EP3362569B1 - Cellules t transduites cxcr6 destinées à une thérapie ciblée contre les tumeurs - Google Patents

Cellules t transduites cxcr6 destinées à une thérapie ciblée contre les tumeurs Download PDF

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EP3362569B1
EP3362569B1 EP16793764.8A EP16793764A EP3362569B1 EP 3362569 B1 EP3362569 B1 EP 3362569B1 EP 16793764 A EP16793764 A EP 16793764A EP 3362569 B1 EP3362569 B1 EP 3362569B1
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cell
cells
transduced
cxcr6
nucleic acid
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EP3362569A1 (fr
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Sebastian KOBOLD
Stefan Endres
Moritz RAPP
Simon GRASSMANN
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Ludwig Maximilians Universitaet Muenchen LMU
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    • C12N2740/13041—Use of virus, viral particle or viral elements as a vector
    • C12N2740/13043—Use of virus, viral particle or viral elements as a vector viral genome or elements thereof as genetic vector

Definitions

  • T cell(s) such as (a) CD8+ T cell(s), (a) CD4+ T cell(s), (a) CD3+ T cell(s), (a) ⁇ T cell(s) or (a) natural killer (NK) T cell(s) for targeted tumor therapy, nucleic acid sequences, vectors capable of transducing such (a) T cell(s), (a) transduced T cell(s) carrying such nucleic acid sequences or vectors, and methods and kits comprising such nucleic acid sequences or vectors.
  • T cell(s) such as (a) CD8+ T cell(s), (a) CD4+ T cell(s), (a) CD3+ T cell(s), (a) ⁇ T cell(s) or (a) natural killer (NK) T cell(s) for targeted tumor therapy
  • nucleic acid sequences such as (a) CD8+ T cell(s), (a) CD4+ T cell(s), (a) CD3+ T cell(s), (a) ⁇ T cell(s
  • transduced T cell(s) in a method for the treatment of diseases characterized by CXCL16 overexpression as well as a pharmaceutical composition/medicament comprising (a) transduced T cell(s) expressing the CXCR6 for use in methods of treating diseases characterized by CXCL16 overexpression.
  • Adoptive T cell therapy is a powerful treatment approach using cancer-specific T cells ( Rosenberg and Restifo, Science 348(6230) (2015), 62-68 ). ACT may use naturally occurring tumor-specific cells or T cells rendered specific by genetic engineering using T cell or chimeric antigen receptors ( Rosenberg and Restifo, Science 348(6230) (2015), 62-68 ).
  • WO-A1 2015/028444 that is located in the field of adoptive T cell therapy (ACT) describes transduced T cells expressing an anti-CD30 chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) for use in treating CD30 positive cancer.
  • US-A1 2014/271635 discloses recombinant T cells expressing a chimeric antigen receptor specific for CD 19 for use in the treatment of diseases associated with the expression of CD19.
  • ACT can successfully treat and induce remission in patients suffering even from advanced and otherwise treatment refractory diseases such as acute lymphatic leukemia, non-hodgkins lymphoma or melanoma ( Dudley et al., J Clin Oncol 26(32) (2008), 5233-5239 ; Grupp et al., NEngl JMed 368 (16) (2013), 1509-1518 ; Kochenderfer et al., J Clin Oncol. (2015) 33(6):540-9. doi: 10.1200/JCO.2014.56.2025 . Epub 2014 Aug 25).
  • long term benefits are restricted to a small subset of patients while most will relapse and succumb to their refractory disease.
  • T cell entry need to be developed and implemented ( Gattinoni et al., Nat Rev Immunol 6(5) (2006), 383-393 ).
  • the currently most effective method to achieve enhanced T cell infiltration is total body irradiation, which permeabilizes tumor tissue, remodels the vasculature and depletes suppressive cells ( Dudley et al., J Clin Oncol 23(10) (2005), 2346-2357 ). While this strategy has shown efficacy in clinical trials, its unspecific nature induces severe side effects, limiting its applicability and calling for more specific strategies ( Dudley et al., J Clin Oncol 23(10) (2005), 2346-2357 ).
  • T cell entry and trafficking into tissues is a tightly regulated process where integrins and chemokines play a central role ( Franciszkiewicz et al., Cancer Res 72(24) (2012), 6325-6332 ; Kalos and June, Immunity 39(1) (2013), 49-60 ).
  • Chemokines are secreted by resident cells and form gradients, which attract cells bearing their corresponding receptor, regulating cellular entry ( Franciszkiewicz et al., Cancer Res 72(24) (2012), 6325-6332 ).
  • Tumors use this principle to attract immune suppressive cellular populations while excluding proinflammatory subsets ( Curiel et al., Nat Med 10(9) (2004), 942-949 ).
  • Wennerberg et al. Cancer Immunol Immunother 64 (2015), 225-235 , located in the field of adoptive T cell therapy (ACT), discloses that ex vivo expansion of natural killer (NK) cells results in an increased expression of the CXCR3 receptor. Further, it is described in Wennerberg et al. that these expanded NK cells displayed an improved migration capacity toward solid tumors secreting CXCL10. However, the NK cells as described in Wennerberg et al. were not genetically engineered to express the chemokine receptor CXCR3. Introducing chemokine receptors (that are targeted by chemokines expressed within the tumor tissue) into T cells has been used to redirect antigen-specific T cells and to enhance their migration into the tumor tissue.
  • chemokine receptors that are targeted by chemokines expressed within the tumor tissue
  • CCR2, CCR4 and CXCR2 have been tested in preclinical models. They lead to enhanced therapeutic efficacy of ACT but generally fail to reject tumors, indicating insufficient infiltration and functionality of T cells at the tumor site ( Di Stasi et al., Blood 113(25) (2009), 6392-6402 ; Peng et al., Clin Cancer Res 16(22) (2010), 5458-5468 ; Asai et al., PLoS One 8(2) (2013), e56820 ).
  • TIL tumor infiltrating lymphocyte
  • the transfection of the murine B cell line Baf-3 cells with a vector construct harbouring the mouse CXCR6 was made in order to generate a functional cell line for CXCL16 effects and not vice versa for CXCR6 impact.
  • the transfected cell line described in the Matsumura et al. publication is a murine B cell line, i.e. a lineage totally independent of T cells functionality and development.
  • the herein demonstrated therapeutic efficacy of CXCR6 transduced T cells cannot be extrapolated from the murine B cell line described in the Matsumura et al. publication.
  • Xiao et al., Oncotarget, 6(16) (2015), 14165-14178 discloses the construction of a vector expressing the full-length human CXCR6 for the transduction of human breast cells.
  • Deng et al., Nature 388 (1997), 296-300 discloses vectors harboring the human CXCR6 sequence as deposited under the accession number AF007545.
  • the vectors as described in Xiao et al. and Deng et al. have neither been completely structurally characterized nor have been deposited.
  • the targeted tumor therapy particularly the adoptive T cell therapy needs to be improved in order to suffice the needs of the cancer patients.
  • the invention relates to an expression vector for use in the treatment of a disease characterized by CXCL16 overexpression, wherein the vector is capable of transducing T cells and comprises a nucleic acid sequence selected from the group consisting of (a) a nucleic acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1; and (b) a nucleic acid sequence, which is at least 84% identical to the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1 and which is characterized by having a chemokine receptor 6 (CXCR6) activity.
  • a nucleic acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1 a nucleic acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1
  • CXCR6 chemokine receptor 6
  • the invention also relates to a T cell expressing a chemokine receptor 6 (CXCR6), which T cell is transduced with an expression vector encoding the CXCR6, wherein the vector comprises a nucleic acid sequence selected from the group consisting of (a) a nucleic acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1; and (b) a nucleic acid sequence, which is at least 84% identical to the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1 and which is characterized by having a chemokine receptor 6 (CXCR6) activity.
  • CXCR6 chemokine receptor 6
  • the invention further relates to an in vitro method for the production of a transduced T cell expressing a chemokine receptor 6 (CXCR6) comprising the following steps:
  • a vector capable of transducing (a) T cell(s), preferably (a) CD8+ T cell(s), (a) CD4+ T cell(s), (a) CD3+ T cell(s), (a) ⁇ T cell(s) or (a) natural killer (NK) T cell(s), most preferably (a) CD8+ T cell(s), comprising/which comprise a nucleic acid encoding a chemokine receptor 6 (CXCR6) or a fragment thereof, which is characterized by having chemokine receptor 6 (CXCR6) activity.
  • CXCR6 chemokine receptor 6
  • CXCR6 is the receptor for CXCL16, which is secreted by myeloid cells but also by malignant cells such as pancreatic cancer cells ( Gaida et al., Clin Exp Immunol 154(2) (2008), 216-223 ; van der Voort et al., J Leukoc Biol 87(6) (2010), 1029-1039 ).
  • the expression of CXCR6 is restricted to certain CD4+ T cell subsets, natural killer (NK) T cells and myeloid cells but is absent from cytotoxic CD8+ T cells ( Matloubian et al, Nat Immunol 1(4) (2000), 298-304 ; van der Voort et al, J Leukoc Biol 87(6) (2010), 1029-1039 ).
