EP3088208B1 - Airless tire - Google Patents

Airless tire Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3088208B1
EP3088208B1 EP14873785.1A EP14873785A EP3088208B1 EP 3088208 B1 EP3088208 B1 EP 3088208B1 EP 14873785 A EP14873785 A EP 14873785A EP 3088208 B1 EP3088208 B1 EP 3088208B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
spoke
spoke plate
tire
plate member
end edge
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP14873785.1A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3088208A4 (en
EP3088208A1 (en
Inventor
Wako Iwamura
Makoto Sugiya
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sumitomo Rubber Industries Ltd
Original Assignee
Sumitomo Rubber Industries Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sumitomo Rubber Industries Ltd filed Critical Sumitomo Rubber Industries Ltd
Publication of EP3088208A1 publication Critical patent/EP3088208A1/en
Publication of EP3088208A4 publication Critical patent/EP3088208A4/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3088208B1 publication Critical patent/EP3088208B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
    • B60C7/00—Non-inflatable or solid tyres
    • B60C7/10—Non-inflatable or solid tyres characterised by means for increasing resiliency
    • B60C7/14—Non-inflatable or solid tyres characterised by means for increasing resiliency using springs
    • B60C7/16—Non-inflatable or solid tyres characterised by means for increasing resiliency using springs of helical or flat coil form
    • B60C7/18—Non-inflatable or solid tyres characterised by means for increasing resiliency using springs of helical or flat coil form disposed radially relative to wheel axis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
    • B60B19/00—Wheels not otherwise provided for or having characteristics specified in one of the subgroups of this group
    • B60B19/10—Wheels not otherwise provided for or having characteristics specified in one of the subgroups of this group with cooling fins
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
    • B60C7/00—Non-inflatable or solid tyres
    • B60C7/10—Non-inflatable or solid tyres characterised by means for increasing resiliency
    • B60C7/14—Non-inflatable or solid tyres characterised by means for increasing resiliency using springs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
    • B60B27/00—Hubs
    • B60B27/06—Hubs adapted to be fixed on axle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
    • B60B5/00—Wheels, spokes, disc bodies, rims, hubs, wholly or predominantly made of non-metallic material
    • B60B5/02—Wheels, spokes, disc bodies, rims, hubs, wholly or predominantly made of non-metallic material made of synthetic material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
    • B60B9/00—Wheels of high resiliency, e.g. with conical interacting pressure-surfaces
    • B60B9/26—Wheels of high resiliency, e.g. with conical interacting pressure-surfaces comprising resilient spokes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
    • B60C7/00—Non-inflatable or solid tyres
    • B60C7/22—Non-inflatable or solid tyres having inlays other than for increasing resiliency, e.g. for armouring
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
    • B60B2310/00—Manufacturing methods
    • B60B2310/20—Shaping
    • B60B2310/202—Shaping by casting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
    • B60B2310/00—Manufacturing methods
    • B60B2310/20—Shaping
    • B60B2310/204—Shaping by moulding, e.g. injection moulding, i.e. casting of plastics material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
    • B60B2360/00—Materials; Physical forms thereof
    • B60B2360/10—Metallic materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
    • B60B2360/00—Materials; Physical forms thereof
    • B60B2360/30—Synthetic materials
    • B60B2360/32—Plastic compositions
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
    • B60B2900/00—Purpose of invention
    • B60B2900/10—Reduction of
    • B60B2900/131—Vibrations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
    • B60B2900/00—Purpose of invention
    • B60B2900/30—Increase in
    • B60B2900/311—Rigidity or stiffness
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
    • B60B2900/00—Purpose of invention
    • B60B2900/30—Increase in
    • B60B2900/325—Reliability

