EP3135487A1 - Récipient multicouche á propriétés de barriére contre les gaz améliorées - Google Patents

Récipient multicouche á propriétés de barriére contre les gaz améliorées Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP3135487A1
EP3135487A1 EP16180993.4A EP16180993A EP3135487A1 EP 3135487 A1 EP3135487 A1 EP 3135487A1 EP 16180993 A EP16180993 A EP 16180993A EP 3135487 A1 EP3135487 A1 EP 3135487A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
container
molecular weight
barrier layer
polymer matrix
outer layers
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP16180993.4A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3135487B1 (fr
Inventor
Yu Shi
Xiaoyan Huang
Mikell Schultheis
Francis M. Schloss
Robert Kriegel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Coca Cola Co
Original Assignee
Coca Cola Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Coca Cola Co filed Critical Coca Cola Co
Publication of EP3135487A1 publication Critical patent/EP3135487A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3135487B1 publication Critical patent/EP3135487B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B27/08—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/18—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D65/00—Wrappers or flexible covers; Packaging materials of special type or form
    • B65D65/38—Packaging materials of special type or form
    • B65D65/40—Applications of laminates for particular packaging purposes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D81/00—Containers, packaging elements, or packages, for contents presenting particular transport or storage problems, or adapted to be used for non-packaging purposes after removal of contents
    • B65D81/24—Adaptations for preventing deterioration or decay of contents; Applications to the container or packaging material of food preservatives, fungicides, pesticides or animal repellants
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
    • Y02P20/582—Recycling of unreacted starting or intermediate materials
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/13—Hollow or container type article [e.g., tube, vase, etc.]
    • Y10T428/1352—Polymer or resin containing [i.e., natural or synthetic]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
    • Y10T428/31721—Of polyimide
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
    • Y10T428/31725—Of polyamide
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
    • Y10T428/31786—Of polyester [e.g., alkyd, etc.]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
    • Y10T428/31855—Of addition polymer from unsaturated monomers
    • Y10T428/31938—Polymer of monoethylenically unsaturated hydrocarbon