  • CXCR6 The ligand of CXCR6 exists in two forms: membrane bound CXL16 and a secreted soluble form of CXCL16. This explains the dual function of CXCR6. CXCR6 mediates migration towards soluble CXCL16 and mediates adhesion through the membrane bound form ( Matloubian et al., Nat Immunol 1(4) (2000), 298-304 ; Gough et al., J Immunol 172(6) (2004), 3678-3685 ). These properties render CXCR6 unique among chemokine receptors. In the context of the present invention, it has surprisingly and unexpectedly been found that CXCR6 can be transduced into CD8+ T cells and thereby mediates their migration towards tumor cells.
  • CXCR6-transduced T cells preferably CD8+ T cells, CD4+ T cells, CD3+ T cells, ⁇ T cells or natural killer (NK) T cells, most preferably CD8+ T cells, have the further advantage that they adhere to the target tumor cells in an antigen-independent manner, and thus support tumor cell recognition at the tumor site.
  • the present disclosure relates to the transduction of (a) T cell(s), preferably (a) CD8+ T cell(s), (a) CD4+ T cell(s), (a) CD3+ T cell(s), (a) ⁇ T cell(s) or (a) natural killer (NK) T cell(s), most preferably (a) CD8+ T cell(s), with CXCR6 thereby mediating their migration towards (a) tumor cell(s) secreting CXCL16.
  • the treatment of (a) tumor(s) with (a) transduced T cell(s) expressing a chemokine receptor 6 (CXCR6) significantly reduces the tumor size compared to control experiments (see Figure 17 ). Accordingly, it was surprisingly found that transduced T cell(s) expressing a chemokine receptor 6 (CXCR6) can be used for the treatment of diseases characterized by CXCL16 overexpression such as pancreatic cancer.
  • transduction of (a) T cell(s), preferably (a) CD8+ T cell(s), (a) CD4+ T cell(s), (a) CD3+ T cell(s), (a) ⁇ T cell(s) or (a) natural killer (NK) T cell(s), most preferably (a) CD8+ T cell(s), with CXCR6 will advantageously result in an improved adoptive T cell therapy.
  • a vector capable of transducing (a) T cell(s), preferably (a) CD8+ T cell(s), (a) CD4+ T cell(s), (a) CD3+ T cell(s), (a) ⁇ T cell(s) or (a) natural killer (NK) T cell(s), most preferably (a) CD8+ T cell(s), comprising/which comprise a nucleic acid sequence encoding CXCR6 or a fragment thereof, which is characterized by having CXCR6 activity.
  • the vector may comprise a nucleic acid sequence, which encodes a fragment/polypeptide part of the full length chemokine receptor 6 (CXCR6).
  • CXCR6 chemokine receptor 6
  • the nucleic acid sequence encoding the full length chemokine receptor 6 (CXCR6) is shown herein as SEQ ID NO: 1 (human) and 3 (murine/mouse).
  • the amino acid sequences of murine/mouse and human full length CXCR6 are shown herein as SEQ ID NOs: 4 (murine/mouse) and 2 (human), respectively (the Uni Prot Entry number of the human full length CXCR6 is 000574 (accession number with the entry version number 139 and version 1 of the sequence.
  • the Uni Prot Entry number of the mouse full length CXCR6 is Q9EQ16 (accession number with the entry version number 111 and version 1 of the sequence)).
  • chemokine receptor 6 CXCR6
  • CXCR6 chemokine receptor 6
  • the term "chemokine receptor 6 (CXCR6)” and its scientific meaning relating to structure and function are well known in the art and is used accordingly herein ( Shimaoka et al., J Leukoc Biol. 75(2) (2004), 267-274 ; Alkhatib G. et al., Nature 388(6639) (1997), 238 ; Paust et al., Nat Immunol. 11(12) (2010), 1127-1135 ).
  • the function of the chemokine receptor 6 (CXCR6) within the vector as disclosed herein is to act as an attractor and a connector between a cell, preferably a T cell such as a CD8+ T cell, a CD4+ T cell, a CD3+ T cell, a ⁇ T cell or a natural killer (NK) T cells, most preferably a CD8+ T cell, that is to be transduced by a nucleic acid sequence expressing said chemokine receptor 6 (CXCR6) and target cell that (over-) expresses the chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 16 (CXCL16).
  • a T cell such as a CD8+ T cell, a CD4+ T cell, a CD3+ T cell, a ⁇ T cell or a natural killer (NK) T cells, most preferably a CD8+ T cell, that is to be transduced by a nucleic acid sequence expressing said chemokine receptor 6 (CXCR6) and target cell that
  • the nucleic acid sequences of the full length CXCL16 is shown herein as SEQ ID NO: 5 (human) and 7 (murine/mouse).
  • the amino acid sequences of murine/mouse and human full length CXCL16 are shown herein as SEQ ID NOs: 8 (murine/mouse) and 6 (human), respectively (the Uni Prot Entry number of the human full length CXCL16 is Q9H2A7 (accession number with the entry version number 129 and version 4 of the sequence).
  • the Uni Prot Entry number of the mouse full length CXCL16 is Q8BSU2 (accession number with the entry version number 103 and version 2 of the sequence)).
  • the transduced T cell(s) expressing a chemokine receptor 6 (CXCR6) encoded by a nucleic acid sequence described herein is capable of migrating towards and binding to (a) target cell(s) that (over-) expresses CXCL16 such as, e.g., progenitor disease cells, primary cell lines, epithelial cells, neuronal cells, lymphoid lineage cells, stem cells or tumor cells.
  • CXCL16 chemokine receptor 6
  • the term "migrating” as used herein, refers to the capability of (transduced) T cells, which are characterized by (over-) expressing the CXCR6 towards (transduced) cells that (over-) express CXCL16 such as, e.g., progenitor disease cells, primary cell lines, epithelial cells, neuronal cells, lymphoid lineage cells, stems or tumor cells.
  • CXCL16 such as, e.g., progenitor disease cells, primary cell lines, epithelial cells, neuronal cells, lymphoid lineage cells, stems or tumor cells.
  • the migration capacity of the target cells can be measured by flow cytometry, ELISA, microscopy or any other suitable device or system ( Justus et al., J. Vis. Exp. (88) (2014), e51046, doi:10.3791/51046 ).
  • transduced T cells e.g. CD8+ T cells
  • a suitable fluorescent dye e.g. CD8+ T cells
  • CXCL16 e.g. CD8+ T cells
  • Migration of cells is allowed at 37°C. Thereafter, cells reaching the lower well are quantified.
  • Methods to measure migration are extensively known in the literature ( Valster A.
  • binding refers to the capability of the chemokine receptor 6 (CXCR6) to associate with the target cell, which is characterized by (over-) expressing CXCL16, for example via covalent or non-covalent interactions.
  • CXCR6 chemokine receptor 6
  • a "covalent” interaction is a form of chemical bonding that is characterized by the sharing of pairs of electrons between atoms, or between atoms and other covalent bonds. Covalent bonding includes many kinds of interaction well-known in the art such as, e.g., ⁇ -bonding, ⁇ -bonding, metal to non-metal bonding, agostic interactions and three-center two-electron bonds.
  • a "non-covalent” bond is a chemical bond that does not involve the sharing of pairs of electrons.
  • Non-covalent bonds are critical in maintaining the three-dimensional structure of large molecules, such as proteins and nucleic acids, and are involved in many biological processes in which molecules bind specifically but transiently to one another.
  • There are several types of non-covalent bonds such as hydrogen bonding, ionic interactions, Van-der-Waals interactions, charge-charge, charge-dipole, dipole-dipole bonds and hydrophobic bonds.
  • Non-covalent interactions often involve several different types of non-covalent bonds working in concert, e.g., to keep a ligand in position on a target binding site on the cell membrane.
  • An interaction may occur with a group such as a charge or a dipole, which may be present many times at the surface of the cell membrane.
  • the interaction i.e.
  • the binding occurs at a defined site (involves a specific cell membrane constituent/epitope) of the cell membrane, and goes along with the formation of at least one interaction, preferably the formation of a network of several specific interactions. Even more preferably, the binding is specific for the target cell, i.e. the binding occurs at the cell membrane of the target cell but not, or not significantly, at the cell membrane of a non-target cell.
  • the vector capable of transducing cells comprises a nucleic acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 1 (human) and 3 (murine/mouse) or a nucleic acid sequence, which is at least 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98% or 99% identical to the sequence of SEQ ID NOs: 1 (human) or 3 (murine/mouse) and which is characterized by having a chemokine receptor 6 (CXCR6) activity.
  • CXCR6 chemokine receptor 6
  • nucleic acid molecules nucleic acid sequences or sequence segments having at least 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98% or 99% identity with the nucleic acid molecule/nucleic acid sequence depicted in SEQ ID NOs: 1 (human) or 3 (murine/mouse).
  • Such variant molecules may be splice forms or homologous molecules from other specifies. It will be appreciated that these variant nucleic acid molecule/nucleic acid sequences nonetheless have to encode an amino acid sequence having the indicated function, i.e. the sequence encoded by a variant of SEQ ID NOs: 1 (human) or 3 (murine/mouse) has to be characterized by having a chemokine receptor 6 (CXCR6) activity as defined herein below.
  • CXCR6 chemokine receptor 6
  • the nucleic acid sequence may be SEQ ID NOs: 1 (human) and 3 (murine/mouse) or a nucleic acid sequence, which is at least 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98% or 99% identical to the sequence of SEQ ID NOs: 1 (human) or 3 (murine/mouse).
