EP3206791A1 - Procédé de manipulation de microgouttes incluant des échantillons - Google Patents
Procédé de manipulation de microgouttes incluant des échantillonsInfo
- Publication number
- EP3206791A1 EP3206791A1 EP14796828.3A EP14796828A EP3206791A1 EP 3206791 A1 EP3206791 A1 EP 3206791A1 EP 14796828 A EP14796828 A EP 14796828A EP 3206791 A1 EP3206791 A1 EP 3206791A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- microdrops
- oil
- trapping
- microdroplets
- cells
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 72
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000003349 gelling agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 claims description 106
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 78
- 239000000017 hydrogel Substances 0.000 claims description 49
- 238000001879 gelation Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 210000004962 mammalian cell Anatomy 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- 240000004808 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003102 growth factor Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 claims description 5
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010257 thawing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 102000004127 Cytokines Human genes 0.000 claims description 4
- 108090000695 Cytokines Proteins 0.000 claims description 4
- 210000005260 human cell Anatomy 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000427 antigen Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 108091007433 antigens Proteins 0.000 claims description 3
- 102000036639 antigens Human genes 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000014633 carbohydrates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000013043 chemical agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002632 lipids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 12
- 229920000936 Agarose Polymers 0.000 description 10
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- FHVDTGUDJYJELY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-{[2-carboxy-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(phosphanyloxy)oxan-3-yl]oxy}-4,5-dihydroxy-3-phosphanyloxane-2-carboxylic acid Chemical compound O1C(C(O)=O)C(P)C(O)C(O)C1OC1C(C(O)=O)OC(OP)C(O)C1O FHVDTGUDJYJELY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229940072056 alginate Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 235000010443 alginic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 229920000615 alginic acid Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 4
- -1 antibodies Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005538 encapsulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 4
- BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium cation Chemical compound [Ca+2] BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000012472 biological sample Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910001424 calcium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000035899 viability Effects 0.000 description 3
- 102000012422 Collagen Type I Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108010022452 Collagen Type I Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 108091035707 Consensus sequence Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 206010028980 Neoplasm Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000030833 cell death Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003501 co-culture Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004581 coalescence Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005138 cryopreservation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000003527 eukaryotic cell Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000001963 growth medium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002372 labelling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000004698 lymphocyte Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 108010082117 matrigel Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011325 microbead Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000671 polyethylene glycol diacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000003752 polymerase chain reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000028327 secretion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000000130 stem cell Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 2
- HDTRYLNUVZCQOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N α-D-glucopyranosyl-α-D-glucopyranoside Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OC1C(O)C(O)C(O)C(CO)O1 HDTRYLNUVZCQOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108010088751 Albumins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000009027 Albumins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108091023037 Aptamer Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000002965 ELISA Methods 0.000 description 1
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010037362 Extracellular Matrix Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000010834 Extracellular Matrix Proteins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920002683 Glycosaminoglycan Polymers 0.000 description 1
- VAYOSLLFUXYJDT-RDTXWAMCSA-N Lysergic acid diethylamide Chemical compound C1=CC(C=2[C@H](N(C)C[C@@H](C=2)C(=O)N(CC)CC)C2)=C3C2=CNC3=C1 VAYOSLLFUXYJDT-RDTXWAMCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000124008 Mammalia Species 0.000 description 1
- 102000005741 Metalloproteases Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010006035 Metalloproteases Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 1
- HDTRYLNUVZCQOY-WSWWMNSNSA-N Trehalose Natural products O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 HDTRYLNUVZCQOY-WSWWMNSNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- HDTRYLNUVZCQOY-LIZSDCNHSA-N alpha,alpha-trehalose Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 HDTRYLNUVZCQOY-LIZSDCNHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002246 antineoplastic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940041181 antineoplastic drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 210000001130 astrocyte Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000004166 bioassay Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001574 biopsy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004204 blood vessel Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000004958 brain cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 201000011510 cancer Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000004113 cell culture Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000024245 cell differentiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000012292 cell migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001413 cellular effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036755 cellular response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000002236 cellular spheroid Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- UHZZMRAGKVHANO-UHFFFAOYSA-M chlormequat chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C[N+](C)(C)CCCl UHZZMRAGKVHANO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229940096422 collagen type i Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000002537 cosmetic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000004386 diacrylate group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000003745 diagnosis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002405 diagnostic procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000004069 differentiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000029087 digestion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003255 drug test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000013020 embryo development Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000002889 endothelial cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000002919 epithelial cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000003743 erythrocyte Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000002744 extracellular matrix Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000002950 fibroblast Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000005661 hydrophobic surface Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003018 immunoassay Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011534 incubation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001802 infusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000005229 liver cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000004807 localization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007102 metabolic function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035772 mutation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000002569 neuron Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000056 organ Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000008520 organization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006174 pH buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003076 paracrine Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000816 peptidomimetic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 210000001236 prokaryotic cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000035755 proliferation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011814 protection agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000017854 proteolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007261 regionalization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008521 reorganization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000000329 smooth muscle myocyte Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000000638 solvent extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005320 surfactant adsorption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002123 temporal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000001519 tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012549 training Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003949 trap density measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000004881 tumor cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
