Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
  • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
  • H01M50/256—Carrying devices, e.g. belts
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
  • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
  • A62C3/00—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
  • A62C3/06—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places of highly inflammable material, e.g. light metals, petroleum products
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
  • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
  • A62C3/00—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
  • A62C3/16—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places in electrical installations, e.g. cableways
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
  • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
  • C03C11/00—Multi-cellular glass ; Porous or hollow glass or glass particles
  • C03C11/002—Hollow glass particles
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
  • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
  • H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
  • H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
  • H01M10/54—Reclaiming serviceable parts of waste accumulators
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
  • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
  • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
  • H01M50/233—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions
  • H01M50/24—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions adapted for protecting batteries from their environment, e.g. from corrosion
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M6/00—Primary cells; Manufacture thereof
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M6/00—Primary cells; Manufacture thereof
  • H01M6/52—Reclaiming serviceable parts of waste cells or batteries, e.g. recycling
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
  • H01M8/008—Disposal or recycling of fuel cells
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
  • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
  • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
  • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
  • H01M50/271—Lids or covers for the racks or secondary casings
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
  • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
  • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
  • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
  • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
  • Y02W30/84—Recycling of batteries or fuel cells

Definitions

• the invention relates to a device for transporting spent, damaged or defective galvanic cells while preventing and combating safety-critical states of the galvanic cells, in particular lithium ion-based cells and / or lithium-ion polymer cells, with an outer container defining a space, wherein in the Space an inner container is arranged. Furthermore, the invention relates to a storage and transport method for used, damaged or defective galvanic cells and fire protection pillows for
• galvanic cell is understood to mean devices for the spontaneous conversion of chemical energy into electrical energy, which are subdivided into three groups.
• a) primary cells colloquially referred to as a battery.
• the cell is charged and can only be discharged once.
• the discharge is irreversible and the primary cell can no longer be charged electrically.
• secondary cells colloquially referred to as accumulator. After a discharge secondary cells can be recharged by a opposite direction opposite to the discharge current direction again.
• lithium ion-based cells come into question in the context of the invention.
• fuel cells also referred to as tertiary cells. In these galvanic cells, the chemical energy source is continuously supplied from outside. This allows a continuous and in principle time-unlimited operation.
• the invention is applicable in principle to all three types of galvanic cells, but in particular directed to the metal ion-based cells and more particularly to the lithium ion-based cells and / or lithium ion polymer cells.
• Lithium ion-based cells are increasingly being used today in a variety of fields .
• This material is sometimes very reactive harmful to health, and possibly highly toxic. It is also possible that the released material ignites and there are fire and / or explosion events.
• lithium hexafluorophosphate is used as the electrolyte in almost all lithium-ion batteries, which leak when the battery is damaged and can decompose to highly reactive and toxic compounds (hydrofluoric acid, etc.). If, despite all precautionary measures, a safety-critical condition occurs, countermeasures must be initiated. If it comes, for example, In case of fire, measures are needed to fight the fire and to avoid environmental contamination. Safety Critical Conditions include:
• From DE 10 2006 019 739 B4 is a system for extinguishing fires in a danger object using an extinguishing agent with at least one
• the extinguishing agent used is a hollow round granulate which is resistant to temperatures of at least 1000 degrees and whose diameter is between 0.1 mm and 5 mm. This system has already proven itself, but requires active conveyors, sensors, etc. and is therefore more suitable for industrial plants in question.
• From EP 2 167 439 B1 is a use of a fire retardant consisting of up to at least 1000 ° C temperature-resistant hollow round granules of hollow glass spheres, the diameter of the round granules between 0.1 mm and 5 mm, for preventive fire protection by permanent application to the danger object and / or permanently filling the danger object with the
• Fire protection known. This idea has also proven itself, but is particularly suitable for floating application in tank farms or backfilling of cable ducts etc.