  • the herein provided vector capable of transducing comprises a nucleic acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 1 (human) and 3 (murine/mouse) or a nucleic acid sequence, which is at least 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98% or 99% identical to the sequence of SEQ ID NOs: 1 (human) or 3 (murine/mouse), then said nucleic acid sequence is characterized by having a chemokine 6 receptor (CXCR6) activity.
  • CXCR6 chemokine 6 receptor
  • the chemokine 6 receptor (CXCR6) activity is defined by the ability to migrate towards a CXCL16 gradient orchestered by CXCL16-producing cells in vitro and in vivo and allowing the accumulation of CXCR6-positive T cells at the target site, i.e. tumor site and/or by the ability to mediate adhesion directly by CXCL16-binding or indirectly through integrine activation to CXCL16-producing tumor cells, thereby increasing tumor cell recognition.
  • Methods to measure migration are extensively known in the literature ( Valster A.
  • the term "at least % identical to" in connection with nucleic acid sequences/nucleic acid molecules describes the number of matches ("hits") of identical nucleic acids of two or more aligned nucleic acid sequences as compared to the number of nucleic acid residues making up the overall length of the amino acid sequences (or the overall compared part thereof).
  • hits the number of matches of identical nucleic acids of two or more aligned nucleic acid sequences as compared to the number of nucleic acid residues making up the overall length of the amino acid sequences (or the overall compared part thereof).
  • the percentage of nucleic acid residues that are the same e.g.
  • nucleic acids are those where the described identity exists over a region that is at least 100 to 150 nucleotides in length, more preferably, over a region that is at least 200 to 400 nucleotides in length. More preferred nucleic acids are those having the described sequence identity over the entire length of the nucleic acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 1 (human) or 3 (murine/mouse).
  • the BLASTP program uses as default a word length (W) of 3, and an expectation (E) of 10.
  • Nucleic acid sequences which are also referred to herein as polynucleotides or nucleic acid molecules, include DNA, such as cDNA or genomic DNA, and RNA. It is understood that the term "RNA” as used herein comprises all forms of RNA including mRNA, tRNA and rRNA but also genomic RNA, such as in case of RNA of RNA viruses. Preferably, embodiments reciting "RNA" are directed to mRNA. Further included are nucleic acid mimicking molecules known in the art such as synthetic or semi-synthetic derivatives of DNA or RNA and mixed polymers, both sense and antisense strands. They may contain additional non-natural or derivatized nucleotide bases, as will be readily appreciated by those skilled in the art.
  • nucleic acid mimicking molecules or nucleic acid derivatives include peptide nucleic acid (PNA), phosphorothioate nucleic acid, phosphoramidate nucleic acid, 2'-O-methoxyethyl ribonucleic acid, morpholino nucleic acid, hexitol nucleic acid (HNA) and locked nucleic acid (LNA), an RNA derivative in which the ribose ring is constrained by a methylene linkage between the 2'-oxygen and the 4'-carbon (see, for example, Braasch and Corey, Chemistry & Biology 8 (2001), 1-7 ).
  • PNA peptide nucleic acid
  • HNA hexitol nucleic acid
  • LNA locked nucleic acid
  • PNA is a synthetic DNA-mimic with an amide backbone in place of the sugar-phosphate backbone of DNA or RNA, as described by Nielsen et al., Science 254 (1991):1497 ; and Egholm et al., Nature 365(1993), 666 .
  • nucleic acid molecules/nucleic acid sequences may be of natural as well as of synthetic or semi-synthetic origin.
  • the nucleic acid molecules may, for example, be nucleic acid molecules that have been synthesized according to conventional protocols of organic chemistry.
  • the person skilled in the art is familiar with the preparation and the use of such nucleic acid molecules (see, e.g., Sambrook and Russel "Molecular Cloning, A Laboratory Manual", Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, N.Y. (2001 )).
  • nucleic acid molecule comprises (rather than consists of) the recited sequence
  • additional nucleotides extend over the specific sequence either on the 5' end or the 3' end, or both.
  • Those additional nucleotides may be of heterologous or homologous nature.
  • these sequences may comprise up to 1500 nucleotides at the 5' and/or the 3' end, such as e.g. up to 1000 nucleotides, such as up to 900 nucleotides, more preferably up to 800 nucleotides, such as up to 700 nucleotides, such as e.g.
  • up to 600 nucleotides such as up to 500 nucleotides, even more preferably up to 400 nucleotides, such as up to 300 nucleotides, such as e.g. up to 200 nucleotides, such as up to 100 nucleotides, more preferably up to 50 nucleotides, such as up to 40 nucleotides such as e.g. up to 30 nucleotides, such as up to 20 nucleotides, more preferably up to 10 nucleotides and most preferably up to 5 nucleotides at the 5' and/or the 3' end.
  • nucleotides such as up to 300 nucleotides, such as e.g. up to 200 nucleotides, such as up to 100 nucleotides, more preferably up to 50 nucleotides, such as up to 40 nucleotides such as e.g. up to 30 nucleotides, such as up to 20 nucleotides, more preferably up to 10
  • up to telomes refers to a number of nucleotides that includes any integer below and including the specifically recited number.
  • up to 5 nucleotides refers to any of 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 nucleotides.
  • homologous sequences those embodiments do not include complete genomes or complete chromosomes.
  • Additional heterologous sequences may, for example, include heterologous promoters, which are operatively linked to the coding sequences as disclosed herein, as well as further regulatory nucleic acid sequences well known in the art and described in more detail herein below.
  • the nucleic acid sequences may be under the control of regulatory sequences.
  • the vector as disclosed herein further comprises a regulatory sequence, which is operably linked to the nucleic acid sequences described herein.
  • promoters, transcriptional enhancers and/or sequences which allow for induced expression of the CXCR6 described herein may be employed.
  • the nucleic acid molecules are expressed under the control of a constitutive or an inducible promoter. Suitable promoters are e.g.
  • the CMV promoter Qin et al., PLoS One 5(5) (2010), e1061 1
  • the UBC promoter Qin et al., PLoS One 5(5) (2010), e1061 1
  • PGK Qin et al., PLoS One 5(5) (2010), e10611
  • the EF1A promoter Qin et al., PLoS One 5(5) (2010), e10611
  • the CAGG promoter Qin et al., PLoS One 5(5) (2010), e10611
  • the SV40 promoter Qin et al., PLoS One 5(5) (2010), e1061 1
  • the COPIA promoter Qin et al., PLoS One 5(5) (2010), e1061 1
  • the ACT5C promoter Qin et al., PLoS One 5(5) (2010), e1061 1
  • the TRE promoter Qin et al.,
  • control sequence refers to DNA sequences, which are necessary to effect the expression of coding sequences to which they are ligated. The nature of such control sequences differs depending upon the host organism.
  • control sequences generally include (a) promoter(s), (a) ribosomal binding site(s), and (a) terminator(s).
  • control sequences include (a) promoter(s), (a) terminator(s) and, in some instances, (an) enhancer(s), (a) transactivator(s) or (a) transcription factor(s).
  • control sequence is intended to include, at a minimum, all components the presence of which are necessary for expression, and may also include additional advantageous components.
  • nucleic acid molecules may contain, for example, thioester bonds and/or nucleotide analogues. Said modifications may be useful for the stabilization of the nucleic acid molecule against endo- and/or exonucleases in the transduced T cell. Said nucleic acid molecules may be transcribed by an appropriate vector containing a chimeric gene, which allows for the transcription of said nucleic acid molecule in the transduced T cell. In this respect, it is also to be understood that such polynucleotide can be used for "gene targeting" or "gene therapeutic” approaches. In another embodiment said nucleic acid sequences are labeled.
  • nucleic acid sequence(s) may be a recombinantly produced chimeric nucleic acid sequence comprising any of the aforementioned nucleic acid sequences either alone or in combination.
  • the nucleic acid molecule is part of a vector of the present disclosure.
  • the present disclosure therefore also relates to (a) vector(s) comprising the nucleic acid molecule described herein.
  • the term "vector” relates to a circular or linear nucleic acid molecule, which can autonomously replicate in a host cell (i.e. in a transduced T cell) into which it has been introduced.
  • the "vector” as used herein particularly refers to a plasmid, a cosmid, a virus, a bacteriophage and other vectors commonly used in genetic engineering.
  • the vector disclosed herein is suitable for the transformation of (a) T cell(s), preferably of (a) CD8+ T cell(s), (a) CD4+ T cell(s), (a) CD3+ T cell(s), (a) ⁇ T cell(s) or (a) natural killer (NK) T cell(s), most preferably (a) CD8+ T cell(s).
  • the vector of the invention is an expression vector. Expression vectors have been widely described in the literature.
  • the herein provided vector preferably comprises a recombinant polynucleotide (i.e.
  • the vector as provided herein preferably further comprises (a) promoter(s).
  • the herein described vector may also comprise a selection marker gene and a replication-origin ensuring replication in the host (i.e. the transduced T cell).
  • the herein provided vector may also comprise a termination signal for transcription. Between the promoter and the termination signal there is preferably at least one restriction site or a polylinker, which enables the insertion of a nucleic acid molecule (e.g.
  • nucleic acid sequence encoding the CXCR6 described herein
  • suitable vectors include cosmids, plasmids (e.g., naked or contained in liposomes) and viruses (e.g., lentiviruses, retroviruses, adenoviruses, and adeno-associated viruses) that incorporate the nucleic acid molecule of the disclosure (i.e.
