EP3322855B1 - Wand und funktionselement zur verringerung der feinstaubbelastung - Google Patents

Wand und funktionselement zur verringerung der feinstaubbelastung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3322855B1
EP3322855B1 EP16739416.2A EP16739416A EP3322855B1 EP 3322855 B1 EP3322855 B1 EP 3322855B1 EP 16739416 A EP16739416 A EP 16739416A EP 3322855 B1 EP3322855 B1 EP 3322855B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
functional
layer
wall
functional element
substrate layer
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EP16739416.2A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3322855A1 (de
Inventor
Andreas Kugler
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Ed Zueblin AG
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Ed Zueblin AG
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Priority to PL16739416T priority Critical patent/PL3322855T3/pl
Priority to SI201630531T priority patent/SI3322855T1/sl
Publication of EP3322855A1 publication Critical patent/EP3322855A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3322855B1 publication Critical patent/EP3322855B1/de
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01F—ADDITIONAL WORK, SUCH AS EQUIPPING ROADS OR THE CONSTRUCTION OF PLATFORMS, HELICOPTER LANDING STAGES, SIGNS, SNOW FENCES, OR THE LIKE
    • E01F8/00—Arrangements for absorbing or reflecting air-transmitted noise from road or railway traffic
    • E01F8/02—Arrangements for absorbing or reflecting air-transmitted noise from road or railway traffic specially adapted for sustaining vegetation or for accommodating plants ; Embankment-type or crib-type noise barriers; Retaining walls specially adapted to absorb or reflect noise
    • E01F8/021—Arrangements for absorbing or reflecting air-transmitted noise from road or railway traffic specially adapted for sustaining vegetation or for accommodating plants ; Embankment-type or crib-type noise barriers; Retaining walls specially adapted to absorb or reflect noise with integral support structure
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01F—ADDITIONAL WORK, SUCH AS EQUIPPING ROADS OR THE CONSTRUCTION OF PLATFORMS, HELICOPTER LANDING STAGES, SIGNS, SNOW FENCES, OR THE LIKE
    • E01F8/00—Arrangements for absorbing or reflecting air-transmitted noise from road or railway traffic
    • E01F8/0005—Arrangements for absorbing or reflecting air-transmitted noise from road or railway traffic used in a wall type arrangement
    • E01F8/0011—Plank-like elements

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a wall for reducing the particulate matter load and a functional element for reducing the particulate matter load.
  • the WO 2010/133203 A1 discloses a soundproofing element having bearing profiles to which a surface suitable for mossing is attached.
  • the soundproofing element has an irrigation device for the surface suitable for mossing.
  • the cost of the irrigation device is comparatively large.
  • the sound-absorbing wall has functional elements which are filled with a porous, organic, solid material.
  • the organic material of each functional element is shown from top to bottom as a continuous block.
  • From the KR 101 008 967 B shows a noise barrier, in which a vegetation mat is arranged between a front plate and a back plate.
  • the vegetation mat extends continuously from the top to the bottom of the functional elements.
  • the plates, between which the vegetation mat is arranged, have openings through which plants can grow.
  • the DE 31 44 353 A1 discloses a plant culture for greening soundproof walls filled with granular substances as a substrate.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a wall to reduce the particulate pollution, which is simple and can be installed quickly and easily.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a functional element for reducing the particulate matter pollution, which is simple in construction and can be mounted quickly and easily.
  • This object is achieved by a wall for reducing the particulate matter load with the features of claim 1.
  • the object is achieved by a functional element for reducing the particulate matter load with the features of claim 12.
  • the wall for reducing the particulate matter load has posts, between each of which a plurality of superimposed functional elements are arranged to reduce the particulate matter.
  • the posts are preferably arranged approximately vertically. However, the posts can also be arranged at an angle.
  • the functional elements have a dimensionally stable base body, which is formed by an upper support profile, a lower support profile and at least one connecting element connecting the upper and the lower support profile. At least one functional side of the body is a plant functional position determined.
  • the wall has a collecting device for collecting rainwater and the irrigation device leads the collected rainwater to the functional position. This achieves a simple construction.
  • a collecting device can be provided for a plurality of functional elements, and the collected water can be forwarded to the individual functional elements.
  • each functional element has a collecting device.
  • an additional irrigation device completely eliminated or only in case of need, an additional irrigation, for example, by filling the collecting device with water or pouring the functional position, made so that the wall gets along even without expensive means for irrigation.
  • the main body of the functional element is advantageously designed as a box or frame. Due to the fact that the base body is designed dimensionally stable, no supporting structures or the like are required in the interior of the base body, so that the interior is completely available as a functional space, for example for a substrate layer for the functional layer and / or for soundproofing measures.
  • the plant functional layer is advantageously a moss layer. However, layers of other plants, for example sedum, can also be used as the functional layer.
  • the plant functional layer binds fine dust. At the same time CO 2 bound, so that the air quality is improved.
  • the plant function also causes a sound reduction.
  • the collecting device is designed as a rain collecting channel.
  • the side walls of the rain collecting channel form in particular a downwardly funnel-shaped decreasing cross-section.
  • a rain gutter can easily be integrated at the top of the body.
  • the collecting device advantageously extends along the upper side of the upper functional elements.
  • the collecting device may be provided as a continuous rain collecting channel which extends over the posts.
  • the collecting device is arranged in each case only on the upper side of one of the upper functional elements and is interrupted by the posts of the wall. This achieves a simple construction.
