EP3216888A1 - Matériau en acier inoxydable destiné à la liaison par diffusion - Google Patents

Matériau en acier inoxydable destiné à la liaison par diffusion Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP3216888A1
EP3216888A1 EP15857850.0A EP15857850A EP3216888A1 EP 3216888 A1 EP3216888 A1 EP 3216888A1 EP 15857850 A EP15857850 A EP 15857850A EP 3216888 A1 EP3216888 A1 EP 3216888A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
phase
less
stainless steel
diffusion bonding
bonding
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP15857850.0A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3216888B1 (fr
EP3216888A4 (fr
Inventor
Atsushi Sugama
Kazuyuki Kageoka
Yoshiaki Hori
Kazunari Imakawa
Manabu Oku
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nippon Steel Stainless Steel Corp
Original Assignee
Nisshin Steel Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nisshin Steel Co Ltd filed Critical Nisshin Steel Co Ltd
Publication of EP3216888A1 publication Critical patent/EP3216888A1/fr
Publication of EP3216888A4 publication Critical patent/EP3216888A4/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3216888B1 publication Critical patent/EP3216888B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/001—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing N
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/46—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with vanadium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/48—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with niobium or tantalum
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/50—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with titanium or zirconium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/54—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with boron
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/58—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with more than 1.5% by weight of manganese
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
    • C21D2211/001—Austenite
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
    • C21D2211/005—Ferrite
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
    • C21D2211/008—Martensite