- B01L3/00—Containers or dishes for laboratory use, e.g. laboratory glassware; Droppers
- B01L3/50—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes
- B01L3/502—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes with fluid transport, e.g. in multi-compartment structures
- B01L3/5027—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes with fluid transport, e.g. in multi-compartment structures by integrated microfluidic structures, i.e. dimensions of channels and chambers are such that surface tension forces are important, e.g. lab-on-a-chip
- B01L3/502769—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes with fluid transport, e.g. in multi-compartment structures by integrated microfluidic structures, i.e. dimensions of channels and chambers are such that surface tension forces are important, e.g. lab-on-a-chip characterised by multiphase flow arrangements
- B01L3/502784—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes with fluid transport, e.g. in multi-compartment structures by integrated microfluidic structures, i.e. dimensions of channels and chambers are such that surface tension forces are important, e.g. lab-on-a-chip characterised by multiphase flow arrangements specially adapted for droplet or plug flow, e.g. digital microfluidics
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
- B01L3/00—Containers or dishes for laboratory use, e.g. laboratory glassware; Droppers
- B01L3/50—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes
- B01L3/502—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes with fluid transport, e.g. in multi-compartment structures
- B01L3/5027—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes with fluid transport, e.g. in multi-compartment structures by integrated microfluidic structures, i.e. dimensions of channels and chambers are such that surface tension forces are important, e.g. lab-on-a-chip
- B01L3/502746—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes with fluid transport, e.g. in multi-compartment structures by integrated microfluidic structures, i.e. dimensions of channels and chambers are such that surface tension forces are important, e.g. lab-on-a-chip characterised by the means for controlling flow resistance, e.g. flow controllers, baffles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
- B01L2200/00—Solutions for specific problems relating to chemical or physical laboratory apparatus
- B01L2200/06—Fluid handling related problems
- B01L2200/0642—Filling fluids into wells by specific techniques
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
- B01L2200/00—Solutions for specific problems relating to chemical or physical laboratory apparatus
- B01L2200/06—Fluid handling related problems
- B01L2200/0673—Handling of plugs of fluid surrounded by immiscible fluid
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
- B01L2300/00—Additional constructional details
- B01L2300/08—Geometry, shape and general structure
- B01L2300/0809—Geometry, shape and general structure rectangular shaped
- B01L2300/0816—Cards, e.g. flat sample carriers usually with flow in two horizontal directions
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
- B01L2300/00—Additional constructional details
- B01L2300/08—Geometry, shape and general structure
- B01L2300/0809—Geometry, shape and general structure rectangular shaped
- B01L2300/0819—Microarrays; Biochips
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
- B01L2300/00—Additional constructional details
- B01L2300/08—Geometry, shape and general structure
- B01L2300/0848—Specific forms of parts of containers
- B01L2300/0851—Bottom walls
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
- B01L2400/00—Moving or stopping fluids
- B01L2400/08—Regulating or influencing the flow resistance
- B01L2400/084—Passive control of flow resistance
- B01L2400/086—Passive control of flow resistance using baffles or other fixed flow obstructions
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
- B01L2400/00—Moving or stopping fluids
- B01L2400/08—Regulating or influencing the flow resistance
- B01L2400/084—Passive control of flow resistance
- B01L2400/088—Passive control of flow resistance by specific surface properties
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a microfluidic process for handling samples, in particular biological samples, in hydrogel microdrops.
- the invention also relates to a device for implementing such a method and to a product of samples obtained by implementing such a method.
- hydrogel microbeads including cells are made in a first microfluidic system. They are then recovered and washed in a bath, before being injected into a second microfluidic system comprising traps for fixing the microdrops.
- Such a method is however complex, which requires two separate microfluidic systems and three devices in total. In addition, it does not allow to observe the samples continuously. In particular it does not allow to observe the initial moments between the formation of the drops and their capture.
- the invention provides a method of handling in a microfluidic system of microdroplets including samples, comprising the steps of:
- microdrops of interest that is to say the microdrops which contain samples of interest - these microdroplets are first trapped in surface tension traps (or traps capillary), then some of the microdroplets and / or part of the oil surrounding them are gelled. Gelation of microdrops and / or oil around them facilitates sorting by increasing the trapping force of microdrops in traps. In other words, the gelling step makes it possible to prevent microdrops of interest from being lost.
- surface tension trap is meant a trap a zone of the microfluidic system whose geometry, with the interfacial tension of the microdrop, allows the microdrop to be held in position.
- Microfluidic system means a system whose parts are manufactured by micro-manufacturing processes. Such a system has ducts of which at least one dimension is typically less than one millimeter.
- the shape of the microdrop can be controlled. This control of the shape of the microdrop can be combined with the control of the instant of gelation of the microdrop or part of the oil surrounding it, to give access to different applications, in particular on the manipulation of cells .
- cells are meant eukaryotic cells (for example plant cells, fungi, yeasts, mammalian cells) and prokaryotic cells (for example bacteria).
- eukaryotic cells for example plant cells, fungi, yeasts, mammalian cells
- prokaryotic cells for example bacteria.
- anchorage-independent cells for example, certain cells in the blood line and highly transformed tumor cells
- anchorage-dependent cells the majority of other cell types
- spheroids means multicellular structures organized in the form of micro-tissues whose functionalities are similar to those of tissues derived from organs.
- the method according to the invention comprises one or more of the following characteristics, taken alone or in combination:
- step iii) comprises gelling at least a portion of the oil in the trapping area, excluding microdrops;
- step iii) comprises gelling at least a portion of the microdroplets, excluding the oil surrounding the microdroplets in the trapping area;
- the sample is one of one or more cells, in particular a spheroid of cells, one or more beads trapping molecules, the balls being in particular of plastic material, one or more molecules;
- step iii) is carried out after sedimentation of the samples, in particular cells, in the trapped microdroplets, in particular after formation of spheroids;
- step iii) is carried out before sedimentation of the samples in the trapped microdroplets;
- the method further comprises the step of:
- the aqueous solution replacing the oil contains a biochemical solution
- the biochemical solution preferably comprising at least one of one or more pH or salinity buffers, one or more nutrients, one or more growth factors, cytokines, a or antibodies, one or more antigens, one or more molecules, in particular of drug, one or more cells, lipids, carbohydrates, in particular in monomeric form or of polysaccharides, amino acids and / or proteins;
- the trapping area is formed by a microfluidic chip comprising the surface tension traps
- step i) consists of:
- steps i) and ii) are performed simultaneously in the trapping area, performing the actions of:
- step iii) consists of at least one of:
- the oil contains a surfactant, the process preferably comprising a step of washing the surfactant prior to step iv);
- the method comprises a step, prior to step i), of choosing the shape of the surface tension traps according to the desired shape of the microdroplets;
- the trapping area and traps are chosen for:
- the process comprises a step v) subsequent to step iii), and preferably subsequent to step iv), of thawing at least some of the gelled microdroplets in step iii);
- the method comprises a step vi), subsequent to step v), consisting in discharging the degelified microdroplets and / or the samples contained in these degelified microdroplets outside the trapping zone;
- the method comprises a step of applying a stimulus to the samples contained in at least a portion of the entrapped microgout, gelled or not;
- the method comprises a step subsequent to step iii) of pushing out of the trapping zone the microdroplets around which the oil has not been gelled, to keep in the trapping area only the microdroplets around which the oil has been gelled.
- the invention relates to a device for implementing a method as described above in all its combinations, comprising:
- a trapping zone in particular a microfluidic chip, for trapping microdrops at predetermined locations
- the gelation means may comprise a device for injecting a chemical agent into the trapping zone.
- the device may further comprise means for de-thawing at least some of the gelled hydrogel microdroplets and / or a portion of the gelled oil.
