EP3456429B1 - Schmiedeverfahren und schmiedevorrichtung - Google Patents

Schmiedeverfahren und schmiedevorrichtung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3456429B1
EP3456429B1 EP16891733.4A EP16891733A EP3456429B1 EP 3456429 B1 EP3456429 B1 EP 3456429B1 EP 16891733 A EP16891733 A EP 16891733A EP 3456429 B1 EP3456429 B1 EP 3456429B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
workpiece
plate
pressing
fixing
shaping
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP16891733.4A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3456429A1 (de
EP3456429A4 (de
Inventor
Yang Il Park
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Bcgen Co Ltd
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Bcgen Co Ltd
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Bcgen Co Ltd filed Critical Bcgen Co Ltd
Publication of EP3456429A1 publication Critical patent/EP3456429A1/de
Publication of EP3456429A4 publication Critical patent/EP3456429A4/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3456429B1 publication Critical patent/EP3456429B1/de
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D35/00—Combined processes according to or processes combined with methods covered by groups B21D1/00 - B21D31/00
    • B21D35/002—Processes combined with methods covered by groups B21D1/00 - B21D31/00
    • B21D35/003—Simultaneous forming, e.g. making more than one part per stroke
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D37/00—Tools as parts of machines covered by this subclass
    • B21D37/08—Dies with different parts for several steps in a process
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D39/00—Application of procedures in order to connect objects or parts, e.g. coating with sheet metal otherwise than by plating; Tube expanders
    • B21D39/03—Application of procedures in order to connect objects or parts, e.g. coating with sheet metal otherwise than by plating; Tube expanders of sheet metal otherwise than by folding
    • B21D39/031—Joining superposed plates by locally deforming without slitting or piercing
    • B21D39/032—Joining superposed plates by locally deforming without slitting or piercing by fitting a projecting part integral with one plate in a hole of the other plate
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
    • B21K23/00—Making other articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
    • B21K25/00—Uniting components to form integral members, e.g. turbine wheels and shafts, caulks with inserts, with or without shaping of the components
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D43/00—Feeding, positioning or storing devices combined with, or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, apparatus for working or processing sheet metal, metal tubes or metal profiles; Associations therewith of cutting devices

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to a forging method and forging apparatus. More particularly, the present disclosure relates to a forging method and forging apparatus in which at front and rear portions of a workpiece, two products can be simultaneously shaped, thereby to improve a productivity of compression-shaping.
  • forging is a shaping method that presses a workpiece such as iron or non-ferrous metal to cause plastic deformation thereof.
  • the forging work for compressing the workpiece is performed by a press machine (hereinafter referred to as a "press") including an upper die and a lower die.
  • the forging may be classified into a single forging method and a sequential forging method.
  • a forged product is obtained by compressing a single workpiece once.
  • a sequential forging method a long plate workpiece is injected to a progressive press to form a forged product via multiple sequential forgings.
  • the conventional forging method includes preparing a press comprising upper and lower dies, each of which has a punching part, a cutting/pressing part, a pressing part, and an extraction part that are sequentially provided from one side to an opposite side thereof, and repeatedly elevating the upper die; continuously forming workpiece passing/fixing parts in a tray plate through the punching part by supplying a tray plate by one pitch from one side to an opposite side towards an upper side of the lower die whenever the upper die is lifted; introducing workpiece plates from a front side to upper sides of the workpiece passing/fixing parts whenever the upper die is lifted, repeatedly cutting the workpiece plates through the cutting/pressing part, continuously introducing the cut workpieces to upper sides of the workpiece passing/fixing parts, pressing the introduced workpiece, and fixing the workpieces to the workpiece passing/fixing parts; pressing the workpieces that are moved while being fixed to the tray plate, through the pressing part; and separating the workpieces that have been formed while being fixed to the tray plate, and extracting the separated workpieces
  • the convention forging apparatus includes a press having upper and lower dies; a tray plate supply assembly that supplies a tray plate by one pitch from one side to an opposite side towards an upper side of the lower die; punching parts that are provided on sides of the upper and lower dies to continuously form workpiece passing/fixing parts in the tray plate; a workpiece plate supply assembly that is provided in front of the press to supply a workpiece plate to the upper sides of the workpiece passing/fixing parts by one pitch; cutting/pressing parts that are provided in the upper and lower dies at opposite sides of the punching parts to repeatedly cut the workpiece plate introduced to upper sides of the workpiece passing/fixing parts and fix the cut workpieces to the workpiece passing/fixing parts after pressing the workpieces; pressing parts that are provided in the upper and lower dies at opposite sides of the cutting/pressing parts to press the moved workpieces; and extraction parts that are provided in the upper and lower dies at opposite sides of the pressing parts to separate and extract the formed workpieces.
  • the workpiece passing/fixing parts are molded/forged/extruded in the tray plate and then the workpiece is inserted and fixed in the workpiece passing/fixing parts.
  • a front-rear width of the tray plate should be wider than a front-rear width of the workpiece.
  • the present disclosure is intended to overcome the above conventional problem.