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a dual-phase stainless steel material used in a molding, which is allowed to undergo diffusion bonding.
  • One method of bonding stainless steel materials to each other includes a diffusion bonding method.
  • a stainless steel diffusion bonded product assembled by diffusion bonding has been applied in various applications such as heat exchangers, machine components, fuel cell components, home appliance components, plant components, ornament constituent members, and building materials.
  • the diffusion bonding method includes an "insert material inserting method” of inserting an insert material into a bonding interface, and performing bonding by solid phase diffusion or liquid phase diffusion; and a “direct method” of directly bringing surfaces of both stainless steel materials into contact with each other, and performing diffusion bonding.
  • the insert material inserting method is advantageous in that it is capable of realizing certain diffusion bonding in a relatively simple manner.
  • this method becomes disadvantageous as compared with a direct method for the following reasons. That is, an insert material is used, thus leading to an increase in costs, and also a bonding portion is formed of metal which is different from that forms a base material, thus leading to deterioration of corrosion resistance.
  • it is commonly said to be difficult for the direct method to obtain sufficient bonding strength as compared with the insert material inserting method.
  • this direct method includes the possibility to become advantageous in that it can reduce production costs, so that various methods have been studied.
  • Patent Document 1 discloses technology in which the amount of S in a stainless steel is set at 0.01% by weight or less and also diffusion bonding is performed in a non-oxidizing atmosphere at a predetermined temperature, thereby avoiding deformation of the material, thus leading to an improvement in diffusion bondability of a stainless steel material.
  • Patent Document 2 discloses a method using a stainless steel foil material whose surface is imparted with unevenness by a pickling treatment.
  • Patent Document 3 discloses a method using, as a material to be bonded, a stainless steel whose Al content is suppressed so that an alumina film, which causes inhibition of diffusion bonding, is less easily to be formed during diffusion bonding.
  • Patent Document 4 discloses a method in which diffusion is promoted using a stainless steel foil imparted with deformation by cold working.
  • Patent Documents 5 and 6 describe a ferritic stainless steel for direct diffusion bonding, the component composition of which is optimized.
  • the above-mentioned bonding technology enabled implementation of diffusion bonding of a stainless steel material even when using a direct method.
  • the direct method is yet to be taken root as the mainstream of a diffusion bonding method of the stainless steel material.
  • the main reason is the fact that it is difficult to achieve both two issues, for example, security of reliability in the bonding portion, such as bonding strength or adhesiveness, and suppression of a load in the production, such as bonding device or bonding time.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a stainless steel material suitable for diffusion bonded molding, diffusion bondability of which is further improved without being influenced by the extent of surface roughness.
  • the present inventors have found that, by controlling an average crystal grain size before diffusion bonding, an amount of ⁇ max, and creep elongation of a dual-phase stainless steel material having a dual-phase structure composed of at least two phases of a ferrite phase, a martensite phase, and an austenite phase, good diffusion bondability can be obtained without being influenced by surface roughness of the steel material.
  • the present invention has been completed as a stainless steel material for diffusion bonding. Specifically, the present invention provides the followings.
  • a dual-phase stainless steel having a dual-phase structure composed of at least two phases of a ferrite phase, a martensite phase, and an austenite phase is provided with an average crystal grain size and ⁇ max before diffusion bonding, and creep elongation at a bonding temperature in an optimum range, whereby, a stainless steel material having excellent diffusion bondability is provided, thus providing a diffusion bonded molding which exhibits a good bonding interface.
  • the total content of Ti and Al is suppressed, thereby obtaining a diffusion bonded molding having improved diffusion bondability.
  • Fig. 1 is a drawing showing a measurement test piece used in a bondability test.
  • diffusion bonding by a direct method of a stainless steel material is completed by simultaneous proceeding of three types of processes, for example, a process (i) in which unevenness of a bonding surface undergoes deformation leading to adhesion, thus increasing a bonding area of the bonded position, a process (ii) in which a surface oxide film of the steel material before bonding disappears at the adhered position, and a process (iii) in which a residual gas in voids as the unbonded portion reacts with a base material, according to a conventional technique.
  • the present inventors have studied so as to avoid deterioration of productivity, which creates an industrial obstacle, by regulating a base material component, components included in a passive film, and surface roughness of a bonding surface, focusing attention on the process (ii) mentioned above.
