EP3453850A1 - Commande de soupape variable - Google Patents

Commande de soupape variable Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3453850A1
EP3453850A1 EP18186844.9A EP18186844A EP3453850A1 EP 3453850 A1 EP3453850 A1 EP 3453850A1 EP 18186844 A EP18186844 A EP 18186844A EP 3453850 A1 EP3453850 A1 EP 3453850A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pivot
variable valve
valve train
lever
rocker arm
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP18186844.9A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3453850B1 (fr
Inventor
Peter Bogdanski
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
MAN Truck and Bus SE
Original Assignee
MAN Truck and Bus SE
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by MAN Truck and Bus SE filed Critical MAN Truck and Bus SE
Publication of EP3453850A1 publication Critical patent/EP3453850A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3453850B1 publication Critical patent/EP3453850B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L13/00—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations
    • F01L13/0015—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque
    • F01L13/0063—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque by modification of cam contact point by displacing an intermediate lever or wedge-shaped intermediate element, e.g. Tourtelot
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L13/00—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations
    • F01L13/0015—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/12—Transmitting gear between valve drive and valve
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/12—Transmitting gear between valve drive and valve
    • F01L1/18—Rocking arms or levers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/12—Transmitting gear between valve drive and valve
    • F01L1/18—Rocking arms or levers
    • F01L1/181—Centre pivot rocking arms
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/26—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of two or more valves operated simultaneously by same transmitting-gear; peculiar to machines or engines with more than two lift-valves per cylinder
    • F01L1/267—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of two or more valves operated simultaneously by same transmitting-gear; peculiar to machines or engines with more than two lift-valves per cylinder with means for varying the timing or the lift of the valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L2305/00—Valve arrangements comprising rollers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L2820/00—Details on specific features characterising valve gear arrangements
    • F01L2820/03—Auxiliary actuators
    • F01L2820/032—Electric motors