- the invention also relates to a product of gelled microdroplets, comprising a trapping area for microdroplets, in particular a microfluidic chip, and gelled microdroplets each including a sample, trapped in the trapping zone, the gelled microdroplets preferably being cryo-preserved .
- the biochemical solution may contain cryo-protection agents (DMSO, glycerol, trehalose, etc.) to allow cryo-preservation of the samples.
- cryo-protection agents DMSO, glycerol, trehalose, etc.
- the gelled microdroplets may also be immersed in a fluid, preferably in an aqueous solution or in an oil, the fluid and microdrops being preferably cryo-preserved.
- the invention also relates to a microdrop product, comprising a trapping zone, in particular a microfluidic chip, and microdrops each including a sample, trapped in the trapping zone, the microdroplets bathed in a gelled oil, the microdroplets and the microdroplet.
- gelled oil being preferably cryo-preserved.
- the samples may be mammalian cells, preferably mammalian cells excluding human cells, bacteria, yeasts or other cells used in bioprocesses, molecules, beads trapping molecules on the surface.
- FIG. 1 schematically represents a microfluidic chip
- FIG. 2 diagrammatically represents the microfluidic chip of FIG. 1, where traps are occupied by a hydrogel microdroplet containing samples
- FIG. 3 diagrammatically represents the microfluidic chip of FIG. 1 containing a mixture of hydrogel and samples to be tested
- FIGS. 4 to 6 schematically illustrate a means of evacuating a portion of the samples contained in hydrogel microdroplets trapped in a microfluidic chip, outside this microfluidic chip,
- FIGS. 7 to 12 schematically illustrate examples of geometries of surface voltage traps and the forms of microdroplets that they make it possible to obtain
- FIGS 13 to 15 schematically illustrate examples of sedimentation of samples in hydrogel microdroplets.
- the invention relates to a method of handling hydrogel microdroplets including test samples.
- the method essentially comprises three steps, all implemented in a single microfluidic system, the three steps of:
- the aqueous solution is a hydrogel solution
- the oil does not comprise a gelling agent and where the last step above is to gel at least a portion of the microdroplets trapped, without the oil being gelled.
- the method can be continued by implementing different steps, depending on the test that is to be implemented, in particular.
- the method may in particular be continued by a step consisting in replacing the oil around the gelled microdroplets with an aqueous solution, without moving the microdroplets of the surface tension traps.
- the aqueous solution may contain a biochemical solution with at least one of nutrients, growth factors, antibodies, drug molecules and buffers of pH and / or salinity.
- the method allows the control of the three-dimensional shape of hydrogel beads in a microfluidic channel and / or in surface tension traps, with for first application the encapsulation of cells in these microdroplets.
- the encapsulation of the cells in the hydrogel allows their culture or analysis, while perfusing them with biochemical solutions, or by applying to them physical stimuli such as heat or light, for example.
- Gel means a medium composed of a majority of liquid and containing molecules or particles that can be organized to give it a solid appearance, such as the absence of flow in its stable state. This solution can be handled in the liquid state and can then be “gelled” by chemical or physical means. Gelification can be reversible in some cases. When the liquid is water, it is called hydrogel.
- the proposed microfluidic process comprises a first step of forming hydrogel microdroplets containing biological cells in an oil.
- the microdrops (or microbeads) have a diameter of about one micrometer, in particular a diameter of between 10 and 1000 microns.
- the hydrogel is, for example, an aqueous solution comprising a gelling agent.
- the gelling agent is chosen by the user according to the application.
- An example of a gelling agent that can be physically gelled is agarose, which is liquid at room temperature and gels at a low temperature.
- a gelling agent that can be chemically gelled is, for example, alginate, which is liquid in solution and which gels when calcium ions Ca 2+ are added .
- the biochemical and biomechanical properties of the hydrogel may allow anchor-sensitive cells to establish specific interactions with the thus-formed matrix. These interactions are essential for the survival of anchorage-dependent mammalian cells and participate in the regulation of their phenotype.
- the nature of the matrix may, for example, make it possible to observe cell migration or proteolysis (digestion of the matrix by the cells).
- agarose, Palginate, PEG-DA (Polyethylene glycol Diacrylate) but also gelatin, collagen type I or Matrigel ®.
- hydrogels containing various proteins, glycoaminoglycans and other components of the extracellular matrix have demonstrated their ability to maintain viability, support proliferation and ability to migration, as well as to maintain the phenotype of some anchorage-dependent cell populations.
- the gels can be combined, for example by adding microdrops. To each of the hydrogels mentioned is a specific gelation procedure.
- hydrogels such as PEG-DA
- may further be functionalized to allow cell survival and / or development by incorporating peptidomimetics eg hydrogels may be functionalized with RGD-type consensus sequences upon which certain cell types Mammals can establish specific interactions or PRCG [V / N] PD or HEXGHXXGXXH consensus sequences specific to metallo proteases) or the specific molecule sensor via the incorporation of antibodies or aptamers, for example in situ capture of cytokines secreted by encapsulated lymphocytes.
- the mechanical properties of these hydrogels can also be modulated for different applications, for example by varying their degree of crosslinking and / or concentration.
- All of these physicochemical properties may differ from one trap to another within the trapping area.
- the introduction of a rigidity gradient within the trapped hydrogel microgout allows, for example, the controlled differentiation of stem cells into different cell types.
- several hydrogels can coexist in the same microdrop following a mixture or the successive formation of several layers around the gelled heart in the trap.
- the cells are mixed with the hydrogel, prior to the formation of the microdrops.
- the mixture of the hydrogel and the cells can be made directly in the microfluidic device, before the formation of microdrops.
- microdroplets After forming these microdroplets, the microdrops are transported from the zone where they were formed to the trapping zone by microchannels, driven by an oil flow and / or by slopes or rails. This routing has been found to aid in the formation of spheroids in microdrops.
- the microdroplets are then trapped by surface tension traps placed in the trapping area, in particular in a microfluidic chip.
- the trapping area (or microfluidic chip 10) is treated with a hydrophobic surface treatment and filled with an oil containing a surfactant.
- surfactant allows the stabilization of microdrops and the reproducibility of their formation.
- the surfactants also make it possible to prevent the microdroplets from coalescing if they come into contact during their transportation from the production device to traps in the trapping area.
- the microfluidic chip 10, as illustrated in FIG. 1, is composed of a culture chamber, possibly several square centimeters, containing numerous surface tension traps organized in a table or matrix.
