.-% und besonders bevorzugt von 20 bis 60 Gew.-%. Diese Mengenangaben beziehen sich auf die gesamte Konzentrat-Formulierung.
- Die erfindungsgemäßen Pestizidzusammensetzungen werden vorzugsweise in Form von Spritzbrühen auf die Felder ausgebracht. Dabei werden die Spritzbrühen durch Verdünnung von Konzentrat-Formulierungen mit einer definierten Menge Wasser hergestellt.
- In einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung liegen die erfindungsgemäßen Pestizidzusammensetzungen als Spritzbrühen vor und enthalten 0,001 bis 10 Gew.-%, bevorzugt 0,02 bis 3 Gew.-% und besonders bevorzugt 0,025 bis 2 Gew.-% des einen oder der mehreren Ammoniumsalze (I) Komponente a).
- Die Erfindung betrifft weiterhin die Verwendung der erfindungsgemäßen Pestizidzusammensetzungen zur Kontrolle und/oder zur Bekämpfung von Unkraut, Pilzerkrankungen oder Insektenbefall. Bevorzugt ist die Verwendung der erfindungsgemäßen Zusammensetzungen zur Kontrolle und/oder zur Bekämpfung von Unkraut.
- Diese Verwendungen können vorzugsweise auch im sogenannten Tank-mix-Verfahren stattfinden. Hierbei können also das oder die mehreren wasserlöslichen Pestizide der Komponente g) und die Komponenten a) bis d) sowie zusätzlich Wasser auch in Form einer sogenannten "Tank-mix"- Zubereitung vorliegen. In einer derartigen Zubereitung liegen sowohl das oder die mehreren wasserlöslichen Pestizide als auch die Komponenten a) bis d), letztere gegebenenfalls zusammen mit weiteren Adjuvants, getrennt voneinander vor. Beide Zubereitungen werden vor dem Ausbringen, in der Regel kurz vorher, miteinander vermischt, wobei eine erfindungsgemäße Pestizid-Zusammensetzung entsteht.
- Gegenstand der Erfindung ist auch ein Verfahren zur Bekämpfung von Schadorganismen, wobei man den Schadorganismus oder dessen Lebensraum mit einem erfindungsgemäßen Ammoniumsalz (I) oder einer erfindungsgemäßen Pestizidzusammensetzung in Kontakt bringt. Bei den Schadorganismen handelt es sich vorzugsweise um unerwünschte Pflanzen, wobei das Pestizid dann entsprechend ein Herbizid oder eine Mischung von Herbiziden ist.
-
- Herstellungsbeispiel 1
37 g Dicamba wurden unter Rühren in 30 g deionisiertem Wasser suspendiert. Anschließend wurden unter Rühren 33 g N-Methylglucamin in die Wirkstoffsuspension eingetragen. Es entstand eine klare Lösung. - Herstellungsbeispiel 2
37 g Dicamba wurden unter Rühren in 30 g deionisiertem Wasser suspendiert. Anschließend wurden unter Rühren 33 g Dimethylglucamin in die Wirkstoffsuspension eingetragen. Es entstand eine klare Lösung. - Herstellungsbeispiel 3 21 g MCPA wurden unter Rühren in 58 g deionisiertem Wasser suspendiert.
Anschließend wurden unter Rühren 21 g N-Methylglucamin in die Wirkstoffsuspension eingetragen. Es entstand eine klare Lösung. - Herstellungsbeispiel 4
20 g Pelargonsäure wurden unter Rühren in 55 g deionisiertem Wasser suspendiert. Anschließend wurden unter Rühren 25 g N-Methylglucamin in die Wirkstoffsuspension eingetragen. Es entstand eine klare Lösung. - Herstellungsbeispiel 5
20 g Pelargonsäure wurden unter Rühren in 10 g deionisiertem Wasser suspendiert. Anschließend wurden unter Rühren 25 g Dimethylglucamin in die Wirkstoffsuspension eingetragen. Es entstand eine klare Lösung. - Herstellungsbeispiel 6
0.21 g Mesotrione wurden unter Rühren in 10 g deionisiertem Wasser suspendiert. Anschließend wurden unter Rühren 0.11 g N-Methylglucamin in die Wirkstoffsuspension eingetragen. Es entstand eine klare Lösung. - Herstellungsbeispiel 7
0.13 g Nicosulfuron wirden unter Rühren in 10 g deionisiertem Wasser suspendiert. Anschließend wurden unter Rühren 0.07 g N-Methylglucamin in die Wirkstoffsuspension eingetragen. Es entstand eine klare Lösung. - Herstellungsbeispiel 8
0.11 g Nicosulfuron wurden unter Rühren in 10 g deionisiertem Wasser suspendiert. Anschließend wurden unter Rühren 0.065 g Dimethylglucamin in die Wirkstoffsuspension eingetragen. Es entstand eine klare Lösung. - Die Zusammensetzung der Wirkstoffformulierungen aus den Herstellungsbeispielen sind in Tabelle 1 zusammengefasst:
Tabelle 1 Zusammensetzung Beispiel (w%] 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Dicamba 37 37 0 0 0 0 0 0 MCPA 0 0 21 0 0 0 0 0 Pelargonsäure 0 0 0 20 20 0 0 20 Mesotrione 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 Nicosulfuron 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.3 1.1 NMG 33 0 21 25 0 1 0.7 0.65 DMG 0 33 0 0 25 0 0 25 Wasser 30 30 58 55 55 97 98 98.25 Aussehen Klare Lösung Klare Lösung Klare Lösung Klare Lösung Klare Lösung Klare Lösung Klare Lösung Klare Lösung NMG = N-Methylglucamin
DMG = Dimethylglucamin
Claims (13)
- Organisches Ammoniumsalz der Formel (I),A- ist ein anionisches Pestizid,R1 ist H, C1-C4-Alkyl, CH2CH2OH oder CH2CH(CH3)OH;R ist H, CH3 oder zwei benachbarte Reste R bilden zusammen eine Gruppe-C(R')- undR' ist gleich oder verschieden H oder CH3,dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass A ausgewählt ist aus Octansäure, Pelargonsäure und Ölsäure.
