EP3384514B1 - Schaltungsanordnung zum betrieb elektromagnetischer triebsysteme - Google Patents

Schaltungsanordnung zum betrieb elektromagnetischer triebsysteme Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3384514B1
EP3384514B1 EP16805829.5A EP16805829A EP3384514B1 EP 3384514 B1 EP3384514 B1 EP 3384514B1 EP 16805829 A EP16805829 A EP 16805829A EP 3384514 B1 EP3384514 B1 EP 3384514B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
circuit
voltage
transformer
diode
drive system
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP16805829.5A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3384514A1 (de
Inventor
Burkhard Thron
Olaf Laske
Michael Naumann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Powertech Converter GmbH
Ellenberger and Poensgen GmbH
Original Assignee
Powertech Converter GmbH
Ellenberger and Poensgen GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by Powertech Converter GmbH, Ellenberger and Poensgen GmbH filed Critical Powertech Converter GmbH
Priority to PL16805829T priority Critical patent/PL3384514T3/pl
Publication of EP3384514A1 publication Critical patent/EP3384514A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3384514B1 publication Critical patent/EP3384514B1/de
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H47/00—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current
    • H01H47/22—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current for supplying energising current for relay coil
    • H01H47/32—Energising current supplied by semiconductor device
    • H01H47/325—Energising current supplied by semiconductor device by switching regulator
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H47/00—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current
    • H01H47/002—Monitoring or fail-safe circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H47/00—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current
    • H01H47/02—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current for modifying the operation of the relay
    • H01H47/04—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current for modifying the operation of the relay for holding armature in attracted position, e.g. when initial energising circuit is interrupted; for maintaining armature in attracted position, e.g. with reduced energising current
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H47/00—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current
    • H01H47/02—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current for modifying the operation of the relay
    • H01H47/04—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current for modifying the operation of the relay for holding armature in attracted position, e.g. when initial energising circuit is interrupted; for maintaining armature in attracted position, e.g. with reduced energising current
    • H01H47/10—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current for modifying the operation of the relay for holding armature in attracted position, e.g. when initial energising circuit is interrupted; for maintaining armature in attracted position, e.g. with reduced energising current by switching-in or -out impedance external to the relay winding

