EP3228951B1 - Appareil à cycle de réfrigération - Google Patents

Appareil à cycle de réfrigération Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3228951B1
EP3228951B1 EP14907314.0A EP14907314A EP3228951B1 EP 3228951 B1 EP3228951 B1 EP 3228951B1 EP 14907314 A EP14907314 A EP 14907314A EP 3228951 B1 EP3228951 B1 EP 3228951B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
water
heat medium
side heat
heat exchanger
refrigeration cycles
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP14907314.0A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3228951A1 (fr
EP3228951A4 (fr
Inventor
Takuya Ito
Kazuyuki Ishida
Yasushi Ookoshi
Takahito HIKONE
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mitsubishi Electric Corp
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Mitsubishi Electric Corp
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Publication date
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Publication of EP3228951A1 publication Critical patent/EP3228951A1/fr
Publication of EP3228951A4 publication Critical patent/EP3228951A4/fr
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B13/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with reversible cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B47/00—Arrangements for preventing or removing deposits or corrosion, not provided for in another subclass
    • F25B47/02—Defrosting cycles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F25B49/02—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
    • F25B2313/004—Outdoor unit with water as a heat sink or heat source
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
    • F25B2400/06—Several compression cycles arranged in parallel

Definitions

  • An object of the invention is to overcome the above problem, and is to provide a refrigeration cycle apparatus that can continue the operation regardless of failure of any of multiple refrigerant circuits.
  • a refrigeration cycle apparatus according to an embodiment of the invention is provided in claim 1.
  • the refrigerant flow switching devices 4a, 4b, 4c, and 4d switch the flow of refrigerant upon the switching between a cooling mode and a heating mode.
  • elements having an identical configuration may be collectively referred to as, in this case, "refrigerant flow switching devices 4.”
  • the air-side heat exchangers 5a, 5b, 5c, and 5d function as condensers in the cooling mode and as evaporators in the heating mode.
  • the air-side heat exchangers 5a, 5b, 5c, and 5d allow the refrigerant and the air supplied by the air-side heat exchanger fans 6a, 6b, 6c, and 6d to exchange heat with each other, for example.
  • the main expansion valves 7a, 7b, 7c, and 7d serve as pressure reducing valves or expansion valves, and decompress to expand the refrigerant.
  • a typical example of the main expansion valves 7a, 7b, 7c, and 7d is an electronic expansion valve having a controllable opening degree.
  • the main expansion valves 7a, 7b, 7c, and 7d having an identical configuration may be collectively referred to as "main expansion valves 7."
  • the water-side heat exchangers 8a, 8b, 8c, and 8d allow the refrigerant flowing in the respective refrigeration cycles 2 and the water (heat medium) to exchange heat with each other.
  • the water inlets of the water-side heat exchanger 8a and the water-side heat exchanger 8b are connected in parallel with a water pipe 9a.
  • the water outlets of the water-side heat exchanger 8c and the water-side heat exchanger 8d are connected in parallel with a water pipe 9b.
  • the water outlet of the water-side heat exchanger 8a and the water inlet of the water-side heat exchanger 8c are connected in series with a water pipe 9c.
  • the water outlet of the water-side heat exchanger 8b and the water inlet of the water-side heat exchanger 8d are connected in series with a water pipe 9d.
  • the water-side heat exchangers 8a, 8b, 8c, and 8d correspond to the "heat medium-side heat exchangers" in the present invention.
  • the water pipes 9c and 9d correspond to the "first heat medium passage” and "second heat medium passage,” respectively, in the present invention.
  • elements having an same configuration may be collectively referred to as "water-side heat exchangers 8.”
  • a high humidity of the air and a low temperature equal to or lower than 0 degrees C at the heat transferring surfaces of the air-side heat exchangers 5 cause the water vapor in the air to condense and freeze and thus generate frost on the heat transferring surfaces.
  • the frost on the air-side heat exchangers 5 increases the wind resistance thereof, resulting in insufficient performance of the air-side heat exchangers 5. This problem requires a defrosting operation for melting the frost on the air-side heat exchangers 5, which needs a heat source for melting the frost.
  • the heat source controller 11 determines whether any one of the four refrigeration cycles 2a, 2b, 2c, and 2d is to conduct the defrosting operation. If any one of the refrigeration cycles is to conduct the defrosting operation; then the process goes to Step S5; otherwise the process goes to Step S1.
  • the heat source controller 11 conducts the defrosting operation of the refrigeration cycle 2 being a target. The process then goes to Step S1.
  • the water-side heat exchangers 8 according to Embodiment 2 are individually disposed in the respective refrigeration cycles 2a, 2b, 2c, and 2d. Even if any water-side heat exchanger 8 is punctured by freezing of water, for example, the other refrigeration cycles 2 can continue the operation for the moment because of the independent water-side heat exchangers 8.
  • the water from the refrigeration cycle 2a and the water from the refrigeration cycle 2b join each other in the water pipe 9g.
  • This configuration can suppress a decrease in the temperature of the water entering the refrigeration cycle 2c and the refrigeration cycle 2d and thus can stabilize the heating operations of the refrigeration cycle 2c and the refrigeration cycle 2d.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating the configuration of the refrigeration cycle apparatus according to Embodiment 3 of the invention.
  • the basic configuration of the heat source device 1 according to Embodiment 4 is same as that of the heat source device 1 according to Embodiment 1.
  • the following description of Embodiment 3 thus focuses on the difference from Embodiment 1, i.e., the configuration of the water pipes 9 and additional valves 12 in the water pipes 9.
  • the water inlets of the water-side heat exchanger 8a and the water-side heat exchanger 8b are connected in parallel with a water pipe 9m.
  • the water outlets of the water-side heat exchanger 8c and the water-side heat exchanger 8d are connected in parallel with a water pipe 9n.
  • the water outlet of the water-side heat exchanger 8a and the water inlet of the water-side heat exchanger 8c are connected in series with a water pipe 9o.
  • the water outlet of the water-side heat exchanger 8b and the water inlet of the water-side heat exchanger 8d are connected in series with a water pipe 9p.
  • This heat source controller 11 can vary the combination of the water pipes 9 in which water flows by switching the valves 12 depending on the operational mode of the heat source device 1.
  • the heat source controller 11 can also vary the range of the flow rate of water in the heat source device 1.
  • the heat source controller 11 can vary the combination of the water pipes 9 in which water flows and also vary the range of the flow rate of water in the heat source device 1 by switching the valves 12. That is, the range of the flow rate of water in the heat source device 1 can be varied by on-site operations of the heat source controller 11 to transmit signals to the valves 12 for switching the valves 12, without reconstruction of the water pipes 9.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Other Air-Conditioning Systems (AREA)
  • Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)