  • the gutter shape of the rain gutter allows, in conjunction with a correspondingly shaped underside of the functional elements a positive connection of the functional elements in a direction perpendicular to the plane spanned by the posts plane.
  • a collecting device is arranged on the upper side of all functional elements.
  • the upper side of the lower functional elements is not exposed to the rain, so that the collecting device can be functionless here, as far as the collecting device does not extend laterally beyond the main body.
  • all functional elements can be made identical.
  • Excess accumulated water of the upper functional element is advantageously forwarded by the irrigation device to the or the underlying functional elements.
  • the projection of the collecting device over the longitudinal side of the functional elements increases from top to bottom. As a result, a uniform irrigation of all functional layers can be achieved.
  • a simple design results when the connecting the upper support section and the lower support profile connecting element is a side facing away from the functional side of the functional element.
  • the longitudinal side thus forms the rear wall of the functional element.
  • the wall is a noise barrier, and on the side facing away from the functional position of the functional element, a cavity is formed. It has been found that an improved noise protection effect is achieved by the additional cavity on the side facing away from the functional side, since sound enters the cavity on the substrate layer, is reflected on the longitudinal side and is further attenuated by the substrate layer. It can also be provided that the longitudinal side connecting the upper side and the lower side is the functional side.
  • the upper side and the lower side are connected to one another by at least one transverse side extending on a post.
  • the main body is advantageous in this case as a frame, for example, formed similar to a window frame.
  • Such a body is advantageously constructed of extruded profiles or pultruded profiles.
  • the collecting device for collecting rainwater can be integrated directly.
  • the frame may have functional layers on one or both longitudinal sides.
  • the collecting device projects laterally beyond the functional side and the main body.
  • the collecting device advantageously extends obliquely upward from the functional side, so that sound is reflected obliquely downward toward the ground. This improves the sound insulation. Is particularly advantageous to the Bottom of the collecting device arranged a sound-absorbing layer.
  • the sound-absorbing layer is advantageously glued to the collecting device.
  • another attachment may be advantageous.
  • a structure of the collecting device with a dimensionally stable frame, in which the sound-absorbing layer is arranged and the top serves to collect rainwater, may be advantageous.
  • the wall comprises a sunshade device.
  • the sun protection device By the sun protection device, the dehydration of the plant functional position is reduced in strong sunlight.
  • the sun protection device is at least partially formed by the collecting device.
  • the sun protection device may be formed for example by inclined side walls of the rain collecting device, which protrude beyond the longitudinal side of the functional element. Due to the extension of the inclined side walls on the longitudinal side of the functional element also increases the amount of rainwater collected.
  • a sunshade for the rain collecting channel may be provided, which may be formed, for example, as the rain collecting channel in its central region overlapping roof to protect the rain collecting channel from drying by sunlight.
  • a sound-absorbing layer is arranged on the sun protection device.
  • the sun protection device advantageously extends obliquely upward from the base body.
  • the sound-absorbing layer is advantageously designed and fixed in accordance with the sound-absorbing layer described above for the collecting device.
  • the lower functional element has a drainage channel for rainwater.
  • the gutter is advantageously integrated into the lower support profile of the body.
  • the gutter can be disposed of the functional position washed out, bound particulate matter into the sewer. It can also be provided that the rainwater can drain through the gutter down into the ground.
  • the lower support profile of a functional element protrudes into the upper support profile of an underlying functional element and thereby positions the upper functional element in at least one direction relative to the underlying functional element.
  • a simple positioning of the functional elements to each other can be achieved via the support profiles. This results in a simple structure.
  • a portion of a collecting device can be arranged, the contour of which advantageously corresponds to the support profiles.
  • the functional layer may be inclined to the vertical on the wall.
  • the entire functional element is preferably arranged inclined to the vertical. This can be achieved in a simple manner by tilting the posts of the wall.
  • one or more functional elements are arranged obliquely on the posts.
  • the inclination of the functional elements relative to the posts can be adjustable. The adjustment can be done manually. However, it may also be an automated adjustment, for example, depending on the sunlight and / or the precipitation, be provided. It can be provided that all functional elements are adjustable together. However, it may also be advantageous if the inclination for each functional element is individually adjustable.
  • the wall has openings through which air can flow.
  • the openings may be formed, for example, in that instead of individual functional elements, only frames with the outer dimensions of a functional element are arranged on the wall.
  • the Form wall by individual, mutually separate wall sections, which are each inclined to the longitudinal direction of the wall, so that there is a louver-like course of the wall in plan view of the wall.
  • the wall sections may be inclined, for example, to the roadside.
  • each wall section may be formed by two posts and functional elements arranged therebetween. Even with louver-like inclination of the functional elements to each other openings between the functional elements are formed, can flow through the air. As a result, the flow of the functional layer is improved with fine-dust-laden air and thereby reduces the particulate pollution.
  • the wall has a heating device for heating the functional layer.
  • Plant functional layers are not active at low temperatures, especially in the freezing point. In order to achieve a reduction of the particulate matter load even at low temperatures, it is intended to heat the functional layer at low temperatures. The heating takes place only up to a temperature at which the functional position is active, in particular to just above the freezing point.
  • the heater is advantageously formed by textile material. Such textiles heat up slightly with low current flow.
  • the textile material is advantageously arranged between functional layer and substrate layer, so that an effective heating of the functional layer is achieved.
  • the energy for the operation of the heater can be obtained in an advantageous design by photovoltaic.
  • One or more photovoltaic elements are advantageously arranged on the wall, in particular on a collecting device or sun protection device.
  • the wall can be placed, for example, on a road or a railway line.