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a variable valve train for an internal combustion engine.
  • variable valve trains for varying shift times and valve lifts of gas exchange valves of an internal combustion engine during operation of the internal combustion engine.
  • a variety of variable valve trains is known.
  • the US 2005/0150472 A1 discloses an example of a variable valve train.
  • the variable valve train includes a camshaft that is rotatably supported on a fixed part of the engine and includes a cam.
  • a first rocker arm is pivotally mounted on a fixed part of the engine. The first rocker arm engages a shaft of an engine valve.
  • a rotatable drum is carried by a fixed part of the engine and at least partially surrounds the cam.
  • a second rocker arm is pivotally mounted on the drum. To rotate the drum, a control is provided.
  • the second rocker arm has a cam follower following the cam of the camshaft.
  • the first rocker arm has a roller in contact with a bearing surface of the second rocker arm.
  • variable valve trains such as the variable valve train from the US 2005/0150472 A1 , is that these often have a complicated structure, a large number of parts and / or a large amount of space.
  • variable valve drive should have a simple structure, few parts and / or only a small space.
  • variable valve train according to the independent claim.
  • Advantageous developments are specified in the dependent claims and the description.
  • the variable valve train is suitable for an internal combustion engine.
  • the variable valve train has a camshaft with a cam.
  • the variable valve train has a rocker arm for actuating at least one gas exchange valve of the internal combustion engine.
  • the variable valve train has a pivot lever element, in particular Schwenkhebelkulisse on, which has a contact surface and a cam follower. The contact surface is in operative connection, in particular in contact, with the rocker arm and the cam follower follows a cam contour of the cam.
  • the variable valve train includes a first lever arm pivotally supporting the pivot lever member and connected to a drivable pivot shaft for pivoting about a longitudinal axis of the pivot shaft.
  • variable valve train allows variable transmission of the cam contour to the rocker arm by changing a position of a pivot axis which pivotally connects the rocker arm member to the first lever arm.
  • an adjustment of the lever arm by the pivot shaft causes the position of the pivot axis is changed, resulting in a sliding movement of the pivot lever element.
  • the contact positions between the rocker arm, the pivot lever element and the cam change.
  • the changed contact positions can be used to realize different "translations" of the cam contour on the rocker arm by the pivot lever element and thus to influence the amount of the maximum valve lift.
  • valve train To ensure the variability of the valve train, only a few additional parts compared to a non-variable valve train are needed. These include in particular the first lever arm and the pivot lever element.
  • the comparatively simple design also enables a robust system and requires little additional space depending on the design.
  • the rocker arm on the contact surface of the pivot lever element and the cam follower of the pivot lever element are in operative connection with the cam for actuating the at least one gas exchange valve.
  • the rocker arm is pivotally mounted about the pivot shaft. Additionally or alternatively, the pivot shaft serves as Kipphebelachse for the rocker arm. Such a configuration significantly reduces the space of the variable valve train, since it is not necessary to provide a shaft for pivoting the first lever arm and a rocker shaft for pivotal connection with the rocker arm separately from each other.
  • a rotation of the pivot shaft causes a pivoting of the first lever arm and the pivot lever element, so that a transmission the cam contour of the cam from the pivot lever element to the rocker arm, in particular stepless, is variable.
  • the valve lift curve transmitted to the at least one gas exchange valve can be changed by pivoting the first lever arm by changing the position of the pivot axis pivotally connecting the first lever arm and the pivot lever element.
  • the transmission for changing a maximum valve lift of the at least one gas exchange valve is variable, in particular up to a zero stroke of the at least one gas exchange valve.
  • the first lever arm is rotatably connected to the pivot shaft. Due to the rigid connection, a rotational movement of the pivot shaft can be transmitted to the same directly to the first lever arm for pivoting.
  • the first lever arm can be directly rotatably connected to the pivot shaft or an intermediate circuit of one or more intermediate links, for example, a sleeve surrounding the pivot shaft, indirectly rotatably connected to the pivot shaft.
  • the pivot lever element is pivoted when following the cam contour of the cam by the cam follower relative to the first lever arm.
  • a pivot axis is provided which connects the first lever arm and the pivot lever element pivotally with each other.
  • the pivotable connection (pivot axis) between the pivot lever element and the first lever arm can thus fulfill two tasks. On the one hand, a pivoting of the pivot lever element for following the cam contour of the cam is made possible.
  • the connection (pivot axis) serves as a suspension for the pivot lever element whose position can be changed by means of the first lever arm to change the valve lift curve of the at least one gas exchange valve.
  • the rocker arm has a rotatable roller for contacting the abutment surface.
  • the rotatable roller can rest on the contact surface.
  • the contact surface can have a steady course.
  • the rotatable roller can allow a continuous adjustment of the variable valve train.
  • the cam follower of the pivot lever element and the rotatable roller of the rocker arm can be designed the same.
  • the cam follower and the role of the rocker arm can be designed as equal parts. This reduces the variety of parts.
  • the contact surface is concave.
  • the contact surface can also be realized flat or convex. This depends on the selected lever ratios of the valve train.
