Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
  • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
  • C22B3/00—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes
  • C22B3/04—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes by leaching
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
  • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
  • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
  • C02F1/26—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by extraction
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
  • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
  • C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
  • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
  • C22B3/00—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes
  • C22B3/04—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes by leaching
  • C22B3/06—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes by leaching in inorganic acid solutions, e.g. with acids generated in situ; in inorganic salt solutions other than ammonium salt solutions
  • C22B3/08—Sulfuric acid, other sulfurated acids or salts thereof
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
  • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
  • C22B3/00—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes
  • C22B3/04—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes by leaching
  • C22B3/16—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes by leaching in organic solutions
  • C22B3/1608—Leaching with acyclic or carbocyclic agents
  • C22B3/1616—Leaching with acyclic or carbocyclic agents of a single type
  • C22B3/165—Leaching with acyclic or carbocyclic agents of a single type with organic acids
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
  • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
  • C22B3/00—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes
  • C22B3/18—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes with the aid of microorganisms or enzymes, e.g. bacteria or algae
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
  • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
  • C22B60/00—Obtaining metals of atomic number 87 or higher, i.e. radioactive metals
  • C22B60/02—Obtaining thorium, uranium, or other actinides
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
  • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
  • C22B60/00—Obtaining metals of atomic number 87 or higher, i.e. radioactive metals
  • C22B60/02—Obtaining thorium, uranium, or other actinides
  • C22B60/0204—Obtaining thorium, uranium, or other actinides obtaining uranium
  • C22B60/0217—Obtaining thorium, uranium, or other actinides obtaining uranium by wet processes
  • C22B60/0221—Obtaining thorium, uranium, or other actinides obtaining uranium by wet processes by leaching
  • C22B60/0226—Obtaining thorium, uranium, or other actinides obtaining uranium by wet processes by leaching using acidic solutions or liquors
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
  • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
  • C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
  • C22B7/006—Wet processes
  • C22B7/007—Wet processes by acid leaching
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
  • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
  • C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
  • C22B7/02—Working-up flue dust
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
  • G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
  • G21C19/00—Arrangements for treating, for handling, or for facilitating the handling of, fuel or other materials which are used within the reactor, e.g. within its pressure vessel
  • G21C19/42—Reprocessing of irradiated fuel
  • G21C19/44—Reprocessing of irradiated fuel of irradiated solid fuel
  • G21C19/46—Aqueous processes, e.g. by using organic extraction means, including the regeneration of these means
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
  • G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
  • G21F9/00—Treating radioactively contaminated material; Decontamination arrangements therefor
  • G21F9/007—Recovery of isotopes from radioactive waste, e.g. fission products
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
  • G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
  • G21F9/00—Treating radioactively contaminated material; Decontamination arrangements therefor
  • G21F9/04—Treating liquids
  • G21F9/06—Processing
  • G21F9/12—Processing by absorption; by adsorption; by ion-exchange
  • G21F9/125—Processing by absorption; by adsorption; by ion-exchange by solvent extraction
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
  • G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
  • G21F9/00—Treating radioactively contaminated material; Decontamination arrangements therefor
  • G21F9/28—Treating solids
  • G21F9/30—Processing
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
  • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
  • C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
  • C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
  • C02F2101/20—Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds
  • C02F2101/22—Chromium or chromium compounds, e.g. chromates
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
  • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
  • C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
  • C02F2103/16—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from metallurgical processes, i.e. from the production, refining or treatment of metals, e.g. galvanic wastes
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
  • Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
  • Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
  • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
  • Y02P10/20—Recycling
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
  • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
  • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a process for separating radioactive elements from a mixture, wherein the mixture is treated with at least one alkanesulfonic acid and at least one further acid selected from the group consisting of hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, sulfamic acid and mixtures thereof, and the use of at least one alkanesulfonic acid and at least one further acid selected from the group consisting of hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, amidosulfonic acid and mixtures thereof for separating radioactive elements from mixtures containing them.
• the concentration of various radioactive metal cations present in the ores or ore concentrates is at a value as low as possible in order to avoid adverse effects on the health of the ore ore concentrate Avoid contact with people.