  • a stainless steel to be allowed to undergo diffusion bonding is a dual-phase stainless steel having a dual-phase structure, it is extremely effective to reduce a crystal grain size before diffusion bonding.
  • Stainless steels are commonly classified into an austenitic stainless steel, a ferritic stainless steel, a martensitic stainless steel, and the like based on a metal structure at normal temperature.
  • a “dual-phase structure” of the present invention has a metal structure composed of at least two phases of a ferrite phase, a martensite phase, and an austenite phase.
  • the “dual-phase stainless steel material” of the present invention means a steel which has such a dual-phase structure, and exhibits an austenitic-ferritic two-phase structure within a bonding temperature range.
  • Stainless steels classified into a ferritic stainless steel and a martensitic stainless steel are sometimes included in such a two-phase stainless steel.
  • a dual-phase stainless steel having a dual-phase structure composed of at least two phases of a ferrite phase, a martensite phase, and an austenite phase is used as a stainless steel material to be allowed to undergo diffusion bonding.
  • a ferrite phase and a martensite phase are partially transformed into an austenite phase to form a two-phase structure composed of an austenite phase and a ferrite phase.
  • creep deformation which is considered to cause grain boundary sliding as a result of maintenance of a fine structure due to suppression of crystal grain growth of each phase in the two-phase structure at high temperature.
  • easy deformation is promoted at the unevenness portion of a bonding surface, leading to an increase in a bonding area of the bonded portion, thus enabling diffusion bonding by a direct method at low temperature under low surface pressure.
  • the dual-phase stainless steel material of the present invention can be used as both or one of stainless steel materials which are directly brought into contact with each other and integrated by diffusion bonding. It is possible to apply, as a mating material to be integrated, in addition to the stainless steel material of the present invention, other types of two-phase steels, types of austenitic steels in which an austenite single-phase is formed within a heating range of diffusion bonding, types of ferritic steels in which a ferrite single-phase is formed within the heating range, and the like.
  • the dual-phase stainless steel which is an application object in the present invention
  • component elements other than Ti and Al from the viewpoint of diffusion bondability
  • various component compositions according to the uses are directed to an austenitic-ferritic two-phase structure within a temperature range where diffusion bonding proceeds, so that there is a need to employ a steel having a component composition in which ⁇ max represented by the formula (a) mentioned below satisfies a range of 10 to 90. It is possible to exemplify, as a specific component composition range, the followings.
  • Component composition including, in % by mass: C: 0.2% or less, Si: 1.0% or less, Mn: 3.0% or less, P: 0.05% or less, S: 0.03% or less, Ni: 10.0% or less, Cr: 10.0 to 30.0%, N: 0.3% or less, Ti: 0.15% or less, and Al : 0.15% or less, with the remainder being Fe and inevitable impurities, wherein the total amount of Ti and Al is 0.15% or less.
  • Component composition further comprising, in % by mass: one or two or more elements of Nb: 4.0% or less, Mo: 0.01 to 4.0%, Cu: 0.01 to 3.0%, and V: 0.03 to 0.15%.
  • Component composition further including, in % by mass: B: 0.0003 to 0.01%.
  • C improves strength and hardness of a steel by solid solution strengthening. Meanwhile, an increase in C content causes deterioration of workability and toughness of the steel, so that the C content is preferably 0.2% by mass or less, and more preferably 0.08% by mass or less.
  • Si is an element used for deoxidation of the steel. Meanwhile, excessive Si content causes deterioration of toughness and workability of the steel. Thus, a firm surface oxide film is formed to inhibit diffusion bondability. Therefore, the Si content is preferably 1.0% by mass or less, and more preferably 0.6% by mass or less.
  • Mn is an element which improves high-temperature oxidation properties. Meanwhile, excessive Mn content allows the steel to undergo work hardening, leading to deterioration of cold workability of the steel. Therefore, the Mn content is preferably 3.0% by mass or less.
  • the P content is preferably 0.05% by mass or less, and more preferably 0.03% by mass or less.
  • the S content is preferably 0.03% by mass or less.
  • Ni is an austenite formation element and has a function of improving corrosion resistance of the steel in a reducing acid environment. Meanwhile, excessive Ni content makes an austenite phase stable, thus failing to suppress the growth of a ferrite crystal, so that a stable austenite single-phase is formed to suppress the growth of the ferrite crystal. Therefore, the Ni content is preferably 10.0% or less.
  • Cr is an element which forms a passive film to impart corrosion resistance.
  • the Cr content of less than 30.0% by mass does not exert a sufficient effect of imparting corrosion resistance.
  • the Cr content exceeding 10.0% by mass causes deterioration of workability. Therefore, the Cr content is preferably 10.0 to 30.0% by mass.
  • N is an inevitable impurity element and causes deterioration of cold workability, so that the content thereof is preferably 0.3% by mass or less.
  • Ti has a function of fixing C and N and is therefore an element effective in improving corrosion resistance and workability.