  • individual functional elements are used separately.
  • one or more functional elements can be fastened to an existing noise protection wall, for example on a road or a railway line.
  • an attachment for example, on facades, guard rails, tunnel walls or the like. May be advantageous. Characterized in that the functional elements have a dimensionally stable body and thus are self-supporting and have a collecting device for collecting rainwater, so that no connection to a water supply must be provided, a diverse use is possible.
  • the functional elements reduce the fine dust load and at the same time improve the sound insulation.
  • a support structure for the functional position is provided, with which the functional layer is held on the base body.
  • a substrate layer is held, on which the functional layer is arranged.
  • the substrate layer advantageously serves to store and forward the collected rainwater.
  • irrigation of the functional layer is achieved in a simple manner. It has been shown that the substrate layer also causes a reduction in noise, so that the wall simultaneously serves as a noise protection wall to reduce the particulate matter load.
  • the substrate layer itself forms the support structure for the functional layer and ensures the position of the functional layer.
  • the substrate layer may consist of several layers, which may have different structures.
  • the substrate layer must not be dimensionally stable, especially in inner layers spaced apart from the functional layer, but may also consist of bulk material or the like, which is held in position by suitable means.
  • an additional or alternative support structure is provided for the functional position.
  • the plant functional layer can be applied directly to a support structure, for example a fleece or the like.
  • a support structure may also be a grid or the like.
  • holders are arranged on the upper and lower support profile of the base body, which fix the substrate layer. The holders are advantageously arranged in the interior of the base body.
  • a simple construction results when at least one holder is formed on an extruded profile, a pultruded profile or a folded sheet metal.
  • the holder can be made simple and economical and at the same time increase the stability of the functional element.
  • the holders can be formed by separate profiles or be formed on already existing profiles, which advantageously form the body.
  • the profiles may be made of plastic, in particular of glass fiber reinforced plastic, or of metal, in particular of aluminum.
  • the substrate layer is divided into several sections.
  • the individual sections are advantageously individually interchangeable. As a result, the expense of replacing individual regions of a substrate layer can be kept low.
  • the functional layer is fixed to the substrate layer itself, in particular grown into it. Due to the subdivision of the substrate layer and thus also the functional position into several sections, a different planting of different areas of the functional layer is possible in a simple manner.
  • the watering device has at least one barrier layer which permits the passage of water from the top to the bottom hinders the functional element.
  • at least one water reservoir is provided, which temporarily stores the collected rainwater.
  • the water reservoir is in contact with the substrate layer so that the substrate layer can suck water out of the water reservoir and convey it into areas above the water reservoir.
  • the barrier layer is formed on a water reservoir. The water reservoir is advantageously formed channel-shaped, and the bottom of the channel forms the barrier layer.
  • Fig. 1 shows a wall 1, which serves to reduce the fine dust pollution.
  • the wall 1 also serves as a noise barrier.
  • the wall 1 is constructed of posts 2, which are arranged at a regular distance from each other. The posts are approximately vertically aligned and anchored in the ground.
  • the posts 2 are designed as I-beam.
  • the post 2 are held. In each case several, in the exemplary embodiment four functional elements 3 are arranged one above the other. If the posts 2 are designed as I-beams, then the functional elements 3 advantageously protrude into the longitudinal grooves of the I-beams and are thereby fixed in the horizontal direction to the posts 2.
  • the functional elements 3 have in the embodiment shown an elongated, rectangular shape.
  • the wall 1 is placed on a road 30.
  • the functional elements 3 have a functional layer 9, which is arranged on the side facing the road 30.
  • the functional layer 9 is a plant functional layer, in the exemplary embodiment a moss layer.
  • other plant functional layers 9, for example from Sedum, can also be used.
  • the plant functional layer 9 absorbs the fine dust the air.
  • the functional layer 9 causes a binding of carbon dioxide. It has also been shown that noise is reduced by the functional layer 9.
  • the wall 1 has a collecting device 10 for collecting rainwater.
  • the collecting device 10 is arranged on the upper side, that is to say the side of the wall 1 arranged at the top in the installed position. However, the collecting device 10 can also protrude laterally beyond the functional layer 9.
  • Fig. 2 shows the design of a functional element 3 in detail. Particularly advantageously, all functional elements 3 are formed identically, so that a simple production and a simple construction of the wall 1 results.
  • the functional element 3 has a base body 5, which is dimensionally stable.
  • the main body 5 has an upper support profile 6, which is arranged on the upper side of the functional element 3, a lower support profile 7, which is arranged on the underside of the functional element 3, and a longitudinal side 8, which connects the upper support section 6 and the lower support section 7 ,
  • the longitudinal side 8 forms the rear 30 of the functional element 9 facing away from the road.
  • the upper side is the side arranged in the installed position at the top and the underside is the side arranged in the installed position at the bottom.
  • the functional element 3 On the side facing away from the longitudinal side 8, the road 30 facing side, the functional element 3 has a functional side 4, on which the functional layer 9 is arranged.
  • the main body 5 does not extend in the embodiment in the range of the functional position 9.
  • the main body 5 has thereby in cross-section an approximately C-shaped configuration.
  • Adjacent to the lower support section 7, a lower holder 18 is provided.
  • a substrate layer 13 is arranged, which extends over a majority of the thickness and substantially over the entire height of the main body 5.
  • the substrate layer 13 is held between the holders 17 and 18.