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an airless tire that suppresses reduction in durability while improving vibration performance.
  • the spoke plate members are arranged along a tire axial direction. Accordingly, the ground-contact time of the spoke plate members becomes short, and a load on the axle shaft largely varies between when the spoke plate members are in contact with the ground and when the portions between the spoke plate members are in contact with the ground. This causes a problem of deteriorated vibration performance.
  • spoke plate members (a) be inclined relative to the tire axial direction so that the ground-contact time of the spoke plate members (a) can be increased to improve vibration performance.
  • spoke length (bs) on the outer edge side in the tire axial direction becomes longer than spoke length (bc) on the central side in the tire axial direction as illustrated in FIGs. 10A and 10B as a plan view and a side view of the spoke plate member (a), respectively. That is, the spoke length does not become uniform at an arbitrary position in the tire axial direction.
  • FIGs. 10A and 10B illustrate the spoke plate members (a) with a thickness of zero for the sake of convenience.
  • JP 2008-132951 A discloses an airless tire according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • EP 2 610 073 A2 and JP H02 179503 A likewise relate to similar airless tires.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide an airless tire that improves vibration performance and suppresses stress concentration to control reduction in durability.
  • the spoke plate member have the radial inner end edge and the radial outer end edge of the thickness center plane inclined relative to the tire axial-direction line. Therefore, the ground-contact time of the spoke plate member increases and the load on the axle shaft becomes less varied between when spoke plate members are in contact with the ground and when the portions between the spoke plate members are in contact with the ground. As a result, vibration performance can be improved.
  • the cross line on which the thickness center plane crosses the plane at the right angle to the tire axial-direction line forms a straight line
  • spoke lengths measured from the radial inner end edge to the radial outer end edge along cross lines at five arbitrary positions in the tire axial direction are equal to one another. Accordingly, at the time of rolling, the amount of distortion of each spoke plate member becomes uniform at an arbitrary position in the tire axial direction to suppress the concentration of stress. As a result, it is possible to suppress damage of the spoke plate members and control reduction in durability of the tire resulting from the inclination of the spoke plate members.
  • an airless tire 1 of the embodiment includes a circular cylindrical tread ring 2 having a ground-contact surface 2S, a hub 3 that is disposed radially inward of the tread ring 2 and that is to be fixed to an axle shaft J (illustrated in FIG. 2 ), and a spoke 4 that couples the tread ring 2 and the hub 3.
  • the airless tire 1 is configured as a tire for passenger cars.
  • the tread ring 2 is a portion equivalent to a tread portion in a pneumatic tire.
  • the tread ring 2 includes a tread rubber portion 2A and a reinforcement cord layer 2B embedded in the tread rubber portion 2A.
  • the tread rubber portion 2A a rubber composition excellent in frictional force and friction-proof performance for ground contact is preferably employed.
  • the tread ring 2 is provided with a tread groove (not illustrated) formed in various pattern shapes on the ground-contact surface 2S as outer peripheral surface to offer wet performance.
  • the reinforcement cord layer 2B is formed of a belt layer 5 and a band layer 6 disposed on the belt layer 5 outside or inside in the radial direction.
  • the reinforcement cord layer 2B may be formed of only the belt layer 5 or the band layer 6.
  • the belt layer 5 is composed of at least one, in this example, two belt plies 5A and 5B of tire cords oriented at an angle of from 10 to 45 degrees with respect to the tire circumferential direction, for example.
  • the tire cords cross each other between the plies to enhance the rigidity of the tread ring 2.
  • the band layer 6 is composed of at least one, in this example, one band ply formed by winding a tire cord in a spiral manner in the tire circumferential direction.
  • the tire cords of the belt layer 5 and the tire cord of the band layer 6 can be appropriately steal cords or organic fiber cords, respectively.
  • organic fiber cords high-modulus fiber is preferably used such as high-strength and high-elasticity aramid, polyethylene naphthalene (PEN), polyethylene terephthalate (PET).
  • the tread ring 2 is formed by vulcanizing and molding a raw tread ring in a vulcanization mold.