  • Al is often added as a deoxidizing agent. Meanwhile, Ti and Al are easily oxidizable elements, so that Ti oxide and Al oxide included in an oxide film on a surface of the steel material are less likely to be reduced in a heat treatment of vacuum diffusion bonding. Therefore, numerous Ti oxide or Al oxide may cause prevention of proceeding of the process (ii) mentioned above during diffusion bonding, so that the Ti content is preferably 0.15% by mass or less, while the Al content is preferably 0.15% by mass or less, and more preferably 0.05% by mass.
  • the total content of Ti and Al is preferably set at 0.15% by mass or less, and more preferably 0.05% by mass or less.
  • Nb is an element which forms carbide or carbonitride to refine crystal grains of the steel, thus exerting the effect of enhancing the toughness. Meanwhile, excessive Nb content causes deterioration of workability of the steel, so that the Nb content is preferably 4.0% by mass or less.
  • Mo is an element which has a function of improving corrosion resistance without reducing the strength. Excessive Mo content causes deterioration of workability of the steel, so that the Mo content is preferably 0.01 to 4.0% by mass.
  • Cu is an element which is effective in improving corrosion resistance, and also has a function of forming a ferrite phase. Meanwhile, excessive Cu content causes deterioration of workability of the steel, so that the Cu content is preferably 0.01 to 3.0% by mass.
  • V is an element which contributes to an improvement in workability and toughness of the steel by fixing solid-soluted C as carbide. Meanwhile, excessive content of a V element causes deterioration of productivity, so that the V content is preferably 0.03 to 0.15%.
  • B is an element which contributes to an improvement in corrosion resistance and workability by fixing N. Meanwhile, excessive content of a B element causes deterioration of hot workability of the steel, so that the B content is preferably 0.0003 to 0.01%.
  • ⁇ max 420 C ⁇ 11.5 Si + 7 Mn + 23 Ni ⁇ 11.5 Cr ⁇ 12 Mo + 9 Cu ⁇ 49 Ti ⁇ 47 Nb ⁇ 52 Al + 470 N + 189 where an element symbol of C, Si, and the like in the above formula (a) means the content (% by mass) of each element.
  • ⁇ max is an indicator which represents an amount (% by volume) of an austenite phase formed when heated and retained at about 1,100°C.
  • ⁇ max is 100 or more, it is possible to regard as types of austenitic steels in which an austenite single-phase is formed.
  • ⁇ max is 0 or less, it is possible to regard as types of ferrite steels in which a ferrite single-phase is formed.
  • ⁇ max is 10 to 90, an austenitic-ferritic two-phase is formed within a temperature range where diffusion bonding proceeds, and two phases mutually suppress crystal grain growth at high temperature, so that it is effective for obtaining a fine crystal structure.
  • ⁇ max is more preferably 50 to 80.
  • the average crystal grain size before bonding is preferably 20 ⁇ m or less, and more preferably 10 ⁇ m or less.
  • the process (i) mentioned above quickly proceeds, so that the process (ii) mentioned above exerts a small influence and there is low possibility that bondability is restricted by the extent of surface roughness Ra. If surface roughness of the stainless steel material to be allowed to undergo diffusion bonding increases, disappearance of an oxide film in the process (ii) mentioned above tends to become late. Therefore, a surface of the stainless steel material is preferably smooth, and surface roughness Ra is preferably 0.3 ⁇ m or less.
  • a diffusion bonded product having good bondability is obtained by performing vacuum diffusion bonding using a direct method.
  • Specific diffusion bonding treatment is as follows, for example, diffusion bonding can be allowed to proceed by heating and retaining in a furnace under the conditions of a pressure of 1.0 ⁇ 10 -2 Pa or less (preferably 1.0 ⁇ 10 -3 Pa or less) and a dew point of -40°C or lower at 900 to 1,100°C in a state of being directly contacted under a contact surface pressure of 0.1 to 1.0 MPa.
  • the retention time can be adjusted within a range of 0.5 to 3 hours.
  • a stainless steel with the chemical composition shown in Table 1 was melted by vacuum melting (30 kg).
  • the steel ingot thus obtained was forged into a 30 mm thick plate and then hot-rolled at 1,230°C for 2 hours to obtain a 3.0 mm thick hot rolled sheet.
  • annealing, pickling, and cold rolling was performed to obtain a 1.0 mm thick cold rolled sheet.
  • the cold rolled sheet was subjected to an annealing treatment mentioned below to produce a cold rolled annealed sheet, which was used as a test material.
  • the metal structure before diffusion bonding of each of FM-1 steel to FM-4 steel is composed of a ferritic-martensitic two-phase ( ⁇ + M phase).
  • the metal structure before diffusion bonding of each of FA-1 steel and FA-2 steel is composed of a ferritic-austenitic two-phase ( ⁇ + ⁇ phase).
  • the metal structure before diffusion bonding of F-1 steel is composed of a ferrite single-phase ( ⁇ phase).
  • the metal structure before diffusion bonding of A-1 steel is composed of an austenite single-phase ( ⁇ phase).
  • the metal structure before diffusion bonding of M-1 steel is composed of a martensite single-phase (M phase).
  • test materials each having a different average crystal grain size were obtained.
  • test materials each having different surface roughness Ra were obtained by changing a finishing treatment of a cold rolled annealed sheet using a part of a steel sheet.
  • An average crystal grain size before diffusion bonding ( ⁇ m) of a steel sheet was measured by a quadrature procedure as mentioned below.
