EP3354371B1 - Verfahren zum stranggiessen von brammen - Google Patents

Verfahren zum stranggiessen von brammen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3354371B1
EP3354371B1 EP16848756.9A EP16848756A EP3354371B1 EP 3354371 B1 EP3354371 B1 EP 3354371B1 EP 16848756 A EP16848756 A EP 16848756A EP 3354371 B1 EP3354371 B1 EP 3354371B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
slab
mold
submerged nozzle
cooling
pair
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Application number
EP16848756.9A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3354371A1 (de
EP3354371A4 (de
Inventor
Sang Hum Kwon
Sang Woo Han
Young Mok Won
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Posco Holdings Inc
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Posco Co Ltd
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Publication of EP3354371A4 publication Critical patent/EP3354371A4/de
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/04—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into open-ended moulds
    • B22D11/055—Cooling the moulds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/10—Supplying or treating molten metal
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/12—Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ
    • B22D11/124—Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ for cooling
    • B22D11/1246—Nozzles; Spray heads
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/12—Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ
    • B22D11/128—Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ for removing
    • B22D11/1282—Vertical casting and curving the cast stock to the horizontal
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/16—Controlling or regulating processes or operations
    • B22D11/22—Controlling or regulating processes or operations for cooling cast stock or mould
    • B22D11/225—Controlling or regulating processes or operations for cooling cast stock or mould for secondary cooling