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a circuit arrangement for actuating an electromagnetic drive system for electomechanical devices and a method for operating a circuit arrangement for actuating an electromagnetic drive system for electomechanical devices.
  • Electromagnetic drive systems are often used in electrical engineering to apply force to moving mechanical components. Such systems use, for example, pull magnets or other assemblies working on an electromagnetic basis. These drive systems are used in various forms in contactors, circuit breakers, relays, solenoid valves, etc.
  • the FR 2 803 956 A1 a circuit arrangement for operating an electromagnetic drive system for electromechanical devices, with at least one control voltage source, with at least one regulating and control circuit, with at least one drive system, with at least one transformer, with at least one rectifier bridge, with at least one smoothing capacitor, with at least one main switching transistor, by means of whose drive system can be controlled in a characteristic pulse train system and where the main switching transistor is connected in series with a primary branch of the transformer, the transformer being connected to the supply voltage and the secondary side of the transformer supplying the rectifier bridge.
  • the DC output voltage of the rectifier bridge is smoothed by the smoothing capacitor, so that the DC voltage is supplied with a supply curve over time.
  • the DE 198 51 973 A1 a circuit arrangement for generating auxiliary energy for operating a control unit of a switching device from a current flowing through a main current path of the switching device is shown, characterized in that a DC supply voltage for the from a voltage dependent on the current in the main current path by clocking, transforming to the secondary side of a transformer and rectifying Control unit is obtained, said voltage being applied to a series circuit consisting of a transformer and a semiconductor switch that is pulse-width-modulated depending on its secondary voltage by a control circuit (PWM), and the control circuit (PWM) can be temporarily supplied with a starting DC voltage via a switch.
  • PWM control circuit
  • the DE 197 44 202 A1 a flyback converter circuit, fed from a particularly high-resistance voltage source, with a transformer, a switching transistor which is controlled by a pulse width modulator circuit, and with an output, with the reference to the input terminals of the flyback converter
  • the primary circuit of its transformer is galvanically connected in series with the output on the secondary side.
  • the JP 3 062707 B2 a drive circuit for an inductive load that must be stopped in order to reduce the delay in load operation.
  • a load When a load is operated, rectified output signals are generated and a high voltage obtained by summing both output signals is applied to the load.
  • the output from a differentiating circuit When a specified time has passed after the operation, the output from a differentiating circuit is stopped, and accordingly the rectified output is also stopped;
  • the load is operated at a low voltage resulting only from the rectified output. Therefore, when the load drive is stopped, the energy stored in the load is lower than the conventional one, which reduces the delay in stopping the operation.
  • Adding a Zener diode to a load supply circuit can further reduce the delay in stopping operation.
  • the actuation of the aforementioned drive systems by applying the available control voltage directly to the magnet systems has the disadvantage that the control current fed in, and thus the magnetic force, is usually not adapted to the existing force-displacement characteristic of the mechanical system being driven.
  • the known electronic ballasts for operating magnetic drive systems clock the magnet systems directly via one or more electronic switches.
  • the disadvantage here is that the existing control voltage can be reduced, but not increased.
  • ballasts are preferably used to operate switching devices in the form of contactors, in which the power requirement is initially high, but then decreases over time.
  • the direct timing of the electrical drive system also creates an interference voltage spectrum that can have a negative effect on other electronic systems.
  • the steepness of the pulses also causes an increased load on the winding structure of the magnet systems, which are mostly designed for direct voltage or low-frequency alternating voltage operation.
  • the clocked mode of operation can therefore cause damage to the winding of the magnet system.
  • a circuit arrangement for actuating an electromagnetic drive system for electomechanical devices, in particular with a mechanically locked end position , with at least one control voltage source, with at least one regulating and control circuit, with at least one drive system, with at least one transformer, with at least one rectifier bridge, with at least one smoothing capacitor, with at least one main switching transistor, by means of which the drive system can be controlled in a characteristic pulse train system and the main switching transistor being connected in series with a primary branch of the transformer, the transformer being connected to the supply voltage and the secondary side of the transformer supplying the rectifier bridge, d er output DC voltage is smoothed by the smoothing capacitor and added to the voltage of the control voltage source is, so that a supply with DC voltage takes place with a time supply curve.
  • the invention is based on the basic idea that a clocked transformer stage by means of a control and regulating circuit provides the electrical feed characteristics required for the specific operation of the electromagnetic drive system in the entire input voltage and temperature range without pulsed application of the drive system coils.
  • the disadvantages of the known controls identified from the prior art are avoided and a circuit arrangement is provided which operates the magnet system of the drive systems mentioned, in particular those with direct current magnet coils, in such a way that safe and mechanically gentle operation is guaranteed in the entire input voltage and temperature range without significant interference , and also allows the actuation of drive systems which, when actuated, have a force requirement that increases rapidly over time and also have a mechanically locked, stable end position.