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a container with enhanced gas barrier properties, and more particularly to enhancing the carbon dioxide and oxygen barrier properties of a container for a packaged beverage, thereby increasing the shelf life of its contents.
  • PET Polyethylene terephthalate and its copolyesters
  • PET containers The relatively high permeability of PET to carbon dioxide limits the use of smaller PET containers for packaging carbonated soft drinks.
  • the permeation rate of carbon dioxide through PET containers is in the range of 3 to 14 cc's per day or 1.5 to 2 percent per week loss rate at room temperature depending on the size of the container.
  • a smaller container has a larger surface area to volume ratio resulting in a higher relative loss rate.
  • PET containers are currently used only as larger containers for packaging carbonated soft drinks, while metal cans and glass containers are the choice for smaller carbonated soft drink containers.
  • the amount of carbon dioxide remaining in a packaged carbonated soft drink determines its shelf life. Normally, carbonated soft drink containers are filled with approximately four volumes of carbon dioxide per volume of water. It is generally accepted that a packaged carbonated soft drink reaches the end of its shelf life when 17.5 percent of the carbon dioxide in the container is lost due to permeation of the carbon dioxide through the container side wall and closure. The permeability of PET to carbon dioxide therefore determines the shelf life of the packaged carbonated beverage and thus, the suitability of PET as a packaging material.
  • Barrier additives have reportedly been incorporated into polymers to increase their modulus and gas barrier properties through an antiplasticization mechanism. In these instances, however, the structure of the container is a monolayer.
  • Plotzker et al. propose the use of additives selected from 4-hydroxybenzoates and related molecules to increase the gas barrier properties of PET.
  • This published patent application discloses barrier additives of the following structure: HO-AR-COOR, HO-AR-COOR1 COO-AR-OH, HO-AR-CONHR, HO-AR-CO-NHR3-COO-AR-OH, HO-AR-CONHR2NHCO-AR-OH
  • AR is selected from substituted or unsubstituted phenylene or naphthalene and R1, R2, and R3 are selected from the group consisting of C1 to C6 alkyl groups, a phenyl group, and a naphthyl group.
  • PET with a significantly lower IV cannot be used in blow molding containers, such as beverage containers. Furthermore, lower IV PET makes containers with poor mechanical performance, such as creep, drop impact, and the like. Still further, PET containers made from lower IV PET have poor stress cracking resistance, which is undesirable in container applications.
  • PET has been modified or blended with other components to enhance the gas barrier of the PET.
  • examples include polyethylene naphthalate (PEN)/PET copolymers or blends, isophthalate (IPA) modified PET, PET blended with polyethylene isophthalate (PEI) or a polyamide, such as nylon, and PET modified with resorcinol based diols.
  • PEN polyethylene naphthalate
  • PET copolymers or blends isophthalate
  • PET modified with resorcinol based diols for a PET copolymer to achieve moderate barrier enhancement of 2X or higher, the modification is normally more than 10 to 20 weight or mole percent of the total co-monomers.
  • PET is modified to such a high level, the stretching characteristics of the PET are changed dramatically such that the normal PET container preform design could not be used in the manufacture of containers.
  • PET copolymers to mold conventional PET container preforms results in preforms that can not be fully stretched and the ultimate containers are very difficult, if not impossible, to make. Even if such a container can be made, it does not show improved barrier performance and shows deteriorated physical performance such that it can not be used to package carbonated soft drinks.
  • U.S. Patents 5,888,598 and 6,150,450 disclose redesigned PET container preforms with thicker side walls to compensate for the increased stretch ratio. This thicker preform, however, requires new molds which require additional capital investment. The thicker preform is also made at a lower rate of productivity because it takes longer to cool and heat the thicker wall preform.
  • PET blends with polyamide such as nylon developed yellowness and haze and are not clear like conventional PET.
  • Multi-layered containers have also been developed with a high barrier layer sandwiched in between two or more PET layers.
  • the material used for the high barrier layer is generally a polymer other than PET, such as nylon, polyglycolic acid, EVOH, PEN, and the like. Due to this difference in material, multi-layered containers often have delamination issues, impacting the appearance and both the barrier and mechanical performance of the containers.
  • This invention addresses the above-described needs by providing a polymer container with enhanced gas barrier properties.
  • a multilayer container comprises at least two outer layers comprising a polymer matrix and at least one barrier layer disposed between the at least two outer layers.
  • the at least one barrier layer comprises a first polymer composition comprising a polymer matrix and a low molecular weight additive.
  • a multilayer container comprises at least one intermediate layer between the at least one barrier layer and the at least two outer layers.
  • Particular embodiments of this invention provide polymer containers, such as polyester containers, with enhanced gas barrier, and in particular, enhanced gas barrier to carbon dioxide and oxygen. This makes certain embodiments of the invention particularly suited for packaging carbonated soft drinks and oxygen sensitive beverages and foods. Particular embodiments achieve this enhanced gas barrier while maintaining acceptable physical properties and clarity.
  • This invention encompasses a polymer container with enhanced gas barrier properties and a method for making a polymer container with enhanced gas barrier properties.
  • Embodiments of this invention including the structure and composition of container, methods for making them, and their uses are described below and illustrated in the accompanying figures.
  • the present invention provides a multilayer container having enhanced gas barrier properties.
  • both single and multilayer containers can be made by blow molding a container preform. Examples of suitable preform and container structures are disclosed in U.S. Patent 5,888,598 , the disclosure of which is expressly incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.
  • a container preform 12 is illustrated in Fig. 1 and a container 14 made with such a preform is illustrated in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 .
  • This preform 12 is made by injection molding a polymer matrix and comprises a threaded neck finish 112 which terminates at its lower end in a capping flange 114. Below the capping flange 114, there is a generally cylindrical section 116 which terminates in a section 118 of gradually increasing external diameter so as to provide for an increasing wall thickness. Below the section 118 there is an elongated body section 120.
  • the preform 12 illustrated in Fig. 1 can be stretch blow molded to form the container 14.
  • the container 14 comprises a shell 124 comprising a threaded neck finish 126 defining a mouth 128, a capping flange 130 below the threaded neck finish, a tapered section 132 extending from the capping flange, a body section 134 extending below the tapered section, and a base 136 at the bottom of the container.
  • the container 14 is suitably used to make a packaged beverage 138, as illustrated in Fig. 3 .
  • the packaged beverage 138 includes a beverage such as a carbonated soda beverage disposed in the container 14 and a closure 140 sealing the mouth 128 of the container.
  • the preform 12, container 14, and packaged beverage 138 are but examples of applications using the preforms of the present invention. It should be understood that the process and apparatus of the present invention can be used to make preforms and containers having a variety of configurations. Suitable containers include, but are not limited to, bottles, drums, carafes, coolers, and the like.
  • the container 14 desirably comprises a plurality of layers and can include any number of layers, limited only by the capabilities of available coextrusion equipment.
  • Figs. 4A, 4B, and 4C illustrate the multiple layers of the container in accordance with different embodiments of this invention.
  • the container 14 comprises at least two outer layers comprising about 99 to about 20 weight percent of the container and one or more barrier layers comprising about 1 to about 80 weight percent of the container.
  • the container 14 comprises at least two outer layers comprising about 99 to about 60 weight percent of the container and one or more barrier layers comprising about 1 to about 40 weight percent of the container.
  • the container 14 comprises at least two outer layers comprising about 99 to about 80 weight percent of the container and one or more barrier layers comprising about 1 to about 20 weight percent of the container.
  • the container 14 comprises two outer layers 210, 212 and one barrier layer 214.
  • the outer layers 210, 212 help maintain the structural integrity of the container 14 while the barrier layer 214 enhances the gas barrier properties of the container.
  • the two outer layers 210, 212 comprise a polymer matrix or a polymer matrix with recycled content
  • the one barrier layer 214 comprises a first polymer composition comprising a polymer matrix, or a polymer matrix with recycled content, and a low molecular weight additive.
  • the compositions of the layers are discussed in more detail hereinafter.
  • the container 14 comprises two outer layers 220, 222, and one or more barrier layers and one or more intermediate layers 224-228.
  • the outer layers 220, 222 help maintain the structural integrity of the container 14 and prevent egress of the low molecular weight additive from the one or more barrier layers, while the one or more barrier layers 224-228 enhance the gas barrier properties of the container.
  • the one or more intermediate layers 224-228 may serve multiple functions, such as providing further structural integrity to the container 14, providing an adhesive to hold the two outer layers 220, 222 and one or more barrier layers 224-228 together, or providing further gas barrier enhancement to the container.
  • the container 14 comprises one barrier layer 224 and two intermediate layers 226, 228.
  • the container 14 comprises two barrier layers 226, 228 and one intermediate layer 224.
  • the one or more barrier layers and one or more intermediate layers 224-228 may be disposed between the two outer layers 220, 222 of the container 14 in any order determined to be suitable by one of ordinary skill in the art, as demonstrated in Table 1.
  • the two outer layers 220, 222 generally comprise a polymer matrix or optionally a polymer matrix with recycled content while the one or more barrier layers 224-228 comprise a first polymer composition comprising a polymer matrix, or optionally a polymer matrix with recycled content, and a low molecular weight additive.
  • the one or more intermediate layers 224-228, independent of one another, may comprise a polymer matrix, a polymer matrix with recycled content, a polymer matrix with an additive, a polymer matrix with recycled content and an additive, or an adhesive layer.
  • Table 1 Composition of Layers in a Multiple Layer Container 5 Layer Container 7 Layer Container Outer Layer Outer Layer Barrier/Intermediate Layer Barrier/Intermediate Layer Barrier/Intermediate Layer Barrier/Intermediate Layer Barrier/Intermediate Layer Barrier/Intermediate Layer Barrier/Intermediate Layer Barrier/Intermediate Layer Barrier/Intermediate Layer Outer Layer Barrier/Intermediate Layer Outer Layer Barrier/Intermediate Layer Outer Layer
  • the container 14 comprises two outer layers 230, 232, and one or more barrier layers and one or more intermediate layers 234-242.
  • the outer layers 230, 232 help maintain the structural integrity of the container 14 and inhibit egress of the low molecular weight additive from the one or more barrier layers 234-242, while the one or more barrier layers 234-242 enhance the gas barrier properties of the container.
  • the one or more intermediate layers 234-242 may serve multiple functions, such as providing further structural integrity to the container 14, providing an adhesive to hold the two outer layers 230, 232, one or more barrier layers 234-242, and other intermediate layers 234-242 together, or providing further gas barrier enhancement to the container.