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a continuous casting method for a slab and, more particularly, to a continuous casting method for a slab, which controls locations of segregations and shrinkage cavities that are generated within a slab.
  • a slab that is a half-finished product is manufactured in a continuous casting process using molten steel that is manufactured via an iron-making process and a steel-making process, and the slab is produced as the coil of a desired thickness by consumers in the rolling process.
  • Fig. 1 is a view schematically illustrating a general continuous casting equipment
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic view illustrating solidification structures of a slab that is manufactured by the general continuous casting equipment.
  • molten steel 1 that is refined in a steel-making process is accommodated in a ladle 10, is moved to a continuous casting factory, and is then located on a tundish 20. Further, the molten steel that is accommodated in the ladle 10 is injected into the tundish 20 through a shroud nozzle, and the molten steel 1 that has been injected into the tundish 20 is continuously injected into a mold 30 through an submerged nozzle 21.
  • the molten steel 1 that has been supplied to the mold 30 is primarily cooled while passing through the mold 30, is then withdrawn and is mainly cooled by cooling water that is sprayed from spaces between a plurality of segment rolls while being rolled by the rolls, and is thus manufactured into a slab 2.
  • the slab 2 that is continuously casted in this way is cut to have a predetermined length by a cutter 50, and is transferred to a rolling process by a transfer roller 60.
  • defects of the slab 2 remain after the rolling, and thus, defective products may be caused.
  • defects include solidification shrinkage cavities and center segregations that are generated at a center of the slab in a thickness direction thereof, as illustrated in Fig. 2 .
  • tensile stress is generated at a central portion of the slab in a thickness direction thereof.
  • a temperature of a surface of the slab is decreased more rapidly than that of the central portion thereof, and the central portion of the slab in the thickness direction thereof is under a tensile stress due to such a temperature difference.
  • the magnitude of the tensile stress that results from such a temperature difference becomes larger, and when such a tensile stress is focused on the segregations 4 and the solidification shrinkage cavities 3, which have been mentioned above, defects of the central portion of the slab 2 are expanded, and thus defective products may be generated.
  • a typical technology for reducing defects such as the center segregations 4 and the solidification shrinkage cavities 3 that cause defective products is soft reduction.
  • the soft reduction technology is a technology that applies a roll force to a slab 2 by segment rolls 40 during continuous casting.
  • the number of porosities that are generated by solidification shrinkage is minimized by physically compressing solidification shrinkage cavities 3 by rolling the slab at an end of solidification by a solidified and shrunk degree, and at the same time, center segregations 4 are suppressed from being generated in the slab 2 by suppressing molten steel in which solutes that exist between columnar crystals are concentrated from being introduced into the central portion of the slab in the thickness direction thereof.
  • the soft reduction technology because large-scale rolling equipment should be installed in a continuous casting machine and the rolling is performed at an end of solidification, the segregations 4 and the solidification shrinkage cavities 3 may not be sufficiently removed.
  • technologies for reducing defects such as the center segregations 4 and the solidification shrinkage cavities 3 include an submerged nozzle 21, particularly, improvement of a structure of a discharge hole of the submerged nozzle 21, control of spraying of cooling water in a secondary cooling zone and the like.
  • such methods are adapted to suppress the center segregations 4 and the solidification shrinkage cavities 3 from being generated, but have a problem in that the center segregations 4 and the solidification shrinkage cavities 3 cannot be completely removed.
  • EP 2 881 196 A1 , JP H09 112650 A , and KR 2014 0118571 A disclose further examples for continuous casting methods for a slab known in the art.
  • the present invention provides a continuous casting method for a slab, in which a location of an submerged nozzle that supplies molten steel to a mold is changed so that locations of segregations and solidification shrinkage cavities that are generated within the slab are controlled.
  • a continuous casting method for a slab according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: primarily cooling a slab by a mold while molten steel is injected into an area that is biased from a central portion of an inside of the mold in a thickness direction of the slab; and secondarily cooling the slab by spraying cooling water to a surface of the slab while drawing the slab that is primarily cooled by the mold.
  • an submerged nozzle is input into the mold that includes a pair of long sides that face each other and a pair of short sides that face each other, the molten steel is injected into the mold, and the submerged nozzle is biased in a direction of one long side that is selected from the pair of long sides.
  • the slab In the secondarily cooling, the slab may be drawn from the mold downward and may be drawn while being forwardly bent, and in the primarily cooling, the direction in which the submerged nozzle is biased may be a direction of a long side that is arranged on a front side with reference to a direction in which the slab is drawn among the pair of long sides.
  • a difference between a distance d1 between the submerged nozzle and one long side that is selected from the pair of long sides and a distance d2 between the submerged nozzle and the other long side among the pair of long sides may be 20 mm or longer.
  • a distance d1 between the submerged nozzle and one long side that is selected from the pair of long sides and a distance d2 between the submerged nozzle and the other long side among the pair of long sides may be 10 mm or longer.
  • a length ratio (d1:d2) of the distance d1 between the submerged nozzle and one long side that is selected from the pair of long sides and the distance d2 between the submerged nozzle and the other long side among the pair of long sides may be 1:3.
  • the slab may be drawn from the mold downward and may be drawn while being forwardly bent, an amount of cooling water that is sprayed from an upper side of the slab may be maintained to be larger than an amount of cooling water that is sprayed from a lower side of the slab until the drawn slab is completely solidified, and the amount of cooling water that is sprayed from the lower side of the slab may be maintained to be larger than the amount of cooling water that is sprayed from the upper portion of the slab after the drawn slab is completely solidified.
  • a location of an submerged nozzle that is placed within a mold is changed and molten steel is injected not into a central portion of the mold but into an area of the mold, which is biased in a thickness direction of a slab, so that locations where segregations and solidification shrinkage cavities are generated may be moved from a central portion to a surface of the slab.
  • the solidification shrinkage cavities are more easily compressed in a rolling process for the slab, and the segregations are not situated at a location where a maximum tensile stress is generated in a cooling process after rolling so that cracks are prevented from being propagated. Accordingly, inner defects of final products may be reduced.
  • Fig. 3A is a view illustrating the location of an submerged nozzle within a mold in general continuous casting equipment
  • Fig. 3B is a view illustrating the state in which the location of the submerged nozzle within the mold that is applied to a continuous casting method for a slab according to an embodiment of the present invention is changed