  • a circuit arrangement which provides a regulated DC voltage with a supply curve that is beneficial for the drive system by means of a switching stage and transformer arrangement with a downstream rectifier and also enables the actuating voltage to be increased if necessary via the existing and possibly highly tolerant control voltage. This ensures that they can be switched on safely, as in the exemplary case of a battery circuit breaker with pull magnets in the drive system and battery-buffered power supply system when there is a large one Input voltage range guaranteed.
  • the circuit arrangement enables the mechanically moving parts to be operated in a manner that is gentle and therefore extends the service life. By supplying the drive systems with a direct voltage, the emission of interference is largely avoided, particularly when cables are laid between the described circuit arrangement and the drive system.
  • An additional diode can be provided which is connected on the anode side to the node transformer - main switching transistor and on the cathode side is connected to the node of the cathodes of the rectifier bridge.
  • the rectifier bridge can be formed by a plurality of diodes. These diodes can, for example, be fast diodes for output rectification.
  • a second transistor to be provided and for the switching arrangement to be switchable in such a way that a holding circuit can be activated by means of a second transistor in the power circuit with the aid of the reverse magnetization energy of the transformer for the switch-on time by processing a gate voltage, thereby driving the second transistor and after the switch-on time has elapsed, the main switching transistor is switched off and the magnetizing back energy is no longer available.
  • PWM pulse width modulation
  • the circuit arrangement has a microcontroller circuit and that the microcontroller circuit is used for the coordinated control and pulse processing.
  • thermal fuse in particular a reversible thermal fuse, and a series resistor for the control power supply, which are arranged in such a way that in the event of a fault in the main current path, the combination of the thermal fuse and the series resistor is arranged and switchable in such a way that the thermal Connection of thermal fuse and pre-resistor main current path is interruptible.
  • the circuit arrangement further has a safety circuit with an optocoupler and with a Zener diode, which can be switched in such a way that, in the event of an interruption of the output load, an impermissibly high output voltage is avoided in that the safety circuit responds in such a way that The optocoupler is controlled via the Zener diode by the output voltage that is too high in the event of a fault and thus the output of the optocoupler acts on the control and regulation circuit and thus the switch-on time for the power transistor is reduced so that the output voltage remains limited to a permissible level .
  • the present invention also relates to a method for operating a circuit arrangement.
  • a second transistor is provided and that the switching arrangement is switched during operation in such a way that a holding circuit is activated by means of a second transistor in the power circuit with the aid of the reverse magnetization energy of the transformer for the switch-on time by processing a gate voltage, whereby a second The transistor is controlled and, after the switch-on time has elapsed, the main transistor is switched off and the reverse magnetization energy is no longer available.
  • the regulating and control circuit has a PWM circuit with a switch-on time limit and that a pulse pattern corresponding to the specifics of the drive system is stored by means of the PWM circuit, which pulse pattern can be assigned to the respective purpose by selecting it accordingly.
  • thermal fuse in particular a reversible thermal fuse, and a series resistor for the control power supply, which are arranged in such a way that in the event of a fault in the main current path, the combination of the thermal fuse and the series resistor is switched in such a way that the thermal connection of the thermal fuse and Vorwiderstad main current path is interrupted.
  • the circuit arrangement further has a safety circuit with an optocoupler and with a Zener diode, which in the event of a fault is switched in such a way that in the event of an interruption of the output load, an inadmissibly high output voltage is avoided by the safety circuit responding in such a way that the optocoupler is controlled by the excessively high output voltage in the event of a fault via the Z-diode and thus the output of the optocoupler acts on the control and regulation circuit and thus the switch-on time for the power transistor is reduced so that the output voltage remains limited to a permissible level .
  • Fig. 1 shows a basic circuit diagram of an embodiment of a circuit arrangement, designed here as a battery circuit breaker with a pull magnet, the circuit and functional principle in Fig. 1 and is shown in more detail below.
  • the circuit arrangement has a regulating and control circuit 1, which in detail includes a stabilization circuit for the internal control voltage U s with ZD 1.1, measured value acquisition 1.2, a PWM circuit (pulse width modulation circuit) with switch-on limitation t 1.3 and a driver circuit 1.4 for the power switch (VT2).
  • the switching arrangement also has an electromagnetic drive system 2.
  • the switching arrangement is connected to a control voltage source with an operating voltage (U B ).
  • the reference symbol MB denotes the negative potential (main current).
  • the switching arrangement has a switch-on button S1, a series resistor R1 for the power supply U s , a gate discharge resistor R2 for the switching transistor VT1, a discharge resistor R3 in the discharge network from the switch-on transistor for the self-holding circuit VT2, a gate leakage resistor R4 for the switch-on transistor VT2 and a steady resistor R5 for detecting the main current to generate the controlled variable.
  • a current limiting resistor R6, an overvoltage protection R7, a low-inductance intermediate circuit capacitor C1, an intermediate circuit capacitor C2 with a higher storage capacity, a smoothing capacitor C3, a capacitor C4 of the DRC relief network for the switch-on transistor VT2, and a smoothing capacitor C5 for the output load are also provided.