- the surface tension traps 12 may have various shapes. For example, in the case of cylindrical traps, their diameter may range from a few tens of microns to several hundred depending on the desired application. For the encapsulation of single or individualized cells in microdrops, the diameter of the traps may be for example 50 microns, which corresponds to a density of about 5000 traps per square centimeter. For the study of large cell aggregates or spheroids, this diameter can increase to 250 microns, which corresponds to a trap density of about 250 traps per square centimeter. As illustrated in FIG. 1, the microdroplets 14 including the biological cells 16, formed outside the microfluidic chip 10, are entrained in the latter, for example by means of an oil flow illustrated by the arrow 18 so that some of these microdroplets are trapped in the surface tension traps 12.
- hydrogel microdrops containing biological cells in an oil, without precise control of the hydrogel flow containing the biological cells in the oil. Indeed, only the microdroplets having adequate dimensions are subsequently trapped in the trapping area, so that the latter is occupied by microdroplets finally having a high homogeneity in size, shape and concentration of biological cells.
- the trapping zone in particular a microfluidic chip 10, contains a hydrogel solution 20 containing biological cells 16.
- the oil trapping zone is then injected into the trapping zone. injection is shown schematically by arrow 18), which pushes the hydrogel solution containing biological cells 16 to an exit of the trapping area.
- the microdroplets then form directly at the level of the surface tension traps 12, by trapping the hydrogel in these traps of the microfluidic chip, until a configuration substantially identical to that illustrated in FIG. thus form by spontaneous division (or breakage) of the hydrogel solution containing the biological cells, on the surface tension traps.
- the traps may be of very different shapes, in particular depending on the desired application, that is to say in particular depending on the shape of the trapped microgout sought.
- the trap cavity can also be indifferently on the upper wall, bottom or one of the side walls of the trapping area, in particular the microfluidic chip.
- FIGS. 7 to 12 illustrate possible forms of the surface tension traps 12 of the microfluidic chip 10 and the shape of the microdroplets 14 which can be obtained using these surface tension traps 12.
- the shape of the trap 12 makes it possible to control the shape of the trapped microdroplets, according to the geometrical parameters of the microfluidic channel in which the trap 12 is formed, and the volume of the trapped microdroplets.
- FIG. 7 schematically illustrates the parameters to be taken into account in order to determine the profile of the microdrop, namely the radius R of the microdrop confined in a channel containing a trap 12, the height h of this channel, less than the radius R of the microdrop in the channel, and the diameter d and the depth p of the trap 12.
- the microdrop 14 When the trap 12 is cylindrical and has a diameter d greater than twice the height h of the channel, as illustrated in FIGS. 8 to 10, then the microdrop 14 returns as much as possible to the trap 12.
- the microdrop 14 may or may not have a hemispherical cap, and have or not a flat portion, confined by the walls of the channel.
- the volume of the microdrop 14 is greater than the volume of the trap 12. In this case, the microdrop 14 fills the trap 12 almost completely and has a flattened shape against the walls of the channel and the trap.
- the microdrop 14 has a slightly smaller volume than that of the trap 12, while the microdrop 14 has two hemispherical caps and only scratches the walls of the channel. Finally, if the microdrop 14 has a much smaller volume than the volume of the trap 12, as illustrated in FIG. 10, then the microdrop 14 (or even several microdroplets 14) are entirely received in the trap 12.
- the trap has a diameter d less than twice the height h of the channel.
- the microdrop 14 remains essentially confined in the channel and has only a small hemispherical cap in the trap 12.
- the trap 12 is conical and has a diameter d greater than twice the height h of the channel.
- the microdrop 14 then marries the shape of the wall of the trap 12 to form a hemispherical cap in the trap 12.
- the cells 16 sediment and settle statistically uniformly at the bottom of the microdrop 14. The cells can then be observed individually, and do not aggregate.
- the microdrop 14 trapped in a trap 12 has a non-flat bottom, in particular a convex bottom, as illustrated in FIGS. 14 and 15, then the cells 16 meet the interface of the microdrop 12 during their sedimentation, and meet again have to slide along this interface.
- the cells 16 focus thus at the bottom of the microdrop 14, and may eventually aggregate and form spheroids in the case of certain cells dependent on the anchor.
- the microfluidic process proposed here comprises, after the entrapment of the microdroplets, a step of gelation of these microdrops.
- the hydrogel contains, preferably is agarose.
- the gelation of the microdroplets is then carried out by cooling the microfluidic chip.
- the hydrogel contains or, preferably, is alginate, it is possible to bring calcium ions Ca 2+ into the oil in which the microdots are immersed, or to pre-mix calcareous particles with the alginate and saturate in C0 2 the oil in which the microdroplets bathe. The alginate is thus acidified and calcium ions are released.
- other gelling agents may be used, other means of gelation can be implemented.
- this gelation step may be carried out at different times of the handling method.
- the gelation can be done immediately after the trapping so as to freeze the cells in situ, in the microdrop, and not allow them to sediment. The cells can then be observed independently of one another.
- the gelation is carried out after the sedimentation of the cells to form spheroids. This makes it possible to observe the behavior of the cells having formed a spheroid.
- gelation of the microdroplets is implemented only after manipulation of the cells in a liquid medium, for example to extract certain cells - those in ungelled microdroplets - selectively. This may be useful for cells such as bacteria or erythrocytes and leucocytes, which are independent of anchorage.
- aqueous solution containing in particular a biochemical solution comprising biochemical components such as nutrients, growth factors, antibodies, drugs or drug molecules, for example.
- biochemical components such as nutrients, growth factors, antibodies, drugs or drug molecules, for example.
- biochemical components diffuse into the gel and reach the cells. It is thus possible to study the reaction of cells, independent or in the form of spheroids, with these stimuli.
- the hydrogel thus keeps the cells in a precise location, while allowing their infusion by an aqueous phase and having previously compartmentalized the biological sample during encapsulation of cells in microdrops.
- the surfactant from the interfaces of microdrops.
- the shell formed by the surfactants at the interface of the microdroplets can indeed be so effective that it prevents the aqueous phase, which is injected to replace the oil, to fill the micro fluidic chip, keeping the microdroplets gelled in their respective traps.
- the arrival of the interface of the aqueous phase at a trap results in a force applied to the gelled microgout which can be removed from the trap if the hydrogel which composes it is sufficiently compressible. Therefore, it is preferable to promote coalescence by decreasing the concentration of surfactant at the interface.