  • a metal structure of a sheet thickness cross-section parallel to a cold rolling direction was observed with respect to a continuous area of 1 mm 2 or more, and then the number of crystal grains included in a unit area was calculated using a quadrature procedure. Thereafter, an average area per one crystal grain was determined and a value obtained by raising variable the average area to the power of 1/2 was used as an average crystal grain size.
  • surface roughness Ra ( ⁇ m)
  • surface roughness Ra in a direction perpendicular to a rolling direction was measured using a surface roughness measuring instrument (SURFCOM2900DX; manufactured by TOKYO SEIMITSU CO., LTD.).
  • Creep elongation was measured by the method mentioned below.
  • a JIS13B test piece was cut out from each steel sheet and a ⁇ 5 mm hole was made at the center of one grip.
  • a making-off line 50 mm in length, between gauge marks
  • a wire made of SUS310S provided with a weight calculated so as to apply stress of 1.0 MPa was attached to the hole of the grip, followed by retaining for 0.5 hour.
  • the wire made of SUS310S was removed from the test piece and cooled to normal temperature by air cooling. Then, the length L between gauge marks was measured and (L-50)/50 ⁇ 100 was calculated as creep elongation (%).
  • Plane test pieces measuring 20 mm ⁇ 20 mm were cut out from each steel sheet and diffusion bonding was performed by the following method.
  • Two test pieces made of the same steel material were laminated in a state where surfaces of the test pieces come into contact with each other.
  • surface pressure to be applied to a contact surface of these two test pieces was adjusted to 0.1 MPa.
  • the plane test piece thus laminated is referred to as a "steel material”.
  • Those in which the steel materials are laminated are referred to as a "laminate”.
  • the jig and the laminate were placed in a vacuum furnace.
  • Vacuuming was performed until the pressure reaches initial vacuum degree of 1.0 0 ⁇ 10 -3 to 1.0 ⁇ 10 -4 Pa and the temperature was raised to 1,000°C over about 1 hour, followed by retaining at the same temperature for 2 hours. After transferring to a cooling chamber, cooling was performed. During cooling, the vacuum degree was maintained up to 900°C and then an Ar gas was introduced, followed by cooling to about 100°C or lower in an Ar gas atmosphere under 90 kPa. Regarding the laminate after completion of the heat treatment, using a ultrasonic thickness gage (manufactured by OLYMPUS CORPORATION; Model 35DL), the thickness was measured at 49 measurement points formed at 3 mm pitch on a laminate surface measuring 20 mm ⁇ 20 mm as shown in Fig.
  • a ultrasonic thickness gage manufactured by OLYMPUS CORPORATION; Model 35DL
  • a probe diameter was set at 1.5 mm.
  • both steel materials are integrated with each other by diffusion of atoms at the position of an interface between both steel materials corresponding to the measurement point.
  • a measured value of the sheet thickness is different from the total sheet thickness of two steel materials, it is possible to consider that the unbonded portion (defect) exists at the position of an interface between both steel materials corresponding to the measurement point.
  • a correspondence relation between a cross-sectional structure of the laminate after a heating treatment and the measurement results obtained by this measurement technique was examined.
  • Inventive Examples 1 to 6 As shown in Table 2, in Inventive Examples 1 to 6, a bonding ratio was 90% or more and good diffusion bondability was exhibited even at comparatively low temperature, for example, 1,000°C under low surface pressure, for example, 0.1 MPa. In Inventive Examples 1 to 6, good diffusion bondability was exhibited regardless of the extent of surface roughness Ra, and there was no influence of surface roughness. Since dual-phase stainless steel material having a structure of the present invention does not cause deterioration of diffusion bondability even when surface roughness increases, it is apparent that diffusion bondability thereof is not restricted to surface property of the steel material.
  • Comparative Examples 1 to 10 an average crystal grain size, ⁇ max, and creep elongation deviated from the scope of the present invention, leading to small deformation of the unevenness portion of the bonding surface within a two-phase high temperature range, thus failing to increase the bonding area at the bonded position. Therefore, numerous bonding ratios are less than 80% and rated fairly bad or bad.
  • ferrite single-phase steels of Comparative Examples 5 to 7 and austenite single-phase steels of Comparative Examples 8 to 9 according to a change in bonding ratio depending on the surface roughness Ra, Comparative Example 7 and Comparative Example 9 with very small surface roughness exhibited a bonding ratio of 90% or more. Meanwhile, other Comparative Examples exhibited large surface roughness, and a bonding ratio decreased. As is apparent from the above results, in a single-phase steel, large surface roughness leads to bad bonding ratio, so that diffusion bondability is restricted by surface roughness.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Sheet Steel (AREA)
EP15857850.0A 2014-11-05 2015-10-16 Utilisation d'un acier inoxydable à deux phases pour un processus de soudage par diffusion Active EP3216888B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2014225576A JP6129140B2 (ja) 2014-11-05 2014-11-05 拡散接合用ステンレス鋼材
PCT/JP2015/079342 WO2016072244A1 (fr) 2014-11-05 2015-10-16 Matériau en acier inoxydable destiné à la liaison par diffusion