  • the vector of the present disclosure is a viral vector. More preferably, the vector is a lentiviral vector, and even more preferably, the vector is a retroviral vector (e.g. the pMP71 vector). Accordingly, the vector is a lentiviral vector or a retroviral vector.
  • the vector allows for constitutive or conditional expression of the nucleic acid sequence of the present disclosure encoding the chemokine receptor 6 (CXCR6).
  • suitable retoviral vectors for the expression of the CXCR6 are known in the art such as SAMEN CMV/SRa ( Clay et al., J. Immunol. 163 (1999), 507-513 ), LZRS-id3-IHRES ( Heemskerk et al., J. Exp. Med. 186 (1997), 1597-1602 ), FeLV ( Neil et al., Nature 308 (1984), 814-820 ), SAX ( Kantoff et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 83 (1986), 6563-6567 ), pDOL ( Desiderio, J. Exp. Med.
  • lentiviral vectors for the expression of the chemokine receptor 6 (CXCR6) as encoded by the nucleic acid sequence as disclosed herein are, e.g. PL-SIN lentiviral vector ( Hotta et al., Nat Methods.
  • the disclosure also relates to (a) transduced T cell(s), preferably (a) CD8+ T cell(s), (a) CD4+ T cell(s), (a) CD3+ T cell(s), (a) ⁇ T cell(s) or (a) natural killer (NK) T cell(s), most preferably (a) CD8+ T cell(s), expressing a chemokine receptor 6 (CXCR6) encoded by a nucleic acid sequence as disclosed herein.
  • a transduced T cell(s) preferably (a) CD8+ T cell(s), (a) CD4+ T cell(s), (a) CD3+ T cell(s), (a) ⁇ T cell(s) or (a) natural killer (NK) T cell(s), most preferably (a) CD8+ T cell(s), expressing a chemokine receptor 6 (CXCR6) encoded by a nucleic acid sequence as disclosed herein.
  • CXCR6 chemokine receptor 6
  • the disclosure refers to (a) T cell(s), preferably (a) CD8+ T cell(s), (a) CD4+ T cell(s), (a) CD3+ T cell(s), (a) ⁇ T cell(s) or (a) natural killer (NK) T cell(s), most preferably (a) CD8+ T cell(s), transduced with a vector expressing a chemokine receptor (CXCR6) encoded by a nucleic acid sequence selected from the group consisting of (a) a nucleic acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1 (human) or 3 (murine/mouse); and (b) a nucleic acid sequence, which is at least 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98% or 99% identical to the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1 (human) or 3 (murine/mouse) and which is characterized by having a chemok
  • the transduced T cell(s) may comprise a nucleic acid sequence encoding the chemokine receptor 6 (CXCR6) or a vector of the present invention.
  • the transduced T cell relates to a transduced T cell, preferably a CD8+ T cell, CD4+ T cell, a CD3+ T cell, a ⁇ T cell or a natural killer (NK) T cell, most preferably a CD8+ T cell, expressing a chemokine receptor 6 (CXCR6) encoded by a nucleic acid sequence selected from the group consisting of: (a) a nucleic acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1 (human) or 3 (murine/mouse); and (b) a nucleic acid sequence, which is at least 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98% or 99% identical to the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1 (human)
  • transduced T cell relates to a genetically modified T cell (i.e. a T cell wherein a nucleic acid molecule has been introduced deliberately).
  • the herein provided transduced T cell may comprise the vector of the present disclosure.
  • the term "transduced T cell” refers to (a) T cell(s), preferably (a) CD8+ T cell(s), (a) CD4+ T cell(s), (a) CD3+ T cell(s), (a) ⁇ T cell(s) or (a) natural killer (NK) T cell(s), most preferably (a) CD8+ T cell(s), which is (are) characterized by not expressing a chemokine receptor 6 (CXCR6) encoded by a nucleic acid sequence selected from the group consisting of (a) a nucleic acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1 (human) or 3 (murine/mouse); and (b) a nucleic acid sequence, which is at least 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98% or 99% identical to the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1 (human) or 3 (murine/mouse)
  • the herein provided transduced T cell comprises the nucleic acid sequence of the present disclosure encoding the chemokine receptor 6 (CXCR6) and/or the vector of the present disclosure.
  • the transduced T cell may be a T cell, which transiently or stably expresses the foreign DNA (i.e. the nucleic acid molecule, which has been introduced into the T cell).
  • the nucleic acid sequence encoding the chemokine receptor 6 (CXCR6) can be stably integrated into the genome of the T cell by using a retroviral or lentiviral transduction.
  • the nucleic acid molecule encoding the CXCR6 described herein may be expressed transiently.
  • the herein provided transduced T cell has been genetically modified by introducing a nucleic acid molecule in the T cell via a viral vector (e.g. a retroviral vector or a lentiviral vector).
  • a viral vector e.g. a retroviral vector or a lentiviral vector.
  • the expression can be constitutive or constitutional, depending on the system used.
  • the chemokine receptor 6 (CXCR6) is a seven transmembrane receptor thereby only a part of the receptor is accessible from the intracellular spaced.
  • CXCR6 expression on the surface of the transduced T cell can be detected by flow cytometry or microscopy, using anti-CXCR6 antibodies. Antibodies for the detection of CXCR6 are extensively described in the literature and are commercially available.
  • anti-CXCR6 antibodies are available from R&D Systems, Inc., MN, USA under the catalogue number "MAB699". A full list of all commercially available anti-CXCR6 antibodies can be found at the Biocompare homepage (see http://www.biocompare.com/pfu/110447/soids/321781/Antibodies/CXCR6).
  • T cells are cells of the adaptive immune system recognizing their target in an antigen specific manner. These cells are characterized by surface expression of CD3 and a T cell receptor (TCR), recognizing a cognate antigen in the context of major histocompatibility complexes (MHC). T cells may be further subdivided in CD4+ or CD8+ T cells.
  • CD4+ T cells recognize an antigen through their TCR in the context of MHC class II molecules which are predominantly expressed by antigen-presenting cells.
  • CD8+ T cells recognize their antigen in the context of MHC class I molecules which are present on most cells of the human body. While the main function of CD4+ T cells is to provide "help", i.e. costimulatory factors to other antigen-specific cells such CD8+ T cells, CD8+ are directly cytotoxic to the target cell after TCR engagement.
  • Methods for detecting CD4+ and CD8+ T cells are well known to those skilled in the art and include flow cytometry, microscopy, immunohistochemistry, RT-PCR or western blot ( Kobold, J Natl Cancer Inst (2015), 107 ; Kobold, J Natl Cancer Inst 107 (2015), 364 ).
  • the transduced T cell(s) of the present invention may be, e.g., (a) CD8+ T cell, (a) CD4+ T cell(s), (a) ⁇ T cell(s) or (a) natural killer (NK) T cell(s).
  • the transduced T cell is (are) (a) transduced CD8+ T cell(s), (a) transduced CD4+ T cell(s), (a) ⁇ T cell(s) or (a) natural killer (NK) T cell(s), more preferably the transduced T cell(s) is (are) (a) transduced CD8+ T cell(s) or (a) transduced CD4+ T cell(s), most preferably the transduced T cell is (are) (a) CD8+ T cell(s). Accordingly, the transduced T cell is (are) most preferably (a) CD8+ T cell(s). Further, it is also preferred that the transduced T cell(s) is (are) (an) autologous T cell(s).
  • the transduced T cell is (are) preferably (a) transduced autologous CD8+ T cell(s), (a) transduced autologous CD4+ T cell(s), (a) transduced autologous ⁇ T cell or (a) transduced autologous natural killer (NK) T cell(s).
  • the transduced T cell may also be an allogeneic T cell, such as a transduced allogeneic CD8+ T cell.
  • allogeneic T cells are based on the fact that these cells can recognize a specific antigen epitope presented by foreign antigen-presenting cells (APC), provided that the APC express the MHC molecule, class I or class II, to which the specific responding cell population, i.e. T cell population is restricted, along with the antigen epitope recognized by the T cells.
  • APC foreign antigen-presenting cells
  • An "allogeneic T cell” is a T cell, of which the donor is of the same species as the recipient but genetically not identical with the recipient.
  • the term allogeneic refers to cells coming from an unrelated donor individual/subject, which has human leukocyte antigen (HLA) compatible to the individual/subject, which will be treated by e.g.
  • HLA human leukocyte antigen
  • An “Autologous T cell” refers to (a) T cell(s), which is (are) isolated/obtained as described herein above from the subject to be treated with the transduced T cell described herein. Accordingly, (an) "autologous T cell(s)” is (are) (a) T cell(s), wherein donor and recipient is the same individual.
  • the transduced T cell(s) of the present disclosure is (are) transduced with a nucleic acid sequence expressing the herein provided chemokine receptor 6 (CXCR6).
  • CXCR6 chemokine receptor 6
  • cell(s) bearing natural anti-tumoral specificity such as tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte cells ( TIL, Dudley et al., J Clin Oncol. 31(17) (2013), 2152-2159 (doi: 10.1200/JCO.2012.46.6441 )
  • an antigen-specific cell(s) sorted from the peripheral blood of patients for their tumor-specificity by flow cytometry Hunsucker et al., Cancer Immunol Res.
  • the cell(s) described herein would only be transduced with the chimeric receptor 6 (CXCR6) of the present disclosure.