  • the container 14 comprises one barrier layer 234 and four intermediate layers 236-242. In another embodiment, the container 14 comprises two barrier layers 236, 238 and three intermediate layers 232, 240, 242. In yet another embodiment, the container 14 comprises three barrier layers 234, 240, 242 and two intermediate layers 236, 238. It should be understood that the one or more barrier layers and one or more intermediate layers 234-242 may be disposed between the two outer layers 230, 232 of the container 14 in any order determined to be suitable by one of ordinary skill in the art, as demonstrated in Table 1.
  • the two outer layers 230, 232 generally comprise a polymer matrix or optionally a polymer matrix with recycled content while the one or more barrier layers 234-232 comprise a first polymer composition comprising a polymer matrix, or optionally a polymer matrix with recycled content, and a low molecular weight additive.
  • the outer layers 210, 212 also inhibit egress of the low molecular weight additive from the barrier layer 214.
  • the low molecular weight additive can be volatile and in some embodiments would diffuse out of the barrier layer into the atmosphere if not for the outer layers 210, 212.
  • the one or more intermediate layers 234-242, independent of one another, may comprise a polymer matrix, a polymer matrix with recycled content, a polymer matrix with an additive, a polymer matrix with recycled content and an additive, or an adhesive layer.
  • Suitable polymers for use in the outer layers of embodiments of this invention may comprise any polymer with a melting or processing temperature in excess of 100°C.
  • Non-limiting examples include polyesters, polyamides, polyolefins, polylactides, polyimides, and copolymers thereof.
  • the polymer matrix comprises PET.
  • Suitable polymers for use in the intermediate and barrier layers of embodiments of this invention include polymers with glass transition temperatures above room temperature.
  • Non-limiting examples include polyesters, polyester copolymers, polyamides, polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), polyethylene isophthalate, copolymers thereof, and the like. PET copolymers are particularly useful because they are used for many barrier applications such as films and containers.
  • PET copolymers suitable for use in embodiments of this invention comprise a diol component having repeat units from ethylene glycol and a diacid component having repeat units from terephthalic acid.
  • the PET copolymer has less than 20 percent diacid modification, less than 10 percent glycol modification, or both, based on 100 mole percent diacid component and 100 mole percent diol component, respectively.
  • PET copolymers are well known.
  • PET copolymers suitable for use in embodiments of this invention also may comprise a polyester with recycled content.
  • the one or more barrier layers of embodiments of this invention comprise a low molecular weight additive that is at least partially disposed in the free volume between the polymer chains of the first polymer composition.
  • the low molecular weight additive acts as an anti-plasticizer in the polymer matrix, eliminating the free volume, thereby preventing rotation of the polymer chains and enhancing the barrier properties of the polymer composition.
  • the low molecular weight additive improves the barrier properties of the container when present in the container in an amount in the range of about 0.2 to about 10 weight percent of the container. In another embodiment, the low molecular weight additive is present in the container in an amount in the range of about 2 to about 10 weight percent of the container. In still another embodiment, the low molecular weight additive is present in the container in an amount in the range of about 2 to about 5 weight percent of the container.
  • the barrier improvement factor (BIF) is substantial; however, the polymer composition's properties deteriorate and make forming a container more difficult.
  • the BIF is a measure of enhanced gas barrier properties (the ratio of the gas transmission rate of a polymer composition without an additive to the gas transmission rate of a polymer composition with an additive).
  • the additive acts as a plasticizer, thereby permitting rotation of the polymer chains and reducing the barrier properties of the polymer composition.
  • the BIF is insignificant.
  • the lower limit of the low molecular weight additive present in the at least one barrier layer (a) is limited by the lower limit of the at least one barrier layer present in the container (b).
  • the upper limit of the low molecular weight additive present in the at least one barrier layer (a) is limited by the low molecular weight additive's ability to compound with the polymer matrix in the first polymer composition of the at least one barrier layer. Accordingly, in a particular embodiment, the low molecular weight additive is present in the at least one barrier layer of the container in an amount in the range of about 0.25 to about 25 weight percent of the barrier layer, in another embodiment in the range of about 3.75 to about 25 weight percent of the barrier layer, and in still another embodiment in the range of about 3.75 to about 12.5 weight percent of the barrier layer.
  • the low molecular weight additive when the low molecular weight additive is present in the container in an amount in the range of about 0.2 to about 10 weight percent of the container, the low molecular weight additive is present in the barrier layer in an amount in the range of about 0.25 to about 25 weight percent of the barrier layer.
  • the at least two outer layers comprise about 99 to about 60 weight percent of the container, and the at least one barrier layer comprises about 1 to about 40 weight percent of the container.
  • the low molecular weight additive when the low molecular weight additive is present in the container in an amount in the range of about 2 to about 10 weight percent of the container, the low molecular weight additive is present in the barrier layer in an amount in the range of about 3.75 to about 25 weight percent of the barrier layer.
  • the at least two outer layers comprise about 99 to about 80 weight percent of the container, and the at least one barrier layer comprises about 1 to about 20 weight percent of the container.
  • the low molecular weight additive when the low molecular weight additive is present in the container in an amount in the range of about 2 to about 5 weight percent of the container, the low molecular weight additive is present in the barrier layer in an amount in the range of about 3.75 to about 12.5 weight percent of the barrier layer.
  • the at least two outer layers comprise about 99 to about 60 weight percent of the container, and the at least one barrier layer comprises about 1 to about 40 weight percent of the container.
  • a multilayer container comprising at least one barrier layer with a high loading of additive can circumvent many of the negative consequences normally associated with using high levels of additive. Notably, because the modulus, stretch ratio, top-load characteristics are determined in part by the outer and any intermediate layer of the container, which have little or no barrier additive, the outer and any intermediate layers of the container offset the negative impact the one or more barrier layers would otherwise have on the mechanical properties of the container.
  • Drawbacks often associated with multilayer containers can be eliminated by using similar materials in each layer, which would minimize or eliminate the risk of delamination and its associated negative effects.
  • the advantages of a multilayer container can be realized by using additives in a barrier layer that would be too volatile for inclusion in a single layer container.
  • volatile additives in containers can lead to fouling of the molds, and eventually deterioration of part quality, impacting both the appearance and performance of the container.
  • conventional injection molding of polymers having high melting and processing temperatures, such as PET with low molecular weight additives results in significant plate-out, which occurs when there is deposition of material onto the surfaces of the injection molding apparatus during processing of the polymers.
  • Plate-out reduces the running time of the injection molding apparatus, resulting in costly delays in production for cleaning.
  • Using a multilayer container can significantly reduce or eliminate the plate-out caused by low molecular weight additives because the low molecular weight additive is contained within two outer layers without the low molecular weight additive, preventing contact between the low molecular weight additive and the surfaces of the injection molding apparatus.
  • the first polymer composition of the at least one barrier layer desirably comprises a low molecular weight additive.
  • the low molecular weight additive comprises a compound with a molecular weight below about 2000 daltons, below about 1500 daltons, or below about 1000 daltons.
  • the low molecular weight additive comprises an ester, diester, or polyester of an aromatic or aliphatic nature; an amide, diamide, or polyamide of an aromatic or aliphatic nature, non-limiting examples of which include acetanilide, terephthalamide, and nylon 6; a cyclic ester with one or more ester groups, non-limiting examples of which include lactone, polylactone, caprolactone, and lactide; a cyclic amide with one or more amide groups, non-limiting examples of which include lactam, polylactam, caprolactam, and alanine anhydride; or mixtures thereof.
  • the low molecular weight additive comprises a purine derivative, as described in the co-pending non-provisional patent application 11/532,361 filed on September 15, 2006 , entitled “Container and Composition for Enhanced Gas Barrier Properties,” which claims priority to the provisional patent application 60/723,751 filed on October 15, 2005, by inventor's Yu Shi, et al.
  • the disclosures of these patent applications are expressly incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.
  • a purine derivative has the chemical structure of Formula I
  • the moieties described above may further be substituted as known by one skilled in the art with a hydrogen, halogen, hydroxyl, amino, amido, alkylamino, arylamino, alkoxy, aryloxy, nitro, acyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cyano, sulfo, sulfato, mercapto, imino, sulfonyl, sulfenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, phosphonyl, phosphinyl, phosphoryl, phosphino, thioester, thioether, anhydride, oximno, hydrazino, carbamyl, phosphonic acid, phosphonato, and any other viable functional group.
  • the purine derivative comprises 7H -purine, having the chemical structure wherein x, x 2 , y, and t are double bonds; wherein x 1 , t 1 and z are single bonds; wherein x', y', and t' are 0; wherein x", y", z', and w' are 1; and wherein R 2 , R 4 , R 5 , and R 6 are hydrogen.
  • the purine derivative comprises a compound having the chemical structure of Formula II wherein t 1 , x, x 1 , y, and z are single bonds; wherein x 2 and t are double bonds; wherein w', x', y', z', x", and y" are 1; wherein t' is 0; wherein R 2 and R 4 , independent of one another, are moieties attached by a double bond comprising oxygen, sulfur, CR 8 R 9 , SO 2 , or NR 10 ; and wherein R 1 , R 3 , R 5 , and R 6 , independent of one another, comprise a hydrogen, hydroxyl, amino, amido, alkylamino, arylamino, alkoxy, aryloxy, nitro, acyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cyano, sulfo, sulfato, mercapto, imino, sulfony
  • the purine derivative comprises theobromine, a purine dione having the chemical structure wherein t 1 , x, x 1 , y, and z are single bonds; wherein x 2 and t are double bonds; wherein w', x', y', z', x", and y" are 1; wherein t' is 0; wherein R 1 and R 6 are hydrogen; wherein R 2 and R 4 are oxygen; and wherein R 3 and R 5 are methyl.
  • the purine derivative comprises caffeine, a purine dione having the chemical structure wherein t 1 , x, x 1 , y, and z are single bonds; wherein x 2 and t are double bonds; wherein w', x', y', z', x", and y" are 1; wherein t' is 0; wherein R 6 is hydrogen; R 2 and R 4 are oxygen; and R 1 , R 3 and R 5 are methyl.
  • the purine derivative comprise theophylline, a purine dione having the chemical structure wherein t 1 , x, x 1 , y, and z are single bonds; wherein x 2 and t are double bonds; wherein w', x', y', z', x", and y" are 1; wherein t' is 0; wherein R 5 and R 6 are hydrogen; wherein R 2 and R 4 are oxygen; and wherein R 1 and R 3 are methyl.
  • the purine derivative comprises xanthine, a purine dione having the chemical structure wherein t 1 , x, x 1 , y, and z are single bonds; wherein x 2 and t are double bonds; wherein w', x', y', z', x", and y" are 1; wherein t' is 0; wherein R 1 , R 3 , R 5 and R 6 are hydrogen; and R 2 and R 4 are oxygen.