• WO 201 1/01541 1 A1 discloses a method for controlling and / or preventing a fire of one or more battery cells, preferably lithium-ion cells, in which an aqueous solution of a calcium salt and a gel extinguishing agent are used.
• a method for the safe comminution of batteries comprising the steps: a) providing one or more batteries to be comminuted; and b) mechanical comminution of the provided batteries, the comminution process taking place in the presence of: i) ,
• At least one metal fire retardant which is capable of suppressing or reducing a fire of the batteries; and of ii) at least one
• Binder which is suitable for binding acids and / or bases.
• a transport device for dangerous goods in particular electrochemical energy storage devices is known, which may have a safety device and a container for the dangerous goods, which is filled with a filling material.
• the object of the invention is in contrast to provide an alternative to the transport and storage of spent, damaged or defective galvanic cells while preventing and combating safety-critical conditions of the galvanic cells, which facilitates handling, allows safe transport or storage and allows error-free handling ,
• the invention also relates to corresponding fire protection cushion and their use in the device. According to the invention it has been recognized that, when the inner container has spacers to maintain a distance to the bottom and inner sides of the outer container, wherein in the inner container at least one receptacle for receiving at least one galvanic cell is arranged, wherein free
• Containers are filled gradually and then in turn into the ,
• Inner container introduced and surrounded with fire protection.
• the smaller, portable receptacle can be temporarily placed at the required location and introduced to the actual storage or transport in the outer container. This makes it possible for the first time to introduce a take-back system for lithium-ion batteries, as it was previously the case for the unproblematic classic
• Alkaline batteries is known.
• the inner container is divided into at least two compartments, in which case the compartments are preferably separated by a vertically extending wall.
• this increases the stability of the inner container and, on the other hand, it more effectively prevents slippage or spreading of a critical state.
• the bottom of the inner container is provided with openings or a grid floor, so that on the one hand the inner container without problems in an outer container with fire retardant introduced as bulk or
• the inner container In order to simplify placement of the receptacle and ensure its correct placement in the inner container, the inner container to the
• the receptacle for the fire protection material at least on the ground permeable basket for receiving at least one galvanic cell can be arranged so that the introduction and in particular the lifting of the batteries in or from the fire protection material is simplified, if the receptacle is also filled.
• the basket is a wire basket, which optionally consists of powder-coated wire.
• the basket may have only a permeable (wire mesh) bottom and solid impermeable sidewalls.
• the basket is made of a non-conductive material.
• the basket can be provided with spacers.
• the basket only in the with
• Fire protection material filled containers are introduced. The distances are thus “automatically” observed and in the transport despite jolts and jerking.
• the basket may be provided with partitions in the interior to form compartments for individual batteries, so that they always comply with the required distance from each other.
• the spacers can in the simplest case of a
• Ironing structure may be formed, e.g. is formed as part of the basket and protrudes outward.
• the spacers can be arranged on the bottom and / or on the side walls of the basket, so that the distances to the ground and / or the
• the mesh size or size of the openings can be adapted to the size of the
• the basket may be provided with brackets to facilitate manual or mechanical handling, e.g. Extract, simplify, be provided. This can e.g. Bow handles, eyelets, etc. be.
• the preferred fire retardant consists only of hollow glass granules, i. it contains only hollow glass granules and no other ingredients.
• the hollow glass granules are one to at least 750 °, preferably 1000 ° C.
• hollow glass granules are also known as expanded glass granules.
• the hollow glass granules used have one corresponding to the safety risk ,
• Atmosphere displacing oxygen and prevent ignition sources. Furthermore, it has no electrical conductivity. In addition, it is absorbent and can therefore absorb leaking electrolytes from the cells.
• the fire retardant may be used (in all areas of the device) as a loose fill and / or in the form of suitably filled fire protection cushions, i.
• the pillows have as filling only the fire protection material.
• Its shell is made of a temperature-resistant (non-flammable or flame-retardant), dust-proof, moisture-permeable flexible fabric such.
• Fiberglass fabric Alternatively, polyethylene fabric or film can also be used. Then the cushion "actively" decomposes on fire and the filling becomes free
• the properties of the hollow glass granules used are given above and are also used in the embedding.
• the fire-retardant acts by "suffocation" of the potential fire, since the round granulate settles after the densest ball packing from a certain layer thickness air displacing and sealing on the galvanic cells.
• the round granulate consists of an inert glass material. This allows a particularly good pouring and trickling and creeping and thus good
• the hollow glass granules are also absorbent, i. it can be leaking
• the fire protection cushions can be "simply” placed under, between, around, beside and / or on the areas in question, whereby the cushions can be crunched into the required shape and dust is prevented as far as possible so that no respiratory protection is needed.
• the system allows the reuse of the without problems and it is practically wear-free.