  • the raw tread ring is formed by winding sequentially a sheet-like member for the belt layer 5, a sheet-like member for the band layer 6, and a sheet-like member for the tread rubber portion 2A on a circular cylindrical drum in the circumferential direction, for example.
  • the hub 3 is equivalent to a tire wheel, and includes a circular plate-like disc portion 3A to be fixed to the axle shaft J and a circular cylindrical spoke attachment portion 3B that is formed integrally with a radial outer end portion of the disc portion 3A.
  • the disc portion 3A has a hub hole 3A1 in the center for insertion of a front end portion Ja of the axle shaft J.
  • the disc portion 3A has around the hub hole 3A1 a plurality of bolt insertion holes 3A2 for tightening with nuts bolt portions Jb disposed on the axle shaft side.
  • the hub 3 is preferably formed of a metallic material such as steel, aluminum alloy, or magnesium alloy, for example, similar to conventional tire wheels.
  • the spoke 4 includes a casting of a polymer material. As illustrated in FIGs. 2 and 3 , the spoke 4 includes integrally an outer annular portion 4A, an inner annular portion 4B, and a plurality of spoke plate members 4C with a uniform thickness.
  • the polymer material can be a thermoplastic resin or a thermoset resin.
  • the polymer material is preferably a thermoset resin such as an epoxy resin, a phenol resin, a urethane resin, a silicon resin, a polyimide resin, or a melamine resin, for example.
  • the urethane resin is more preferred for its elastic characteristics.
  • the outer annular portion 4A is a circular cylindrical body that is concentric to the axle shaft J.
  • the outer peripheral surface of the outer annular portion 4A is bonded to the inner peripheral surface of the tread ring 2 via an adhesive, for example.
  • the inner annular portion 4B is a circular cylindrical body that is concentric to and disposed inside the outer annular portion 4A in the radial direction.
  • the inner peripheral surface of the inner annular portion 4B is bonded to the outer peripheral surface of the hub 3 via an adhesive, for example.
  • the spoke plate members 4C couple the outer annular portion 4A and the inner annular portion 4B.
  • Each of the spoke plate members 4C includes a thickness center plane S that includes a radial inner end edge 8i crossing the outer peripheral surface of the inner annular portion 4B and a radial outer end edge 8o crossing the inner peripheral surface of the outer annular portion 4A.
  • Each of the radial inner end edge 8i and the radial outer end edge 8o inclines relative to the tire axial-direction line.
  • the ground-contact time of the spoke plate members 4C increases.
  • the load on the axle shaft becomes less varied between when the spoke plate members 4C are in contact with the ground and when the portions between the spoke plate members 4C and 4C are in contact with the ground. This improves vibration performance.
  • the spoke plate members 4C are composed of first spoke plate members 4C1 in which the radial inner end edges 8i and outer end edges 8o incline to one side relative to the tire axial-direction line and second spoke plate members 4C2 in which the radial inner end edges 8i and outer end edges 8o incline to the other side relative to the tire axial direction.
  • the first spoke plate members 4C1 and the second spoke plate members 4C2 are alternately arranged in a zigzag manner in the circumferential direction. Accordingly, the spoke 4 becomes enhanced in bilateral symmetric property and is expected to improve uniformity and suppress vehicle flow.
  • a space D between closest ends of adjacent first and second spoke plate members 4C1 and 4C2 at one side is preferably set to be smaller than a ground-contact length (not illustrated), more preferably 15 mm or less, from the viewpoint of vibration performance.
  • FIGs. 4A and 4B are conceptual plan view and side view of the thickness center plane S, respectively.
  • the radial inner end edge 8i and outer end edge 8o of the thickness center plane S incline at respective angles ⁇ i and ⁇ o relative to the tire axial-direction line, and the angles ⁇ i and ⁇ o are in the relationship ⁇ i ⁇ ⁇ o. Therefore, the spoke plate members 4C are formed in a twisted plate shape.
  • FIGs. 5A and 5B are conceptual plan view and side view of the thickness center plane S.
  • a cross line 11 on which the thickness center plane S crosses a plane 10 at a right angle to the tire axial-direction line forms a straight line.
  • a spoke length L from the radial inner end edge 8i to the radial outer end edge 8o along the cross line 11 is uniform at an arbitrary position in the tire axial direction.
  • FIGs. 5A and 5B illustrate cross lines 11 1 to 11 5 disposed at five arbitrary positions P1 to P5 in the tire axial direction. The spoke lengths L1 to L5 of the cross lines 11 1 to 11 5 are equal to one another.