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3216888A1 true EP3216888A1 (fr) 2017-09-13
EP3216888A4 EP3216888A4 (fr) 2018-05-30
EP3216888B1 EP3216888B1 (fr) 2021-06-02

Family

ID=55908971

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP15857850.0A Active EP3216888B1 (fr) 2014-11-05 2015-10-16 Utilisation d'un acier inoxydable à deux phases pour un processus de soudage par diffusion

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US20170321311A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP3216888B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP6129140B2 (fr)
KR (1) KR102384698B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN107002189B (fr)
ES (1) ES2886446T3 (fr)
SG (1) SG11201703499XA (fr)
TW (1) TWI680193B (fr)
WO (1) WO2016072244A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11566301B2 (en) 2016-09-02 2023-01-31 Jfe Steel Corporation Dual-phase stainless steel, and method of production thereof

Families Citing this family (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP6799387B2 (ja) * 2016-05-17 2020-12-16 日鉄ステンレス株式会社 耐水蒸気酸化性に優れる複相系ステンレス鋼の製造方法
JP6369662B1 (ja) * 2017-01-10 2018-08-08 Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 二相ステンレス鋼およびその製造方法
CN107675099A (zh) * 2017-08-23 2018-02-09 宁波市鄞州亚大汽车管件有限公司 弯管式消音器
CN109778079B (zh) * 2017-11-13 2020-06-16 路肯（上海）医疗科技有限公司 一种医疗器械用不锈钢、制作方法、热处理方法和应用
JP6812956B2 (ja) * 2017-11-28 2021-01-13 Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 積層用ステンレス鋼板および積層体
CN108330400A (zh) * 2018-01-19 2018-07-27 辽宁顺通机械科技有限公司 端面密封件用材料
JP7029308B2 (ja) * 2018-02-09 2022-03-03 日鉄ステンレス株式会社 ステンレスクラッド鋼板及びその製造方法、並びに刃物
JP2019151901A (ja) * 2018-03-05 2019-09-12 日鉄日新製鋼株式会社 ステンレス鋼材
TWI665315B (zh) * 2018-03-27 2019-07-11 日商日鐵日新製鋼股份有限公司 擴散接合治具用不銹鋼材
JP7067998B2 (ja) * 2018-03-28 2022-05-16 日鉄ステンレス株式会社 ステンレス鋼材
CN108588578B (zh) * 2018-04-27 2019-12-06 中南大学 一种无镍高钼耐蚀铸钢及其制备方法和应用
EP3862452A4 (fr) 2018-10-04 2022-06-29 Nippon Steel Corporation Tôle d'acier inoxydable austénitique et procédé de production de ladite tôle
JP7328504B2 (ja) * 2019-04-17 2023-08-17 日本製鉄株式会社 鋼部品およびその製造方法
KR102259806B1 (ko) * 2019-08-05 2021-06-03 주식회사 포스코 고온 내크립 특성이 향상된 페라이트계 스테인리스강 및 그 제조 방법

Family Cites Families (25)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS62199277A (ja) 1986-02-26 1987-09-02 Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd ステンレス鋼の拡散接合方法
JPH02261548A (ja) 1989-04-03 1990-10-24 Nippon Steel Corp 自動車の排ガス浄化用触媒金属担体の製造方法
JP3238561B2 (ja) 1994-02-04 2001-12-17 新日本製鐵株式会社 触媒用メタルハニカム
JPH07256468A (ja) * 1994-03-23 1995-10-09 Suzuki Motor Corp 固相拡散接合法
JP3816974B2 (ja) 1995-10-04 2006-08-30 新日本製鐵株式会社 強固な接合強度を有する拡散接合された触媒用メタル担体およびその製造方法
JP3300225B2 (ja) 1996-04-16 2002-07-08 新日本製鐵株式会社 拡散接合性の優れたステンレス箔およびそれを用いたメタル担体
JP2000303150A (ja) 1999-04-19 2000-10-31 Nippon Steel Corp 直接拡散接合用ステンレス鋼
JP2002301577A (ja) * 2001-04-05 2002-10-15 Daido Steel Co Ltd マルテンサイト系ステンレス鋼の接合方法
ATE303458T1 (de) * 2001-06-11 2005-09-15 Nisshin Steel Co Ltd Band aus doppelphasigem nichtrostendem stahl für stahlriemen
JP2003089851A (ja) * 2001-09-14 2003-03-28 Nisshin Steel Co Ltd 高弾性を有する高強度複相ステンレス鋼板およびその製造法
JP2004131743A (ja) * 2002-08-09 2004-04-30 Nisshin Steel Co Ltd エッチング加工用ステンレス鋼板
WO2007075634A2 (fr) * 2005-12-21 2007-07-05 Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Company Materiau resistant a la corrosion pour encrassement reduit, composant de transfert thermique ameliore en termes de resistance a la corrosion et a l’encrassement et procede pour reduire l’encrassement
US20080296354A1 (en) * 2007-05-31 2008-12-04 Mark Crockett Stainless steel or stainless steel alloy for diffusion bonding
JP5697302B2 (ja) * 2008-10-10 2015-04-08 新日鐵住金ステンレス株式会社 耐食性に優れたステンレス鉄筋継手
JP5846868B2 (ja) * 2011-11-16 2016-01-20 日新製鋼株式会社 ステンレス鋼拡散接合製品の製造方法
JP5850763B2 (ja) * 2012-02-27 2016-02-03 日新製鋼株式会社 ステンレス鋼拡散接合製品
US8836016B2 (en) 2012-03-08 2014-09-16 Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company, Ltd. Semiconductor structures and methods with high mobility and high energy bandgap materials
JP5868241B2 (ja) 2012-03-29 2016-02-24 日新製鋼株式会社 拡散接合用フェライト系ステンレス鋼材および拡散接合製品の製造方法
JP5868242B2 (ja) 2012-03-29 2016-02-24 日新製鋼株式会社 拡散接合用オーステナイト系ステンレス鋼材および拡散接合製品の製造方法
JP6105993B2 (ja) * 2013-03-25 2017-03-29 日新製鋼株式会社 抵抗熱により接合されたステンレス鋼箔製成型品
JP6246478B2 (ja) * 2013-03-28 2017-12-13 日新製鋼株式会社 ステンレス鋼製熱交換器部品およびその製造方法
SG11201509040WA (en) * 2013-05-15 2015-12-30 Nisshin Steel Co Ltd Method for producing a stainless steel diffusion-bonded product
CN103331513B (zh) * 2013-07-03 2016-01-20 北京科技大学 一种超塑性双相不锈钢夹层结构的制造方法
CN103920987B (zh) * 2014-04-23 2015-10-28 哈尔滨工业大学 一种钛合金与不锈钢的真空微扩散连接方法
WO2016075005A1 (fr) * 2014-11-13 2016-05-19 Nv Bekaert Sa Objet métallique fritté comprenant des fibres métalliques