  • a purpose of the present disclosure is to provide a forging method and forging apparatus in which at front and rear portions of a workpiece, two products can be simultaneously shaped, thereby to improve a productivity of compression-shaping, in which only a middle portion of a workpiece is fixed to a tray plate that fixes the workpiece to reduce a front-rear direction width of the tray plate and thus to reduce an amount of the tray plate used during the workpiece shaping, and in which a compression shaping of the workpiece is performed while a minimum size workpiece required for a final product is fixed on the tray plate such that an amount of the workpiece as used can be minimized.
  • another purpose of the present disclosure is to provide a forging method and forging apparatus in which while only the middle portion of the workpiece is fixed to the tray plate, the workpiece is shaped at the front and rear portions thereof, and, thus, a chip or burr generated by punching the workpiece fixing hole in the tray plate does not affect the shaped rear and front portions of the workpiece at all. Therefore, in the compression-shaping of the workpiece, this may prevent the shaping failure due to the influence of chips or burrs generated during the punching of the tray plate, thereby to achieve an advantage of minimizing a defective shaping rate.
  • Still another purpose of the present disclosure is to provide a forging method and forging apparatus in which the workpieces are fixed to the tray plate such that the workpieces are arranged to be spaced apart from each other in a left-right direction.
  • the present disclosure provides a forging method according to claim 1.
  • the workpiece in the forging method, in the workpiece shaping operation, in the workpiece shaping operation, the workpiece is shaped at front and rear portion of the workpiece via one or more workpiece shaping units, and then, the front and rear portions of the workpiece shaped via the one or more workpiece shaping units are compression-cut to complete a last product.
  • the tray plate includes a upward-bent reinforcement plate formed in a length-direction at front and rear ends of the tray plate for reinforcing the tray plate .
  • the workpiece is made of metal
  • the tray plate is made of a metal having a lower ductility than the workpiece
  • the workpiece is made of aluminum or copper, wherein the tray plate is made of iron or stainless steel.
  • the present disclosure provides a forging apparatus according to claim 6.
  • the tray plate supply assembly includes an ascending and descending guide configured for supplying the tray plate away from the top face of the lower die and allowing the tray plate to move up and down.
  • the ascending and descending guide includes a plurality of ascending and descending guide rods, wherein the plurality of ascending and descending guide rods are formed in a middle portion of a top of the lower die and are arranged at intervals in a right-left direction, wherein the plurality of ascending and descending guide rods are maintained in an ascended position via an underlying spring while ascending and descending, wherein the plurality of ascending and descending guide rods are in close contact with a bottom face of the tray plate.
  • the workpiece fixing hole includes a plurality of fixing holes, wherein the through-protrusion includes a plurality of through fixing pins, wherein the plurality of through fixing pins penetrates the fixing holes constituting the workpiece fixing hole and then a top of the plurality of through fixing pins is compressed and extended by the cutting and pressing and fixing assembly.
  • the workpiece plate supply assembly includes: a workpiece plate supply unit disposed in front of the press having the cutting and pressing and fixing assembly for supplying the workpiece plate by one pitch; and protrusion forging means disposed between the workpiece plate supply unit and the cutting and pressing and fixing assembly for shaping the through-protrusion.
  • the protrusion forging means includes a fixed lower die and an ascending and descending upper die, wherein the fixed lower die has, at a top of the fixed die, a protrusion-shaping convex portion; wherein the ascending and descending upper die is disposed above the fixed lower die and has a protrusion-shaping concave portion at a bottom thereof, wherein the ascending and descending upper die repeatedly shapes the through-protrusions in a repetitive compression manner via iterative ascending and descending.
  • the cutting and pressing and fixing assembly includes: a workpiece cutting unit provided with a workpiece cutter at a lower front of the upper die to cut the workpiece plate via a lowering of the upper die; and a workpiece pressing and fixing unit provided at a rear end of the workpiece cutting unit, wherein the workpiece pressing and fixing unit 52 has a compressing pin at a bottom of the upper die, wherein the workpiece pressing and fixing unit pushes the through-protrusion formed on the middle portion of the workpiece into the workpiece fixing hole and compresses and fixes a top of the through-protrusion into the workpiece fixing hole via the lowering of the upper die.
  • the cutting and pressing and fixing assembly further includes a guide plate, wherein the guide plate has a rear end fixed to the lower die, wherein the guide plate protrudes forwards to be spaced from the top face of the lower die, wherein the guide plate has a guide groove defined in a lower portion of the plate, into which the tray plate is inserted to move to the opposite side, wherein the guide plate has a through hole defined above the groove, through which the compressing pin penetrates.
  • the cutting and pressing and fixing assembly further includes a plurality of ascending and descending guide rods, wherein the plurality of ascending and descending guide rods are disposed in a top portion of the lower die and are arranged in a front-rear direction, wherein the plurality of ascending and descending guide rods are maintained at an elevated position via an underlying spring while ascending and descending, wherein the plurality of ascending and descending guide rods are in close contact with a bottom face of the workpiece plate supplied from a front.