  • the length (spoke length L) of the cross line 11 at an arbitrary position in the tire axial direction is uniform. Accordingly, at the time of rolling, the amount of distortion of each spoke plate member 4C becomes uniform at an arbitrary position in the tire axial direction. As a result, it is possible to suppress stress concentration and reduce damage of the spoke plate members 4C.
  • the cross line 11 forms a part of a radial line (j) extending from a tire axis (i) at an arbitrary position in the tire axial direction. Accordingly, it is possible to transfer the load on the tire to the axle shaft in the most effective manner to contribute to improvement of durability.
  • the radial inner end edge 8i forms a shortest distance line 12 that connects an axially first end point E1 on one side of the radial inner end edge 8i and an axially second end point E2 on the other side of the radial inner end edge 8i at the shortest distance along the outer peripheral surface of the inner annular portion 4B as illustrated in FIG. 3 .
  • the shortest distance line 12 appears as a part of a sine curve 13 as illustrated in FIG. 6 .
  • the polymer material for the spoke 4 has preferably a 100% tensile stress M 100 of 2 MPa or more, more preferably 4 MPa or more.
  • a thickness T of the spoke plate members 4C is preferably of from 1 to 5 mm, and a ratio L/T of the spoke length L to the thickness T is preferably from 5 to 400.
  • the spoke plate members 4C When the 100% tensile stress M 100 of the polymer material is less than 2 MPa, the spoke plate members 4C become lack of strength to make it difficult to ensure sufficient durability.
  • the thickness T of the spoke plate members 4C When the thickness T of the spoke plate members 4C is less than 1 mm, the spoke plate members 4C become too thin. As a result, injection molding of the spoke plate members 4C becomes difficult because the polymer material may flow defectively in the mold during injection molding.
  • the thickness T exceeds 5 mm, there is no problem in use but the tire increases weight to bring disadvantages to fuel economy performance.
  • the ratio L/T is less than 5
  • the spoke plate members 4C occupy most of the space between the tread ring 2 and the hub 3, and the tire increases weight to bring disadvantages to fuel economy performance.
  • the ratio L/T exceeds 400, the spoke plate members 4C become too thin and too long. Therefore, the spoke plate members 4C become lack of strength to make it difficult to ensure sufficient durability.
  • an arc surface 15 with a radius of 0.5 mm or more at a recessed corner portion Q1 of an intersection between the outer surface of the spoke plate member 4C and the outer peripheral surface of the inner annular portion 4B and the inner peripheral surface of the outer annular portion 4A, thereby to connect the surface in a smooth way. It is also preferred to form a chamfer composed of an arc surface 16 with a radius of 0.5 mm or more at an edge portion Q2 of the spoke plate member 4C. Accordingly, it is possible to suppress concentration of distortion in the corner portion Q1 and the edge portion Q2 to contribute to improvement of durability of the spoke 4.
  • airless tires for passenger cars (with a size 145/70R12) having the structure illustrated in FIG. 1 were prototyped in accordance with the specifications shown in Table 1.
  • the sample tires were tested for durability and vibration performance.
  • the spokes of the sample tires were weighed.
  • the tires were based substantially on the same specifications except for those described in Table 1, and their spokes were formed integrally with tread rings and hubs by a casting of a urethane resin (thermoset resin).
  • the radial inner end edges of the thickness center planes are formed by the shortest distance lines.
  • the sample tires were run on a drum tester under a load of 3kN and at a speed of 100km/h, and the running distances until the tires became broken were measured and indexed with reference to an index of 500 representing the values of Example 1.
  • the larger indexes indicate more excellent durability performance.
  • the sample tires were mounted on the four wheels of a vehicle (ultra-small EV: product name COMS), and the vehicle was run on a tire test road with a dry asphalt surface.
  • the sample tires were tested for vibration performance by the driver's sensory evaluation and were indexed with reference to an index of 500 representing the values of Example 1. The larger indexes indicate more excellent vibration performance.
  • the weights of the spokes were calculated from the difference in weight between before and after the molding.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Tires In General (AREA)
EP14873785.1A 2013-12-24 2014-12-17 Airless tire Active EP3088208B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2013265792A JP6212381B2 (ja) 2013-12-24 2013-12-24 エアレスタイヤ
PCT/JP2014/083428 WO2015098656A1 (ja) 2013-12-24 2014-12-17 エアレスタイヤ