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11566301B2 (en) 2016-09-02 2023-01-31 Jfe Steel Corporation Dual-phase stainless steel, and method of production thereof

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN107002189B (zh) 2019-07-05
US20170321311A1 (en) 2017-11-09
EP3216888B1 (fr) 2021-06-02
KR20170084138A (ko) 2017-07-19
TW201625806A (zh) 2016-07-16
TWI680193B (zh) 2019-12-21
WO2016072244A1 (fr) 2016-05-12
SG11201703499XA (en) 2017-06-29
CN107002189A (zh) 2017-08-01
JP6129140B2 (ja) 2017-05-17
ES2886446T3 (es) 2021-12-20
EP3216888A4 (fr) 2018-05-30
JP2016089223A (ja) 2016-05-23
KR102384698B1 (ko) 2022-04-07

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP3216888B1 (fr) Utilisation d'un acier inoxydable à deux phases pour un processus de soudage par diffusion
US10590522B2 (en) Aluminum-iron alloy-coated steel sheet for hot press forming, having excellent hydrogen delayed fracture resistance, peeling resistance, and weldability and hot-formed member using same
US7101446B2 (en) Austenitic stainless steel
EP2465961A1 (fr) Feuilles d'acier très résistantes et leurs procédés de production
WO2015111403A1 (fr) Matériau pour tôle d'acier inoxydable laminée à froid et son procédé de production
KR20160042818A (ko) 스테인레스강 확산 접합 제품의 제조 방법
JP2008121036A (ja) 高強度高靱性鋼板の製造方法
JP6799387B2 (ja) 耐水蒸気酸化性に優れる複相系ステンレス鋼の製造方法
WO2016051437A1 (fr) Acier inoxydable ferritique et son procédé de production
EP3330398B1 (fr) Tuyau en acier pour un tuyau de canalisation et procédé permettant de produire ce dernier
JP7067998B2 (ja) ステンレス鋼材
JP6411881B2 (ja) フェライト系ステンレス鋼およびその製造方法
JP4524894B2 (ja) 複層組織Ｃｒ系ステンレス鋼およびその製造方法
JP4606113B2 (ja) 比例限界応力の高いオーステナイト系ステンレス鋼材および製造法
KR100504581B1 (ko) 상온 가공성 및 고온에서의 기계 특성이 우수한페라이트계 스테인레스 강판 및 그 제조 방법
JP6369284B2 (ja) 複相ステンレス鋼およびその製造方法
KR101593336B1 (ko) 내부식성 및 고온특성이 우수한 오스테나이트계 스테인리스강
JPS63317628A (ja) 張り出し強度および靭性に優れた高強度ステンレス鋼の製造方法
JP2006291252A (ja) 疲労特性の良好な焼入れ焼戻し鋼管用素材鋼板および鋼管
JP3840939B2 (ja) 軟窒化処理用鋼およびその製造方法
JP2022088824A (ja) 拡散接合性及び溶接性に優れる複相ステンレス鋼
JPH07100822B2 (ja) 面内異方性の小さい高延性高強度の複相組織クロムステンレス鋼帯の製造法
JP2019151901A (ja) ステンレス鋼材
JP6301824B2 (ja) 鋼板およびその製造方法
KR101668533B1 (ko) 표면 품질이 우수한 듀플렉스 스테인리스강