  • the pressing and shaping unit includes: at least one workpiece shaping unit provided on the upper and lower dies for shaping the workpiece via compression; and a last shaping unit provided on the upper and lower dies for compress-cutting, via a vertical cutter, the front and rear portions of the workpiece as shaped via the one or more workpiece shaping units, thereby obtaining a final product.
  • two products can be simultaneously shaped, thereby to improve a productivity of compression-shaping.
  • a middle portion of a workpiece is fixed to a tray plate that fixes the workpiece to reduce a front-rear direction width of the tray plate and thus to reduce an amount of the tray plate used during the workpiece shaping.
  • a compression shaping of the workpiece is performed while a minimum size workpiece required for a final product is fixed on the tray plate such that an amount of the workpiece as used can be minimized.
  • the workpiece while only the middle portion of the workpiece is fixed to the tray plate, the workpiece is shaped at the front and rear portions thereof, and, thus, a chip or burr generated by punching the workpiece fixing hole in the tray plate does not affect the shaped rear and front portions of the workpiece at all. Therefore, in the compression-shaping of the workpiece, this may prevent the shaping failure due to the influence of chips or burrs generated during the punching of the tray plate, thereby to achieve an advantage of minimizing a defective shaping rate.
  • the workpieces are fixed to the tray plate such that the workpieces are arranged to be spaced apart from each other in a left-right direction.
  • the expansion may not impose any interference to neighboring workpieces.
  • working accuracy can be improved during the compression-shaping of each workpiece, thereby shaping a high-precision product.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view showing a forging apparatus according to the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 2 is a top view of a lower die showing main portions according to the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view of main portions according to the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along a line A-A of FIG. 1 .
  • FIG. 4A shows a state before a workpiece is fixed.
  • FIG. 4B shows a workpiece in a fixed state.
  • FIG. 5 is a partial schematic view seen from a part C of FIG. 2 .
  • FIG. 5A shows an upper die in a raised state.
  • FIG. 5B shows a state where the upper die is lowered.
  • FIG. 6 is a flow chart of a forging method according to the present disclosure.
  • an apparatus for forging a workpiece includes a press 1 having upper and lower dies 11 and 12, and includes a tray plate supply assembly 2 that supplies, by one pitch, a tray plate 7 in a raised or lowered manner from one side (hereinafter, a left side of the drawings will be referred to as one side and a right side of the drawings that is an opposite side thereto will be referred to an opposite side) to the opposite side towards a middle portion of a top of the lower die 12 and to be spaced from a top face of the lower die 12.
  • a left side of the drawings will be referred to as one side and a right side of the drawings that is an opposite side thereto will be referred to an opposite side
  • the forging apparatus includes a punching unit 3 disposed on the upper and lower dies 11 and 12 at one side thereof to continuously form a workpiece fixing hole 71 in the tray plate 7; a workpiece plate supply assembly 4 provided in front of an opposite side of the punching unit 3 for feeding a workpiece plate 8 at one pitch to a position below the workpiece fixing hole 71 defined in the tray plate 7, wherein the workpiece plate supply assembly 4 forms a through-protrusion 82 to pass through the workpiece fixing hole 71 at a top of a middle portion of a portion of the workpiece plate 8 corresponding to the fed one pitch; a cutting and pressing and fixing assembly 5 provided on the upper and lower die 11 and 12 at the opposite side of the punching unit 3 for cutting the workpiece plate 8 to be fed to the position below the workpiece fixing hole 71 of the tray plate 7 by one pitch and for pressing and fixing the through-protrusion 82 formed on the rear end of the cut workpiece 81 into the workpiece fixing hole 71; and a pressing and shaping unit 6
  • the press 1 has the upper and lower dies 11 and 12.
  • the upper die 11 is raised and lowered from and toward a top of the lower die 12.
  • a configuration in which the upper die 11 is moved upward and downward is already known, and a detailed description thereof will be omitted.
  • the tray plate supply assembly 2 constituting the apparatus of the present disclosure is spaced from one side of the press 1 to supply the tray plate 7 wound on a roller to the top face of the lower die 12 of the press 1.
  • the tray plate supply assembly 2 feeds the tray plate 7 from one side to the opposite side by one pitch to the top face of the lower die 12 via driving of upper and lower rollers associated with each other.
  • the tray plate supply assembly 2 further includes an ascending and descending guide 13 for supplying the tray plate 7 away from the top face of the lower die 12 and allowing the tray plate to move up and down.
  • the ascending and descending guide 13 includes a plurality of ascending and descending guide rods 131.
  • the plurality of ascending and descending guide rods 131 are formed on a middle region of a top of the lower die 12 and arranged at intervals in a right-left direction.
  • the plurality of ascending and descending guide rods 131 are maintained in an ascended position via an underlying spring S while ascending and descending.
  • the plurality of ascending and descending guide rods 131 are in close contact with a bottom face of the tray plate 7. That is, when the upper die 11 is lowered, the tray plate 7 is moved downward and is brought into close contact with the top face of the lower die 12.