  • the switching arrangement VD1 has a false-polarity diode and freewheeling diode VD1, a fast diode VD2 of the DRC network for the switch-on transistor VT2, a gate voltage limiter VD3, a fast rectifier diode VD4 for processing the gate voltage for the switching transistor VT1, fast diodes for the output rectification VD5, VD6, VD7 and VD8 as well as a freewheeling diode VD9 for the switching transistor VT1, an input choke L1 (inrush current limitation), a thermal fuse F1 and an overcurrent fuse F2.
  • the additional diode VD9 is connected on the anode side to the node transformer T1 - switching transistor VT2 and on the cathode side is connected to the node of the cathodes VD6, VD8 of the rectifier bridge, which is formed by the diodes VD5, VD6, VD7, VD8.
  • terminals 1/2 which represent connections for the switch-on button, a terminal 3 as a feed input for the control power supply, a terminal 4 for the connection for the control of the switching transistor VT1, a terminal 5 as negative potential of the control voltage level, terminals 6/7 as a shunt voltage supply for the control circuit with the measuring field detection 1.2, terminals 8/9 as connection for the output load 2 of the electromagnetic drive system 2.
  • the reference symbol t A is the on-time and designated t dead, the dead time.
  • the proposed arrangement must ensure that in spite of the greatly increasing power requirement - in contrast to the generally known contactors - sufficient energy is provided for the magnet system at the end of the actuation time.
  • the switch-on process is started via the start button S1, so that the transistor VT1, which is in the blocking state, is bridged and the regulating and control circuit is activated via the series resistor R1; the control voltage preparation 1.1 is symbolized by ZD.
  • a pulse-width-modulated signal with a constant base frequency of 40 kHz is generated to create the pulse train.
  • the on-time t A is so dimensioned that under all environmental conditions the necessary pull-in time is observed in consideration of the allowable operating time for the pull magnets, as shown in Fig. 2 shown.
  • the pull magnets 2 are designed for short-term operation; Inadmissibly long operating times lead to destruction. Should the permissible operating time be exceeded in the event of a fault, the thermal fuse F1 trips as a result of the thermal coupling with the resistor R1.
  • Series resistor R1 and the reversible thermal fuse have the same basic housing shape (TO220) and are mechanically connected to one another at the thermal contact surfaces of these housings, so that reliable triggering in a defined manner is guaranteed in the event of a fault. By the choice of the resistor size results in an approximately thermally equivalent behavior to the pull magnets 2.
  • the transistor VT2 is activated by the regulation and control circuit 1 within the time t Ein of 1.6 s of the PWM circuit, a voltage is added to the control (input) voltage U B according to the transmission ratio of the transformer T1, which is formed by the rectifier bridge with VD5 to VD8 and smoothed by C5. This arrangement ensures that, by varying the PWM duty cycle, the voltage on the pull magnets can be brought to a value both below and above the control voltage.
  • the switch S1 can be opened again after closing; the self-holding circuit with VT1 continues to supply the circuit in that the reverse magnetization voltage from T1 is fed to the gate of VT1 via the diode VD4, the current limiting resistor R6 of the limiter and stabilization circuit with VD3, R2 and C3, so that it switches on.
  • the stage clocks with VT2 the power circuit remains switched on via VT1.
  • the stage switches off with VT2 and the power circuit is interrupted.
  • the switching process can be restarted. The dead time t tot prevents the drive system coils from being overloaded due to improper use.
  • the internal control voltage conditioning 1.1 also uses its own timer to ensure that the stabilization ZD is not overloaded by improperly pressing the on button S1 (continuous pressing); in such a case, 1.1 is forcibly switched off after a predetermined time which is longer than the normal operating time of the device.
  • the capacitors C1 and C2 are provided for adequate decoupling from the inherent resistances of the feeding source U B , whereby the low-inductance capacitor C1 feeds from VT2 at the moment of switch-on and takes over the alternating current component of the intermediate circuit capacitor C2 with the much higher capacitance and the higher internal resistance.
  • the choke L1 is intended to limit the inrush current and to discharge switch S1 in terms of current.
  • the circuit is equipped with a current control;
  • the main current in the power circuit is recorded via the shunt resistor R5 and fed to the measured value recording 1.2.
  • the measured value acquisition 1.2 provides the signals for the control and regulation circuit 1.3, which processes the pulse width pattern according to the specific characteristics of the electromagnetic drive system 2.
  • a number of specific feed characteristics can be stored in the control and regulating circuit 1.3, which can be selected in a corresponding manner and thus correspond to the respective purpose.
  • control and regulating circuit 1.3 will limit the output voltage.
  • the force-displacement characteristic is such that when the switching device 2 is transferred from one of the first switching position s 0 corresponding to the open position to a second switching position s End corresponding to the closed position via the travel s, a comparatively low initial force F Anf is initially required , which increases from a pressure point s 1 up to a maximum point of s 2 on a maximum force Fmax and after the maximum point of s 2 to the second switching position drops s end to end force F End.
  • the actuating force F is generated on the pull magnet ZM1, ZM2, so that the actuating force F is adapted to the force-displacement characteristic of the switching device 2.
  • actuating force F By adapting the actuating force F to the force-displacement characteristic of the switching device 2, mechanically gentle operation of the switching device 2 is ensured. In particular, an excessive actuating force F is avoided, which could lead to wear or even damage to the switching device 2 if mechanically operated components strike.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)
  • Relay Circuits (AREA)
  • Electronic Switches (AREA)
EP16805829.5A 2015-12-04 2016-12-05 Schaltungsanordnung zum betrieb elektromagnetischer triebsysteme Active EP3384514B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL16805829T PL3384514T3 (pl) 2015-12-04 2016-12-05 Układ obwodu do obsługi elektromagnetycznych układów napędowych