• US 2004/0129636 A1 discloses a process for the separation of metal cations, in particular of compounds containing chromium (VI) cations, from corresponding mixtures by a liquid-liquid extraction.
• the extractant used for this purpose is an aqueous composition containing at least one tertiary amine.
• WO 2007/0991 19 A1 discloses a process for the acid digestion of metal-containing compounds.
• a corresponding mixture with an aqueous leaching agent wherein the aqueous leaching agent comprises an alkanesulfonic acid and optionally sulfuric acid and / or a surfactant and / or a mixture of an alkanesulfonic acid salt and sulfuric acid and optionally a surfactant.
• the aqueous leaching agent comprises an alkanesulfonic acid and optionally sulfuric acid and / or a surfactant and / or a mixture of an alkanesulfonic acid salt and sulfuric acid and optionally a surfactant.
• copper, zinc, lanthanides, titanium, calcium difluoride, lead, molybdenum, antimony, bismuth, mercury, cobalt, nickel, aluminum, lanthanum or uranium containing mixtures can be digested.
• the object of the present invention over the prior art is to provide a method by which the concentration of radioactive elements in mixtures containing them, for example ores or ore concentrates, can be significantly reduced.
• the inventive method for separating radioactive elements from a mixture wherein the mixture with at least one alkane sulfonic acid and at least one other acid selected from the group consisting of hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, amidosulfonic acid and mixtures thereof.
• the objects are also achieved by the inventive use of at least one alkanesulfonic acid and at least one further acid selected from the group consisting of hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, sulfamic acid and mixtures thereof for separating radioactive elements from mixtures containing them.
• An advantage of the process according to the invention is that by treating mixtures, in particular ores, with at least one alkanesulfonic acid and at least one further acid selected from the group consisting of hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, amidosulfonic acid and mixtures thereof, the corresponding mixtures can be obtained. wherein the amount of radioactive elements according to the method of the invention is low enough that the treated mixtures can be further processed in compliance with existing legal requirements.
• ores or ore concentrates are preferably treated according to the invention.
• the present invention therefore preferably relates to the process according to the invention, wherein the mixture is an ore or an ore concentrate.
• Ores are generally obtained by miner mining of corresponding deposits.
• Ore concentrates are generally obtained from ores by separating one or more component (s).
• the ores to be treated according to the invention can originate from any source known to those skilled in the art, for example ores from underground deposits or open-pit mines.
• other mixtures comprising radioactive elements can also be treated by the process according to the invention, for example waste products or intermediates from other processes, such as the copper-containing pyrite burnings obtained in sulfuric acid production or filter dust or fly ash obtained in the exhaust air purification.
• the radioactive element is selected from the group consisting of uranium-238, thorium-230, radium-226, lead-210, polonium-210, uranium-235, palladium-231, thorium-227, radium 228, thorium-228 and mixtures thereof.
• further compounds or chemical elements preferably of mineral origin, are generally present.
• Corresponding compounds are, for example, oxides, hydroxides, phosphates, sulfates, sulfides, car- bonates, silicates, fluats, fluorides, chlorides, aluminates or mixtures thereof of metals or semimetals of the Periodic Table of the Elements.
• Corresponding elements are, for example, precious metals, which may be present in a solid state, in particular gold, silver, palladium or platinum.
• Particularly preferred compounds or chemical elements which are present in addition to the radioactive elements to be separated in the mixtures to be treated, in particular ores or ore concentrates, are selected from the group consisting of copper, iron, sulfur, copper sulfide, Al 2 0 3 , Si0 2 , CaO, K 2 O, MgO, BaO, U 3 O 8 , Ag, As, Cd, Pb, Zn and mixtures thereof.
• the desired product of the process according to the invention is preferably a mixture, in particular an ore, whose content of radioactive elements is so low that it is below certain maximum limits, for example by law prescribed maximum limits.
• the desired product of the process according to the invention contains radioactive elements, for example in an amount of less than 100 ppm by weight, more preferably less than 80 ppm by weight, more preferably less than 70 ppm by weight, in each case based on the main element of the decay series , z. Eg U238.