  • the holders 17 and 18 are fixed by the base body 5 and have webs 27 which project approximately vertically downwards or upwards. Between two webs 27 of a holder 17, 18 projects the substrate layer thirteenth
  • the collecting device 10 is designed as a rain collecting channel 20, in the bottom of which irrigation openings 12 are provided, through which collected rainwater can pass into the substrate layer 13 arranged below the irrigation openings 12 in the interior of the main body 5.
  • the irrigation openings 12 may be formed, for example, circular or oblong.
  • the number and size of the irrigation openings 12 are advantageously chosen suitably.
  • the substrate layer 13 is interrupted in the embodiment of two barrier layers 14. A different number of barrier layers 14 may also be advantageous.
  • the barrier layers 14 extend in the embodiment between the posts 2 horizontally. The barrier layers 14 hinder the passage of water from the upper support section 6 to the lower support section 7 through the substrate layer 13.
  • the barrier layers 14 are formed on in cross-section approximately H-shaped profiles.
  • the barrier layers 14 are impermeable to water in the exemplary embodiment.
  • the middle web of the profiles forms the barrier layer 14, which obstructs the flow of rainwater in the direction of the underside 17.
  • the lateral webs rest against the outer sides of the substrate layer 14 and, together with the central web, form a water reservoir 21 in which rainwater can collect in the substrate layer 13.
  • the upper edges of the lateral webs of the barrier layer 14 form overflow edges 23 and 24, can drain over the excess rainwater down.
  • the overflow edge 24 is arranged adjacent to the functional layer 9 and the overflow edge 23 at a distance from the longitudinal side 8. The position of the overflow edges 23 and 24 relative to the associated barrier layer 14 determines how much water can be collected in the water reservoirs 21.
  • three water storage 21 are provided.
  • a different number of water reservoirs 21 may also be advantageous.
  • the number and the distance of the water storage 21 and the barrier layers 14 is advantageously adapted to the substrate layer 13 suitably chosen.
  • the lower water reservoir 21 is formed on the lower holder 18.
  • Each section of the substrate layer 13 projects with its lower region into a water reservoir 21.
  • water stored in the water reservoir 21 can be sucked upwards from the substrate layer 13.
  • the vertical distance The barrier layers 14 to each other is advantageously selected so that the Kapilar Sign in the substrate layer 13 is sufficiently large to suck water to approximately the overlying barrier layer 14 in order to achieve a uniform humidification of the functional layer 9.
  • the individual, separated by the barrier layers 14 sections of the substrate layer 13 are individually interchangeable.
  • the individual sections of the substrate layer 13 can be pulled out behind the overflow edges 24 or webs 27 and exchanged for new sections of the substrate layer 13.
  • a combination of different functional layers 9, for example different mosses is possible in a simple manner by combining differently planted sections of substrate layers 13.
  • Fig. 2 is also a heater 31 shown schematically, which may be provided for heating the functional layer 9.
  • the heating device 31 may be provided to heat the functional layer to a temperature at which the plants are active.
  • the heating device is advantageously arranged between the functional layer 9 and the substrate layer 13.
  • the heater is advantageously a textile that heats up at low electrical current flow through the textile.
  • a voltage source 32 is provided whose arrangement and design in Fig. 2 is shown only schematically.
  • the required electrical energy can be provided in a particularly advantageous design by photovoltaic elements, which at the top of the wall 1, in particular on the sunshade element 19, are arranged.
  • the heater 31 may also be connected to another voltage source 32.
  • the collecting device 10 is formed.
  • the irrigation openings 12 form, together with the substrate layer 13, the water reservoir 21 and the barrier layers 14, an irrigation device 11 for the functional layer 9.
  • a sun protection device 19 may be formed at the rain collecting channel 20 at the rain collecting channel 20, a sun protection device 19 may be formed.
  • the sunshade device 19 may be formed by a laterally over the main body 5 and the functional layer 9 projecting sheet that lie in extension to an inclined side wall of the rain collecting channel 20 or may be inclined to this and the functional layer 9 at least partially shaded.
  • the sunshade device 19 is arranged above the functional side 4.
  • no sun protection device 19 is advantageously provided.
  • the sun protection device 19 can catch rainwater and guide it to the rain collecting channel 20.
  • the sunshade device 19 thus forms part of the collecting device 10.
  • the support profiles 6 and 7 are formed from folded sheets 25.
  • the holders 17 and 18 are advantageously formed as an extruded profile or pultruded profile, preferably made of aluminum or glass fiber reinforced plastic.
  • the support profiles 6 and 7 may be extruded profiles or pultruded profiles.
  • the longitudinal side 8 is formed by a sheet 29. Between the sheet 29 and the substrate layer 13, a cavity 15 is formed.
  • the substrate layer 13 has to the longitudinal side 8 forming sheet 29 in the embodiment, a distance which is equal at each point of the substrate layer 13.
  • the cavity 15 serves to improve the noise protection properties.
  • the sheet 29 may rest against the substrate layer 13 on the longitudinal side 8.
  • the main body 5 has an opening which extends over a large part of the functional side 4 of the functional element 3.
  • the functional layer 9, namely the moss layer, is thereby freely accessible on the substrate layer 13 arranged in the interior of the main body 5.
  • the functional layer 9 is covered by a wide mesh or grid or a perforated plate with large perforation to improve the fixation of the functional layer 9 and / or to shadow the functional layer 9 and excessive drying of the functional layer 9 avoid.
  • an overflow edge 23 is formed adjacent to the substrate layer 13 at a web 27 on the holder 18, can flow through the collected water on the holder 18 of the substrate layer 13 away in a gutter 22.
  • the gutter 22 is formed on the lower holder 18.