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3088208A1 EP3088208A1 (en) 2016-11-02
EP3088208A4 EP3088208A4 (en) 2017-08-23
EP3088208B1 true EP3088208B1 (en) 2020-07-15

Family

ID=53478520

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP14873785.1A Active EP3088208B1 (en) 2013-12-24 2014-12-17 Airless tire

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US10399384B2 (zh)
EP (1) EP3088208B1 (zh)
JP (1) JP6212381B2 (zh)
KR (1) KR102312792B1 (zh)
CN (1) CN105793063B (zh)
WO (1) WO2015098656A1 (zh)

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JP6610161B2 (ja) * 2015-10-22 2019-11-27 住友ゴム工業株式会社 エアレスタイヤ
JP6750467B2 (ja) * 2016-11-15 2020-09-02 住友ゴム工業株式会社 トレッドリングの剛性測定装置、及びトレッドリングの剛性測定方法
WO2019005125A1 (en) * 2017-06-30 2019-01-03 Compagnie Generale Des Etablissements Michelin EDGE PROTECTION FOR A NON-PNEUMATIC WHEEL
JP6964471B2 (ja) 2017-09-07 2021-11-10 Ｔｏｙｏ Ｔｉｒｅ株式会社 非空気圧タイヤ
CN113226799A (zh) * 2019-01-04 2021-08-06 普利司通美国轮胎运营有限责任公司 具有带层的轮胎胎面
CN115768632A (zh) * 2020-06-29 2023-03-07 普利司通美国轮胎运营有限责任公司 具有带有应力集中降低特征部的支撑结构的非充气轮胎
KR102412858B1 (ko) 2020-11-25 2022-06-27 한국타이어앤테크놀로지 주식회사 비공기입 타이어
KR102495966B1 (ko) 2021-01-18 2023-02-06 한국타이어앤테크놀로지 주식회사 날개를 포함하는 비공기입 타이어
CN113291100A (zh) * 2021-06-03 2021-08-24 中国科学院长春应用化学研究所 一种非充气轮胎
CN114801591A (zh) * 2022-04-20 2022-07-29 山东玲珑轮胎股份有限公司 一种非充气轮胎

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
KR102312792B1 (ko) 2021-10-15
US10399384B2 (en) 2019-09-03
EP3088208A4 (en) 2017-08-23
JP6212381B2 (ja) 2017-10-11
CN105793063A (zh) 2016-07-20
WO2015098656A1 (ja) 2015-07-02
EP3088208A1 (en) 2016-11-02
JP2015120440A (ja) 2015-07-02
KR20160101006A (ko) 2016-08-24
CN105793063B (zh) 2017-10-24
US20180093527A1 (en) 2018-04-05

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