  • the pivot shaft is rotatable only in a limited angular range less than 360 °, in particular in an angular range smaller than 120 °. This may be due to the fact that the first lever arm only has to be pivoted onto the rocker arm in a small angular range for pivoting the pivot lever element in order to change the transmission of the cam contour.
  • the limited necessary angular range for rotating the pivot shaft may have an influence on a drive unit of the pivot shaft and a connection between the drive unit and the pivot shaft.
  • the pivot shaft can be rotatably mounted in bearing blocks, which are preferably attached to a cylinder head of the internal combustion engine.
  • variable valve drive has a second lever arm, which is connected to the first lever arm via the pivot shaft and, in particular, via the pivot axis.
  • the first lever arm and the second lever arm can be arranged in particular on opposite sides of the rocker arm.
  • Two lever arms, a particularly secure holder for the pivot lever element can be made possible.
  • the arrangement on opposite sides of the rocker arm may be favorable for space reasons.
  • the first lever arm may be formed like the second lever arm.
  • the first lever arm and the second lever arm can be designed as equal parts. This reduces the variety of parts.
  • variable valve drive further comprises a sleeve which is non-rotatably mounted on the pivot shaft.
  • the first lever arm and / or the second lever arm is rotatably mounted on the sleeve.
  • the rocker arm is pivotally mounted about the sleeve.
  • the pivot lever element is arranged between the rocker arm and the camshaft. This is advantageous for space reasons.
  • variable valve drive has a drive unit for rotating the pivot shaft.
  • the drive unit is drivingly connected to the pivot shaft.
  • the drive unit can thus be connected to the pivot shaft and / or the drive unit can be designed so that a rotation of the pivot shaft is made possible only within a limited angular range.
  • a corresponding electric servomotor with angular range can be used.
  • variable valve train for example, have an actuator which is adapted to contact the first lever arm for pivoting the first lever arm.
  • the lever arm can be adjusted via the actuator, for example.
  • Multi-stage especially two-stage.
  • at least one actuator must be provided for each cylinder.
  • stops for limiting the adjustment of the first lever arm can be provided.
  • variable valve train on a camshaft adjuster which is connected to the camshaft for adjusting a phase of the camshaft, on.
  • a variability of the variable valve train can be increased, since in particular the Ventilhubkurven can be moved, d. H. the opening and closing times of the gas exchange valves or the gas exchange valve can be changed.
  • the invention can be used particularly advantageously in a motor vehicle, in particular commercial vehicle (for example bus or truck).
  • the motor vehicle has the variable valve train disclosed herein.
  • variable valve train in internal combustion engines, which are not included in motor vehicles.
  • it may be stationary internal combustion engines, internal combustion engines on ships or in locomotives.
  • FIGS. 1 to 4 show a variable valve train 10.
  • two gas exchange valves 12 for example intake valves or exhaust valves.
  • the variable valve train 10 may be included in an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle, in particular a commercial vehicle. It is also possible that the variable valve train actuates only one gas exchange valve. It is also possible that the variable valve train actuates a plurality of gas exchange valves via a valve bridge.
  • the variable valve train 10 has a camshaft 14, a pivot lever element 16, two lever arms 18 and 20 and a rocker arm 22.
  • the camshaft 14 is rotatably mounted and has a cam 24.
  • the camshaft 14 may be connected to a phaser 26 for adjusting a phase of the camshaft 14.
  • the phaser 26 is schematically shown in FIG FIG. 2 indicated. Specifically, the phaser 26 may rotate the camshaft 14 by a predetermined angular amount in or counterclockwise with respect to a drive through a crankshaft of the internal combustion engine. Thus, the opening and closing time of the gas exchange valves 12 can be moved.
  • the pivot lever member 16 carries a cam follower 28.
  • the cam follower 28 follows a cam contour of the cam 24 as the camshaft 14 rotates.
  • the cam follower 28 is formed as a roller rotatably supported about a cam follower axis 30.
  • the cam follower axis 30 is supported by a fork 32 of the pivot lever member 16 at opposite ends of the cam follower axis 30.
  • the fork 32 is disposed at a first end of the pivot lever member 16.
  • the pivot lever member 16 is pivotally connected to the lever arms 18, 20. While the cam follower 28 follows the cam contour of the cam 24 during rotation of the camshaft 14, the pivot lever member 16 is pivoted relative to the lever arms 18, 20.
  • the pivot lever element 16 has a contact surface 34.
  • the contact surface 34 serves as a contact surface for the rocker arm 22.
  • the contact surface 34 extends concavely and is arranged on an upper side of the pivot lever element 16.
  • the pivot lever element 16 thus serves as a link for the rocker arm 22nd
  • the lever arms 18, 20 are rotatably connected to a pivot shaft 36 so that they rotate together with the pivot shaft 36. Specifically, the lever arms 18, 20 rotate upon rotation of the pivot shaft 36 about a longitudinal axis A of the pivot shaft 36.
  • the pivot shaft 36 serves as Kipphebelachse for the rocker arm 22. This is particularly advantageous for space reasons, since no separate axes for pivoting the lever arms 18th , 20 and must be provided for pivotally supporting the rocker arm 22.
  • the lever arms 18, 20 are connected to each other via the pivot shaft 36 and a pivot axis 38.
  • the lever arms 18, 20 are arranged on opposite sides of the rocker arm 22.
  • the lever arms 18, 20 engage around the pivot lever element 16 at the end of the pivot lever element 16 opposite the fork 32.
  • the lever arms 18, 20 carry the pivot lever element 16 over the pivot axis 38, so that the pivot lever element 16 is pivotable relative to the lever arms 18, 20.
  • the pivot lever element 16 for example, rotatably connected to the pivot axis 38, wherein the pivot axis 38 in turn rotatably mounted in the lever arms 18, 20.
  • the pivot lever member 16 may be pivotally provided about the pivot axis 38. It is also possible that, for example, only one lever arm is provided, which carries the pivot lever element.