  • the purine derivative comprises a compound having the chemical structure of Formula III wherein x, x 1 , y, and t, and t 1 are single bonds; wherein x 2 and z are double bonds; wherein t', w', x', y', x", and y" are 1; wherein z' is 0; wherein R 2 and R 4 , independent of one another, are moieties attached by a double bond comprising oxygen, sulfur, CR 8 R 9 , SO 2 , or NR 10 ; and wherein R 1 , R 3 , R 6 , and R 7 , independent of one another, comprise a hydrogen, hydroxyl, amino, amido, alkylamino, arylamino, alkoxy, aryloxy, nitro, acyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cyano, sulfo, sulfato, mercapto, imino, sulfony
  • the purine derivative comprises a compound having the chemical structure of Formula IV wherein x, x 1 , y, t, t 1 , and z are single bonds; wherein x 2 is a double bond; wherein t', w', x', y', z', x", and y" are 1; wherein R 2 , R 4 , and R 6 , independent of one another, are moieties attached by a double bond comprising oxygen, sulfur, CR 8 R 9 , SO 2 , or NR 10 ; and wherein R 1 , R 3 , R 5 , and R 7 , independent of one another, comprise a hydrogen, hydroxyl, amino, amido, alkylamino, arylamino, alkoxy, aryloxy, nitro, acyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cyano, sulfo, sulfato, mercapto, imino, sul
  • the purine derivative comprises uric acid, a purine dione having the chemical structure wherein x, x 1 , y, t, t 1 , and z are single bonds; wherein x 2 is a double bond; wherein t', w', x', y', z', x", and y" are 1; wherein R 1 , R 3 , R 5 and R 7 are hydrogen; and wherein R 2 , R 4 , and R 6 are oxygen.
  • the purine derivative comprises a compound having the chemical structure of Formula V wherein x, x 1 , t 1 , and z are single bonds; wherein x 2 , t, and y are double bonds; wherein w', x', z', x", and y" are 1; wherein y' and t' are 0; wherein R 4 is a moiety attached by a double bond comprising oxygen, sulfur, CR 8 R 9 , SO 2 , or NR 10 ; and wherein R 1 , R 2 , R 5 , and R 6 , independent of one another, comprise a hydrogen, hydroxyl, amino, amido, alkylamino, arylamino, alkoxy, aryloxy, nitro, acyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cyano, sulfo, sulfato, mercapto, imino, sulfonyl, sulfen
  • the purine derivative comprises guanine, having the chemical structure wherein x, x 1 , t 1 , and z are single bonds; wherein x 2 , t, and y are double bonds; wherein w', x', z', x", and y" are 1; wherein y' and t' are 0; wherein R 1 , R 5 , and R 6 are hydrogen; wherein R 2 is amino; and wherein R 4 is oxygen.
  • the purine derivative comprises a compound having the chemical structure of Formula VI wherein x, x 2 , y and z are double bonds; wherein x 1 , t, and t 1 are single bonds; wherein t', w', x", and y" are 1; wherein x', y', and z' are 0; and wherein R 2 , R 4 , R 6 , and R 7 comprise a hydrogen, hydroxyl, amino, amido, alkylamino, arylamino, alkoxy, aryloxy, nitro, acyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cyano, sulfo, sulfato, mercapto, imino, sulfonyl, sulfenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, phosphonyl, phosphinyl, phosphoryl, phosphino, thioester, thio
  • the purine derivative comprises adenine, having the chemical structure wherein x, x 2 , y and z are double bonds; wherein x 1 , t, and t 1 are single bonds; wherein t', w', x", and y" are 1; wherein x', y', and z' are 0; wherein R 2 , R 6 , and R 7 are hydrogen; and wherein R 4 is an amino.
  • the purine derivative comprises a compound having the chemical structure of Formula VII wherein x, x 2 , and t are double bonds; wherein t 1 , x 1 , y and z are single bonds; wherein w', y', z', x", and y" are 1; wherein t' and x' are 0; wherein R 2 is a moiety attached by a double bond comprising oxygen, sulfur, CR 8 R 9 , SO 2 , or NR 10 ; and wherein R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , and R 6 , independent of one another, comprise a hydrogen, hydroxyl, amino, amido, alkylamino, arylamino, alkoxy, aryloxy, nitro, acyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cyano, sulfo, sulfato, mercapto, imino, sulfonyl, sulfeny
  • the purine derivative comprises a compound having the chemical structure of Formula VIII wherein x 2 , y and t are double bonds; wherein x, x 1 , t 1 , and z are single bonds; wherein w', x', z', x", and y" are 1; wherein t' and y' are 0; wherein R 4 is a moiety attached by a double bond comprising oxygen, sulfur, CR 8 R 9 , SO 2 , or NR 10 ; and wherein R 1 , R 2 , R 5 , and R 6 , independent of one another, comprise a hydrogen, hydroxyl, amino, amido, alkylamino, arylamino, alkoxy, aryloxy, nitro, acyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cyano, sulfo, sulfato, mercapto, imino, sulfonyl, sulfeny
  • the purine derivative comprises 7-methylguanine, having the chemical structure wherein x 2 , y and t are double bonds; wherein x, x 1 , t 1 , and z are single bonds; wherein w', x', z', x", and y" are 1; wherein t' and y' are 0; wherein R 1 and R 6 are hydrogen; wherein R 2 is amino; wherein R 4 is oxygen, and wherein R 5 is methyl.
  • the purine derivative comprises thioguanine, having the chemical structure wherein x 2 , y and t are double bonds; wherein x, x 1 , t 1 , and z are single bonds; wherein w', x', z', x", and y" are 1; wherein t' and y' are 0; wherein R 1 , R 5 , and R 6 are hydrogen; wherein R 2 is amino; and wherein R 4 is sulfur.
  • the purine derivative comprises 6-mercaptopurine, having the chemical structure wherein x 2 , y and t are double bonds; wherein x, x 1 , t 1 , and z are single bonds; wherein w', x', z', x", and y" are 1; wherein t' and y' are 0; wherein R 1 , R 2 , R 5 , and R 6 are hydrogen; and wherein R 4 is sulfur.
  • the purine derivative comprises hypoxanthine, having the chemical structure wherein x 2 , y and t are double bonds; wherein x, x 1 , t 1 , and z are single bonds; wherein w', x', z', x", and y" are 1; wherein t' and y' are 0; wherein R 1 , R 2 , R 5 , and R 6 are hydrogen; and wherein R 4 is oxygen.
  • the purine derivative comprises a compound having the chemical structure of Formula IX wherein x 1 , y, t 1 , and z are double bonds; wherein x, x 2 , and t are single bonds; wherein w', x', x", and y" are 1; wherein t', y', and z' are 0; and wherein R 1 , R 2 , R 4 , and R 6 , independent of one another, comprise a hydrogen, hydroxyl, amino, amido, alkylamino, arylamino, alkoxy, aryloxy, nitro, acyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cyano, sulfo, sulfato, mercapto, imino, sulfonyl, sulfenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, phosphonyl, phosphinyl, phosphoryl
  • the purine derivative comprises 1 H -purine, having the chemical structure wherein x 1 , y, t 1 , and z are double bonds; wherein x, x 2 , and t are single bonds; wherein w', x', x", and y" are 1; wherein t', y', and z' are 0; wherein R 1 , R 2 , R 4 , and R 6 are hydrogen.
  • the purine derivative comprises diaminopurine, having the chemical structure wherein x 1 , y, t 1 , and z are double bonds; wherein x, x 2 , and t are single bonds; wherein w', x', x", and y" are 1; wherein t', y', and z' are 0; wherein R 1 and R 6 are hydrogen; and wherein R 2 and R 4 are amino.
  • multilayer containers are useful for making containers having enhanced gas barriers.
  • Such containers are made by forming the above described polymer compositions into the desired multilayer container by conventional methods such as melt forming. Suitable melt forming processes include, but are not limited to, co-injection molding, co-extrusion, thermal forming and compression molding.
  • the particularly preferred method for making the containers of this invention is stretch blow molding. Such methods are well known to those skilled in the art and are described in U.S. Patent Numbers 6,596,213 ; 5,914,138 ; and 5,011,720 ; and in U.S. Patent Publication Number 2004/0247739 . The disclosures of these references are expressly incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.
  • an additive can be fed directly into the polymer matrix during the injection molding process, preblended with the polymer resin prior to injection molding, or incorporated at high concentrations with the polymer as masterbatch and then blended with the polymer resin prior to injection molding of the container.
  • Fig. 5 illustrates a system 310 in accordance with an embodiment of this invention for making a rigid container preform 12 (illustrated in Fig. 1 ) and a rigid container 14 (illustrated in Fig. 2 ) from the preform.
  • PET 320 and a low molecular weight additive 322, such as a purine derivative are added to a feeder or hopper 324 that delivers the components to a hot melt extruder 326 in which the components are melted and blended.
  • PET for forming the at least two outer layers similarly is fed to the hot melt extruder 326 (not pictured).
  • the hot melt extruder 326 co-extrudes the molten PET and the molten mixture of PET 320 and low molecular weight additive 32, forcing the flowing streams to flow along concentric annular flow paths into an injection molding device 328 to form the multilayer preform 12.
  • the multilayer preform 12 is cooled and removed from the injection molding device 328 and delivered to a stretch blow molding device 330 which stretch blow molds the multilayer preform 12 into a finished rigid multilayer container 14.
  • the melt residence time of the preform production is preferably less than five minutes and more preferably from about one to about three minutes.
  • the melt temperatures are desirably from about 270 to about 300°C and more desirably from about 270 to about 290°C.
  • the melt residence time begins when the materials enter the melt extruder 326 and start melting, and ends after injection of the molten materials into the injection mold to form the preform 12.
  • the injection molding process can be modified by pressurizing the mold cavity to minimize plate-out, as described in the co-pending U.S. provisional patent application 60/825,844 filed on September 15, 2006 , entitled "Pressurized Tooling for Injection Molding and Method of Using,” by Schultheis, et al., the disclosure of which is expressly incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.
  • Pressurizing the mold cavity changes the dynamics of the processing cycle by reducing or completely eliminating the ability of additives to diffuse through the copolymer and deposit on the inner surface of the mold.
  • the desired pressure of the mold cavity can be optimized for a particular polymer material, polymer matrix, or additive.
  • the modified injection molding process includes the additional step of pressurizing a mold by introducing a pressurized gas into a mold cavity in the mold, wherein the mold cavity defines the shape of the container preform; co-extruding the polymer compositions into the mold cavity; cooling the polymer compositions to form the multilayer container preform; and removing the multilayer container preform from the mold cavity.
  • the pressurized gas may be any gas that does not detrimentally affect the polymer composition.
  • Non-limiting examples include air and its individual components, oxygen, nitrogen, and carbon dioxide; the noble gases, argon, neon, helium, and xenon; and mixtures thereof.
  • the mold cavity is pressurized to a pressure in the range of about 1 to about 1000 psig.
  • a commercially available polyester container grade resin (INVISTA, Spartanburg, South Carolina) was dried in a vacuum oven at 140°C overnight to a moisture level below 50 ppm.
  • the low molecular weight additive, caffeine was dried in a vacuum oven at 70°C overnight to remove surface moisture.
  • Multilayer containers were made with the PET as the outer two layers and the PET in combination with the caffeine as the barrier layer.
  • the barrier layer comprised 20 weight percent of the container.
  • Caffeine comprised 15 weight percent of the barrier layer (3 weight percent of the container).
  • a lab scale Arburg unit cavity injection molding machine was used for injection molding.
  • the preforms were blow molded with a Sidel SBO 2/3 blow molding machine to make acceptable contour containers.
  • a 21.1 g preform made a 12 oz container.
  • the carbon dioxide transmission rates of the containers were then measured using a Mocon 2/60 model instrument at 22.2°C and 50% relative humidity (RH) with the N 2 /H 2 (99:1) and air purging rates of 10 mL/min on opposite sides.
  • the results are shown in Table 2.
  • the barrier improvement factor (BIF) was defined as the ratio of the carbon dioxide transmission rate of the multilayer polyester container comprising a low molecular weight additive in the barrier layer to the carbon dioxide transmission rate of the multilayer polyester container without additive in the barrier layer.
  • the carbon dioxide BIF of the 12 oz multilayer containers improved significantly with the addition of caffeine to the PET composition of the barrier layer.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Containers Having Bodies Formed In One Piece (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Wrappers (AREA)
EP16180993.4A 2006-09-15 2007-09-10 Récipient multicouche á propriétés de barriére contre les gaz améliorées Active EP3135487B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US82586106P 2006-09-15 2006-09-15
EP07842158.3A EP2073978B1 (fr) 2006-09-15 2007-09-10 Récipient multicouche à propriétés de barrière contre les gaz améliorées