  • the apparatus according to the present disclosure feeds the tray plate 7 to be spaced apart from the top face of the lower die 12 via the ascending and descending guide 13 including the ascending and descending guide rods 131.
  • the tray plate 7 includes an upward-bent reinforcement plate 72 formed in a length-direction at the front and rear end of the tray plate 7 for reinforcing the tray plate 7.
  • the upward-bent reinforcement plate 72 prevents the tray plate 7 from being twisted or warped.
  • the punching unit 3 constituting the apparatus according to the present disclosure is disposed on the upper and lower dies 11 and 12 at one side thereof.
  • the punching unit 3 serves to continuously form a workpiece fixing hole 71 in the tray plate 7.
  • the workpiece fixing hole 71 includes a plurality of fixing holes 711 for firmly fixing the workpiece 81.
  • the punching unit 3 includes a plurality of punchers (not shown) protruding downward from the upper die 11, and a plurality of discharge holes (not shown) defined in the lower die 12 for receiving a piece punched by with the puncher.
  • the workpiece plate 8 supply assembly 4 constituting the apparatus of the present disclosure is spaced from the front of the press 1.
  • the workpiece plate supply assembly 4 serves to supply the workpiece plate 8 wound on a roller to the cutting and pressing and fixing assembly 5.
  • the workpiece plate supply assembly 4 is disposed in front of the cutting and pressing and fixing assembly 5.
  • the workpiece plate supply assembly 4 may include a workpiece plate supply unit 41 for supplying the workpiece plate 8 at a pitch and protrusion forging means 42 disposed between the workpiece plate supply unit 41 and the cutting and pressing and fixing assembly 5 for shaping the through-protrusion 82.
  • the workpiece plate supply unit 41 feeds the workpiece plate 8 at one pitch above a through-fixing portion for the workpiece 81 via the driving of upper and lower rollers interlocked with each other.
  • the workpiece plate supply unit 41 is already known, and a detailed description thereof will be omitted.
  • the protrusion forging means 42 may shape the through-protrusion 82 on the workpiece plate 8 by compressing the workpiece plate 8.
  • the protrusion forging means 42 may include a fixed lower die 421 and an ascending and descending upper die 422.
  • the fixed lower die 421 has, at a top, a protrusion-shaping convex portion 421a.
  • the ascending and descending upper die 422 is disposed above the fixed lower die 421, and has a protrusion-shaping concave portion 422a at a bottom thereof.
  • the ascending and descending upper die 422 may shape the through-protrusions 82 in a repetitive compression manner via iterative ascending and descending.
  • the through-protrusion 82 includes a plurality of through fixing pins 821, wherein the plurality of through fixing pins 821 penetrates the fixing holes 711 constituting the workpiece fixing hole 71 and then a top of the plurality of through fixing pins 821 is compressed and extended by the cutting and pressing and fixing assembly 5.
  • the cutting and pressing and fixing assembly 5 constituting the apparatus according to the present disclosure is constructed to repeatedly cut the workpiece plate 8 inserted into the cutting and pressing and fixing assembly 5, and to press and fix the rear end of the cut workpiece 81 end to the tray plate 7.
  • the cutting and pressing and fixing assembly 5 includes a workpiece cutting unit 51 provided with a workpiece cutter 511 at a lower front of the upper die 11 to cut the workpiece plate 8 via a lowering of the upper die 11, and a workpiece pressing and fixing unit 52 provided at a rear end of the workpiece cutting unit 51, wherein the workpiece pressing and fixing unit 52 has a compressing pin 521 at a bottom of the upper die 11, wherein the workpiece pressing and fixing unit 52 pushes the through-protrusion 82 formed in the rear end of the workpiece 81 into the workpiece fixing hole 71 and compresses and fixes a top of the through-protrusion 82 into the workpiece fixing hole 71 via the lowering of the upper die 11.
  • the top of the through-protrusion 82 extends like a rivet, such that the through-protrusion 82 is permanently inserted and fixed within the workpiece fixing hole 71.
  • the cutting and pressing and fixing assembly 5 further includes a guide plate 53.
  • the guide plate 53 has a rear end fixed to the lower die 12.
  • the guide plate 53 protrudes forwards to be spaced from the top face of the lower die 12.
  • the guide plate 53 has a guide groove 531 defined in a lower portion thereof, into which the tray plate 7 is inserted to move to the opposite side.
  • the guide plate 53 has a through hole 532 defined above the groove 531, through which the compressing pin 521 penetrates.
  • the cutting and pressing and fixing assembly 5 further includes a plurality of ascending and descending guide rods 54.
  • the plurality of ascending and descending guide rods 54 are disposed in the top portion of the lower die 12 and are arranged in a front-rear direction.
  • the plurality of ascending and descending guide rods 54 are maintained at their elevated position via the underlying spring S while ascending and descending.
  • the plurality of ascending and descending guide rods 54 are in close contact with the bottom face of the workpiece plate 8 supplied from the front.
  • the workpiece 81 may be made of metal.