- Ammoniumsalz gemäß Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass A Pelargonsäure ist.
- Ammoniumsalz gemäß Anspruch 1 oder 2, wobei die Symbole in der Formel (I) folgende Bedeutungen haben:R1 ist H, C1-C4-Alkyl oder CH2CH2OH undR ist H oder CH3.
- Ammoniumsalz gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, wobei die Symbole in der Formel (I) folgende Bedeutungen haben:R1 ist H, CH3 oder CH2CH2OH undR ist H.
- Ammoniumsalz gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, wobei R1 = CH3 und R = H ist oder R1 = CH2CH2OH und R = H ist.
- Verwendung eines Ammoniumsalzes gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5 als Pestizid.
- Pestizidzusammensetzung, enthaltenda) ein oder mehrere Ammoniumsalze (I) gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5 undb) einen oder mehrere Formulierungshilfsstoffe.
- Pestizidzusammensetzung gemäß Anspruch 8 in Form einer Herbizidzusammensetzung.
- Pestizidzusammensetzung gemäß Anspruch 8 oder 9, enthaltend als Formulierungshilfsstoff b) ein oder mehrere Copolymere A) enthalten, wobei die Copolymere eine oder mehrere Struktureinheiten, hervorgegangen ausa) 19,9 bis 75,9 Gew.-% Glycerinb) 0,1 bis 30 Gew.-% mindestens einer Dicarbonsäure undc) 24 bis 80 Gew.-% mindestens einer Monocarbonsäure gemäß Formel (III),
R2-COOH (III)
wobei R2 (C5-C29)-Alkyl; (C7-C29)-Alkenyl; Phenyl oder Naphthyl darstellt, enthalten. - Verfahren zur Bekämpfung von Schadorganismen, wobei man den Schadorganismus oder dessen Lebensraum mit einem Ammoniumsalz (I) gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5 oder einer Pestizidzusammensetzung gemäß einem der Ansprüche 8 bis 10 in Kontakt bringt.
- Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 11, wobei es sich bei den Schadorganismen um unerwünschte Pflanzen und bei dem Pestizid um ein Herbizid handelt.
- Verwendung eines Ammoniumsalzes gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5 zur Verminderung der Flüchtigkeit des als Salz vorliegenden anionischen Pestizids.
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RU2525911C1 (ru) * | 2013-04-18 | 2014-08-20 | Виктор Вениаминович Тец | Фунгицидное средство |
DE202014008418U1 (de) | 2014-02-19 | 2014-11-14 | Clariant International Ltd. | Schaumarme agrochemische Zusammensetzungen |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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CN107072192A (zh) | 2017-08-18 |
BR112017002483A2 (pt) | 2017-12-05 |
AU2015303167A1 (en) | 2017-06-01 |
US20170231223A1 (en) | 2017-08-17 |
ES2727133T3 (es) | 2019-10-14 |
AU2015303167B2 (en) | 2019-01-03 |
WO2016023963A1 (de) | 2016-02-18 |
EP3179853A1 (de) | 2017-06-21 |
EP3556211B1 (de) | 2023-01-25 |
CN107072192B (zh) | 2021-08-06 |
ES2942992T3 (es) | 2023-06-08 |
DK3556211T3 (da) | 2023-04-17 |
DK3179853T3 (da) | 2019-06-11 |
AU2019202031B2 (en) | 2021-03-25 |
EP3179853B1 (de) | 2019-04-03 |
DE102014012022A1 (de) | 2016-02-18 |
AU2019202031A1 (en) | 2019-04-18 |
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