  • Fig. 4 illustrates the flow and temperature analysis results for molten steel within the mold that is applied to the continuous casting method for a slab according to the embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 5 is a picture illustrating the slab that is manufactured by the continuous casting method for a slab according to the embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 6 is a compression simulation result according to locations of solidification shrinkage cavities during rolling
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic view illustrating center segregations that is remained in a product and stress distribution.
  • the continuous casting method for a slab is implemented using the general continuous casting equipment illustrated in Fig. 1 .
  • the method is achieved by changing the location where a molten steel 1 accommodated in a tundish 20 is injected into a mold 30 while changing the location of an submerged nozzle 21 through which the molten steel 1 is injected into the mold 30.
  • the continuous casting method for a slab largely includes: performing primary cooling the molten steel 1 using the mold 30 while injecting the molten steel 1 into an inner area of the mold 30 to be biased from the central portion of the mold 30 to a thickness direction thereof, and performing secondary cooling by spraying cooling water to the surface of the slab 2 which is drawn out after being primarily cooled down by the mold 30.
  • an submerged nozzle 21a is not arranged at the central portion of the inside of the mold 30 as illustrated in Fig. 3A but an submerged nozzle 21b is arranged on the area thereof to be biased toward the direction widthwise of the slab 2as illustrated in Fig. 3B in order to allow the molten steel 1 to be injected to the direction biased in the widthwise of the slab 2.
  • the mold 30 is composed of a pair of long sides 30a and 30b that face each other and a pair of short sides 30c and 30d that face each other.
  • the submerged nozzle 21b is arranged to be biased toward the direction of one long side 30a that is selected from the pair of long sides 30a and 30b.
  • a flow strength (flow rate) of the molten steel 1 in the biased area is induced to be greater than that of the other areas.
  • a result as illustrated in Fig. 4A may be obtained. It may be identified in Fig. 4A that an area that has red color (relatively dark part) is an area that has a high flow strength, and flow rates in respective areas on the surface of the molten steel have little difference but a stronger flow field is formed in the areas by 2m under the molten steel surface in the biased direction than at the center.
  • Fig. 4B illustrates a calculated temperature field on this area, and it may be identified that temperatures are different from each other in a thickness direction, which is similar to the result of the flow field.
  • Fig. 4A illustrates a calculated temperature field on this area, and it may be identified that temperatures are different from each other in a thickness direction, which is similar to the result of the flow field.
  • an area having a red color is an area having a relatively high temperature and the fact that a temperature difference occurs means that solidification completion is generated not at a central portion of its thickness but at a portion thereof in the biased direction.
  • a direction in which the submerged nozzle 21 is biased is a direction of the long side 30a that is arranged on a front side with reference to a direction in which the slab 2 is drawn among the pair of long sides 30a and 30b.
  • the direction in which the submerged nozzle 21 is biased is set to be a direction of an upper surface of the drawn slab 2.
  • the point at which the segregations 4 and the solidification shrinkage cavities 3 are generated is biased in a direction of an upper surface of the slab 2 by biasing thea point at which solidification is completed in a direction of an upper portion rather than a lower surface portion of the drawn slab 2.
  • casting is performed while the submerged nozzle 21 that is generally located at a center of the mold 30 is moved in an arrow direction.
  • d1 refers to a distance between the submerged nozzle 21 and the long side 30a that is selected from the pair of long sides 30a and 30b
  • d2 refers to a distance between the submerged nozzle 21 and the other long side 30b among the pair of long sides 30a and 30b.
  • the submerged nozzle 21 is arranged such that a length ratio (d2/d1) of d1 and d2 is 1, 3, 4 and 7 and casting is then performed.
  • a length difference between d1 and d2 becomes larger a location where solidification is completed is moved not to a central portion of the slab 2 but to a surface thereof.
  • the solidification shrinkage cavities 3 and the segregations 4 are moved not to the central portion of the slab 2 in the thickness direction but to the surface thereof.
  • a difference between d1 and d2 is required to be larger than 20mm.
  • the submerged nozzle 21 is arranged such that both d1 and d2 are 10mm or greater respectively.
  • a length ratio (d1:d2) of d1 and d2 is 1:3.
  • Fig. 5 illustrates a result obtained by performing casting when a length ratio (d1:d2) of d1 and d2 is 1:3, and it may be identified that an area having a red color (area near solidification completion line) indicates an area having a relatively high temperature and a location thereof is biased not to the central portion of the slab 2 in its thickness but to an upper portion thereof. That is, as the location of the submerged nozzle 21 is moved, the flow and temperature fields are changed. Because of this, it may be identified that the location where the solidification is completed may be biased not to the central portion in the thickness direction but to either one surface.
  • the segregations 4 and the solidification shrinkage cavities 3 are biased not to the central portion of the slab 2 in the thickness direction thereof but to the upper surface thereof by a predetermined interval.
  • d2 is much greater than d1
  • the segregations 4 and the solidification shrinkage cavities 3 are largely biased to the surface of the slab 2.
  • the defects are exposed to the surfaces in a rolling process and surface defects may thus be caused. Accordingly, it is preferred that the length ratio (d1:d2) of d1 and d2 is maintained to be 1:3.
  • the flow and temperature fields of the molten steel 1 are changed, so that the point where the solidification is completed is biased to the upper surface of the slab 2.
  • bending of the slab 2 is occurred by a residual stress that is caused by a cooling difference that is generated between the upper surface and a lower surface of the slab 2 during the solidification, and thus it may be difficult to transfer the slab 2 using a transfer roller 60.
  • an amount of cooling water that is sprayed to an upper side of the slab 2 may be maintained to be greater than an amount of cooling water that is sprayed to a lower side of the slab 2 until the slab 2 that is drawn in the performing of the secondary cooling is completely solidified, and the amount of cooling water that is sprayed to the lower side of the slab 2 may be maintained same as or to be greater than the amount of cooling water that is sprayed to the upper portion of the slab 2 after the drawn slab 2 is completely solidified.
  • inner defects of a thick plate product are identified through ultrasonic inspection.
  • defects are detected at central portions of most of thick plate products in thickness directions thereof, and are caused by the solidification shrinkage cavities 3 and the segregations 4 that are generated in the central portion in the thickness direction during the continuous casting.
  • the defects are easily detected as the products have a higher strength and a heavier gauge, and this is caused by the following reason.
  • the surface of a product that is produced after the slab 2 is rolled is firstly cooled. That is, the surface of the product is in a low temperature state and an interior thereof is in a relatively high temperature state. Accordingly, a tensile stress is generated at a central portion of the product in a thickness direction thereof.
  • a segregation 4 is located at the central portion of the slab 2 in the thickness direction thereof, a crack is easily generated due to stress concentration and propagated, and thus becomes causes of defects at the ultrasonic inspection.
  • the thick plate product is highly strengthened and extremely thickened, the tensile stress is more largely increased, and thus a defect incidence is increased.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Continuous Casting (AREA)