Related Parent Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP07842158.3A Division EP2073978B1 (fr) 2006-09-15 2007-09-10 Récipient multicouche à propriétés de barrière contre les gaz améliorées

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3135487A1 true EP3135487A1 (fr) 2017-03-01
EP3135487B1 EP3135487B1 (fr) 2018-05-02

Family

ID=39033660

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP07842158.3A Active EP2073978B1 (fr) 2006-09-15 2007-09-10 Récipient multicouche à propriétés de barrière contre les gaz améliorées
EP16180993.4A Active EP3135487B1 (fr) 2006-09-15 2007-09-10 Récipient multicouche á propriétés de barriére contre les gaz améliorées

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP07842158.3A Active EP2073978B1 (fr) 2006-09-15 2007-09-10 Récipient multicouche à propriétés de barrière contre les gaz améliorées

Country Status (17)

Country Link
US (1) US8124202B2 (fr)
EP (2) EP2073978B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP5368989B2 (fr)
KR (1) KR20090061658A (fr)
CN (1) CN101626892A (fr)
AR (1) AR062851A1 (fr)
AU (1) AU2007296635B2 (fr)
BR (1) BRPI0716735B1 (fr)
CA (1) CA2662386C (fr)
CL (1) CL2007002644A1 (fr)
CO (1) CO6170348A2 (fr)
MX (1) MX2009002622A (fr)
MY (1) MY151431A (fr)
NZ (1) NZ575888A (fr)
RU (1) RU2446952C2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2008033765A2 (fr)
ZA (1) ZA200901715B (fr)