• the fire retardant needs to be replaced only in case of consumption or contamination.
• the invention also relates to a storage and transport method according to claim 9.
• the galvanic cells in question are embedded in a hollow glass granulate serving as a fire retardant for storage / transport to prevent safety-critical conditions in the apparatus described above.
• the closed container prevents the case of inflammation of the cells
• the hollow glass granules suffocate one
• the cells are thereby embedded directly into an amount of hollow glass granulate calculated according to the safety risk.
• the outer container has at least one safety valve to prevent overpressure.
• the safety valve can be protected on the inside of the outer container by a mesh braid, foam, etc. before the end rings of hollow glass granules.
• Fig. 1 is a schematic sectional side view of an inventive
• Container for collecting, storing and transporting lithium ion batteries
• Fig. 2 shows the container of Figure 1 in a plan view in section along the line A-A.
• the outer container 100 has inside first an inner container 101, in which in turn four receptacles 1 are placed, two side by side and two on each other.
• the outer container 100 is a safety container for dangerous goods transport and has a (not shown) pressure relief valve.
• the outer container 100 has an outer wall 102 and a bottom 103
• the intermediate space 109 between outer container 100 and inner container 101 is filled with hollow glass granules 5, as well as the receptacle. 1
• the receptacle 1 are positioned on rails 1 1 1 in the compartments 1 10 so that they can not slip.
• the rails 1 1 1 extend vertically to the ,
• the inner container 101 and its fan 1 10 are stuffed with fire protection pad 1 12, which under the first receptacle 1 and between the
• Receiving containers 1 and side of these are arranged.
• the fire protection pad 1 12 are filled with hollow glass granules 5 and have as shell 1 13 a temperature-resistant, dust-proof, moisture-permeable flexible plastic fabric.
• the receptacle 1 defines with an outer wall 2 and a bottom 3 (and the cover, not shown) in the interior of a space 4 which is filled with a bed of hollow glass granules 5.
• the hollow glass granules 5 is inert, non-conductive and non-combustible and absorbent and melts only above at least 1000 ° C. It has a middle one
• Diameter between 0.1 and 5 mm or 10 mm (after sieve analysis).
• a basket 6 of powder-coated wire mesh is used, the mesh size is designed such that the hollow glass granules 5 can penetrate unhindered through the mesh or flow.
• a basket can be used, whose side walls consist of impermeable walls, so are not perforated, and only the bottom is permeable.
• a defective battery B is presently inserted. It is understood that several batteries could be inserted.
• the battery B Since the hollow glass granules 5 can flow freely through the meshes of the basket, the battery B is surrounded on all sides by hollow glass granules 5 or embedded therein and the risk of an uncontrolled occurrence of a critical state is minimized or prevented.
• the basket 6 can be introduced into the container 1 and removed, it has two bow handles 7, projecting from the upper edge 6B of the basket 6 to the inside. ,
• the basket is provided at the bottom with two spacers 8, each consisting of a wire hanger and are spaced in the longitudinal direction of the basket.
• the bracket 8 extend first with a leg 8A from the bottom of the basket 6C down to the bottom 3 of the container and thus determine the distance of the basket 6 and the battery B arranged therein to the ground.
• bracket 8 extend laterally outwardly to the side wall 6A of the container 1, to which a further leg 8B kinks.
• the basket 6 is also positioned laterally in the container 1 and can not slip, so that the distance to the side wall 6A is also fixed.
• the distance of the basket 6 in the remaining container dimension is fixed analogously either by the basket 6 itself or further bracket 9 (see Figure 2, shown in phantom).
• the battery B can thus be placed in the basket 6 and this are then introduced into the container 1, wherein already partially filled hollow glass granules 5 flows through the mesh at least the bottom of the basket and thus surrounds the battery B. Thereafter, further hollow glass granules 5 can be filled (as a loose bed) to fill the space 4 in the container 1 completely or to the desired filling level and to cover the battery B. It goes without saying that fire protection cushions can also be used analogously.
• inventive device for transporting used, damaged or defective batteries B achieved. .

Landscapes

• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Electrochemistry (AREA)
• Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Sustainable Development (AREA)
• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Public Health (AREA)
• Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
• Emergency Management (AREA)
• Sustainable Energy (AREA)
• Materials Engineering (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)
• Secondary Cells (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=53716471

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (7)

Families Citing this family (35)

Citations (1)

Family Cites Families (19)

• 2014
  • 2014-07-29 DE DE102014110654.7A patent/DE102014110654A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 2015
  • 2015-07-16 KR KR1020177002025A patent/KR20170039144A/ko unknown
  • 2015-07-16 JP JP2017504361A patent/JP2017523576A/ja active Pending
  • 2015-07-16 WO PCT/EP2015/066258 patent/WO2016016008A1/de active Application Filing
  • 2015-07-16 CN CN201580039754.0A patent/CN106537640A/zh active Pending
  • 2015-07-16 EP EP15739562.5A patent/EP3175504A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2015-07-16 US US15/327,184 patent/US20170155103A1/en not_active Abandoned

Patent Citations (1)

Also Published As

Similar Documents

Legal Events