Claims (6)

  1. Stranggussverfahren für eine Bramme, bei dem eine Bramme (2) stranggegossen wird, wobei das Stranggussverfahren Folgendes umfasst:
    Primärkühlen der Bramme (2) durch eine Form (30), während die Stahlschmelze (1) in einen Bereich eingespritzt wird, der von einem mittigen Abschnitt einer Innenseite der Form (30) zu einer Dickenrichtung der Bramme (2) versetzt ist; und
    Sekundärkühlen der Bramme (2), indem Kühlwasser auf eine Oberfläche der Bramme gesprüht (2) wird, während die Bramme (2), die durch die Form primärgekühlt wird, gezogen wird,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass beim Primärkühlen eine Tauchdüse (21b) in die Form (30) eingeführt wird, die ein Paar von einander zugewandten langen Seiten (30a, 30b) und ein Paar von einander zugewandten kurzen Seiten (30c, 30d) beinhaltet, die Stahlschmelze (1) in die Form (30) eingespritzt wird und die Tauchdüse (21b) in einer Richtung einer langen Seite versetzt ist, die aus dem Paar von langen Seiten (30a, 30b) ausgewählt ist.
  2. Stranggussverfahren nach Anspruch 1, wobei beim Sekundärkühlen die Bramme (2) nach unten aus der Form (30) gezogen wird und gezogen wird, während sie nach vorn gebogen wird, und
    wobei beim Primärkühlen die Richtung, in der die Tauchdüse (21b) versetzt ist, eine Richtung einer langen Seite unter dem Paar von langen Seiten (30a, 30b) ist, die an einer Vorderseite in Bezug auf eine Richtung angeordnet ist, in der die Bramme (2) gezogen wird.
  3. Stranggussverfahren nach Anspruch 1, wobei beim Primärkühlen eine Differenz zwischen einem Abstand d1 zwischen der Tauchdüse (21b) und einer langen Seite, die aus dem Paar von langen Seiten (30a, 30b) ausgewählt ist, und einem Abstand d2 zwischen der Tauchdüse (21b) und der anderen langen Seite unter dem Paar von langen Seiten 20 mm oder länger ist.
  4. Stranggussverfahren nach Anspruch 1, wobei beim Primärkühlen ein Abstand d1 zwischen der Tauchdüse (21b) und einer langen Seite, die aus dem Paar von langen Seiten (30a, 30b) ausgewählt ist, und ein Abstand d2 zwischen der Tauchdüse (21b) und der anderen langen Seite unter dem Paar von langen Seiten (30a, 30b) jeweils 10 mm oder länger sind.
  5. Stranggussverfahren nach Anspruch 1, wobei beim Primärkühlen ein Längenverhältnis (d1:d2) des Abstands d1 zwischen der Tauchdüse (21b) und einer langen Seite, die aus dem Paar von langen Seiten (30a, 30b) ausgewählt ist, und des Abstands d2 zwischen der Tauchdüse (21b) und der anderen langen Seite unter dem Paar von langen Seiten (30a, 30b) 1:3 ist.
  6. Stranggussverfahren nach Anspruch 1, wobei beim Sekundärkühlen die Bramme (2) nach unten aus der Form (30) gezogen wird und gezogen wird, während sie nach vorn gebogen wird,
    wobei eine Menge an Kühlwasser, die auf eine Oberseite der Bramme (2) gesprüht wird, bis zu dem Punkt, an dem die gezogene Bramme (2) vollständig erstarrt ist, auf einem Wert gehalten wird, der größer als eine Menge an Kühlwasser ist, die auf eine Unterseite der Bramme (2) gesprüht wird, und
    wobei die Menge an Kühlwasser, die auf die Unterseite der Bramme (2) gesprüht wird, nach dem Punkt, an dem die gezogene Bramme (2) vollständig erstarrt ist, auf einem Wert gehalten wird, der gleich der oder größer als die Menge an Kühlwasser ist, die auf die Oberseite der Bramme (2) gesprüht wird.
EP16848756.9A 2015-09-24 2016-06-03 Verfahren zum stranggiessen von brammen Active EP3354371B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
KR1020150135925A KR101941877B1 (ko) 2015-09-24 2015-09-24 주편의 연속 주조 방법
PCT/KR2016/005922 WO2017052030A1 (ko) 2015-09-24 2016-06-03 주편의 연속 주조 방법