  • the gutter 22 may also be formed on the lower support section 7.
  • Fig. 2 shows the inclination of the side walls of the rain collecting channel 20 about the inclination of the side walls of the lower support section 7.
  • the functional elements 3 can be stacked so that in each case a lower support section 7 of an upper functional element 3 in the formed on the upper support section 6 collecting device 10 of underlying functional element 3 protrudes.
  • the support profiles 6 and 7 thereby cause a positive positioning of the functional elements 3 to each other in a direction perpendicular to the functional layers 9.
  • the support profiles 6 and 7 thus form a tongue and groove profile.
  • Fig. 3 shows the design of the collecting device 10 for rainwater in detail.
  • the upper support section 6 of the functional element 3 has on its upper side two funnel-shaped mutually inclined side walls 26. The distance of the side walls 26 is thereby reduced downwards.
  • the side walls 26 form with a bottom 28, the rain collecting channel 20. At the bottom 28 a plurality of irrigation openings 12 is advantageously provided.
  • the sunshade device 19 is arranged so that rain striking the sunshade device 19 runs into the rain collecting channel 20.
  • the sunshade device 19 forms part of the collecting device 10.
  • an active irrigation in particular by additional casting of the functional layer 6 or by filling water into the rain collecting channel 20, can be provided.
  • water for example from a water basin arranged on the underside of the wall 1, is preferably pumped upwards to the collecting device 10.
  • some or all other underlying collecting devices 10 water can be supplied. Excess water is advantageously passed down and collected in the pool.
  • a sound-absorbing layer 16 is arranged on the underside of the sunshade device 19, which in Fig. 3 is shown schematically. Due to the inclination of the sunshade device 19, sound is transmitted to the sunshade device 19 in the direction of the road 30 (FIG. Fig. 1 ) reflected. The sound-absorbing properties of the wall 1 can be further improved by the sound-absorbing layer 16.
  • the sound-absorbing layer 16 may be glued to the sunshade device 19, for example, or fixed in another suitable manner. It can also be provided to construct the sunshade device 19 in the manner of a cassette in which the sound-absorbing material of the layer 16 is held.
  • the sound absorbing layer 16 may be, for example, a porous mat or the like. Any other design of the sound-absorbing layer 16 may be advantageous.
  • Fig. 4 shows an embodiment of a functional element 33.
  • the design of the functional element 33 can largely correspond to the design of the functional element 3.
  • the functional element 33 differs from the functional element 3 in the structure of the main body 35.
  • the functional element 33 has a main body 35, which is designed as a closed, approximately rectangular frame, similar to a window frame.
  • the main body 35 is constructed from an upper support profile 36 and a lower support profile 37, which are connected to each other via two side rails 38.
  • the side rails 38 extend on transverse sides 39 of the functional element 33.
  • the posts 2 are advantageously formed from laterally open I-beams, and the side rails 38 extend at least partially in the I-beams.
  • the functional layer 9 can be arranged in the main body 35 or on the main body 35.
  • the functional layer 9 is arranged on a substrate layer 13, which is held in the base body 35.
  • the holders 17 and 18 for the substrate layer 13 are advantageously integrated into the carrier profiles 36 and 37.
  • the collecting device 10, the sunshade device 19 and / or the gutter 22 can be advantageously integrated into the support profiles 36 and 37.
  • the support profiles 36, 37 and the side rails 38 of the functional element 33 are advantageously designed as extruded profiles or pultruded profiles.
  • the extruded profiles can advantageously consist of aluminum or glass fiber reinforced (GFRP) or carbon fiber reinforced (CFRP) plastic.
  • Fig. 5 shows an embodiment of a wall 41 for reducing the particulate matter load.
  • the wall 41 has two posts 2, between which six functional elements 43 are arranged one above the other.
  • the posts 2 are formed as I-profile, and the functional elements 43 are guided in the groove-shaped longitudinal sides of the post 2.
  • the functional elements 43 each have an upper support profile 6 and a lower support profile 7.
  • the same reference numerals designate corresponding elements in all embodiments.
  • the lower support section 7 of a functional element 43 projects in each case into the upper support section 6 of the underlying functional element 43.
  • Wie Fig. 6 shows, the support profiles 6 and 7 form a positive connection in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the wall 41.
  • the support profiles 6 and 7 are formed in the manner of a tongue and groove profile.
  • FIG. 6 shows the wall 41 without the front post 2.
  • a collection device 50 for collecting rainwater of the wall 41 is shown.
  • the collecting device 50 is in Fig. 5 not shown.
  • the collecting device 50 comprises a plurality of collecting elements 51 to 57.
  • Two collecting elements 51 are on upper functional element 43 is arranged.
  • On the lower side of the upper functional element 43 two collecting elements 52 are provided.
  • the collecting elements 53 to 57 are each arranged on the underside of the underlying functional elements 43.
  • each three barrier layers 44 are provided for each functional element 43.
  • the lower barrier layer 44 is arranged adjacent to the lower support profile 7.
  • the individual sections 62 of the functional elements 43 which are separated by the barrier layers 44 are advantageously individually exchangeable.
  • Fig. 7 shows, have the upper collecting elements 51 to the outside of the main body 45 of the functional element 43 a supernatant a.
  • the underlying collecting elements 52 have a projection b, the underlying collecting elements 53 a supernatant c, the underlying collecting elements 54 a supernatant d, the underlying collecting elements 55 a supernatant e, the underlying collecting elements 56 a supernatant f and the lower collecting elements 57 a supernatant g.