• the product of the process of the invention has radioactive elements in an amount of at least 1 ppb by weight.
• the preferred product of the process of the invention has a specific activity of less than 2.0, preferably less than 1.8, Bq per gram (Bq / g) of decay series radionuclide.
• a radioactive element or a mixture of different radioactive elements may be present.
• the mixture to be treated according to the invention in particular ore or ore concentrate, contains the radioactive elements to be separated in such an amount that the mixture to be treated has a radioactivity, in each case based on the individual elements, of 10 to 20, preferably 15 to 19, Bq / g, for example based on the elements U-238, Th-230, Ra- 226, Pb-210 or Po-210 or 0.05 to 2.0, preferably 0.1 to 1, 0 Bq / g, for example based on the elements U-235, Pa-231, Th-227, Ra-228 or Th-228.
• the abovementioned compounds and / or chemical elements are preferably present. If appropriate, further compounds and / or materials are also present in the mixture to be treated according to the invention.
• any alkanesulfonic acid known to those skilled in the art can be used according to the invention.
• the present invention relates to the process according to the invention, wherein the at least one alkanesulfonic acid is selected from the group consisting of cyclic, linear or branched alkanesulfonic acids whose alkyl radical has from 1 to 40 carbon atoms. Atoms have. These can be prepared by methods known to those skilled in the art, for example by sulfoxidation of the corresponding alkanes.
• alkanesulfonic acids with short-chain alkyl radicals having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, such as propyl, ethyl or methyl.
• methanesulfonic acid is used.
• the present invention therefore preferably relates to the process according to the invention, wherein methanesulfonic acid is used as alkanesulfonic acid.
• salts for example alkali metal salts, of the abovementioned sulfonic acids.
• At least one further acid selected from the group consisting of hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, sulfamic acid and mixtures thereof is used.
• Hydrochloric acid is very particularly preferred according to the invention.
• the present invention therefore particularly preferably relates to the process according to the invention, wherein the at least one further acid is hydrochloric acid.
• the at least one alkanesulfonic acid and the at least one further acid are used as aqueous compositions.
• the present invention therefore preferably relates to the process according to the invention, wherein the at least one alkanesulfonic acid and the at least one further acid are used as aqueous compositions.
• the at least one alkanesulfonic acid and the at least one further acid are used successively or together.
• the mixture to be treated is first treated with at least one alkanesulfonic acid and then with at least one further acid. It is also possible according to the invention that the mixture to be treated is first treated with at least one further acid and then with at least one alkanesulfonic acid.
• the present invention therefore preferably relates to the process according to the invention, wherein the mixture is treated first with at least one alkanesulfonic acid and then with at least one further acid.
• the present invention also preferably relates to the process according to the invention, wherein the mixture is first treated with at least one further acid and then with at least one alkanesulfonic acid.
• the at least one alkanesulfonic acid and the at least one further acid are used successively, these are preferably used as aqueous solutions.
• concentrations of the individual aqueous solutions may each have the values deemed suitable by the person skilled in the art.
• the aqueous solution of the at least one alkanesulfonic acid, in particular methanesulfonic acid preferably has a concentration of from 1 to 20% by weight, more preferably from 5 to 15% by weight, particularly preferably from 8 to 12% by weight, in each case based on the aqueous solution, on.
• the aqueous solution of the at least one further acid preferably has a concentration of from 0.5 to 2 mol / l, preferably from 0.75 to 1, 5 mol / l, very particularly preferably 1 mol / l , in each case based on the aqueous solution, on.
• the present invention very particularly preferably relates to the process according to the invention wherein an aqueous composition containing at least one alkanesulfonic acid, in particular methanesulfonic acid, and at least one further acid, in particular hydrochloric acid, is used.
• the mixture to be treated is treated simultaneously with at least one alkanesulfonic acid and at least one further acid.
• the present invention relates to the process according to the invention, wherein a composition is used which consists of at least one alkanesulfonic acid, preferably methanesulfonic acid, at least one further acid, preferably hydrochloric acid, and water.