- the micro fluidic chip is perfused before injection of the aqueous phase with oil which, unlike the oil used previously, does not contain surfactant.
- concentration of surfactant in the oil of the microfluidic chip decreases, which makes it possible to shift the surfactant adsorption balance at the interface towards the desorption.
- concentrations of surfactant for example of the order of a few percent by weight, it is preferable to infuse the microfluidic chip with an amount of oil equivalent to 50 times the volume of the microfluidic chip. This ratio depends on the nature of the surfactant (s) and its affinity for both phases.
- the shape of the traps can also be optimized to maintain the position of gelled microdroplets in the traps.
- the height of the channel is greater than the radius of the trap, the entry of the microdrop into the trap will be minimal, resulting in a low trapping efficiency.
- the microdrop when the channel height is smaller than the trap radius, the microdrop, provided it is large enough, penetrates strongly into the trap cavity, resulting in a high trapping efficiency. The microdrops remain in place regardless of the speed of the external flow.
- the shape of the microdrop is very close to its shape in the channel while in the second case, it adopts locally the shape of the trap.
- the gelling agent of the chosen hydrogel is reversible, it is possible to defrost the microdrops and then to evacuate their contents out of the microfluidic chip, as illustrated in FIGS. 4 to 6.
- the microdroplets 14 are gelled agarose microdrops, for example. These microdroplets 14 of agarose are de-lined one by one by heating them locally (the heating being illustrated by flashes 21), in particular using an infra-red laser or electrodes. Heat liquefies agarose.
- the phase surrounding the microdroplets 14 is aqueous
- the content 16 of the degelified agarose mixes with the aqueous phase. It is then possible to entrain this content by the stream 22 of the aqueous phase, possibly to recover it. It is also possible to eliminate the cells considered as non-interesting microfluidic chip 10.
- the shape and size of the trap are preferably chosen to allow the extraction of cells. For example, in the case where the cells must remain viable, the trap is sized large enough that the heating of the hydrogel does not induce the mechanisms of cell death does not induce the mechanisms of cell death.
- the phase surrounding the microdrops is oily
- an oil flow may be imposed to dislodge the liquid microdrop from the trap.
- the shape and the force of the trap are preferably dimensioned so as to allow the extraction of the selected microdroplet only, and not others. This sizing depends in particular on the value of the surface tension between the aqueous phase and the oil, as well as the rigidity of the gel microdroplets and their shape inside the trap.
- Another alternative is to maintain liquid microdrops for handling suspended cells, for example bacteria. Gelification is then carried out only for the selective extraction of microdrops. In this case, one can either gel all microdrops before extraction and apply the protocol described above, or on the contrary only gel microdrops that want to keep in the traps.
- the process presented makes it possible, thanks to slight modifications, to be interested in very varied biological applications.
- the device can of course also be modified by adjusting the height of the channel in the microfluidic chip and the geometry of the traps.
- rapid gelation with low cell concentration makes it possible to individualize a few unique cells in each microdrop while trying to limit their direct interactions.
- These cells may for example be bacteria, yeasts or mammalian cells.
- a high concentration of cells with always rapid gelation allows to obtain a large number of cells always individualized but close to each other.
- the cells may however be kept encapsulated for a long time in the liquid phase before gelation.
- a low concentration of cells then makes it possible, for example, to study cells in suspension, independent of the anchoring, such as lymphocytes.
- a high concentration of cells and a form of trapped microdroplets allowing the sedimentation of the cells makes it possible to put in contact the cells which will be able to be reorganized into spheroids.
- the method can also make it possible to form spheroids directly in the chip in a controlled manner.
- the volume of the microdroplets created can be controlled by the microdrop formation device upstream of the microfluidic chip. This volume is preferably adjusted so that the microdrops, once trapped, have a diameter equal to that of the trap and a spherical shape. To do this, the depth of the trap is preferably at least equal to its diameter. The fact that the diameter of the trapped microgout coincides with that of the trap makes it possible to ensure a high trapping efficiency.
- the spherical shape promotes the formation of spheroids.
- the microdrops preferably contain cells in suspension in an aqueous phase comprising or consisting of culture medium and hydrogel.
- the external oil flow is stopped, which stops the recirculation within microdroplets and promotes sedimentation of the cells.
- the spherical shape of the microdrops in the traps then induces a concentration of the cells at their lowest points until they come into contact. Keeping the chip at rest, under conditions favorable to the survival and proper metabolic function of the cells, especially in temperature, for a period ranging from several hours to several days, allows the reorganization of the concentrated cells at the bottom of the trapped microgout, as a spheroid.
- the time required for the formation of spheroids may in particular depend on the cell type used and the composition of the hydrogel. For H4IIEC3 rat liver cells in a 1% mass agarose solution diluted in culture medium, this duration was found to be less than 24 hours. Of course, the hydrogel is kept liquid during the formation time of the spheroids.
- the size of the spheroids is given by the number of cells encapsulated in each microdrop and therefore by the concentration of the cell solution injected into the microfluidic chip.
- the distribution of the number of cells per microdroplet, and therefore that of the size of the spheroids formed, is very homogeneous provided that the cells are sufficiently individualized at the time of injection.
- 98% of the traps were filled with a liquid agarose microdroplet which after 24 hours of incubation contained a well-reorganized spheroid.
- the spheroids obtained in the micro fluidic chip can be kept in culture for several days.
- spheroids of H4IIEC3 cells encapsulated in agarose can be cultured in the flea for a week without significantly impairing their viability while retaining strong functionality (in this example a strong and continuous albumin secretion).
- the method presented here and the microfluidic chip obtained by implementing it, constitute an excellent tool for screening drugs.
- the high efficiency of the formation process of these spheroids also makes it possible to create a large number from very limited samples. 500 spheroids of about 70 ⁇ in diameter can thus be formed with only 100,000 cells.
- the cells that make up the spheroids can also be of different types to address themes of co-culture. These cell types can be homogeneously mixed in solution before injection into the chip or be arranged according to a certain structural organization, in several layers of successive hydrogels or simply by adhesion to the hydrogel after being perfused into the external aqueous phase.
- fibroblasts and epithelial cells can be combined to form a skin model and to test the toxicity of cosmetic products, neurons and astrocytes to model the brain, or endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells as in the wall of the skin. blood vessel.
- the method presented here achieves very advanced control of the microenvironment of cells in culture, it is also an excellent tool for the study of stem cell differentiation.