  • lever arms 18, 20 are connected via a sleeve 40 with the pivot shaft 36.
  • the lever arms 18, 20 rotatably connected to the sleeve 40, wherein the sleeve 40 in turn rotatably connected to the pivot shaft 36 is connected.
  • the non-rotatable connections can be realized for example by a suitable fit, by welding, gluing, screwing, gear cutting, etc.
  • FIG. 2 schematically a drive unit 42, for example, an electric drive, shown.
  • the drive unit 42 is connected to the pivot shaft 36, so that the pivot shaft 36 at least within a predetermined angular range, for example, less than 360 °, in particular less than 90 °, is rotatable.
  • the angular range depends on the lever arm lengths of the variable valve train 10 and may, for example, be less than 20 °, as in the example shown.
  • a rotation of the pivot shaft 36 causes a pivoting of the lever arms 18 and 20, since these are rotatably connected to the pivot shaft 36.
  • a pivoting of the lever arms 18 and 20 causes a pivoting of the pivot lever element 16.
  • the pivot lever element 16 changes a position relative to the rocker arm 22 and the camshaft 14. This can specifically targeted a transfer of the cam contour of the cam 24 via the pivot lever member 16 to the rocker arm 22, the finally actuates the gas exchange valves 12, are influenced, as described in more detail below.
  • an actuator 43 may also be provided.
  • the actuator 43 may contact the first lever arm 18 and / or the second lever arm 20 to pivot the first and second lever arms 18, 20.
  • a pivoting of the lever arms 18, 20 in turn causes a pivoting of the pivot lever element 16, as already above describe is.
  • the lever arms 18, 20 may be rotatably connected to the pivot shaft 36, which thus serves only as a pivot axis.
  • the pivot shaft 36 is rotatably mounted in bearing blocks 44, for example via plain bearings or rolling bearings (see FIG. 3 ).
  • the bearing blocks 44 may, for example, be fastened by screws to a cylinder head of the internal combustion engine (not shown).
  • the rocker arm 22 is pivotally mounted about the sleeve 40 and thus pivotally about the pivot shaft 36.
  • the provision of the sleeve 40 as an intermediate member between the pivot shaft 36 on the one hand and the lever arms 18, 20 and the rocker arm 22 on the other hand can simplify assembly of the variable valve train 10.
  • an assembly consisting of the lever arms 18, 20, the rocker arm 22 and the sleeve 40 can be prefabricated, wherein the lever arms 18, 20 rotatably connected to the sleeve 40 and the rocker arm 22 is rotatably disposed about the sleeve 40.
  • the sleeve 40 can be rotatably connected to the pivot shaft 36.
  • the lever arms 18, 20, for example, directly (that is, without the interposition of a sleeve) with the pivot shaft 36 rotatably connected.
  • the rocker arm 22 can be connected directly (ie without the interposition of a sleeve) pivotally connected to the pivot shaft 36. It is also possible to provide other configurations in which the lever arms 18, 20 are rotatably connected to the pivot shaft 36 and the rocker arm 22 is pivotally connected to the pivot shaft 36.
  • the rocker arm 22 has a fork 46 which carries a rotatable roller 48 via a roller axle 50.
  • the rotatable roller 48 is in contact with the abutment surface 34 of the pivot lever member 16.
  • the cam follower 28 of the pivot lever member 16 and the rotatable roller 48 of the rocker arm 22 may be formed the same, as they transmit approximately the same forces and to reduce the variety of parts.
  • the rocker arm 22 actuates the gas exchange valves 12, for example via a ball base (elephant foot, not shown).
  • variable valve train 10 establishes an operative connection between the camshaft 14 and the gas exchange valves 12 during operation.
  • the cam follower 28 is in contact with a base circle portion of the cam 24.
  • the cam follower 28 is in contact with a valve lift area of the cam 24. More specifically, the valve lift area of the cam contour of the cam 24 causes the dog to pivot Pivot lever member 16 about the pivot axis 38, since the cam follower 28 of the cam contour of the cam 24 follows.
  • the pivoting of the pivot lever member 16 about the pivot axis 38 causes pivoting of the rocker arm 22 about the pivot shaft 36, since the roller 48 is in contact with the abutment surface 34.
  • FIG. 5 shows exemplary Ventilhubkurven for the gas exchange valves 12, which are adjustable with the variable valve train 10.
  • different valve lifts Ventilhubmaxima
  • an adjustment of the pivot shaft 36 counterclockwise causes the valve lift maximums of the gas exchange valves 12 to decrease.
  • the contact surface 34 of the pivot lever element 2 is to achieve the in FIG. 5 specially designed valve lift curves.
  • the example concave profile of the contact surface 34 must be designed so that the Ventilhubmaxima the Ventilhubkurven by adjusting the lever arms 18 can be influenced as desired.
  • the contact surface 34 must, for example, in dependence on an arrangement and dimensioning of the camshaft 14, the cam 24, the cam follower 28, the pivot lever member 16, the first lever arm 18, the second lever arm 20, the roller 48, the rocker arm 22, the pivot shaft 36, the pivot axis 38 and the gas exchange valves 12 may be designed.
  • valve lift curves can be additionally shifted (along the abscissa in FIG Fig. 5 ) so that the opening and closing times can be varied.
  • the invention is not limited to the preferred embodiments described above. Rather, a variety of variants and modifications is possible, which also make use of the inventive idea and therefore fall within the scope.
  • the invention also claims protection of the subject matter and the features of the subclaims independently of the claims referred to.
  • the features of the subclaims are also disclosed independently of the features relating to the presence and the execution of the contact surface, the pivot shaft and / or the pivotal connection between the first lever arm and the pivot lever element of the independent claim 1.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)
  • Valve-Gear Or Valve Arrangements (AREA)
EP18186844.9A 2017-08-24 2018-08-01 Commande de soupape variable Active EP3453850B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102017119348.0A DE102017119348A1 (de) 2017-08-24 2017-08-24 Variabler Ventiltrieb