  • the tray plate 7 may be preferably made of a metal having a lower ductility than the workpiece 81. Further, the workpiece 81 may be made of aluminum or copper. The tray plate 7 may be made of iron or stainless steel.
  • the workpiece 81 while only the middle portion of the workpiece 81 is fixed to the tray plate 7, the workpiece 81 is press-shaped at the rear and front portions thereof.
  • a chip or burr generated by punching the workpiece fixing hole 71 in the tray plate 7 does not affect the shaped rear and front portions of the workpiece 81 at all. Therefore, according to the present disclosure, in the compression-shaping of the workpiece 81, this may prevent the shaping failure due to the influence of chips or burrs generated during the punching of the tray plate 7, thereby to achieve an advantage of minimizing a defective shaping rate.
  • the pressing and shaping unit 6 constituting the apparatus according to the present disclosure is provided on the upper and lower dies 11 and 12 to compress-shape the moved workpiece 81.
  • the pressing and shaping unit includes at least one workpiece shaping unit 61 provided at one side of the press for shaping the front and rear portions of the workpiece 81 via compression; and a last shaping unit 62 provided on the upper and lower dies 11 and 12 at the opposite side of a single workpiece shaping unit 61 and of a workpiece shaping unit 61 located at the most opposite side among the plurality of workpiece shaping units 61, wherein the last shaping unit 62 compresses and cuts, via a vertical cutter C, the shaped front and rear portions of the workpiece 81, which has been shaped via the one or more workpiece shaping units 61, thereby obtaining a final product.
  • the forging method according to the present disclosure may be performed using the forging apparatus described above, or may be performed using another forging apparatus.
  • the forging method according to the present disclosure an example using the forging apparatus according to the present disclosure as described above is considered.
  • the forging method first performs an operation 100 of ascending and descending the upper die 11 of press 1 repeatedly, wherein the press 1 includes the upper and lower dies 11 and 12, which sequentially have the punching unit 3, the cutting and pressing and fixing assembly 5, and the pressing and shaping unit 6 from one side of the press 1 to the opposite side of the press 1.
  • the method performs a workpiece fixing hole shaping operation 200 in which each time the upper die 11 is raised, the tray plate 7 is supplied by one pitch from said one side of the press towards said opposite side of the press along a middle portion between a front and a rear portion of the lower die, and above said lower die 12 so as to be spaced apart from a top face of the lower die 12 in such a manner that the tray plate 7 can ascend and descend, and at the same time, the workpiece fixing hole 71 is continuously punctured in the tray plate 7 via the punching unit 3.
  • the method performs a workpiece plate supply operation 300 in which each time the upper die 11 is raised, the workpiece plate 8 is supplied from a front by one pitch to a position below the workpiece fixing hole 71 of the tray plate 7 located on the cutting and pressing and fixing assembly 5, and, at the same time, the through-protrusion 82 to pass through the workpiece fixing hole 71 is formed on a top of a middle portion of a portion of the workpiece plate 8 corresponding to the supplied one pitch.
  • the workpiece 81 may be made of metal.
  • the tray plate 7 may be preferably made of a metal having a lower ductility than the workpiece 81. Further, the workpiece 81 may be made of aluminum or copper. The tray plate 7 may be made of iron or stainless steel.
  • the method performs a workpiece fixing operation 400 in which the workpiece plate 8 supplied into the position below the workpiece fixing hole 71 located on the cutting and pressing and fixing assembly 5 is cut by one pitch, and, then, the through-protrusion 82 formed on the middle portion of the cut workpiece 81 passes through the workpiece fixing hole 71 and is compressed and fixed into the workpiece fixing hole 71. That is, the workpiece fixing operation 400 is repeatedly performed in a process of repeatedly ascending and descending the upper die of the press including the upper and lower dies. The operation 400 is preferably repeatedly performed in a process of supplying the workpiece plate by one pitch.
  • the method performs a workpiece shaping operation 500 in which the workpiece 81, which is moved while being fixed to the tray plate 7, is compression-shaped by the pressing and shaping unit 6. Thereby, the compression-shaping of the workpieces 81 is completed.
  • the workpiece 81 in order to compress-shape the workpiece 81 in various shapes, the workpiece 81 is shaped at the front and rear portions thereof via one or more workpiece shaping units 61, and then, the front and rear portions of the workpiece 81, which has been shaped via the one or more workpiece shaping units 61, is compression-cut by the vertical cutter C of the last shaping unit 62. This completes the last product.
  • the forging method and forging apparatus according to the present disclosure, only the middle portion of the workpiece 81 is fixed to the tray plate 7 which fixes the workpiece 81. As a result, the front-rear directional width of the tray plate 7 is reduced. This can reduce the amount of the tray plate 7 used when shaping the workpiece 81, thereby lowering the manufacturing cost of the product.
  • the forging apparatus according to the present disclosure fixes the workpiece 81 having the minimum size required for the last product to the tray plate 7 and then compress-shapes the product. Thus, the use amount of the workpiece 81 can be minimized, and thus, the manufacturing cost of the product can be reduced.