- the encapsulated cells may indeed be subjected to a whole range of concentration of differentiating factors and, potentially at the same time, to a whole range of rigidity of the matrix, for example by adjusting the concentration of the hydrogel.
- the method can be used to observe the embryonic development over time in interaction with the physicochemical factors of the external environment.
- this method makes it possible to make a medical diagnosis based on the response of the cells to certain markers.
- the cells are captured with a very low rate of losses.
- the cells can then be subjected to known diagnostic tests for certain diseases, such as a characterization of a cancerous biopsy.
- PCR polymerase chain reaction
- FISH FISH method.
- the expression of specific proteins can also be detected by labeling methods, for example by providing antibodies for immuno-labeling or for an enzyme immunoassay method ELIS A (Enzyme-Linked ImmunoSorbent Assay). in situ.
- the process described above offers the possibility of carrying out all the analysis and cell culture steps in a microfluidic chip, thanks to the gelation of the microdroplets following their trapping in the chip. This makes it possible to use much smaller volumes of reagents than for tests carried out in multiwell plates or in culture dishes. This also allows tracking of cell responses over time, following different stimuli.
- hydrogel microdrops containing cells means for forming hydrogel microdrops containing cells, a trapping zone, in particular a microfluidic chip, for trapping the hydrogel microdroplets at predetermined locations, and
- the gelation means comprise, for example, a device for injecting a chemical agent into the trapping zone and / or temperature control means, for example for cooling the microfluidic chip.
- the device may also include means for de-thawing at least some of the gelled hydrogel microdroplets, for example a laser.
- a gelled microdrop product comprising a microdrop trapping zone, in particular a microfluidic chip, and gelled microdroplets each including one or more cells trapped in the trapping zone, the microdroplets.
- gelled are preferably cryopreserved.
- Cells can be aggregated as clusters or spheroids.
- the gelled microdroplets may be immersed in a fluid, preferably in an aqueous solution or in an oil, the fluid and microdrops being preferably cryo-preserved. This cryo-preservation allows in particular the maintenance of the cells under stable conditions for a long time, with a view to transporting them or storing them for later analysis.
- the biological cells encapsulated in the microdroplets may be bacteria, yeasts, eukaryotic cells, mammalian cells, preferably mammalian cells excluding human cells, more preferably rat or other mammalian cells. , or human cells isolated from their natural environment.
- samples used in addition to cells, may in particular also be molecules, functionalized plastic beads by coupling them to molecules.
- the trapped microdroplets can be fused with other microdrops made by the aqueous solution stream.
- the aqueous solution of which the microdrops are constituted may contain a biochemical solution, the biochemical solution preferably comprising at least one of lipids (fatty acids, etc.), carbohydrates (in monomeric form or polysaccharides, etc.). ), amino acids and proteins (growth factors, cytokines, antibodies, antigens etc.), as well as salinity and / or pH buffers.
- the oil (or oily phase) surrounding the microdroplets may contain fluorinated oils (FC40 type) or water-immiscible photo-crosslinkable solutions (Norland Optical Adhesive type), which once polymerized to gel the oil and thus physically and selectively isolate microdrops. It is thus possible to partition, isolate in a more robust manner, the microdrops with respect to each other. This prevents two microdrops merge, causing a mixture of the samples they contain. This also makes it possible to store the samples in a sustainable manner, the risks of evaporation, in particular, microdroplets being greatly reduced due to the partitioning of the microdroplets by the gelled oil, which forms a solid compartment around the microdroplets.
- FC40 type fluorinated oils
- Norland Optical Adhesive type water-immiscible photo-crosslinkable solutions
- the microdroplets around which the oil has not gelled can be pushed out of the trapping zone. To do this, it is possible to implement a flow of oil or another fluid in the trapping zone, the flow being sufficiently strong to drive the microdroplets. It is thus possible to keep in the trapping zone only the microdrops around which the oil has been gelled.
- microdrops can be gelled even in the case where the oil is gelled.
- the process may of course include in this case where a part of the oil is gelled, a subsequent step of degelling the gelled oil.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Hematology (AREA)
- Clinical Laboratory Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Apparatus Associated With Microorganisms And Enzymes (AREA)
- Micro-Organisms Or Cultivation Processes Thereof (AREA)
- Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
- Colloid Chemistry (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/FR2014/052655 WO2016059302A1 (fr) | 2014-10-17 | 2014-10-17 | Procédé de manipulation de microgouttes incluant des échantillons |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3206791A1 true EP3206791A1 (fr) | 2017-08-23 |
EP3206791B1 EP3206791B1 (fr) | 2020-12-09 |
Family
ID=51897384
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP14796828.3A Active EP3206791B1 (fr) | 2014-10-17 | 2014-10-17 | Procédé de manipulation de microgouttes incluant des échantillons |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US10710077B2 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP3206791B1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JP2017537772A (fr) |
CN (1) | CN107109319B (fr) |
ES (1) | ES2856733T3 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2016059302A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (19)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP3206791B1 (fr) * | 2014-10-17 | 2020-12-09 | Ecole Polytechnique | Procédé de manipulation de microgouttes incluant des échantillons |
KR102334118B1 (ko) * | 2015-04-22 | 2021-12-01 | 버클리 라잇츠, 인크. | 마이크로유체 디바이스 상에서의 세포들의 동결 및 보관 |
US11352661B2 (en) | 2016-07-12 | 2022-06-07 | Northeastern University | Single cell fluorescence in situ hybridization in microfluidic droplets |
FR3056927B1 (fr) * | 2016-09-30 | 2021-07-09 | Ecole Polytech | Procede microfluidique de manipulation de microgouttes |
US11131673B2 (en) | 2017-04-27 | 2021-09-28 | Northeastern University | Live single-cell bioassay in microdroplets |
CN110997900B (zh) * | 2017-07-14 | 2024-06-14 | 多伦多大学管理委员会 | 用于快速产生用于化合物筛选的类器官/球状体的微流体平台 |
JP2019062832A (ja) * | 2017-10-02 | 2019-04-25 | 国立大学法人京都大学 | スフェロイドを製造するためのデバイス、スフェロイドの製造及び回収方法 |
CA3092482A1 (fr) * | 2018-03-02 | 2019-09-06 | Quantumcyte, Inc. | Procedes, compositions et dispositifs pour isoler et analyser l'expression de regions d'interet a partir d'un tissu |