Families Citing this family (20)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20050221036A1 (en) * 2004-04-01 2005-10-06 The Coca-Cola Company Polyester composition with enhanced gas barrier, articles made therewith, and methods
US8545952B2 (en) * 2005-06-07 2013-10-01 The Coca-Cola Company Polyester container with enhanced gas barrier and method
US7820258B2 (en) * 2005-10-05 2010-10-26 The Coca-Cola Company Container and composition for enhanced gas barrier properties
US8124202B2 (en) 2006-09-15 2012-02-28 The Coca-Cola Company Multilayer container for enhanced gas barrier properties
US7790077B2 (en) * 2006-09-15 2010-09-07 The Coca-Cola Company Pressurized tooling for injection molding and method of using
US20100143546A1 (en) * 2008-12-09 2010-06-10 The Coca-Cola Company Container and composition for enhanced gas barrier properties
US8377530B2 (en) 2011-02-08 2013-02-19 Eastman Chemical Company Polyesters with low molecular weight additives for improved gas barrier properties
US8344172B2 (en) 2011-03-25 2013-01-01 Stepan Company Preparation of antiplasticizers for thermoplastic polyesters
EP2955120A4 (fr) * 2013-02-08 2016-10-26 Toyo Seikan Group Holdings Ltd Récipient ayant d'excellentes propriétés de glissement pour contenu fluide
EP2969503B1 (fr) * 2013-03-14 2022-08-17 The Coca-Cola Company Additifs améliorant la barrière aux gaz et procédés
US10293539B2 (en) 2013-08-12 2019-05-21 Printpack Illinois, Inc. Method for manufacturing multi-barrier layer blow molded containers
JP6260265B2 (ja) * 2013-12-25 2018-01-17 味の素株式会社 レーザーマーキングが可能な樹脂積層体およびその製造方法
ES2869249T3 (es) 2014-08-05 2021-10-25 Ester Industries Ltd Procedimiento para la preparación de poli(tereftalato de etileno) modificado con propiedades de barrera, mecánicas y térmicas mejoradas y productos del mismo
WO2016130748A1 (fr) * 2015-02-13 2016-08-18 The Coca-Cola Company Récipient multicouche en pet à barrière améliorée
ES2842292T3 (es) * 2016-07-27 2021-07-13 Greif Int Holding B V Composición de combinación de polímeros de alta barrera
JP6966274B2 (ja) * 2017-09-22 2021-11-10 リスパック株式会社 熱成形用多層シート及び成形品
JP7268340B2 (ja) 2018-12-06 2023-05-08 コニカミノルタ株式会社 ３ｄプリンター成形用樹脂組成物及びそれを用いた成形体とその製造方法
AU2020379760A1 (en) 2019-11-04 2022-04-21 Ring Container Technologies Llc Container and method of manufacture
WO2021106929A1 (fr) * 2019-11-25 2021-06-03 日精エー・エス・ビー機械株式会社 Procédé et dispositif de fabrication d'un récipient en résine
JP7426498B2 (ja) * 2020-09-16 2024-02-01 日精エー・エス・ビー機械株式会社 樹脂製容器の製造方法および製造装置

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6252031A (ja) * 1985-08-29 1987-03-06 凸版印刷株式会社 二軸延伸多層容器
GB2188272A (en) * 1986-02-28 1987-09-30 Toyo Seikan Kaisha Ltd Heat setting of a laminar polyester draw-blow moulding
US5011720A (en) 1989-07-10 1991-04-30 Owens-Illinois Plastic Products Inc. Multilayer containers and method of making same
US5888598A (en) 1996-07-23 1999-03-30 The Coca-Cola Company Preform and bottle using pet/pen blends and copolymers
US5914138A (en) 1996-09-27 1999-06-22 Kortec, Inc. Apparatus for throttle-valving control for the co-extrusion of plastic materials as interior core streams encased by outer and inner streams for molding and the like
US6150450A (en) 1994-11-14 2000-11-21 Mitsubishi Plastics, Inc. Plastic compositions and plastic cards made thereof
WO2001012521A1 (fr) 1999-08-12 2001-02-22 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Procede et composition permettant l'amelioration des proprietes de protection contre les gaz des conteneurs et des films polymeriques
US6596213B2 (en) 2001-04-06 2003-07-22 Kortec, Inc. Method of molding multi-layer polymer plastic articles with control of relative shifting of the core layer
US20040247739A1 (en) 2003-05-21 2004-12-09 Kortec, Inc. Co-injection nozzle with improved interior layer termination and method of using same
WO2007040960A1 (fr) * 2005-10-05 2007-04-12 The Coca-Cola Company Contenant et composition presentant des proprietes ameliorees de barriere aux gaz