• the aqueous composition for treating the mixture thus contains, in addition to water, at least one alkanesulfonic acid and at least one further acid, more preferably the aqueous composition consists of water, at least one alkanesulfonic acid and at least one further acid.
• the at least one alkanesulfonic acid and the at least one further acid may each be present in any concentration that appears appropriate to one skilled in the art.
• an aqueous composition which is based on a 0.5 to 2 molar, preferably 0.75 to 1, 5 molar, very particularly preferably 1 molar, further acid, preferably hydrochloric acid, which are preferred 1 to 20 wt .-%, more preferably 5 to 15 wt .-%, particularly preferably 8 to 12 wt .-%, the at least one alkanesulfonic acid, in particular methanesulfonic acid. More preferably, there are no other components, so that this preferred aqueous composition consists of water, at least one further acid and at least one alkanesulfonic acid in the concentrations indicated.
• Suitable additives are, for example, selected from the group consisting of surfactants, complexing agents, microorganisms, for example bacteria, and mixtures thereof.
• Surfactants may for example be selected from the group consisting of anionic, cationic, zwitterionic, nonionic surfactants and mixtures thereof.
• Surfactants may for example be present in an amount of 0.05 to 3.0 wt .-%, preferably 0.1 to 2.0 wt .-%, each based on the total composition.
• Chelating agents can generally be selected from complexing agents known to those skilled in the art.
• Examples of complexing agents present according to the invention are selected from the group consisting of methylglycinediacetic acid, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA), diethylenetriaminopentaacetic acid (DTPA), glutaminodiacetic acid (GLDA), hydroxyethyldiaminotriacetic acid (HEDTA), dimercapol, dimercaptopropanesulfonic acid, Dimercaptosuccinic acid and mixtures thereof.
• EDTA ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid
• NTA nitrilotriacetic acid
• DTPA diethylenetriaminopentaacetic acid
• HEDTA glutaminodiacetic acid
• dimercapol dimercaptopropanesulfonic acid
• Dimercaptosuccinic acid and mixtures thereof can be advantageously used.
• Surfactants may for example be present in an amount of 0.05 to 3.0 wt .-%, preferably 0.1 to 2.0 wt .-%, each based on the total composition.
• the process according to the invention is preferably carried out in such a way that the mixture to be treated, preferably the ore or ore concentrate to be treated, is present or is presented as an aqueous slurry.
• the present invention therefore preferably relates to the process according to the invention, wherein the mixture, preferably the ore or ore concentrate to be treated, is present as an aqueous slurry.
• the aqueous slurry of the mixture to be treated preferably of the ore or ore concentrate to be treated, a solids content of 10 to 70 wt .-%, preferably 15 to 60 wt .-%, more preferably 18 to 22 wt .-% or 50 to 60 wt .-%, each based on the aqueous slurry of the mixture, preferably of the ores or ore concentrate having. More preferably, the present aqueous slurry of the mixture, preferably of the ore or ore concentrate, is then treated with the aqueous composition (s) described above.
• the process according to the invention is generally carried out at a temperature of 5 to 120.degree. C., preferably 20 to 100.degree. C., particularly preferably 55 to 80.degree.
• the treatment of the mixture, in particular of the ore ore concentrate, is generally carried out until a sufficiently large amount of radioactive elements has been separated off, so that the desired concentration of the corresponding radioactive elements in the ore is obtained.
• the process according to the invention is preferably carried out for a period of 2 to 48 hours, preferably 4 to 30 hours, for example 6 or 24 hours.
• the treatment time can be particularly short.
• the treatment of the mixture, preferably of the ore or ore concentrate, with the aqueous composition (s) according to the process of the invention can in particular also be carried out according to the leaching process known to the person skilled in the art.
• Laving process for the digestion of metal-containing compounds or for removing a part of these metal-containing compounds are known in principle to those skilled in the art.
• the mixture to be treated preferably the ore or ore concentrate, according to the inventive method is preferably understood that the mixture to be treated, if appropriate after they have been crushed, is piled up and then the aqueous composition (s) through the piled Perfor- mate material / percolate through or trickle through / trickle through.