Claims (5)

  1. Appareil à cycles de réfrigération comprenant :
    une pluralité de cycles de réfrigération (2a-2d) permettant à du frigorigène d'y circuler, chacun des cycles de réfrigération (2a-2d) comprenant un compresseur (3a-3d), un dispositif de commutation d'écoulement de frigorigène (4a-4d), un échangeur de chaleur côté air (5a-5d), un dispositif de réduction de pression (7a-7d) et un échangeur de chaleur côté milieu caloporteur (8a-8d) connectés en séquence avec des tuyaux de frigorigène, les échangeurs de chaleur côté milieu caloporteur (8a-8d) permettre à un milieu caloporteur et au frigorigène d'échanger de la chaleur l'un avec l'autre ;
    une sortie de milieu caloporteur d'un premier échangeur de chaleur côté milieu caloporteur (8a) et une entrée de milieu caloporteur d'un troisième échangeur de chaleur côté milieu caloporteur (8c) étant connectées en série avec un premier passage de milieu caloporteur (9o),
    une sortie de milieu caloporteur d'un deuxième échangeur de chaleur côté milieu caloporteur (8b) et une entrée de milieu caloporteur d'un quatrième échangeur de chaleur côté milieu caloporteur (8d) étant connectées en série avec un second passage de milieu caloporteur (9p),
    le premier passage de milieu caloporteur (9o) et le second passage de milieu caloporteur (9p) étant connectés en parallèle, dans lequel des entrées de milieu caloporteur du premier échangeur de chaleur côté milieu caloporteur (8a) et du deuxième échangeur de chaleur côté milieu caloporteur (8b) étant connectées en parallèle avec un premier tuyau (9m) et dans lequel des sorties de milieu caloporteur du troisième échangeur de chaleur côté milieu caloporteur (8c) et du quatrième échangeur de chaleur côté milieu caloporteur (8d) étant connectées en parallèle avec un deuxième tuyau (9n),
    une sortie de milieu caloporteur du premier échangeur de chaleur côté milieu caloporteur (8a) et l'entrée de milieu caloporteur du deuxième échangeur de chaleur côté milieu caloporteur (8b) étant connectées en série avec un troisième tuyau (9q),
    la sortie de milieu caloporteur du quatrième échangeur de chaleur côté milieu caloporteur (8d) et une entrée de milieu caloporteur du troisième échangeur de chaleur côté milieu caloporteur (8c) étant connectées en série avec un quatrième tuyau (9r),
    le premier tuyau (9m) ayant une première bifurcation (13a) à partir de laquelle le premier tuyau (9m) se ramifie dans le premier échangeur de chaleur côté milieu caloporteur (8a) et le deuxième échangeur de chaleur côté milieu caloporteur (8b),
    le premier tuyau (9m) étant pourvu d'une première vanne (12a) entre la première bifurcation (13a) et l'entrée de milieu caloporteur du deuxième échangeur de chaleur côté milieu caloporteur (8b),
    le deuxième tuyau (9n) ayant une seconde bifurcation (13b) à partir de laquelle le deuxième tuyau (9n) se ramifie dans le troisième échangeur de chaleur côté milieu caloporteur (8c) et le quatrième échangeur de chaleur côté milieu caloporteur (8d),
    le deuxième tuyau (9n) étant pourvu d'une deuxième valve (12b) entre la seconde bifurcation (13b) et la sortie de milieu caloporteur du quatrième échangeur de chaleur côté milieu caloporteur (8d), et
    le troisième tuyau (9q), le quatrième tuyau (9r) et les premiers passages de milieu caloporteur (9o) étant pourvus respectivement d'une troisième vanne (12c), d'une quatrième vanne (12d) et d'une cinquième vanne (12e).