Family Cites Families (72)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1285217A (en) * 1968-11-19 1972-08-16 Kureha Chemical Ind Co Ltd Container structures manufactured from vinylidene chloride resin composition
GB1434828A (en) 1973-11-16 1976-05-05 Ici Ltd Fire-retardant polymeric material and mixture for use as fire-retardant
JPS5541243A (en) * 1978-09-18 1980-03-24 Toppan Printing Co Ltd Multilayer vessel
FR2478736A1 (fr) * 1980-03-21 1981-09-25 Semt Procede et systeme de generation de puissance par moteur a combustion interne suralimente
JPS5751455A (en) 1980-09-12 1982-03-26 Kureha Chemical Ind Co Ltd Vinylidene chloride group laminated film
DE3042052C2 (de) 1980-11-07 1984-08-09 MTU Motoren- und Turbinen-Union München GmbH, 8000 München Vorrichtung zum Spritzgießen von Präzisionsteilen
US4401805A (en) 1982-03-01 1983-08-30 Eastman Kodak Company Modified poly(ethylene terephthalate) having improved gas barrier properties
JPS5939547A (ja) 1982-08-30 1984-03-03 東洋紡績株式会社 耐ガス透過性に優れたポリエステル多層容器およびその製造法
AU571223B2 (en) * 1983-04-28 1988-04-14 Toyo Seikan Kaisha Ltd. Multi-layer drawn polyester bottle
US4474918A (en) 1983-05-31 1984-10-02 Eastman Kodak Company Thermoplastic polyester compositions having improved barrier properties
JPH066667B2 (ja) 1985-02-25 1994-01-26 三菱化成株式会社 中空成形体
JPH0637207B2 (ja) * 1985-05-10 1994-05-18 凸版印刷株式会社 多層容器
US4574148A (en) 1985-06-21 1986-03-04 Eastman Kodak Company Polyester resins capable of forming containers having improved gas barrier properties
JPH06380B2 (ja) * 1985-09-27 1994-01-05 帝人株式会社 ポリエステル多層容器
JPS62199425A (ja) * 1986-02-28 1987-09-03 Toyo Seikan Kaisha Ltd 耐熱収縮性ガスバリヤ−二軸延伸ポリエステル容器の製造法
US4861256A (en) 1986-06-23 1989-08-29 The Anchor Group Injection molding tool
DE301719T1 (de) 1987-07-27 1990-12-20 MB Group plc, Reading, Berkshire Verpackungsmittel.
DE3802511A1 (de) 1988-01-28 1989-08-10 Huels Chemische Werke Ag Formmassen bestehend aus einem thermoplastisch verarbeitbaren, aromatischen polyesterimid
CA2002369C (fr) 1988-11-08 2000-10-31 Mikio Hashimoto Copolyester, composition de polyester a teneur de copolyester, et stratifie de polyester a couche fait de copolyester ou de la composition de polyester
GB8909249D0 (en) 1989-04-24 1989-06-07 Ici Plc Polyester composition
GB8909250D0 (en) 1989-04-24 1989-06-07 Ici Plc Receiver sheet
US5028462A (en) * 1989-07-21 1991-07-02 Amoco Corporation Molded bottles and method of producing same
DE3936289C2 (de) 1989-11-01 1996-01-25 Battenfeld Gmbh Vorrichtung zum Spritzgießen von Hohlräume enthaltenden Gegenständen aus Kunststoff
ZA921914B (en) 1991-04-02 1993-09-16 Grace W R & Co Compositions, articles and methods for scavenging oxygen
JPH04331246A (ja) * 1991-04-10 1992-11-19 Goyo Paper Working Co Ltd ガスバリヤー性材料及び該材料を用いた容器用基材
CA2075517C (fr) 1992-04-01 1997-03-11 John Wick Piece transdermique incorporant une pellicule de polymeres incorporee a l'aide d'un agent actif
US6010715A (en) 1992-04-01 2000-01-04 Bertek, Inc. Transdermal patch incorporating a polymer film incorporated with an active agent
US5333797A (en) 1992-04-03 1994-08-02 Becker John C Commingled recyclables recovery and recycling process and related apparatuses
JPH05339357A (ja) 1992-06-11 1993-12-21 Teijin Ltd ポリエステルの製造法
GB9310313D0 (en) 1993-05-19 1993-06-30 Gleneagles Spring Waters Compa Containers (liquids for human consumption)
US5744056A (en) 1993-07-16 1998-04-28 Amoco Corporation Oxygen-scavenging compositions and articles
US5473161A (en) 1994-06-21 1995-12-05 The Coca-Cola Company Method for testing carbonation loss from beverage bottles using IR spectroscopy
ATE237658T1 (de) 1994-12-14 2003-05-15 Continental Pet Technologies Transparente verpackung mit aliphatischem polyketon als sauerstoffabsorber
DE19518964C2 (de) 1995-05-23 1998-04-09 Eldra Kunststofftechnik Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Spritzgießen hohlgeblasener Kunststoffkörper
US5804016A (en) * 1996-03-07 1998-09-08 Continental Pet Technologies, Inc. Multilayer container resistant to elevated temperatures and pressures, and method of making the same
DE29616129U1 (de) * 1996-09-17 1998-01-22 Bothe, Klaus, 82057 Icking Stativ mit einer Halterung
KR100516550B1 (ko) * 1996-09-23 2005-09-22 비피 코포레이션 노쓰 아메리카 인코포레이티드 산소 투과 내성이 향상된 다층 열가소성의 식료품 보관용 용기 또는 병과 그 제조방법
DE19720317A1 (de) 1997-05-15 1998-11-19 Huels Chemische Werke Ag Haftvermittler für einen Mehrschichtverbund
AU7937898A (en) 1997-07-04 1999-01-25 Mitsubishi Plastics Inc. Polyester resin composition and bottle produced from the resin composition
AU738285B2 (en) 1997-08-18 2001-09-13 Teijin Limited A copolyester for molding a bottle
ID23606A (id) 1998-02-25 2000-05-04 Mitsui Chemicals Inc Pelet poliester baru dan proses pembuatan pelet yang sama
US6749785B2 (en) 1998-09-01 2004-06-15 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Multilayer structures of poly(1,3-propylene 2,6 napthalate) and poly (ethylene terephthalate)
US6150454A (en) 1998-11-03 2000-11-21 Arteva North America S.A.R.L. Poly(terephthalic acid diester)-poly(isophthalic acid diester) resin formulations having improved gas barrier properties
JP2000212302A (ja) 1998-11-16 2000-08-02 Toray Ind Inc 包装用ポリエステルフィルム
JP2001062975A (ja) * 1999-08-24 2001-03-13 Showa Denko Kk 環境対応ビール用プラスチックボトル
JP3394740B2 (ja) * 2000-03-16 2003-04-07 アイセロ化学株式会社 包装用フイルム
US6756013B1 (en) 2000-08-14 2004-06-29 Cornell Development Corporation, Llc Compositions of iodonium compounds and methods and uses thereof
US6740378B1 (en) 2000-08-24 2004-05-25 The Coca-Cola Company Multilayer polymeric/zero valent material structure for enhanced gas or vapor barrier and uv barrier and method for making same
US6720052B1 (en) 2000-08-24 2004-04-13 The Coca-Cola Company Multilayer polymeric/inorganic oxide structure with top coat for enhanced gas or vapor barrier and method for making same
AUPR005000A0 (en) 2000-09-12 2000-10-05 Polymers Australia Pty Limited Polyster resins with improved properties
JP2002103428A (ja) * 2000-09-29 2002-04-09 Toyo Seikan Kaisha Ltd 多層プリフォームおよびこれを用いて製造した多層ボトル
EP1333044B2 (fr) * 2002-02-04 2011-06-15 Borealis Technology Oy Film avec une resistance au choc elevée
US20030194517A1 (en) 2002-04-15 2003-10-16 Yu Shi Coating compositions containing a silane additive and structures coated therewith
ES2250891T3 (es) 2002-04-15 2006-04-16 The Coca-Cola Company Composicion revestimiento que contiene un aditivo epoxidico y estructuras revestidas con el mismo.
JP2004098337A (ja) * 2002-09-05 2004-04-02 Lining Container Kk 多層ポリエステルシート及びシート成形容器
GB0221150D0 (en) 2002-09-12 2002-10-23 Matthews Siobhan O Incorporation of functional materials into bulk materials
US20040091651A1 (en) 2002-11-01 2004-05-13 Mark Rule Pet copolymer composition with enhanced mechanical properties and stretch ratio, articles made therewith, and methods
US20050260371A1 (en) 2002-11-01 2005-11-24 Yu Shi Preform for low natural stretch ratio polymer, container made therewith and methods
BRPI0411557A (pt) 2003-06-18 2006-08-01 Coca Cola Campany recipiente preparado por meio de um processo de moldagem a sopro com estiramento curado com calor, e, processos de moldagem a sopro com estiramento curado com calor para produzir um recipiente, e para enchimento a quente de um recipiente
US20050029712A1 (en) 2003-08-05 2005-02-10 Nahill Thomas E. Continuous production of container preforms
US7517480B2 (en) 2003-08-18 2009-04-14 Kortec, Inc. Automatic process control for a multilayer injection molding apparatus
US20050153084A1 (en) 2004-01-09 2005-07-14 Yu Shi PET with stress cracking resistance, preform and container made therewith and method
US7811645B2 (en) 2004-03-02 2010-10-12 The Coca-Cola Company Packaged beverage having enhanced carbon dioxide retention, method for packaging a beverage, container for packaging a beverage, and polyester composition
US20050221036A1 (en) 2004-04-01 2005-10-06 The Coca-Cola Company Polyester composition with enhanced gas barrier, articles made therewith, and methods
US8741402B2 (en) 2004-04-02 2014-06-03 Curwood, Inc. Webs with synergists that promote or preserve the desirable color of meat
US8110259B2 (en) 2004-04-02 2012-02-07 Curwood, Inc. Packaging articles, films and methods that promote or preserve the desirable color of meat
US20050281969A1 (en) 2004-06-07 2005-12-22 Yu Shi Container having enhanced carbon dioxide retention for packaging a beverage, a packaged beverage, and methods
US8075966B2 (en) * 2004-07-22 2011-12-13 Graham Packaging Company, Ltd. Delamination-resistant multilayer container, preform, article and method with oxygen barrier formulations
US7572493B2 (en) 2005-05-11 2009-08-11 The Coca-Cola Company Low IV pet based copolymer preform with enhanced mechanical properties and cycle time, container made therewith and methods
US7820257B2 (en) 2005-05-11 2010-10-26 The Coca-Cola Company Preforms for preparing lightweight stretch blow molded PET copolymer containers and methods for making and using same
US8545952B2 (en) 2005-06-07 2013-10-01 The Coca-Cola Company Polyester container with enhanced gas barrier and method
US8124202B2 (en) 2006-09-15 2012-02-28 The Coca-Cola Company Multilayer container for enhanced gas barrier properties