  • the transduced T cell(s) as disclosed herein may be co-transduced with further nucleic acid molecules, e.g. with a nucleic acid sequence encoding a T cell receptor or a chimeric antigen receptor.
  • T cell receptor is commonly known in the art.
  • T cell receptor refers to any T cell receptor, provided that the following three criteria are fulfilled: (i) tumor specificity, (ii) recognition of (most) tumor cells, which means that an antigen or target should be expressed in (most) tumor cells and (iii) that the TCR matches to the HLA-type of the subject to be treated.
  • T cell receptors which fulfill the above mentioned three criteria are known in the art such as receptors recognizing WT1 (Wilms tumor specific antigen 1; for sequence information(s) see, e.g., Sugiyama, Japanese Journal of Clinical Oncology 40 (2010), 377-87 ), MAGE (for sequence see, e.g., WO-A1 2007/032255 and PCT/US2011/57272 ), SSX ( U.S. Provisional Application No. 61/388,983 ), NY-ESO-1 (for sequence information(s) see, e.g., PCT/GB2005/001924 ) and/or HER2neu (for sequence information(s) see WO-A1 2011/0280894 ).
  • chimeric antigen receptor or "chimeric receptor” is known in the art and refers to a receptor constituted of an extracellular portion of a single chain antibody domain fused by a spacer sequence to the signal domains of CD3z and CD28. Again, this chimeric antigen receptor should provide tumor specify and allow for the recognition of most tumor cells.
  • Suitable chimeric receptors include: anti-EGFRv3-CAR (for sequence see WO-A1 2012/138475 ), anti-CD22-CAR (see WO-A1 2013/059593 ), anti-BCMA-CAR (see WO-A1 2013/154760 ), anti-CD19-CAR (see WO-A1 2012/079000 or US-A1 2014/0271635 ), anti-CD123-CAR (see US-A1 2014/0271582 ), anti-CD30-CAR (see WO-A1 2015/028444 ) or anti-Mesothelin-CAR (see WO-A1 2013/142034 ).
  • the present invention also relates to a method for the production of (a) transduced T cell(s) expressing a chemokine receptor 6 (CXCR6), comprising the steps of transducing (a) T cell(s), preferably (a) CD8+ T cell(s), (a) CD4+ T cell(s), (a) ⁇ T cell(s) or (a) natural killer (NK) T cell(s), most preferably (a) CD8+ T cell(s), with an expression vector of the present invention, culturing the transduced T cell(s) under conditions allowing the expressing of the CXCR6 in or on said transduced T cell(s) and recovering said transduced T cell(s).
  • CXCR6 chemokine receptor 6
  • the transduced T cell(s) of the present disclosure is (are) preferably produced by/obtainable by the following process: (a) T cell(s), preferably (a) CD8+ T cell(s), (a) CD4+ T cell(s), (a) ⁇ T cell(s) or (a) natural killer (NK) T cell(s), most preferably (a) CD8+ T cell(s) is (are) isolated/obtained from a subject, preferably a human patient.
  • T cell(s) preferably (a) CD8+ T cell(s), (a) CD4+ T cell(s), (a) ⁇ T cell(s) or (a) natural killer (NK) T cell(s), most preferably (a) CD8+ T cell(s) from (a) patient(s) or from (a) donor(s) is (are) well known in the art and in the context of the present disclosure the T cell(s), preferably CD8+ T cell(s), CD4+ T cell(s), ⁇ T cell(s) or natural killer (NK) T cell(s), most preferably CD8+ T cell(s) from (a) subject(s)/patient(s) or from (a) donor(s) may be isolated by blood draw or removal of bone marrow.
  • T cell(s) After isolating/obtaining (a) T cell(s) as a sample of the subject(s)/patient(s) or donor(s), the T cell(s) is (are) separated from the other ingredients of the sample.
  • Several methods for separating T cell(s) from the sample is (are) known and include, without being limiting, e.g. leukapheresis for obtaining (a) T cell(s) from the peripheral blood sample from a patient or from a donor, isolating/obtaining T cells by using a FACSort apparatus, picking living of dead T cell(s) from fresh biopsy specimens harboring (a) living T cell(s) by hand or by using a micromanipulator (see, e.g., Dudley, Immunother.
  • fresh patient biopsy refers to tissue, preferably tumor tissue, removed from a subject by surgical or any other known means as well as (a) tumor cell line(s) or (an) (isolated) cell(s) from a tumor tissue/tumor cell.
  • the isolated/obtained T cell(s), preferably CD8+ T cell(s), CD4+ T cell(s), ⁇ T cell(s) or natural killer (NK) T cell(s), most preferably CD8+ T cell(s), is (are) subsequently cultivated and expanded, e.g., by using an anti-CD3 antibody, by using anti-CD3 and anti-CD28 monoclonal antibodies and/or by using an anti-CD3 antibody, an anti-CD28 antibody and in the presence of cytokines, e.g. interleukin-2 (IL-2) and/or interleukin-15 (IL-15) (see, e.g., Dudley, Immunother. 26 (2003), 332-342 or Dudley, Clin. Oncol. 26 (2008), 5233-5239 ).
  • IL-2 interleukin-2
  • IL-15 interleukin-15
  • the T cell(s) is (are) artificially/genetically modified/transduced by methods known in the art (see, e.g., Lemoine, J Gene Med 6 (2004), 374-386 ).
  • Methods for transducing (a) cell(s), particularly (a) T cell(s), is (are) known in the art and include, without being limited, in a case where nucleic acid or a recombinant nucleic acid is transduced, for example, an electroporation method, calcium phosphate method, cationic lipid method or liposome method.
  • the nucleic acid to be transduced can be conventionally and highly efficiently transduced by using a commercially available transfection reagent, for example, Lipofectamine (manufactured by Invitrogen, catalogue no.: 11668027).
  • the vector can be transduced in the same manner as the above-mentioned nucleic acid as long as the vector is a plasmid vector (i.e. a vector that is not a viral vector).
  • Methods for transducing (a) T cell(s) include(s) retroviral or lentiviral T cell transduction as well as mRNA transfection.
  • mRNA transfection refers to a method well known to those skilled in the art to transiently express a protein of interest, like in the present case the CXCR6, in (a) T cell(s) to be transduced.
  • T cell(s) may be electroporated with the mRNA coding for the CXCR6 described herein by using an electroporation system (such as e.g. Gene Pulser, Bio-Rad) and thereafter cultured by standard cell (e.g. T cell) culture protocol as described above (see Zhao et al., Mol Ther.
  • an electroporation system such as e.g. Gene Pulser, Bio-Rad
  • standard cell e.g. T cell
  • the transduced T cell(s) is (are) (a) CD8+ T cell(s), (a) CD4+ T cell(s), (a) ⁇ T cell(s) or (a) natural killer (NK) T cell(s), or most preferably (a) CD8+ T cell(s), and is (are) generated by lentiviral, or most preferably retroviral T cell transduction.
  • suitable retroviral vectors for transducing (a) T cell(s) is (are) known in the art such as SAMEN CMV/SRa ( Clay et al., J. Immunol. 163 (1999), 507-513 ), LZRS-id3-IHRES ( Heemskerk et al., J. Exp. Med. 186 (1997), 1597-1602 ), FeLV ( Neil et al., Nature 308 (1984), 814-820 ), SAX ( Kantoff et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 83 (1986), 6563-6567 ), pDOL ( Desiderio, J. Exp. Med.
  • SAMEN CMV/SRa Clay et al., J. Immunol. 163 (1999), 507-513
  • LZRS-id3-IHRES Heemskerk et al., J. Exp. Med. 186 (1997), 1597-1602
  • FeLV
  • Suitable lentiviral vector for transducing T cells are, e.g. PL-SIN lentiviral vector ( Hotta et al., Nat Methods.
  • the transduced T cell/T cells of the present disclosure is/are preferably grown under controlled conditions, outside of their natural environment.
  • the term "culturing” means that cells (e.g. the transduced T cell(s) as disclosed herein), which are derived from multi-cellular eukaryotes, preferably from a human patient, are grown in vitro. Culturing cells is a laboratory technique of keeping cells alive, which are separated from their original tissue source.
  • the transduced T cell(s) is (are) cultured under conditions allowing the expression of the CXCR6 described herein in or on said transduced T cell(s). Conditions that allow the expression or a transgene (i.e.
  • the transduced T cell(s) is (are) recovered (i.e. re-extracted) from the culture (i.e. from the culture medium).
  • Also encompassed by the invention is (are) (a) transduced T cell(s) expressing a chemokine receptor 6 (CXCR6) as encoded by an expression vector of the invention produced by/obtainable by the method of the present invention.
  • CXCR6 chemokine receptor 6
  • composition/medicament comprising (a) transduced T cell(s) expressing a chemokine receptor 6 (CXCR6) encoded by a nucleic acid sequence of the present disclosure or a transduced T cell as obtained by/produced by the method disclosed above.
  • Said composition is a pharmaceutical composition further comprising, optionally, suitable formulations of carrier, stabilizers and/or excipients.
  • the term “medicament” is used interchangeably with the term "pharmaceutical composition” and relates to a composition for administration to a patient, preferably a human patient.