  • the workpieces 81 are fixed to the tray plate 7 such that the workpieces 81 are arranged to be spaced apart from each other in a left-right direction.
  • the expansion may not impose any interference to neighboring workpieces 81.
  • working accuracy can be improved during the compression-shaping of each workpiece 81, thereby shaping a high-precision product.

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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)

Claims (14)

  1. Schmiedeverfahren, umfassend:
    einen Vorgang (100) zum wiederholten Anheben und Absenken eines oberen Gesenks (11) einer Presse (1), wobei die Presse (1) die oberen und unteren Gesenke (11; 12) aufweist, welche nacheinander eine Stanzeinheit (3), eine Anordnung (5) zum Schneiden und Pressen und Fixieren, und eine Press- und Formungseinheit (6) aufweisen, die von einer Seite der Presse (1) zu einer gegenüberliegenden Seite der Presse (1) angeordnet sind;
    einen Vorgang (200) zum Formen eines Werkstück-Befestigungslochs (71), bei dem jedes Mal, wenn das obere Gesenk (11) angehoben wird, eine Tray-Platte (7) von der einen Seite der Presse in Richtung der gegenüberliegenden Seite der Presse entlang eines mittleren Abschnitts zwischen einem vorderen und einem hinteren Abschnitt des unteren Gesenks (12) und oberhalb des unteren Gesenks (12) derart um eine Abstandseinheit zugeführt wird, dass die Tray-Platte (7) auf- und niedergehen kann und gleichzeitig ein Werkstück-Befestigungsloch (71) kontinuierlich über die Stanzeinheit (3) in die Tray-Platte (7) gestochen wird,
    einen Vorgang (300) zum Zuführen einer Werkstückplatte (8), bei dem jedes Mal, wenn das obere Gesenk (11) angehoben wird, eine Werkstückplatte (8) von einer Vorderseite der Presse (1) um eine Abstandseinheit an eine Position unterhalb des Werkstück-Befestigungslochs (71) der Tray-Platte (7) zugeführt wird, die sich an der Anordnung (5) zum Schneiden und Pressen und Fixieren befindet, wobei die Werkstückplatte (8) um eine halbe Abstandseinheit von ihrem stromaufwärtigen Endes mit einem Durchgangsvorsprung (82) versehen ist, der durch das Werkstück-Befestigungsloch (71) hindurchtreten soll; und gleichzeitig ein weiterer solcher Durchgangsvorsprung (82) an einer Oberseite eines nachfolgenden stromaufwärtigen Endes eines Abschnitts der Werkstückplatte (8) gebildet ist, der einer nachfolgenden zugeführten Abstandseinheit entspricht;
    einen Vorgang (400) zum Fixieren der Werkstückplatte, bei dem die in die Position unterhalb des Werkstück-Befestigungslochs (71) zugeführte Werkstückplatte (8), die sich an der Anordnung (5) zum Schneiden und Pressen und Fixieren befindet, um eine Abstandseinheit abgeschnitten wird, und bei dem der an dem mittleren Abschnitt des abgeschnittenen Werkstücks (81) gebildete Durchgangsvorsprung (82) durch das Werkstück-Befestigungslochs (71) gelangt und zusammengedrückt und in dem Werkstück-Befestigungsloch (71) fixiert wird; und
    einen Werkstück-Formungsvorgang (500), bei dem das Werkstück (81), nachdem es aus der Werkstückplatte (8) ausgeschnitten und an der Tray-Platte (7) fixiert wurde, und außerdem von der Tray-Platte (7) um eine Abstandseinheit bewegt wurde, von der Press-und-Formungseinheit (6) kompressionsgeformt wird.
  2. Schmiedeverfahren nach Anspruch 1, wobei bei dem Werkstück-Formungsvorgang das Werkstück (81) an einem vorderen und hinteren Abschnitt des Werkstücks (81) über eine oder mehr Werkstück-Formgebungseinheiten (6) geformt wird und dann die vorderen und hinteren Abschnitte des Werkstücks (81), die über die eine oder mehr Werkstück-Formgebungseinheiten (6) geformt werden, kompressionsgeschnittenen werden, um ein letztes Erzeugnis fertigzustellen.
  3. Schmiedeverfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2, wobei die Tray-Platte (7) ferner eine nach oben gebogene Versteifungsplatte (72) aufweist, die in einer Längsrichtung am vorderen und hinteren Ende der Tray-Platte (7) gebildet ist, um die Tray-Platte (7) zu versteifen.
  4. Schmiedeverfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, wobei das Werkstück (81) aus Metall gefertigt ist, wobei die Tray-Platte (7) aus einem Metall mit geringerer Duktilität als das Werkstück (81) gefertigt ist.
  5. Schmiedeverfahren nach Anspruch 4, wobei das Werkstück (81) aus Aluminium oder Kupfer gefertigt ist, wobei die Tray-Platte (7) aus Eisen oder Edelstahl gefertigt ist.