DE102018204624A1 (de) * | 2018-03-27 | 2019-10-02 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Verfahren und mikrofluidische Vorrichtung zur Aliquotierung einer Probenflüssigkeit unter Verwendung einer Versiegelungsflüssigkeit, Verfahren zum Herstellen einer mikrofluidischen Vorrichtung und mikrofluidisches System |
WO2020094827A1 (fr) | 2018-11-09 | 2020-05-14 | Eth Zurich | Concentrateur de gouttelettes microfluidiques |
EP3921081A4 (fr) | 2019-02-04 | 2022-11-30 | Illumina Inc | Générateurs de gouttelettes microfluidiques |
FR3098128B1 (fr) * | 2019-07-05 | 2023-11-17 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Dispositif microfluidique comportant une microgoutte présentant une matrice sol-gel. |
CN110982882B (zh) * | 2019-12-20 | 2023-06-20 | 南通大学 | 用于单细胞固定-隔离并原位核酸扩增的微流控芯片及其应用 |
CN111019805B (zh) * | 2019-12-20 | 2023-01-24 | 南通大学 | 用于单细胞固定并原位进行医学分析的微流控芯片装置及其应用 |
CN112774748B (zh) * | 2021-01-22 | 2023-02-17 | 中国科学院上海微系统与信息技术研究所 | 一种微坑锚定液滴阵列芯片及液滴生成方法和应用 |
CN115138402A (zh) * | 2021-03-31 | 2022-10-04 | 中国科学院深圳先进技术研究院 | 一种能够设置化学浓度梯度的微流控芯片及其制备方法和应用 |
US20240318134A1 (en) * | 2021-07-22 | 2024-09-26 | Institut Pasteur | In vitro generation of organized 3d cell structures including head-trunk embryo-like structures, using epigenetic remodeling factors-microfluidic platform suitable for their generation |
EP4219685A1 (fr) * | 2022-01-31 | 2023-08-02 | Institut Pasteur | Production in vitro de structures cellulaires 3d organisées comprenant des structures embryonnaires tête-tronc, utilisant des facteurs de remodelage épigénétique - plateforme microfluidique appropriée pour leur production |
CN113617403A (zh) * | 2021-08-05 | 2021-11-09 | 上海交通大学 | 一种新型单细胞western blot的微流控芯片 |
Family Cites Families (20)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CA2290731A1 (fr) * | 1999-11-26 | 2001-05-26 | D. Jed Harrison | Appareil et methode de piegeage de reactifs en forme de perles, dans le cadre d'un systeme d'analyse de microfluides |
US6432290B1 (en) * | 1999-11-26 | 2002-08-13 | The Governors Of The University Of Alberta | Apparatus and method for trapping bead based reagents within microfluidic analysis systems |
US20030049320A1 (en) * | 2000-12-18 | 2003-03-13 | Wockhardt Limited | Novel in-situ forming controlled release microcarrier delivery system |
JP2007075094A (ja) | 2005-09-15 | 2007-03-29 | Minoru Seki | 流路内ゲル作製のための構造および方法 |
US20140193807A1 (en) * | 2006-04-18 | 2014-07-10 | Advanced Liquid Logic, Inc. | Bead manipulation techniques |
US8637317B2 (en) * | 2006-04-18 | 2014-01-28 | Advanced Liquid Logic, Inc. | Method of washing beads |
JP4911592B2 (ja) * | 2006-11-01 | 2012-04-04 | 財団法人生産技術研究奨励会 | エマルジョンの製造方法及びその製造装置 |
JP2008245612A (ja) * | 2007-03-30 | 2008-10-16 | Hitachi Ltd | 試料調製法および装置 |
US20100233693A1 (en) * | 2007-04-16 | 2010-09-16 | On-O-ity, Inc | Methods for diagnosing, prognosing, or theranosing a condition using rare cells |
US9409177B2 (en) * | 2008-03-21 | 2016-08-09 | Lawrence Livermore National Security, Llc | Chip-based device for parallel sorting, amplification, detection, and identification of nucleic acid subsequences |
WO2010080978A2 (fr) * | 2009-01-08 | 2010-07-15 | The General Hospital Corporation | Appauvrissement préalable en leucocytes dans des échantillons de sang total avant capture des constituants du sang total |
FR2958186A1 (fr) | 2010-03-30 | 2011-10-07 | Ecole Polytech | Dispositif de formation de gouttes dans un circuit microfluide. |
WO2012016136A2 (fr) * | 2010-07-30 | 2012-02-02 | The General Hospital Corporation | Structures à l'échelle microscopique et nanoscopique pour la manipulation des particules |
JP5700419B2 (ja) * | 2011-02-21 | 2015-04-15 | 国立大学法人 千葉大学 | ハイドロゲル基材の作製方法および細胞集塊の形成方法 |
CN103084225B (zh) * | 2011-10-27 | 2015-02-04 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | 一种高通量微凝胶固定方法及其专用微流控芯片 |
PL398979A1 (pl) * | 2012-04-25 | 2013-10-28 | Scope Fluidics Spólka Z Ograniczona Odpowiedzialnoscia | Urzadzenie mikroprzeplywowe i uklad mikroprzeplywowy obejmujacy jedno lub wiecej urzadzen mikroprzeplywowych |
CA2881783A1 (fr) * | 2012-08-13 | 2014-02-20 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Procedes et systemes de detection de composants biologiques |
US20180250686A2 (en) * | 2013-08-30 | 2018-09-06 | University Of Washington Through Its Center For Commercialization | Apparatus and method for manipulation of discrete polarizable objects and phases |
EP3160654A4 (fr) * | 2014-06-27 | 2017-11-15 | The Regents of The University of California | Tri activé par pcr (pas) |
EP3206791B1 (fr) * | 2014-10-17 | 2020-12-09 | Ecole Polytechnique | Procédé de manipulation de microgouttes incluant des échantillons |
-
2014
- 2014-10-17 EP EP14796828.3A patent/EP3206791B1/fr active Active
- 2014-10-17 WO PCT/FR2014/052655 patent/WO2016059302A1/fr active Application Filing
- 2014-10-17 CN CN201480082752.5A patent/CN107109319B/zh active Active
- 2014-10-17 ES ES14796828T patent/ES2856733T3/es active Active
- 2014-10-17 US US15/519,574 patent/US10710077B2/en active Active
- 2014-10-17 JP JP2017520412A patent/JP2017537772A/ja active Pending
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP3206791B1 (fr) | 2020-12-09 |
ES2856733T3 (es) | 2021-09-28 |
JP2017537772A (ja) | 2017-12-21 |
US20170252744A1 (en) | 2017-09-07 |
CN107109319B (zh) | 2020-11-27 |
WO2016059302A1 (fr) | 2016-04-21 |
US10710077B2 (en) | 2020-07-14 |
CN107109319A (zh) | 2017-08-29 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
EP3206791B1 (fr) | Procédé de manipulation de microgouttes incluant des échantillons | |
Teixeira et al. | Emerging biotechnology applications of aqueous two‐phase systems | |
Leoni et al. | Nanoporous biocapsules for the encapsulation of insulinoma cells: biotransport and biocompatibility considerations | |
Song et al. | All-aqueous electrosprayed emulsion for templated fabrication of cytocompatible microcapsules | |
EP2119503B1 (fr) | Système microfluidique et procédé pour le tri d'amas de cellules et pour leur encapsulation en continu suite à leur tri | |
WO2018060471A1 (fr) | Procede microfluidique de manipulation de microgouttes | |
US20190212332A1 (en) | MlCRO-SCREENING AND SORTING APPARATUS, PROCESS, AND PRODUCTS | |
FI131135B1 (en) | MICROFLUIDIC CELL CULTURE DEVICE AND METHOD FOR CELL CULTURE | |
US20190282510A1 (en) | Method of encapsulating cells using a microfluidic encapsulation device | |
FR3027678A1 (fr) | Procede de detection d'organismes dans un echantillon dilue | |
Steinacher et al. | Monodisperse selectively permeable hydrogel capsules made from single emulsion drops | |
Thiele | Polymer Material Design by Microfluidics Inspired by Cell Biology and Cell‐Free Biotechnology | |
Nuss et al. | Microfluidic trap-and-release system for lab-on-a-chip-based studies on giant vesicles | |
JP7135049B2 (ja) | サンプルを含むマイクロ液滴を取り扱うための方法 | |
EP3712244B1 (fr) | Procédé d'enrichissement en gaz et simultanément de déplacement d'un fluide et système pour le contrôle de l'environnement cellulaire sur une plaque de culture cellulaire multipuits correspondant | |
TWI588256B (zh) | 單細胞擷取與培養之裝置與方法 | |
US20230257732A1 (en) | Degradable hollow shell particles for high-throughput screening and sorting of cells | |