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE INTERNATIONAL PUBLICATION HAS BEEN MADE

PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: REQUEST FOR EXAMINATION WAS MADE

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 20170601

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

AX Request for extension of the european patent

Extension state: BA ME

DAV Request for validation of the european patent (deleted)
DAX Request for extension of the european patent (deleted)
A4 Supplementary search report drawn up and despatched

Effective date: 20180426

RIC1 Information provided on ipc code assigned before grant

Ipc: C22C 38/02 20060101ALI20180420BHEP

Ipc: C22C 38/58 20060101ALI20180420BHEP

Ipc: C22C 38/00 20060101AFI20180420BHEP

Ipc: C22C 38/06 20060101ALI20180420BHEP

Ipc: C22C 38/50 20060101ALI20180420BHEP

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: EXAMINATION IS IN PROGRESS

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 20200113

GRAP Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: GRANT OF PATENT IS INTENDED

INTG Intention to grant announced

Effective date: 20200703

GRAJ Information related to disapproval of communication of intention to grant by the applicant or resumption of examination proceedings by the epo deleted

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSDIGR1

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: EXAMINATION IS IN PROGRESS

INTC Intention to grant announced (deleted)
GRAP Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: GRANT OF PATENT IS INTENDED

GRAJ Information related to disapproval of communication of intention to grant by the applicant or resumption of examination proceedings by the epo deleted

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSDIGR1

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: EXAMINATION IS IN PROGRESS

GRAP Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: GRANT OF PATENT IS INTENDED

INTG Intention to grant announced

Effective date: 20201222

RIN1 Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected)

Inventor name: IMAKAWA, KAZUNARI

Inventor name: OKU, MANABU

Inventor name: HORI, YOSHIAKI

Inventor name: SUGAMA, ATSUSHI

Inventor name: KAGEOKA, KAZUYUKI

INTG Intention to grant announced

Effective date: 20210120

GRAS Grant fee paid

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE PATENT HAS BEEN GRANTED

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: EP

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: FG4D

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: AT

Ref legal event code: REF

Ref document number: 1398482

Country of ref document: AT

Kind code of ref document: T

Effective date: 20210615

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: IE

Ref legal event code: FG4D

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R096

Ref document number: 602015070094

Country of ref document: DE

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: SE

Ref legal event code: TRGR

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: LT

Ref legal event code: MG9D

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20210602

Ref country code: FI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20210602

Ref country code: BG

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20210902

Ref country code: HR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20210602

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: NL

Ref legal event code: MP

Effective date: 20210602

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: AT

Ref legal event code: MK05

Ref document number: 1398482

Country of ref document: AT

Kind code of ref document: T

Effective date: 20210602

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: PL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20210602

Ref country code: NO

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20210902

Ref country code: RS

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20210602

Ref country code: LV

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20210602

Ref country code: GR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20210903

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: ES

Ref legal event code: FG2A

Ref document number: 2886446

Country of ref document: ES

Kind code of ref document: T3

Effective date: 20211220

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: PT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20211004

Ref country code: NL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20210602

Ref country code: RO

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20210602

Ref country code: AT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20210602

Ref country code: SK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20210602

Ref country code: SM

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20210602

Ref country code: CZ

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20210602

Ref country code: EE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20210602

RAP2 Party data changed (patent owner data changed or rights of a patent transferred)

Owner name: NIPPON STEEL STAINLESS STEEL CORPORATION

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R097

Ref document number: 602015070094

Country of ref document: DE

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20210602

26N No opposition filed

Effective date: 20220303

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PL

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: AL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20210602

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: BE

Ref legal event code: MM

Effective date: 20211031

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: MC

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20210602

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20211016

Ref country code: IT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20210602

Ref country code: BE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20211031

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20211031

Ref country code: CH

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20211031

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20211016

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R082

Ref document number: 602015070094

Country of ref document: DE

Representative=s name: SKM-IP SCHMID KRAUSS KUTTENKEULER MALESCHA SCH, DE

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: HU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT; INVALID AB INITIO

Effective date: 20151016

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CY

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20210602

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 20231018

Year of fee payment: 9

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: ES

Payment date: 20231101

Year of fee payment: 9

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Payment date: 20231017

Year of fee payment: 9

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 20231016

Year of fee payment: 9

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 20231020

Year of fee payment: 9

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: MK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20210602