  6. Schmiedevorrichtung, aufweisend:
    eine Presse (1) mit oberen und unteren Gesenken (11; 12), die nacheinander eine Stanzeinheit (3), eine Anordnung (5) zum Schneiden und Pressen und Fixieren und eine Press-und-Formungseinheit (6) aufweisen, die von einer Seite der Presse (1) zu einer gegenüberliegenden Seite der Presse (1) angeordnet sind; haben, wobei:
    eine Anordnung (2) zum Zuführen einer Tray-Platte (7) vorgesehen ist, um eine Tray-Platte (7) um eine Abstandseinheit von der einen Seite der Presse (1) in Richtung der gegenüberliegenden Seite der Presse (1) entlang eines mittleren Abschnitts zwischen einem vorderen und hinteren Abschnitt des unteren Gesenks (12) und oberhalb des unteren Gesenks (12) zuzuführen, wobei die Anordnung (2) zum Zuführen einer Tray-Platte eine Führung (13) zum Anheben und Absenken aufweist, die eingerichtet ist, die Tray-Platte (7) von der oberen Fläche des unteren Gesenks (12) weg zuzuführen und es der Tray-Platte zu ermöglichen, sich nach oben und unten zu bewegen, so dass die Tray-Platte (7) jedes Mal, wenn das obere Gesenk (11) angehoben wird, auf- und niedergehen kann,
    die Stanzeinheit (3) an dem oberen und unteren Gesenk (11, 12) an der einen Seite der Presse (1) angeordnet ist, um kontinuierlich ein Werkstück-Befestigungsloch (71) in der Tray-Platte (7) zu bilden;
    eine Anordnung (4) zum Zuführen einer Werkstückplatte (8) vor der Anordnung (15) zum Schneiden und Pressen und Fixieren angeordnet ist, zum Zuleiten einer Werkstückplatte (8) um eine Abstandseinheit, so dass ein Durchgangsvorsprung (82), der sich um eine halbe Abstandseinheit von dem stromaufwärtigen Ende der Werkstückplatte (8) befindet, an eine Position unterhalb des Werkstück-Befestigungslochs (71) zugeführt wird, das in der Tray-Platte (7) definiert ist;
    wobei die Anordnung (4) zum Zuführen einer Werkstückplatte Mittel zum Ausbilden eines weiteren derartigen Durchgangsvorsprungs (82) an einem mittleren Abschnitt in Vorn-Hinten-Richtung in einem Abschnitt der Werkstückplatte (8) aufweist, der einer folgenden zugeführten Abstandseinheit entspricht;
    die Anordnung (5) zum Schneiden und Pressen und Fixieren an dem oberen und unteren Gesenk (11, 12) mit Mitteln zum Schneiden der Werkstückplatte (8) versehen ist, die an die Position unterhalb des Werkstück-Befestigungslochs (71) der Tray-Platte (7) um eine Abstandseinheit zugeleitet wird; und mit Mitteln zum Pressen und Fixieren des Durchgangsvorsprungs (82), der an dem abgeschnittenen Werkstück (81) gebildet ist, in dem Werkstück-Befestigungsloch (71); und
    die Press-und-Formungseinheit (6) an dem oberen und unteren Gesenk (11) mit Mitteln zum Zusammendrücken und Formen des zugeleiteten Werkstücks (81) versehen ist.
  7. Schmiedevorrichtung nach Anspruch 6,
    wobei die Führung (13) zum Auf- und Niedergehen eine Vielzahl von Führungsstangen (131) zum Auf- und Niedergehen aufweist, wobei die Vielzahl von Führungsstangen (131) zum Auf- und Niedergehen in einem mittleren Abschnitt einer Oberseite des unteren Gesenks (12) gebildet sind und in Abständen in einer Rechts-Links-Richtung angeordnet sind, wobei die Vielzahl von Führungsstangen (131) zum Auf- und Niedergehen mittels einer darunterliegenden Feder (S) in einer angehobenen Position gehalten werden, während sie auf- und niedergehen, wobei die Vielzahl von Führungsstangen (131) zum Auf- und Niedergehen in engem Kontakt mit einer unteren Fläche der Tray-Platte (7) sind.
  8. Schmiedevorrichtung nach Anspruch 6, wobei die Stanzeinheit zum Bilden einer Vielzahl von Befestigungslöchern (711) eingerichtet ist,
    wobei die Anordnung (4) zum Zuführen einer Werkstückplatte eingerichtet ist, den Durchgangsvorsprung (82) in Form einer Vielzahl von Durchgangsbefestigungsstiften (821) zu bilden, und wobei die Anordnung (5) zum Schneiden und Pressen und Fixieren eingerichtet ist, die Vielzahl von Durchgangsbefestigungsstiften (821) die Befestigungslöcher (711) durchdringen zu lassen, die das Werkstückbefestigungsloch (71) darstellen, und dann eine Oberseite der Vielzahl von Durchgangsbefestigungsstiften (821) zusammenzudrücken und zu verbreitern.