  • a transduced T cell(s) preferably (a) CD8+ T cell(s), (a) CD4+ T cell(s), (a) ⁇ T cell(s) or (a) natural killer (NK) T cell(s), most preferably (a) CD8+ T cell(s), expressing a chemokine receptor 6 (CXCR6) as encoded by a nucleic acid molecule of the disclosure, or produced/obtainable by the method of the present disclosure for use as a medicament.
  • CXCR6 chemokine receptor 6
  • the medicament/pharmaceutical composition is to be administered to a patient from which the transduced T cell(s) was (were) isolated/obtained.
  • the patient refers to a human patient.
  • CXCL16 overexpression Diseases that are characterized by CXCL16 overexpression are known in the art and include e.g. colorectal cancer ( Wagsater et al., Int J Mol Med. 14(1) (2004), 65-69 ), brain cancer ( Ludwig et al., J Neurochem. 93(5) (2005), 1293-1303 ), ovarian cancer ( Son et al., Cancer Biol Ther.
  • the disease characterized by CXCL16 overexpression refers to a disease selected from the group consisting of colorectal cancer, brain cancer, ovarian cancer, prostate cancer, pancreatic cancer, breast cancer, renal cancer, nasopharyngeal carcinoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, gastric cancer, cervical cancer, bladder cancer, lymphoma, sarcoma, and lung cancer.
  • the pharmaceutical composition that comprises (a) transduced T cell(s) of the present disclosure or (a) transduced T cell(s) produced by/obtainable by the method of the present disclosure is (are) to be administered in combination intervening treatment protocols.
  • intervening treatment protocols include but are not limited to, administration of pain medications, administration of chemotherapeutics, surgical handling of the disease or a symptom thereof.
  • the treatment regimens as disclosed herein encompass the administration of the transduced T cell(s) expressing a CXCR6 as described herein together with none, one, or more than one treatment protocol suitable for the treatment or prevention of a disease, or a symptom thereof, as described herein or as known in the art.
  • transduced T cell(s) expressing the chemokine receptor 6 (CXCR6) as encoded by a nucleic acid sequence of the present disclosure can be used for the treatment of a proliferative disease, preferably cancer. More preferably, the herein provided transduced T cell(s) expressing the chemokine receptor 6 (CXCR6) as described herein is (are) used for the treatment of a disease (preferably a cancer), which is characterized by CXCL16 overexpression. Cancer types that are preferably treated with the herein provided transduced T cell expressing the chemokine receptor 6 (CXCR6) are described herein above.
  • the transduced T cell(s) expressing a chemokine receptor 6 (CXCR6) encoded by a nucleic acid sequence described herein can be used in a method of treating any disease where tumor cells over-express CXCL16.
  • the treatment method preferably involves cell collection by a method described above like isolating/collection of the cells by blood draw or removal of bone marrow.
  • the isolated cell(s) is (are) modified virally or by mRNA electroporation with the fusion receptor (and optionally co-transduced with further nucleic acid molecules, e.g. with a nucleic acid sequence encoding (a) T cell receptor(s) or (a) chimeric receptor(s)).
  • the transduced T cell(s), preferably CD8+ T cell(s), CD4+ T cell(s), ⁇ T cell(s) or natural killer (NK) T cell(s), most preferably CD8+ T cell(s), is (are) transferred intravenously back to the patient.
  • a method for the treatment of diseases comprising the steps of isolating (a) T cell(s), preferably (a) CD8+ T cell(s), (a) CD4+ T cell(s), (a) ⁇ T cells or (a) natural killer (NK) T cell(s), most preferably (a) CD8+ T cell(s), from a subject, transducing said isolated T cell(s) with a nucleic acid encoding the chemokine receptor 6 (CXCR6) as described herein above, co-transducing said isolated T cell(s) with further nucleic acid molecules, e.g.
  • CXCR6 chemokine receptor 6
  • This treatment method described herein may be repeated e.g. one or two times per week
  • Also provided is a method for treatment of a disease characterized by CXCL16 overexpression in a subject comprising the steps of
  • Said transduced T cell(s), e.g., CD8+ T cell(s), is (are) administered to said subject by intravenous infusion.
  • a method for the treatment of a disease characterized by CXCL16 overexpression comprising the steps of
  • treatment covers any treatment of a disease in a subject and includes: (a) preventing and/or ameliorating a proliferative disease (preferably cancer) from occurring in a subject that may be predisposed to the disease; (b) inhibiting the disease, i.e. arresting its development, like the inhibition cancer progression; or (c) relieving the disease, i.e. causing regression of the disease, like the repression of cancer.
  • a proliferative disease preferably cancer
  • the term "treatment” as used herein relates to medical intervention of an already manifested disorder, like the treatment of a diagnosed cancer.
  • the "subject” may be a vertebrate. and includes both humans and other animals, particularly mammals, and other organisms.
  • said herein provided methods are applicable to both human therapy and veterinary applications.
  • said subject may be an animal such as a mouse, rat, hamster, rabbit, guinea pig, ferret, cat, dog, chicken, sheep, bovine species, horse, camel, or primate.
  • the subject is a mammal. Most preferably the subject is a human being.
  • the present disclosure relates to a "pharmaceutical composition” comprising the herein provided transduced T cell expressing the chemokine receptor 6 (CXCR6) described herein (encoded by the nucleic acid molecule of the present disclosure).
  • Said pharmaceutical composition may further comprise a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, excipient and/or diluent.
  • suitable pharmaceutical carriers include phosphate buffered saline solutions, water, emulsions, such as oil/water emulsions, various types of wetting agents, sterile solutions etc.
  • the carrier may be a solution that isotonic with the blood of the recipient. Compositions comprising such carriers can be formulated by well known conventional methods.
  • the dosage regimen will be determined by the attending physician and clinical factors. As is well known in the medical arts, dosages for any one patient depends upon many factors, including the patient's size, body surface area, age, the particular compound to be administered, sex, time and route of administration, general health, and other drugs being administered concurrently.
  • the pharmaceutical composition may be administered to the subject at a dose of 10 4 to 10 10 T cells/kg body weight, preferably 10 5 to 10 6 T cells/kg body weight.
  • the pharmaceutical composition may be administered in such a way that an upscaling of the T cells to be administered is performed by starting with a subject dose of about 10 5 to 10 6 T cells/kg body weight and then going up to dose of 10 10 T cells/kg body weight.
  • the pharmaceutical composition may be administered intravenously (i.e. by intravenous infusion) but also intraperitoneally, intrapleurally, intrathecally, subcutaneously or intranodally.
  • Intravenous carriers include fluid and nutrient replenishers, electrolyte replenishers (such as those based on Ringer's dextrose), and the like preservatives and other additives may also be present in the pharmaceutical composition, such as, e.g., antimicrobials, anti-oxidants, chelating agents, inert gases and the like.
  • the pharmaceutical composition may be used in co-therapy in conjunction with, e.g., molecules capable of providing an activation signal for immune effector cells, for cell proliferation or for cell stimulation.
  • Said molecule may be, e.g., a further primary activation signal for T cells (e.g. a further costimulatory molecule: molecules of B7 family, Ox40L, 4.1 BBL, CD40L, anti-CTLA-4, anti-PD-1), or a further cytokine interleukin (e.g., IL-2).
  • the components of the pharmaceutical composition to be used for therapeutic administration are preferably sterile. Sterility may readily be accomplished by, e.g., filtration through sterile filtration membranes (e.g., 0.2 micron membranes).
  • the pharmaceutical composition may be prepared by contacting the components of the pharmaceutical composition uniformly with liquid carriers. After its production, the pharmaceutical composition may be placed into a container having a sterile access port, for example, an intravenous solution bag or vial having a stopper pierceable by a hypodermic injection needle.
  • Also provided is a method for the treatment of diseases that are characterized by overexpressing CXCL16 such as, e.g., colorectal cancer, brain cancer, ovarian cancer, prostate cancer, pancreatic cancer, breast cancer, renal cancer, nasopharyngeal carcinoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, gastric cancer, cervical cancer, bladder cancer, lymphoma, sarcoma, or lung cancer comprising the administration of a transduced T cell as described herein to a subject.
  • said subject is a human (as explained above).
  • a method for the treatment of a disease comprises the steps of isolating (a) T cell(s), preferably (a) CD8+ T cell(s), (a) CD4+ T cell(s), (a) ⁇ T cell(s) or (a) natural killer (NK) T cell(s), most preferably (a) CD8+ T cell(s), from a subject, transducing said isolated T cell(s) with a nucleic acid encoding the chemokine receptor 6 (CXCR6) as described herein above or with a vector comprising a nucleic acid encoding the CXCR6 as described herein above, and administering the transduced T cells to said subject.
  • T cell(s) preferably (a) CD8+ T cell(s), (a) CD4+ T cell(s), (a) ⁇ T cell(s) or (a) natural killer (NK) T cell(s), most preferably (a) CD8+ T cell(s), from a subject, transducing said isolated T cell(s)
  • Said transduced T cells are administered to said subject by intravenous infusion.
  • a method for the treatment of diseases comprising the steps of isolating T cells, preferably CD8+ T cells, CD4+ T cells, ⁇ T cells or natural killer (NK) T cells, most preferably CD8+ T cells, from a subject, transducing said isolated T cells with a nucleic acid encoding the chemokine receptor 6 (CXCR6) as described herein above, co-transducing said isolated T cell(s) with further nucleic acid molecules, e.g. with a nucleic acid sequence encoding (a) T cell receptor(s) or (a) chimeric receptor(s) as described above, expanding the transduced cells, and administering the transduced cells back to said subject.