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3453850A1 true EP3453850A1 (fr) 2019-03-13
EP3453850B1 EP3453850B1 (fr) 2021-01-20

Family

ID=63142972

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP18186844.9A Active EP3453850B1 (fr) 2017-08-24 2018-08-01 Commande de soupape variable

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US10619527B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP3453850B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP7351606B2 (fr)
CN (1) CN109424384B (fr)
DE (1) DE102017119348A1 (fr)
RU (1) RU2766953C2 (fr)

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WO2015093290A1 (fr) * 2013-12-20 2015-06-25 ヤマハ発動機株式会社 Commande de soupapes pour moteur
JP2016109103A (ja) * 2014-12-10 2016-06-20 トヨタ自動車株式会社 内燃機関の制御装置

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RU2018130638A3 (fr) 2022-01-17
EP3453850B1 (fr) 2021-01-20
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US20190063272A1 (en) 2019-02-28
RU2018130638A (ru) 2020-02-25
JP7351606B2 (ja) 2023-09-27
DE102017119348A1 (de) 2019-02-28
BR102018017052A8 (pt) 2023-02-07
CN109424384A (zh) 2019-03-05
BR102018017052A2 (pt) 2019-09-10
RU2766953C2 (ru) 2022-03-16
JP2019039432A (ja) 2019-03-14

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