  • the supernatant increases a to g of the collecting elements 51 to the collecting elements 57 continuously. As a result, sufficient rainwater can still be collected in the lower collecting elements 57.
  • the lower collecting elements 57 are arranged on the underside of the wall 41 and serve advantageously to supply the collected and flushed out of the functional layers 9 from the rain particulate matter of the sewer system.
  • a drainage channel 42 is formed on the underside of the wall 41, which advantageously supplies the collected water to the sewer.
  • the collecting elements 51 to 56 form on the side of the wall 41, on which the functional layers 9 are arranged, at the same time a sunscreen for the functional layers.
  • a sound-absorbing layer 16 may be arranged, as in Fig. 7 is shown schematically for the collecting element 51.
  • the sound-absorbing layer 16 is preferably arranged on the side of the wall 41, on which the functional layer 9 is arranged.
  • a water reservoir is advantageously provided, from which the water is pumped to the top of the wall 41, in particular into the upper collecting elements 51.
  • the lower collecting elements 57 are preferably provided.
  • the lower collecting elements 57 may be formed trough-shaped for this purpose.
  • another embodiment of the water reservoir for active irrigation may also be advantageous. The fact that the collected water is pumped up for active irrigation, a cycle is formed. It can also be provided that water is pumped into some or all of the further collecting elements 52 to 56.
  • Fig. 8 shows on the embodiment of a functional element 43, at the top of the collecting elements 55 are arranged, two collecting elements 55 are connected to each other via a rain collecting channel 60. This is also in Fig. 9 visible.
  • the rain collecting channel 60 is inserted into the upper support section 6 and formed from a folded sheet metal.
  • the functional elements 43 can thereby be of identical design and differ only in the design of the respective collecting elements 51 to 57 arranged between superposed functional elements 43 and on the upper side and the lower side of the wall 41.
  • Fig. 8 also shows the arrangement of the three barrier layers 44.
  • the three barrier layers 44 are arranged at a vertical distance h to each other.
  • the distance between the upper support profile 6 and the underlying barrier layer 44 and the distance h between stacked barrier layers 44 is advantageously the same.
  • the distance h may be, for example, in the range of 10 cm to 1 m, in particular in the range of 15 cm to 50 cm, for example about 20 cm.
  • a stiffening beam 46 is arranged on both sides of the transverse sides of the functional elements 43 adjacent to the functional layer 9. In Fig. 8 only one of the stiffening struts 46 is visible.
  • the stiffening beams 46 connect the upper and lower support profile 6, 7 and form with the support profiles 6 and 7 and with the longitudinal side. 8 a main body 45 of the functional elements 43. Like Fig. 8 also shows, in each case adjacent to a barrier layer 44, an overflow 47 is provided, below which a water reservoir 48 is arranged. The design of overflow 47 and water storage 48 will be explained in more detail below.
  • Fig. 9 shows 43 intermediate layers 49 are provided between the posts 2 and the functional elements, which can serve for the play-free fixation of the functional elements 43 to the post 2.
  • the collecting elements 51 are shown.
  • the other collecting elements 52 to 57 are advantageously identical and each made in one piece with a rain collecting channel 60 which connects the two arranged at a height collecting elements 51 to 57.
  • the rain collecting channel 60 corresponds in shape and size advantageously about the top of the upper support section 6 and is inserted into this.
  • the rain collecting channel 60 has openings 12.
  • Corresponding openings 12 are provided in the underlying support profile 6, so that in the rain collecting channel 60 accumulated rainwater can flow into the interior of the main body 45.
  • the rain collecting channel 60 is not formed on the upper support profile 6, but separately and in one piece with the collecting elements.
  • the functional element 43 has an upper holder 67 and a lower holder 68.
  • the upper holder 67 is disposed in the base body 45 adjacent to the upper support section 6 and the lower holder 68 in the base body 45 adjacent to the lower support profile 7. Between the holders 67 and 68 extends a substrate layer 13.
  • the holder 67 and 68 have this function to the position 9 a horizontal distance, so are set back relative to the functional layer 9 in the main body 45.
  • a vertical web 61 which has an overflow edge 64, is formed on the side facing the functional layer 9.
  • the vertical web 61 forms a water reservoir 21 with the overflow 47.
  • a portion of the substrate layer 13 in each case projects into the water reservoir 21, so that collected water flows from the water reservoir 21.
  • Substrate layer 13 can be sucked up from the water tank 21.
  • a corresponding water reservoir 21 is also formed on the lower holder 68.
  • the web 61 has the functional position 9 a horizontal distance i. As a result, the material of the web 61 does not come into contact with the functional layer 9. This is considered particularly advantageous if the web 61 is made of metal.
  • the substrate layer 13 extends into the region between the web 61 and the functional layer 9, so that the functional layer 9 is advantageously arranged approximately over the entire height of the functional element 43 on the substrate layer 13.
  • An overflow edge 64 is formed on the web 61, via which water from the water reservoir 21 can flow into the region of the substrate layer 13 arranged adjacent to the functional layer 9.
  • the overflow 47 is formed as a bent, inclined sheet metal, which forms an overflow edge 63 on the upwardly projecting, arranged in the cavity 15 longitudinal edge. Water can also flow out of the water reservoir 21 via the overflow edge 63. About the vertical distance of the overflow edges 63 and 64 to the barrier layer 44, the amount of water to be collected in the water tank 21 can be adjusted.
  • a water reservoir 48 is arranged in the cavity 15 formed between substrate layer 13 and longitudinal side 8.
  • the water reservoir 48 is advantageously formed as a bent sheet and stores the overflowed water to slowly deliver it to the underlying region of the substrate layer 13.