  • T cells preferably CD8+ T cells, CD4+ T cells, ⁇ T cells or natural killer (NK) T cells, most preferably CD8+ T cells
  • the above mentioned expanding step of the transduced T cell(s) may be performed in the presence of (stimulating) cytokines such as interleukin-2 (IL-2) and/or interleukin-15 (IL-15).
  • the expanding step may also be performed in the presence of interleukin-12 (IL-12), interleukin-7 (IL-7) and/or interleukin-21 (IL-21).
  • the expanding step of the transduced T cell(s) may also be performed in the presence of anti-CD3 and/or anti-CD28 antibodies.
  • kits comprising the nucleic acid molecule of the disclosure, the vector of the disclosure and/or the transduced T cell(s) of the disclosure.
  • CXCR6 chemokine receptor 6
  • the kit further comprises optionally (a) reaction buffer(s), storage solutions (i.e. preservatives), wash solutions and/or remaining reagents or materials required for the conduction of the assays as described herein.
  • parts of the kit can be packaged individually in vials or bottles or in combination in containers or multicontainer units.
  • the kit may contain instructions for use. The manufacture of the kit follows preferably standard procedures, which are known to the person skilled in the art.
  • the kit provided herein is useful for treating a subject, preferably a human patient, which has a disease that is characterized by over-expression of CXCL16 such as, e.g., colorectal cancer, brain cancer, ovarian cancer, prostate cancer, pancreatic cancer, breast cancer, renal cancer, nasopharyngeal carcinoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, gastric cancer, cervical cancer, bladder cancer, lymphoma, sarcoma, or lung cancer.
  • a disease that is characterized by over-expression of CXCL16 such as, e.g., colorectal cancer, brain cancer, ovarian cancer, prostate cancer, pancreatic cancer, breast cancer, renal cancer, nasopharyngeal carcinoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, gastric cancer, cervical cancer, bladder cancer, lymphoma, sarcoma, or lung cancer.
  • the CXCR6 vector capable of transducing CD8+ T cells was generated by amplification of the full length murine CXCR6 sequence (SEQ ID NO: 3) and cloned into the pMP71-vector ( Schambach et al., Mol Ther 2(5) (2000), 435-45 ; EP-B1 0 955 374 ) after Eco RI and Not I double digestion and ligation.
  • the GFP vector capable of transducing CD8+ T cells was generated by amplification of the full length GFP sequence (SEQ ID NO: 11 (cDNA) and SEQ ID NO: 12 (protein)) and cloned into the pMP71-vector after Eco RI and Not I double digestion and ligation.
  • Cloning was done using polymerase chain reaction from splenocyte cDNA and amplification of CXCR6 corresponding to the above mentioned sequence and the following primers: 5-ATTAGCGGCCGCATGGATGATGGCCATCAGG-3' (SEQ ID NO: 13) and 5'-GGAAACCACCAGCATGTTTCAGGAATTC-3' (SEQ ID NO: 14).
  • the vector CXCR6GFP was generated in the same way as described above with regard to the CXCR6 and the GFP vector.
  • the murine full length murine CXCR6 sequence (SEQ ID NO: 3) and the full length GFP sequence (SEQ ID NO: 11 (cDNA) and SEQ ID NO: 12 (protein)) was cloned into the pMP71-vector.
  • the construction of the CXCR6 vector capable of transducing human CD8+ T cells was done in the same way as described above with regard to the CXCR6 vector harbouring the full length murine CXCR6 sequence.
  • human CXCR6 sequence (SEQ ID NO: 1) was cloned into the pMP71-vector.
  • Example 2 Transduction of T cells and assay systems for the CXCL16 secretion, T cell proliferation and killing assays
  • Panc02 pancreatic cancer cell line Panc02 and its ovalbumin-transfected counterpart Panc02-OVA have been previously described ( Jacobs et al., Int J Cancer 128(4) (2011), 897-907 ).
  • the Panc02-cell line was generated through injection of the carcinogen Methycholantren A into the pancreas of wild type C57B1/6 mice to induce carcinogenesis.
  • the tumor cell line T110299 was developed from a primary pancreatic tumor of a PtflaCre; KrasG12D; p53fl/R172H mouse 25 and is described in Duewell et al., Cell Death Differ 21(12) (2014), 1825-1837 ( Erratum in: Cell Death Differ. 21(12) (2014), 161 ).
  • the packaging cell line Plat-E has been previously described by Morita et al., Gene Ther 7 (2000), 1063-6 ). All cells were cultured in DMEM with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS, Life Technologies, USA), 1% penicillin and streptomycin (PS) and 1% L-glutamine (all from PAA, Germany). 10 ⁇ g/ml puromycin and 1 ⁇ g/ml blasticidin (Sigma, Germany) were added to the Plat-E medium.
  • Bone marrow derived dendritic cells were isolated from a C57BL/6J mouse (Janvier, France (Cat. Number 2014-07-DE-RM-20)). Bone marrow cells were cultured with recombinant GM-CSF (20 ng/ml) (Peprotech, Hamburg) for seven days. Bone marrow derived dendritic cells (BM-DC, 10 4 per well) were seeded in a 96-well plate (flat bottom) and stimulated with recombinant proteins (20 ng/ml) (TNF- ⁇ , IFN- ⁇ or IL-4, Peprotech, Hamburg; or R848 Enzo Life Science, Lörrach).
  • OT-1 T cells are T cells from OT-1 mice Stock number 003831. These OT-1 T cells were produced as follows. Primary splenocytes were harvested from OT-1-mice. Single cell suspensions of splenocytes were stimulated with anti-CD3 (clone 145-2c11 BD Pharmingen, USA), anti-CD28 (clone 37.51, BD Pharmingen, USA) and recombinant murine IL-2 (Peprotech, Germany) in T cell medium over night.
  • anti-CD3 clone 145-2c11 BD Pharmingen, USA
  • anti-CD28 clone 37.51, BD Pharmingen, USA
  • recombinant murine IL-2 Peprotech, Germany
  • the human pancreatic cancer cell line PA-TU-8988T is obtainable from the cell line depository Leibniz Institute DSMZ-German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures under the accession number DSM ACC 162.
  • the origin of the deposited cell line PA-TU-89988T is human (Homo sapiens).
  • the cell type is pancreas adenocarcinoma. More precisely, the cell line PA-TU-8988T was established in 1985 from the liver metastasis of a primary pancreatic adenocarcinoma from a 64-year-old woman; sister cell line of PA-TU-8988S (DSM ACC 204).
  • the human pancreatic cancer cell line MIA PaCa-2 is obtainable from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) under the accession number CRM-CRL-1420TM.
  • the organism of the deposited cell line MIA PaCa-2 is human (Homo sapiens).
  • the cell type is epithelial cell (Kras Crm).
  • the human pancreatic cancer cell line PANC-1 is obtainable from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) under the accession number CRL-1469TM.
  • the organism of the deposited cell line PANC-1 is human (Homo sapiens).
  • the tissue is pancreas/duct.
  • the human pancreatic cancer cell line SUIT-2 has been previously described in Iwamura et al., Jpn J Cancer Res. 78(1) (1987), 54-62 .
  • the pancreatic cancer cell line SUIT-2 is characterized by producing carcinoembyronic antigen and carbohydrate antigen 19-9.
  • Wild type C57B1/6 mice were bought from Harlan laboratories (The Netherlands). Mice transgenic for a T cell receptor specific for ovalbumine (OT-1) were obtained from the Jackson laboratory, USA (Stock number 003831) and were bred in our animal facility under specific-pathogen free (SPF) conditions. OT-1 mice were crossed to CD45.1 congenic marker mice (obtained from the Jackson laboratory, stock number 002014) and to CD90.1 congeneic marker mice (Stock number: 000406) to generate CD45.1-OT-1 and CD90.1-OT-1 mice, respectively. Wild type C57B1/6 mice were purchased from Janvier, France. Tumors were induced by subcutaneous injection of 2 x 10 6 tumor cells and mice were treated by i.v.
  • OT-1 mice T cell receptor specific for ovalbumine
  • T cells T cells as indicated. All experiments were randomized and blinded.
  • anti-IFN-y antibody R4-6A2 BioXcell, USA
  • isotype control BioXcell, USA
  • the retroviral vector pMP71 ( Schambach et al., Mol Ther 2(5) (2000), 435-45 ; EP-B1 0 955 374 ) was used for transfection of the ecotrophic packaging cell line Plat-E. Transduction was performed according to the method described by Leisegang et al. J Mol Med 86 (2008), 573 ; Mueller et al. J Virol 86 (2012), 10866-10869 ; Kobold et al., J Natl Cancer Inst 107 (2015), 364 . In brief, packaging cell line Plat E (as described by Morita et al. Gene Ther 7 (2000), 1063 ) was seeded in 6-well plates and grown over night to 70 - 80 % confluence.
  • Single cell suspensions of splenocytes were stimulated with anti-CD3 (clone 145-2c11 BD Pharmingen, USA), anti-CD28 (clone 37.51, BD Pharmingen, USA) and recombinant murine IL-2 (Peprotech, Germany) in T cell medium over night.