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6252031A (ja) * 1985-08-29 1987-03-06 凸版印刷株式会社 二軸延伸多層容器
GB2188272A (en) * 1986-02-28 1987-09-30 Toyo Seikan Kaisha Ltd Heat setting of a laminar polyester draw-blow moulding
US5011720A (en) 1989-07-10 1991-04-30 Owens-Illinois Plastic Products Inc. Multilayer containers and method of making same
US6150450A (en) 1994-11-14 2000-11-21 Mitsubishi Plastics, Inc. Plastic compositions and plastic cards made thereof
US5888598A (en) 1996-07-23 1999-03-30 The Coca-Cola Company Preform and bottle using pet/pen blends and copolymers
US5914138A (en) 1996-09-27 1999-06-22 Kortec, Inc. Apparatus for throttle-valving control for the co-extrusion of plastic materials as interior core streams encased by outer and inner streams for molding and the like
WO2001012521A1 (fr) 1999-08-12 2001-02-22 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Procede et composition permettant l'amelioration des proprietes de protection contre les gaz des conteneurs et des films polymeriques
US6596213B2 (en) 2001-04-06 2003-07-22 Kortec, Inc. Method of molding multi-layer polymer plastic articles with control of relative shifting of the core layer
US20040247739A1 (en) 2003-05-21 2004-12-09 Kortec, Inc. Co-injection nozzle with improved interior layer termination and method of using same
WO2007040960A1 (fr) * 2005-10-05 2007-04-12 The Coca-Cola Company Contenant et composition presentant des proprietes ameliorees de barriere aux gaz

Non-Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
ANONYMOUS: "Polyester blends with improved gas barrier properties", RESEARCH DISCLOSURE, MASON PUBLICATIONS, HAMPSHIRE, GB, vol. 230, no. 29, 1 June 1983 (1983-06-01), ISSN: 0374-4353 *
DATABASE 1-20 XP008106503, Database accession no. 230029 *
DATABASE WPI Week 198715, Derwent World Patents Index; AN 1987-104917, XP002528747 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA2662386C (fr) 2015-10-27
BRPI0716735B1 (pt) 2020-02-04
NZ575888A (en) 2012-05-25
EP2073978B1 (fr) 2016-08-24
MX2009002622A (es) 2009-03-24
EP3135487B1 (fr) 2018-05-02
WO2008033765A2 (fr) 2008-03-20
US8124202B2 (en) 2012-02-28
WO2008033765A8 (fr) 2009-04-23
RU2446952C2 (ru) 2012-04-10
CA2662386A1 (fr) 2008-03-20
BRPI0716735A2 (pt) 2013-09-17
CO6170348A2 (es) 2010-06-18
US20080113134A1 (en) 2008-05-15
AU2007296635A1 (en) 2008-03-20
CN101626892A (zh) 2010-01-13
MY151431A (en) 2014-05-30
WO2008033765A3 (fr) 2009-07-30
KR20090061658A (ko) 2009-06-16
JP2010503565A (ja) 2010-02-04
AU2007296635B2 (en) 2012-02-02
EP2073978A2 (fr) 2009-07-01
AR062851A1 (es) 2008-12-10
RU2009112048A (ru) 2010-10-20
CL2007002644A1 (es) 2008-05-16
ZA200901715B (en) 2010-08-25
JP5368989B2 (ja) 2013-12-18

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP3135487B1 (fr) Récipient multicouche á propriétés de barriére contre les gaz améliorées
EP1945703B1 (fr) Contenant et composition presentant des proprietes ameliorees de barriere aux gaz
EP0932561B1 (fr) Bouteille en plastique presentant une permeance a l'oxygene nulle, pour la biere et autres applications
US8822001B2 (en) Delamination resistant multilayer containers
US20050221036A1 (en) Polyester composition with enhanced gas barrier, articles made therewith, and methods
US7790077B2 (en) Pressurized tooling for injection molding and method of using
US12115760B2 (en) Resin layered body
WO2006112840A1 (fr) Composition en polyester a barriere au gaz amelioree, articles ainsi elabores, et procedes
MX2008004451A (en) Container and composition for enhanced gas barrier properties

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 20160725

AC Divisional application: reference to earlier application

Ref document number: 2073978

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: P

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MT NL PL PT RO SE SI SK TR

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R079

Ref document number: 602007054777

Country of ref document: DE

Free format text: PREVIOUS MAIN CLASS: B32B0027080000

Ipc: B29C0045000000

GRAP Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1

RIC1 Information provided on ipc code assigned before grant

Ipc: B29C 45/00 20060101AFI20171031BHEP

Ipc: B65D 81/24 20060101ALI20171031BHEP

Ipc: B65D 65/40 20060101ALI20171031BHEP

Ipc: B32B 27/18 20060101ALI20171031BHEP

Ipc: B32B 27/08 20060101ALI20171031BHEP

INTG Intention to grant announced

Effective date: 20171128

GRAS Grant fee paid

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AC Divisional application: reference to earlier application

Ref document number: 2073978

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: P

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MT NL PL PT RO SE SI SK TR

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: FG4D

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: EP

Ref country code: AT

Ref legal event code: REF

Ref document number: 994715

Country of ref document: AT

Kind code of ref document: T

Effective date: 20180515

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R096

Ref document number: 602007054777

Country of ref document: DE

Ref country code: IE

Ref legal event code: FG4D

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: PLFP

Year of fee payment: 12

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: NL

Ref legal event code: MP

Effective date: 20180502

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: LT

Ref legal event code: MG4D

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BG

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20180802

Ref country code: ES

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20180502

Ref country code: LT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20180502

Ref country code: FI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20180502

Ref country code: SE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20180502

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20180803

Ref country code: LV

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20180502

Ref country code: NL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20180502

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: AT

Ref legal event code: MK05

Ref document number: 994715

Country of ref document: AT

Kind code of ref document: T

Effective date: 20180502

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20180502

Ref country code: RO

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20180502

Ref country code: CZ

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20180502

Ref country code: PL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20180502

Ref country code: DK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20180502

Ref country code: AT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20180502

Ref country code: EE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20180502

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R097

Ref document number: 602007054777

Country of ref document: DE

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20180502

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

26N No opposition filed

Effective date: 20190205

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: MC

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20180502

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PL

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20180502

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: BE

Ref legal event code: MM

Effective date: 20180930

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: IE

Ref legal event code: MM4A

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20180910

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20180910

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20180930

Ref country code: CH

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20180930

Ref country code: BE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20180930

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: MT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20180910

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: TR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20180502

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: PT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20180502

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: HU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT; INVALID AB INITIO

Effective date: 20070910

Ref country code: CY

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20180502

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IS

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20180902

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 20240820

Year of fee payment: 18

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 20240822

Year of fee payment: 18

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 20240820

Year of fee payment: 18