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102015015580.6A DE102015015580A1 (de) 2015-12-04 2015-12-04 Schaltungsanordnung zum Betrieb elektromagnetischer Triebsysteme
PCT/EP2016/079706 WO2017093552A1 (de) 2015-12-04 2016-12-05 Schaltungsanordnung zum betrieb elektromagnetischer triebsysteme

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3384514A1 EP3384514A1 (de) 2018-10-10
EP3384514B1 true EP3384514B1 (de) 2021-07-21

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EP16805829.5A Active EP3384514B1 (de) 2015-12-04 2016-12-05 Schaltungsanordnung zum betrieb elektromagnetischer triebsysteme

Country Status (13)

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US (1) US10755881B2 (ja)
EP (1) EP3384514B1 (ja)
JP (1) JP6900391B2 (ja)
KR (1) KR20180112767A (ja)
CN (1) CN108701567B (ja)
AU (1) AU2016362010B2 (ja)
BR (1) BR112018011283B1 (ja)
CA (1) CA3006630C (ja)
DE (1) DE102015015580A1 (ja)
ES (1) ES2893243T3 (ja)
PL (1) PL3384514T3 (ja)
PT (1) PT3384514T (ja)
WO (1) WO2017093552A1 (ja)

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DE102016125031A1 (de) * 2016-12-20 2018-06-21 Pilz Gmbh & Co. Kg Sicherheitsschaltanordnung zum fehlersicheren Abschalten einer elektrisch angetriebenen Anlage
DE102018109594A1 (de) 2018-04-20 2019-10-24 Ellenberger & Poensgen Gmbh Batteriemanagementsystem, insbesondere für ein Schienenfahrzeug
US10674585B1 (en) * 2019-04-30 2020-06-02 Ledvance Llc Reliability of hardware reset process for smart light emitting diode (LED) bulbs
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CN112366121B (zh) * 2020-10-15 2024-02-09 国网山东省电力公司枣庄供电公司 一种电力电源保护开关
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TWI834240B (zh) * 2022-08-09 2024-03-01 陳錫瑜 模殼式斷路器電動操作機構改良裝置

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
PT3384514T (pt) 2021-10-19
PL3384514T3 (pl) 2021-12-27
ES2893243T3 (es) 2022-02-08
EP3384514A1 (de) 2018-10-10
JP6900391B2 (ja) 2021-07-07
KR20180112767A (ko) 2018-10-12
BR112018011283B1 (pt) 2023-01-17
AU2016362010A1 (en) 2018-06-21
US20180366288A1 (en) 2018-12-20
DE102015015580A1 (de) 2017-06-08
CN108701567A (zh) 2018-10-23
BR112018011283A2 (pt) 2018-11-27
JP2019504461A (ja) 2019-02-14
CA3006630C (en) 2023-11-21
CA3006630A1 (en) 2017-06-08
CN108701567B (zh) 2020-10-09
US10755881B2 (en) 2020-08-25
WO2017093552A1 (de) 2017-06-08
AU2016362010B2 (en) 2021-08-05

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