  • anti-CD3 clone 145-2c11 BD Pharmingen, USA
  • anti-CD28 clone 37.51, BD Pharmingen, USA
  • recombinant murine IL-2 Peprotech, Germany
  • 24-well plates were coated with 12.5 ⁇ g/ml recombinant retronectin (Takara Biotech, Japan) for 2 h at room temperature, blocked with 2 % bovine serum albumin (Roth, Germany) for 30 min at 37°C and washed with PBS.
  • Supernatant of Plat-E was harvested and passed through a filter (40 ⁇ m, Milipore, USA).
  • Fresh T cell medium was then added to Plat E cells. 1 ml of filtered supernatant was distributed in each well and spinoculated for 2 hours at 4°C. Supernatant was then removed from the 24-well plate. 10 6 T cells were seeded in one ml T cell medium supplemented with 10 U IL-2 and 400,000 anti-CD3 and anti-CD28 beads (Invitrogen, Germany) per well and spinoculated at 800 g for 30 min at 32°C. On day four, Plat E supernatant was again harvested and filtered. 1 ml was added to each well of the 24-well plate and spinoculated at 800 g for 90 min at 32°C. Cells were subsequently incubated for 6 additional hours at 37°C.
  • T cell medium 1 ml supernatant was replaced by T cell medium with IL-2.
  • cells were harvested, counted and reseeded at 10 6 cells/ml density in T cell medium supplemented with 10 ng IL-15 per ml (Peprotech, Germany). T cells were kept at this density until day 10 when cell analysis or functional assays were performed.
  • the retroviral vector pMP71 ( Schambach et al., Mol Ther 2(5) (2000), 435-45 ; EP-B1 0 955 374 ) was used for transfection of the amphotrophic packaging cell line Plat-A. Transduction was performed according to the method described by Leisegang et al. J Mol Med 86 (2008), 573 ; Mueller et al. J Virol 86 (2012), 10866-10869 ; Kobold et al., J Natl Cancer Inst 107 (2015), 364 . In brief, packaging cell line Plat A (as described by Morita et al.
  • CD3+ human T cells were stimulated with anti-human CD3 (clone UCHT1 BD Pharmingen, USA), anti-human CD28 (clone CD28,2, BD Pharmingen, USA), recombinant IL-15 (Peprotech, Germany) and recombinant murine IL-2 (Peprotech, Germany) in T cell medium over night.
  • 24-well plates were coated with 12.5 ⁇ g/ml recombinant retronectin (Takara Biotech, Japan) for 2 h at room temperature, blocked with 2 % bovine serum albumin (Roth, Germany) for 30 min at 37°C and washed with PBS.
  • T cells and tumor cells were co-cultured for 48 h at a ratio of 1:1 or 10:1 in the culture conditions described above.
  • Supernatants were analyzed for IFN- ⁇ by ELISA (BD) as described in section 2.5, infra.
  • LDH release was measured by a commercial kit (Promega). In brief, LDH catalizes the reduction of NAD + to NADH and H + by oxidation of lactate to pyruvate. Next, diaphorase reacts with NADH and H + to catalyze the reduction of a tetrazolium salt (INT) to formazan which absorbs at 490 nm.
  • INT tetrazolium salt
  • IFN- ⁇ is measured by ELISA using complementary IFN- ⁇ binding antibodies as capture and as detection antibodies and Horse Radish Peroxidase coupled secondary system.
  • Cells expressing GFP are analyzed by a flow cytometer and GFP is excited by the 488 nm and detected in the 530 nm filter using a BD FACS Canto II
  • CXCL16 Migration towards CXCL16 was performed using a standard transwell migration where the upper and lower part of the well are separated by commercial porous membranes, which can be passed by T cells. CXCL16 was added to the lower part of the well and the cells in the upper part. If the cells express CXCR6, they will migrate through the pores and can be measured by flow cytometry thereafter.
  • Panc02-OVA tumor growth in mice were analyzed by comparing tumor surface (defined as the width times the height of a tumor as measured by an analogue caliper) at each time point using two-way ANOVA with correction for multiple testing.

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Claims (11)

  1. Vecteur d'expression pour son utilisation dans le traitement d'une maladie caractérisée par la surexpression de CXCL16, ledit vecteur étant capable de transduire des cellules T et comprenant une séquence d'acide nucléique sélectionnée dans le groupe consistant en :
    (a) une séquence d'acide nucléique de SEQ ID NO :1, et
    (b) une séquence d'acide nucléique qui est au moins à 84% identique à la séquence de SEQ ID NO :1 et qui est caractérisée par le fait d'avoir une activité du récepteur 6 de la chimiokine (CXCR6).
  2. Cellule T exprimant un récepteur 6 de la chimiokine (CXCR6), ladite cellule T étant transduite avec un vecteur d'expression codant pour ledit CXCR6, ledit vecteur comprenant une séquence d'acide nucléique sélectionnée dans le groupe consistant en :
    (a) une séquence d'acide nucléique de SEQ ID NO :1, et
    (b) une séquence d'acide nucléique qui est au moins à 84% identique à la séquence de SEQ ID NO :1 et qui est caractérisée par le fait d'avoir une activité du récepteur 6 de la chimiokine (CXCR6).
  3. Méthode in vitro pour la production d'une cellule T transduite exprimant un récepteur 6 de la chimiokine (CXCR6) comprenant les étapes suivantes :
    (a) transduire une cellule T avec un vecteur d'expression comprenant une séquence d'acide nucléique sélectionnée dans le groupe consistant en :
    (i) une séquence d'acide nucléique de SEQ ID NO :1, et
    (ii) une séquence d'acide nucléique qui est au moins à 84 % identique à la séquence de SEQ ID NO :1 et qui est caractérisée par le fait d'avoir une activité du récepteur 6 de la chimiokine (CXCR6) ;
    (b) cultiver la cellule T transduite dans des conditions permettant l'expression du récepteur 6 de la chimiokine (CXCR6) dans ou sur ladite cellule T ; et
    (c) récupérer la cellule T transduite à partir de la culture.
  4. La méthode de la revendication 3, dans laquelle la cellule T transduite est expansée après la transfection par des anticorps anti-CD3 et anti-CD28, et/ou en présence de cytokines, de préférence l'interleukine-2 (IL-2) et/ou l'interleukine-15 (IL-15).
  5. Cellule T transduite exprimant un récepteur 6 de la chimiokine (CXCR6) tel qu'il peut être obtenu par la méthode selon la revendication 3 ou 4.
  6. La cellule T transduite de la revendication 2 ou revendication 5 pour son utilisation en tant que médicament.
  7. Composition pharmaceutique comprenant une cellule T exprimant un récepteur 6 de la chimiokine (CXCR6), ladite cellule T étant transduite avec un vecteur d'expression codant pour ledit CXCR6, ledit vecteur comprenant une séquence d'acide nucléique sélectionnée dans le groupe consistant en :
    (a) une séquence d'acide nucléique de SEQ ID NO :1, et
    (b) une séquence d'acide nucléique qui est au moins à 84% identique à la séquence de SEQ ID NO :1 et qui est caractérisée par le fait d'avoir une activité du récepteur 6 de la chimiokine (CXCR6).
  8. La cellule transduite de l'une quelconque des revendications 2, 5 et 6, ou la composition pharmaceutique de la revendication 7, ladite cellule T transduite étant une cellule T qui a été obtenue initialement chez le patient à traiter.
  9. La cellule transduite de l'une quelconque des revendications 2, 5, 6 et 8, ou la composition pharmaceutique de la revendication 7 ou la revendication 8 pour son utilisation dans une méthode de traitement d'une maladie caractérisée par la surexpression de CXCL16.
  10. La cellule T transduite de la revendication 9 pour son utilisation selon la revendication 9, ou la composition pharmaceutique de la revendication 9 pour son utilisation selon la revendication 9, dans laquelle ladite maladie est sélectionnée dans le groupe consistant en le cancer colorectal, le cancer du cerveau, le cancer des ovaires, le cancer de la prostate, le cancer du pancréas, le cancer du sein, le cancer des reins, le carcinome nasopharyngé, le carcinome hépatocellulaire, le cancer gastrique, le cancer cervical, le cancer de la vessie, le lymphome, le sarcome et le cancer du poumon.
  11. Le vecteur de la revendication 1 pour son utilisation selon la revendication 1, la cellule T transduite de l'une quelconque des revendications 2, 5, 6 et 8, la méthode de la revendication 3 ou 4, la cellule T transduite de la revendication 9 ou 10 pour son utilisation selon la revendication 9 ou 10, la composition pharmaceutique de la revendication 7 ou 8, ou la composition pharmaceutique pour son utilisation selon la revendication 9 ou 10, dans lequel/laquelle la cellule T est une cellule T sélectionnée dans le groupe consistant en une cellule T CD8+, une cellule T CD4+, une cellule T γδ et des cellules T tueuses naturelles (NK).
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CA3001507C (fr) 2023-09-19
JP2018531016A (ja) 2018-10-25
AU2016336868B2 (en) 2022-04-14
CA3001507A1 (fr) 2017-04-20
AU2016336868A1 (en) 2018-03-15
ES2895901T3 (es) 2022-02-23
JP7018387B2 (ja) 2022-02-10
US11723922B2 (en) 2023-08-15
DK3362569T3 (da) 2021-10-18
EP3362569A1 (fr) 2018-08-22
WO2017064222A1 (fr) 2017-04-20
US20180256645A1 (en) 2018-09-13
AU2022205240A1 (en) 2022-09-29

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