  • the water reservoir 48 advantageously on a plurality of openings, not shown.
  • a cascade-like irrigation of the substrate layer 13 is achieved from top to bottom.
  • an overflow edge 64 is formed, through which the water can flow into the lower support section 7.
  • the lower support section 7 of the lowermost functional element 43 advantageously forms a drainage channel 42.
  • the drainage channel 42 which advantageously also has openings, discharges the water into the upper support profile 6 of the underlying functional element 43. It can also be provided to arrange the gutter laterally of the lower region of the substrate layer 13.
  • the substrate layer 13 is divided into three superposed portions 62.
  • the sections 62 may advantageously have a height of 5 cm to 20 cm.
  • the substrate layer 13 is also divided into several sections in the longitudinal direction.
  • Each portion 62 of the substrate layer 13 has at its top and at the bottom thereof a respective longitudinal slot 58 in which an overflow edge 64 of a barrier layer 44 or a holder 67 or 68 engages.
  • the sections 62 can thereby be removed individually and replaced by a new section 62 of a substrate layer 13.
  • the new section 62 is for this purpose at the overflow edges 64 and the holder 67 or the holder 68 is knotted.
  • a schematically shown heating device 31 is provided in the embodiment, which is advantageously formed as a textile material.
  • the heater 31 is connected via a in Fig. 10 schematically shown, arranged at the top of the collecting element 55 photovoltaic element 34 is energized.
  • a photovoltaic element 34 is arranged only on the collecting element 55 facing the functional layer 9.
  • a photovoltaic element 34 can also be arranged on the opposite collecting element 55.
  • a photovoltaic element 34 can be arranged, in particular in the region not shaded by the overlying collecting element 51 to 56.
  • the heating device 31 heats the functional layer 9 at temperatures at which the functional layer 9 is not active to temperatures at which the functional layer 9 is active.
  • the heating device 31 can also be supplied with energy via a battery, a rechargeable battery, the power grid or another suitable energy source.
  • the energy source, in particular the at least one photovoltaic element 34, can also be provided to supply the irrigation device 11, in particular an electric pump of the irrigation device 11, with energy.
  • the rain collecting channel 60 is formed with the collecting elements 55 in one piece from a folded sheet.
  • the upper support profile 6 is made of a metal sheet 25th formed, and the holder 67 is also formed in the embodiment as a folded sheet.
  • the sheets are connected to each other, for example by rivets.
  • the openings 12 extend through the rain collecting channel 60, the upper support section 6 and the upper holder 67, so that collected water can penetrate into the substrate layer 13.
  • a sheet 29 is fixed, which forms the longitudinal side 8.
  • the lower support section 7 is formed by a folded plate 25 to which the holder 68 and the plate 29 are fixed. This results in a cross-sectionally approximately C-shaped frame.
  • the support profiles 6 and 7 Adjacent to the functional layer 9, the support profiles 6 and 7 by hollow sections, in the exemplary embodiment square sections, connected to each other, which form the stiffening struts 46.
  • the plates 25 and 29 form with the stiffening beams 46, the dimensionally stable body 45th
  • Length and angle of the collecting elements 51 to 57 are advantageously adapted to the location of the functional elements 43. It may be advantageous to arrange photovoltaic elements on the collecting elements 51 to 57, in particular on the upper collecting elements 51.
  • the photovoltaic elements can be used in particular to provide energy for additional active irrigation of the functional layers.
  • Fig. 13 shows an embodiment of a functional element 73, which differs from the functional element 43 by the design of the water reservoir 78 arranged in the cavity 15.
  • the water storage 78 is in the embodiment according to Fig. 13 formed integrally with an overflow 59, which adjoins the water reservoir 21.
  • the overflow 59 has an overflow edge 63, via which the water can flow into the water reservoir 78.
  • the water reservoir 78 is channel-shaped and has a distance to the substrate layer 13. Water from the water reservoir 78 can reach the substrate layer 13 by suitable arrangement of openings in the water reservoir 78 or directly into the underlying water reservoir 78 or the associated overflow 59 and from there into the associated water reservoir 21 stream. This also makes it possible to achieve a cascade-like irrigation of the entire substrate layer 13.
  • the overflow 59 is formed with the water reservoir 78 by a cross-sectionally approximately Z-shaped sheet metal.
  • Fig. 14 shows an embodiment of a functional element 83, which has functional layers 9 on both longitudinal sides.
  • the substrate layer 13 extends over the entire width of the functional element 83.
  • barrier layers 84 are provided, at the ends of each perpendicular webs 81 are arranged.
  • the upper sides of the webs 81 form overflow edges 85.
  • the webs 81 together with the barrier layers 84 form water reservoirs 21.
  • the webs 81 each have a spacing relative to the functional layers 9.
  • the upper support section 6 and the lower support section 7 are connected in the embodiment by a total of four arranged on the vertical edges of the functional element 83 stiffening struts 46, which in Fig. 14 are indicated by dashed line.
  • the stiffening beams 46 are advantageously formed as hollow sections, in particular hollow sections with a rectangular cross-section.
  • the width of the cross members 46 corresponds approximately to the distance i of the webs 81 to the adjacent functional layer 9. This achieves a simple and compact construction and prevents the functional layer 8 from coming into contact with the material of the webs 81.
  • Fig. 15 shows an embodiment of a wall 91, which is composed of posts 92 and between the posts 92 extending functional elements 93.
  • the functional elements 93 and the posts 92 are arranged inclined.