Ivanov et al. | Polymeric Microreactors with pH-Controlled Spatial Localization of Cascade Reactions | |
JP6238208B2 (ja) | 細胞展開用マイクロチャンバーチップ | |
US9926551B2 (en) | Encapsulating device and encapsulating method for encapsulating a sample in a polymer capsule | |
KR102360763B1 (ko) | 세포가 캡슐화된 알지네이트 비드 제조용 미세유체소자 및 이를 이용한 세포가 캡슐화된 알지네이트 비드의 제조방법 | |
EP4440735A1 (fr) | Microcapsule et procédés de fabrication et d'utilisation de celle-ci | |
Deveney | Methods and Materials to Generate Antibody Repertoire Libraries | |
FR3088719A1 (fr) | Procede de preparation d'un echantillon a analyser obtenu a partir de matrice alimentaire | |
Takeuchi | Microfluidics for Biofabrication |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE INTERNATIONAL PUBLICATION HAS BEEN MADE |
|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: REQUEST FOR EXAMINATION WAS MADE |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20170517 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR |
|
AX | Request for extension of the european patent |
Extension state: BA ME |
|
DAX | Request for extension of the european patent (deleted) | ||
RIN1 | Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected) |
Inventor name: SART, SEBASTIEN Inventor name: TOMASI, RAPHAEL Inventor name: AMSELEM, GABRIEL Inventor name: BAROUD, CHARLES |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: EXAMINATION IS IN PROGRESS |
|
17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 20180731 |
|
GRAJ | Information related to disapproval of communication of intention to grant by the applicant or resumption of examination proceedings by the epo deleted |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSDIGR1 |
|
GRAP | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1 |
|
GRAP | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: GRANT OF PATENT IS INTENDED |
|
INTG | Intention to grant announced |
Effective date: 20200518 |
|
GRAS | Grant fee paid |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3 |
|
GRAA | (expected) grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE PATENT HAS BEEN GRANTED |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: B1 Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: GB Ref legal event code: FG4D Free format text: NOT ENGLISH |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: AT Ref legal event code: REF Ref document number: 1342847 Country of ref document: AT Kind code of ref document: T Effective date: 20201215 Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: EP |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R096 Ref document number: 602014073219 Country of ref document: DE |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: IE Ref legal event code: FG4D Free format text: LANGUAGE OF EP DOCUMENT: FRENCH |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: NL Ref legal event code: FP |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20210310 Ref country code: NO Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20210309 Ref country code: FI Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20201209 Ref country code: RS Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20201209 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: LV Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20201209 Ref country code: SE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20201209 Ref country code: BG Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20210309 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: HR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20201209 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: LT Ref legal event code: MG9D |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: LT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20201209 Ref country code: PT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20210409 Ref country code: RO Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20201209 Ref country code: SK Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20201209 Ref country code: SM Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20201209 Ref country code: CZ Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20201209 Ref country code: EE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20201209 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: PL Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20201209 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R097 Ref document number: 602014073219 Country of ref document: DE |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: AT Ref legal event code: UEP Ref document number: 1342847 Country of ref document: AT Kind code of ref document: T Effective date: 20201209 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: ES Ref legal event code: FG2A Ref document number: 2856733 Country of ref document: ES Kind code of ref document: T3 Effective date: 20210928 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IS Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20210409 |
|
PLBE | No opposition filed within time limit |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: AL Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20201209 |
|
26N | No opposition filed |
Effective date: 20210910 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DK Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20201209 Ref country code: SI Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20201209 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IS Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20210409 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: MC Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20201209 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: LU Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20211017 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20211017 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: HU Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT; INVALID AB INITIO Effective date: 20141017 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: CY Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20201209 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: NL Payment date: 20231019 Year of fee payment: 10 Ref country code: FR Payment date: 20230927 Year of fee payment: 10 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GB Payment date: 20231020 Year of fee payment: 10 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: ES Payment date: 20231227 Year of fee payment: 10 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IT Payment date: 20231026 Year of fee payment: 10 Ref country code: DE Payment date: 20231020 Year of fee payment: 10 Ref country code: CH Payment date: 20231102 Year of fee payment: 10 Ref country code: AT Payment date: 20231020 Year of fee payment: 10 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: BE Payment date: 20231019 Year of fee payment: 10 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: MK Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20201209 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: MT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20201209 |