  2. Appareil à cycles de réfrigération selon la revendication 1, comprenant en outre des ventilateurs (6a-6d) pour les échangeurs de chaleur côté air (5a-5d) et un dispositif de commande de source de chaleur (11) configuré pour commander les compresseurs (3a-3d), les dispositifs de commutation d'écoulement de frigorigène (4a-4d), les dispositifs de réduction de pression (7a-7d) et les ventilateurs (6a-6d) pour les échangeurs de chaleur côté air (5a-5d),
    le dispositif de source de chaleur (11) étant configuré pour déterminer si les cycles de réfrigération (2a-2d) effectuent des opérations de dégivrage.
  3. Appareil à cycles de réfrigération selon la revendication 2, dans lequel
    le dispositif de source de chaleur (11) est configuré pour, si des opérations de dégivrage simultanées des cycles de réfrigération (2a-2d) peuvent être effectuées, effectuer alors des opérations de dégivrage de tous les cycles de réfrigération (2a-2d), ou effectuer sinon une opération de dégivrage d'un cycle de réfrigération (2a-2d) étant une cible de dégivrage parmi les cycles de réfrigération (2a-2d).
  4. Appareil à cycles de réfrigération selon la revendication 1, comprenant en outre des ventilateurs (6a-6d) pour les échangeurs de chaleur côté air (5a-5d) et un dispositif de commande de source de chaleur (11) configuré pour commander le compresseur (3a-3d), le dispositif de commutation d'écoulement de frigorigène (4a-4d), le dispositif de réduction de pression (7a-7d) et les ventilateurs (6a-6d) pour les échangeurs de chaleur côté air (5a-5d),
    le dispositif de commande de source de chaleur (11) étant configuré pour exécuter
    une première étape (S1) consistant à déterminer si des opérations de dégivrage simultanées de la pluralité de cycles de réfrigération (2a-2d) peuvent être effectuées,
    une seconde étape (S2, S4) pour déterminer si l'un quelconque des cycles de réfrigération (2a-2d) effectue une opération de dégivrage,
    effectuer les opérations de dégivrage de tous les cycles de réfrigération lors d'une détermination dans la première étape que les opérations de dégivrage simultanées de la pluralité de cycles de réfrigération (2a-2d) peuvent être effectuées et d'une détermination dans la deuxième étape que l'un quelconque des cycles de réfrigération (2a-2d) effectue une opération de dégivrage, et dans le même temps,
    lors d'une détermination dans la première étape que les opérations de dégivrage simultanées de la pluralité de cycles de réfrigération (2a-2d) ne peuvent pas être effectuées et d'une détermination dans la deuxième étape que l'un quelconque des cycles de réfrigération (2a-2d) effectue une opération de dégivrage, exécuter une troisième l'étape (S5) consistant à déterminer si au moins un des cycles de réfrigération (2a-2d) autre que les cycles de réfrigération pour effectuer les opérations de dégivrage effectue l'opération de dégivrage, et
    effectuer l'opération de dégivrage du au moins un des cycles de réfrigération étant les cycles de réfrigération pour effectuer les opérations de dégivrage lors d'une détermination dans la troisième étape (S5) que les cycles de réfrigération (2a-2d) autres que les cycles de réfrigération pour effectuer les opérations de dégivrage n'effectuent pas l'opération de dégivrage.
  5. Appareil à cycles de réfrigération selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, dans lequel le premier passage de milieu caloporteur (9o) et le second passage de milieu caloporteur (9p) peuvent être réarrangés.
EP14907314.0A 2014-12-05 2014-12-05 Appareil à cycle de réfrigération Active EP3228951B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/JP2014/082295 WO2016088262A1 (fr) 2014-12-05 2014-12-05 Appareil à cycle de réfrigération