  • the functional layers 9 extend to the vertical S at an angle a.
  • the angle a is advantageously structurally fixed by the inclination of the posts 92.
  • the functional elements 93 are inclined so that the functional layers face upward.
  • a tilt in the opposite direction such that the functional layers facing down, but may be advantageous.
  • Fig. 16 shows an embodiment of a wall 101, which is constructed of vertically arranged posts 102, on which functional elements 103 are arranged.
  • the Functional elements 103 extend at an angle ⁇ with respect to the posts 102.
  • the angle ⁇ is adjustable, so that the functional layers 9 of the functional elements 103 can be suitably aligned.
  • the angle ⁇ can be individually adjustable for all functional elements 103 or for each functional element 103.
  • the functional elements 103 can also be brought into a position in which the functional layers 9 point obliquely downwards. This can be particularly advantageous in order to achieve improved irrigation of the substrate layers 13 in the rain or to protect the functional layers 9 from the sun.
  • the adjustment of the functional elements 13 can be done manually or automatically by a corresponding drive.
  • Fig. 17 shows an embodiment of a wall 111, which is composed of individual wall sections 114.
  • Each wall section 114 comprises several, in the exemplary embodiment two posts 112, between which functional elements 113 are held.
  • the functional elements 113 may be designed in accordance with the functional elements of the preceding embodiments.
  • the wall 111 is disposed on a road 30 and has a longitudinal direction 115 which is parallel to the road 30.
  • the individual wall sections 114 are inclined relative to the longitudinal direction 115 by an angle ⁇ .
  • a post 112 is disposed adjacent to the road 30 and the other post 112 at a greater distance from the road 30. This results in a jalousie arrangement in plan view. Between the individual wall sections 114 openings 116 are formed through which air can flow.
  • the flow of the functional layers 9 is improved with feinstaubbelasteter air.
  • the inclination may result in a deterioration of the sound reduction.
  • individual functional elements can be replaced by frames which allow a free flow of air in order to improve the flow of the adjacent functional layers 9.
  • the functional elements 3, 33, 43, 73, 83, 93, 103 are open so that the plant functional layer 9 is exchangeable.
  • the functional layer 9 can be pushed at its edge under the support profiles 6 and 7 and be pulled out for replacement under the support profiles 6, 7.
  • the substrate layer 13 may be constructed in all embodiments of several different layers. In this case, all the layers of the substrate layer 13 may be dimensionally stable and may be formed, for example, as a non-woven, mat or the like. However, it can also be provided that the substrate layer 13 is at least partially formed by bulk material, which is held in position by suitable means such as grids, nets or the like. Particularly preferred is a subdivision of the substrate layer 13 into a plurality of sections 62 which are individually exchangeable and which allow a simple planting of the portions 62 of a substrate layer 13, for example, to adapt to the sunlight in different areas. The individual sections 62 may, for example, have a dimension of 10 ⁇ 10 cm.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Devices Affording Protection Of Roads Or Walls For Sound Insulation (AREA)
  • Cultivation Receptacles Or Flower-Pots, Or Pots For Seedlings (AREA)
EP16739416.2A 2015-07-16 2016-07-16 Wand und funktionselement zur verringerung der feinstaubbelastung Active EP3322855B1 (de)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL16739416T PL3322855T3 (pl) 2015-07-16 2016-07-16 Ściana i element funkcyjny do redukcji obciążenia drobnym pyłem
SI201630531T SI3322855T1 (sl) 2015-07-16 2016-07-16 Stena in funkcijski element za zmanjšanje obremenitve s finim prahom

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102015009275.8A DE102015009275A1 (de) 2015-07-16 2015-07-16 Wand und Funktionselement zur Verringerung der Feinstaubbelastung
PCT/EP2016/001247 WO2017008914A1 (de) 2015-07-16 2016-07-16 Wand und funktionselement zur verringerung der feinstaubbelastung

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3322855A1 EP3322855A1 (de) 2018-05-23
EP3322855B1 true EP3322855B1 (de) 2019-09-11

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EP16739416.2A Active EP3322855B1 (de) 2015-07-16 2016-07-16 Wand und funktionselement zur verringerung der feinstaubbelastung

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EP (1) EP3322855B1 (zh)
CN (1) CN107849833B (zh)
DE (1) DE102015009275A1 (zh)
DK (1) DK3322855T3 (zh)
HK (1) HK1246376A1 (zh)
HU (1) HUE046626T2 (zh)
PL (1) PL3322855T3 (zh)
SI (1) SI3322855T1 (zh)
WO (1) WO2017008914A1 (zh)

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CN110063169B (zh) * 2019-04-28 2023-11-24 武汉市安友科技有限公司 一种垂直绿化墙结构
DE202020000276U1 (de) * 2020-01-23 2021-04-26 Ed. Züblin Aktiengesellschaft Begrüntes Funktionsmodul, Gebäude und Lärmschutzwand
CN112962492B (zh) * 2021-04-12 2021-12-31 广平县隆合新能源销售有限公司 一种马路除尘装置

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Publication number Publication date
WO2017008914A1 (de) 2017-01-19
HK1246376A1 (zh) 2018-09-07
PL3322855T3 (pl) 2020-03-31
HUE046626T2 (hu) 2020-03-30
DK3322855T3 (da) 2019-12-09
DE102015009275A1 (de) 2017-01-19
EP3322855A1 (de) 2018-05-23
SI3322855T1 (sl) 2020-01-31
CN107849833A (zh) 2018-03-27
CN107849833B (zh) 2020-03-20

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