  9. Schmiedevorrichtung nach Anspruch 6,
    wobei die Anordnung (4) zum Zuführen einer Werkstückplatte aufweist:
    eine Werkstückplattenzufuhreinheit (41), die vor der Anordnung (5) zum Schneiden und Pressen und Fixieren der Presse (1) angeordnet ist, um die Werkstückplatte (8) um eine Abstandseinheit zuzuführen; und
    Vorsprungs-Schmiedemitteln (42), die zwischen der Werkstückplattenzufuhreinheit (41) und der Anordnung (5) zum Schneiden und Pressen und Fixieren zum Formen des Durchgangsvorsprungs (82) angeordnet sind.
  10. Schmiedevorrichtung nach Anspruch 9,
    wobei die Vorsprungs-Schmiedemittel (42) ein feststehendes unteres Gesenk (421) und ein auf- und niedergehendes oberes Gesenk (422) aufweisen,
    wobei das feststehende untere Gesenk (421) an der Oberseite des Gesenks (421) einen Vorsprungs-formenden konvexen Abschnitt (421a) aufweist;
    wobei das auf- und niedergehende obere Gesenk (422) oberhalb des feststehenden unteren Gesenks (421) angeordnet ist und einen Vorsprungs-formenden konkaven Abschnitt (422a) an einer Unterseite des Gesenks (422) aufweist, wobei das auf- und niedergehende obere Gesenk (422) auf wiederholend komprimierende Weise die Durchgangsvorsprünge (82) über ein iteratives Auf- und Niedergehen formt.
  11. Schmiedevorrichtung nach Anspruch 6,
    wobei die Anordnung (5) zum Schneiden und Pressen und Fixieren aufweist:
    eine Werkstück-Schneideeinheit (51), die mit einem Werkstückmesser (511) an einer unteren Vorderseite des oberen Gesenks (11) versehen ist, um die Werkstückplatte (8) über ein Absenken des oberen Gesenks (11) zu schneiden; und
    eine Einheit (52) zum Pressen und Fixieren des Werkstücks, die an einem hinteren Ende der Werkstück-Schneideeinheit (51) vorgesehen ist, wobei die Einheit (52) zum Pressen und Fixieren des Werkstücks einen Druckstift (521) an einer Unterseite des oberen Gesenks (11) aufweist, wobei die Einheit (52) zum Pressen und Fixieren des Werkstücks eingerichtet ist, den Durchgangsvorsprung (82), der an dem mittleren Abschnitt des Werkstücks (81) gebildet ist, in das Werkstück-Befestigungsloch (71) zu schieben, und eine Oberseite des Durchgangsvorsprung (82) in das Werkstück-Befestigungsloch (71) zu drücken und dort zu befestigen, über das Absenken des oberen Gesenks (11).
  12. Schmiedevorrichtung nach Anspruch 11,
    wobei die Anordnung (5) zum Schneiden und Pressen und Fixieren ferner ein Leitblech (53) aufweist;
    wobei das Leitblech (53) mit einem hinteren Ende an dem unteren Gesenk (12) befestigt ist, wobei das Leitblech (53) nach vorne vorsteht, um von der oberen Fläche des unteren Gesenks (12) beabstandet zu sein, wobei das Leitblech (53) eine Führungsnut (531) aufweist, die in einem unteren Abschnitt des Blechs (53) definiert ist und konfiguriert ist, die Tray-Platte (7) aufzunehmen, wobei das Leitblech eine Durchgangsöffnung (532) aufweist, die oberhalb der Nut (531) definiert ist, durch die der Druckstift (521) hindurchdringt.
  13. Schmiedevorrichtung nach Anspruch 11,
    wobei die Anordnung (5) zum Schneiden und Pressen und Fixieren ferner eine Vielzahl von auf- und niedergehenden Führungsstäben (54) aufweist, wobei die Vielzahl von Führungsstäben (54) in einem oberen Abschnitt des unteren Gesenks (12) angeordnet und in einer Vorn-Hinten-Richtung angeordnet sind,
    wobei die Vielzahl von auf- und niedergehenden Führungsstäben (54) durch eine unterliegende Feder (S) an einer erhöhten Position gehalten werden und dabei auf- und niedergehen, wobei die Vielzahl von auf- und niedergehenden Führungsstäben (54) in engem Kontakt mit einer unteren Fläche der Werkstückplatte (8) sind, die von vorn her zugeführt wird.
  14. Schmiedevorrichtung nach Anspruch 6, wobei die Press-und-Formungseinheit (6) aufweist:
    mindestens eine Werkstück-Formungseinheit (61), die an dem oberen und unteren Gesenk (11; 12) vorgesehen ist, um das Werkstück (81) mittels Kompression zu formen; und
    eine letzte Formungseinheit (62), die an dem oberen und unteren Gesenk (11; 12) vorgesehen ist, zum Kompressionsschneiden, durch einen Vertikalschneider, des vorderen und hinteren Abschnitts des Werkstücks (81), das über die eine oder mehr Werkstück-Formungseinheiten (61) geformt wird, wodurch ein Enderzeugnis erhalten wird.
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