• the mixture to be treated can also be sprayed with the aqueous composition (s).
• the spraying of the mixture to be treated is preferably carried out dropwise.
• the used aqueous composition (s) may preferably be used for further extraction operations.
• the mixture to be treated is first ground before the process according to the invention, so that particles having a diameter of from 0.5 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m, preferably from 1 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m, are obtained.
• the milled particles are then preferably accumulated and treated as described above.
• the aqueous composition (s) used according to the invention may contain different concentrations of at least one alkanesulfonic acid and / or at least one further acid during the process according to the invention (gradual procedure).
• optionally added additives for example surfactants, partially or completely even before the start of the process according to the invention, can be added to the starting material, ie the mixture to be treated, or also during the milling of the mixture.
• the mixture to be treated can be pretreated with concentrated sulfuric acid and subsequently treated with at least one alkanesulfonic acid and at least one further acid selected from the group consisting of hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, amidosulfonic acid and mixtures thereof and / or surfactant.
• the concentrated sulfuric acid used for the pretreatment may also contain alkanesulfonic acid and / or surfactant and / or alkanesulfonic acid salt.
• a dilute sulfuric acid is used for the pretreatment (wetting)
• its concentration is preferably 10 to 250 g / l H2SO4, more preferably 20 to 150 g / l H2SO4, in particular 25 to 100 g / l H2SO4.
• the present invention also relates to the use of at least one alkanesulfonic acid and at least one further acid selected from the group consisting of hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, amidosulfonic acid and mixtures thereof for separating radioactive elements from mixtures containing them.
• the present invention relates to the use according to the invention, wherein an aqueous composition is used which consists of at least one alkanesulfonic acid, at least one further acid and water.
• test substance is an ore concentrate from the Australian Olympic Dam. This typically has the following composition: TABLE 1
• the metals listed in Table 1 are as uraninites, coffinites, brannerites, uranothorites, thorianites, hematites, pyrites, chalcopyrites, bornites, chalcocites, bastnasites, florencites, monazites, xenotimes, zircon, quartz, sericites, chlorites, fluorites, barites, siderites, Feldspate, Galena, Altaite or Clausthalite ago.
• V1 is carried out with a solution of 80 g of H2SO4 in 1 liter of water at a temperature of 70 ° C. for 24 hours at a solids content of the ore dispersion of 55% by weight.
• V8 is carried out with a 1 molar hydrochloric acid in water at a temperature of 60 ° C for 6 hours at a solids content of the ore dispersion of 20 wt .-%.
• Run 7 is performed in a 1 molar solution of HCl and the appropriate amount of methanesulfonic acid (MSS) at a 20% by weight ore solids content. Since a large amount of acid was consumed during the experiment, concentrated hydrochloric acid was added after 2 hours.
• MSS methanesulfonic acid
• Table 3 shows the amount of extracted radionuclides and the metals present relative to the respective starting amounts

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
• General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
• Materials Engineering (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Metallurgy (AREA)
• Geology (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
• Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
• Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
• Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
• Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
• Microbiology (AREA)
• Biochemistry (AREA)
• Biotechnology (AREA)
• Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
• Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
• Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
• Measurement Of Radiation (AREA)
• Treatment Of Liquids With Adsorbents In General (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)

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• 2016
  • 2016-01-25 AU AU2016212217A patent/AU2016212217B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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  • 2016-01-25 BR BR112017015815-9A patent/BR112017015815A2/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2016-01-25 WO PCT/EP2016/051403 patent/WO2016120183A1/de active Application Filing
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  • 2016-01-25 EP EP16701479.4A patent/EP3251120A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2016-01-25 RU RU2017130184A patent/RU2705191C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2016-01-25 CN CN201680006020.7A patent/CN107109522B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2017
  • 2017-07-25 CL CL2017001900A patent/CL2017001900A1/es unknown
  • 2017-07-28 CO CONC2017/0007685A patent/CO2017007685A2/es unknown
  • 2017-08-18 ZA ZA2017/05617A patent/ZA201705617B/en unknown

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