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3354371A1 EP3354371A1 (de) 2018-08-01
EP3354371A4 EP3354371A4 (de) 2018-08-08
EP3354371B1 true EP3354371B1 (de) 2019-10-02

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EP (1) EP3354371B1 (de)
JP (1) JP6461357B2 (de)
KR (1) KR101941877B1 (de)
CN (1) CN107206476B (de)
BR (1) BR112017016554A2 (de)
WO (1) WO2017052030A1 (de)

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KR101974566B1 (ko) * 2017-10-12 2019-09-05 주식회사 포스코 주편 주조 방법 및 주조 설비
CN109093083B (zh) * 2018-09-28 2020-09-01 邢台钢铁有限责任公司 一种表面质量优化的连铸钢坯及其制造方法
CN115846608B (zh) * 2023-03-02 2023-04-28 北京科技大学 基于水口偏移程度分析的连铸工艺在线控制方法及系统

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Publication number Publication date
JP2018501962A (ja) 2018-01-25
WO2017052030A1 (ko) 2017-03-30
CN107206476A (zh) 2017-09-26
BR112017016554A2 (pt) 2018-04-10
KR20170036973A (ko) 2017-04-04
EP3354371A1 (de) 2018-08-01
EP3354371A4 (de) 2018-08-08
JP6461357B2 (ja) 2019-01-30
CN107206476B (zh) 2019-08-13
KR101941877B1 (ko) 2019-01-25

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