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3228951A1 EP3228951A1 (fr) 2017-10-11
EP3228951A4 EP3228951A4 (fr) 2018-07-04
EP3228951B1 true EP3228951B1 (fr) 2021-01-27

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JP (1) JP6410839B2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2016088262A1 (fr)

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GB2578373B (en) * 2017-05-19 2021-02-24 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Chilling unit and temperature control system using water circulation
JP6861821B2 (ja) * 2017-08-03 2021-04-21 三菱電機株式会社 冷凍サイクル装置
US20210048216A1 (en) * 2018-03-02 2021-02-18 Mitsubishi Electric Corporation Air-conditioning apparatus
WO2019171486A1 (fr) * 2018-03-07 2019-09-12 三菱電機株式会社 Dispositif source de chaleur et système à cycle frigorifique
WO2021024404A1 (fr) * 2019-08-07 2021-02-11 三菱電機株式会社 Unité de refroidissement et système de climatisation
CN110617644A (zh) * 2019-10-18 2019-12-27 珠海格力节能环保制冷技术研究中心有限公司 换热系统、空调器及空调器的控制方法
JP7414586B2 (ja) * 2020-02-28 2024-01-16 住友重機械工業株式会社 極低温冷凍機用圧縮機システムおよび補助冷却装置
WO2024180660A1 (fr) * 2023-02-28 2024-09-06 三菱電機株式会社 Système d'alimentation en eau chaude

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JP2697376B2 (ja) * 1991-07-11 1998-01-14 ダイキン工業株式会社 二元冷凍サイクルを有する冷却装置のためのデフロスト装置
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP3228951A1 (fr) 2017-10-11
JPWO2016088262A1 (ja) 2017-04-27
EP3228951A4 (fr) 2018-07-04
WO2016088262A1 (fr) 2016-06-09
JP6410839B2 (ja) 2018-10-24

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