EP3062411B1 - Method for controlling trip event of inverter - Google Patents

Method for controlling trip event of inverter Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3062411B1
EP3062411B1 EP16150168.9A EP16150168A EP3062411B1 EP 3062411 B1 EP3062411 B1 EP 3062411B1 EP 16150168 A EP16150168 A EP 16150168A EP 3062411 B1 EP3062411 B1 EP 3062411B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
inverter
trip
denotes
time
load factor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP16150168.9A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3062411A1 (en
Inventor
Hong-Seok Kim
Chun-Suk Yang
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
LS Electric Co Ltd
Original Assignee
LSIS Co Ltd
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by LSIS Co Ltd filed Critical LSIS Co Ltd
Publication of EP3062411A1 publication Critical patent/EP3062411A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3062411B1 publication Critical patent/EP3062411B1/en
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
    • H02H7/10—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers
    • H02H7/12—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers for static converters or rectifiers
    • H02H7/122—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers for static converters or rectifiers for inverters, i.e. dc/ac converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
    • H02H3/08—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess current
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H5/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal non-electric working conditions with or without subsequent reconnection
    • H02H5/04—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal non-electric working conditions with or without subsequent reconnection responsive to abnormal temperature
    • H02H5/042—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal non-electric working conditions with or without subsequent reconnection responsive to abnormal temperature using temperature dependent resistors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
    • H02H7/10—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers
    • H02H7/12—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers for static converters or rectifiers
    • H02H7/122—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers for static converters or rectifiers for inverters, i.e. dc/ac converters
    • H02H7/1227—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers for static converters or rectifiers for inverters, i.e. dc/ac converters responsive to abnormalities in the output circuit, e.g. short circuit
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/53—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M7/537—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
    • H02H3/08—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess current
    • H02H3/085—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess current making use of a thermal sensor, e.g. thermistor, heated by the excess current
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
    • H02H3/08—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess current
    • H02H3/093—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess current with timing means

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to a method for controlling a trip event of an inverter, and more specifically to a method for controlling a trip event of an inverter by taking into account the temperature of the inverter.
  • An inverter includes circuitry that converts an AC voltage to a DC voltage, switches the converted DC voltage by a switching element according to a pulse width modulation (PWM) signal to generate an AC voltage, and output the generated AC voltage to a load.
  • PWM pulse width modulation
  • JP 2006 025493 A discloses a current restriction method for a power converter to prevent overheat breakage.
  • a current limiting time is set to depend on the current value from the inverter.
  • An overcurrent protective operation is adapted for establishing allowable interrupt duration as a function of the amount of current; interrupting current supply to the power device when the amount of current is detected continuously for a period of time that is not shorter than the allowable duration.
  • An aspect of the present disclosure is to provide a method for controlling a trip event of an inverter that reflects an actual temperature of the inverter measured when the inverter is in operation, so that the trip event of the inverter can be controlled more accurately.
  • Another aspect of the present disclosure is to provide a method for controlling a trip event of an inverter that reflects an actual temperature of the inverter to thereby improve trip points of the inverter, so that unnecessary trip events can be reduced and trip points can be earlier, thereby preventing damage to the inverter when the inverter is overheating.
  • FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of a power module responsible for supplying power to an inverter to which a method for controlling a trip event of an inverter according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure is applied.
  • an inverter 102 includes a plurality of switching elements 11 to 17.
  • the switching elements used in the inverter 102 may include, but is not limited to, insulated gate bipolar mode transistors (IGBTs).
  • IGBTs insulated gate bipolar mode transistors
  • the switching elements 11 to 17 are repeatedly turned on and off to thereby convert a DC voltage to an AC voltage.
  • FIG. 2 is a graph showing change of a reference load factor versus switching frequency of the switching elements included in the inverter of FIG. 1 .
  • the inverter 102 compares an actual load factor Io/I ref to the reference load factor and determines whether to trip the inverter 102 based on a result of the comparing.
  • an actual load factor is defined as a ratio of an output current Io flowing in a switching element to a rated current I ref of the inverter 102.
  • the reference load factor is a criterion value for determining whether to trip an inverter. Default reference load factor is 100%.
  • the amount of heat emitted from a switching element increases with its switching frequency. Accordingly, as shown in FIG. 2 , when the switching frequency exceeds a reference frequency, e.g., 6 kHz, the reference load factor is adjusted so that it becomes lower than 100%.
  • a reference frequency e.g. 6 kHz
  • FIG. 3 is a graph showing time taken until a trip event occurs versus actual load factor of an inverter.
  • the reference load factor is determined depending on the switching frequency of a switching element.
  • the actual load factor I o /I ref of the inverter 102 is compared to the reference load factor, and it is determined whether and when to trip the inverter 102 (trip point) based on a result of the comparing. As shown in FIG. 3 , the higher the actual load factor I o /I ref is, the earlier the trip event occurs.
  • FIG. 4 is a flow chart for illustrating a method for controlling a trip event of an inverter in the related art.
  • the switching frequency f s of a switching element included in an inverter is compared to a reference frequency f c of the inverter (step S402).
  • the reference frequency f c is a criterion value for determining whether the inverter overheats due to the switching frequency f s of the switching element, and may be given arbitrarily.
  • the reference load factor is set to a predetermined value, e.g., 100% (step S404).
  • the reference load factor is interpolated according to a predetermined ratio (step S406).
  • the reference load factor determined in step S404 or S406 is compared to an actual load factor I o /I ref which is a ratio of an output current I o flowing in the switching element to a rated current I ref of the inverter (step S408). If it is determined that the actual load factor I o /I ref is not greater than the reference load factor, it returns to step S402 without performing a trip control process. On the other hand, if it is determined in step S408 that the actual load factor I o /I ref is greater than the reference load factor, which means that the inverter overheats, an overload current measurement time t is compared with a trip point reference time t ref (step S410), such that trip control is performed.
  • the overload current measurement time t refers to a time period for which an output current Io flows in a switching element.
  • step S410 If it is determined in step S410 that the overload current measurement time t is not greater than the trip point reference time t ref , it returns to step S402 without performing trip control. If it is determined in step S410 that the overload current measurement time t is greater than the trip point reference time t ref , the inverter is tripped (step S412), and thus the operation of the inverter is interrupted.
  • the overload current measurement time t is compared to the trip point reference time t ref , and it is determined whether the inverter overheats and whether to trip the inverter.
  • a change in temperature ⁇ t of an inverter can be estimated by converting the electrical energy E consumed by an inverter into the amount of heat Q emitted from the inverter.
  • a change in temperature ⁇ t of an inverter for an overload current measurement time t is estimated based on an electrical energy E consumed by the inverter for the overload current measurement time t, thereby controlling a trip operation.
  • a trip point of an inverter cannot be controlled accurately because the change in temperature is estimated based on the output current I o rather than directly measuring the temperature of the inverter.
  • a load such as an electric motor connected to an inverter is also expressed in inductance L as well as resistance R. Therefore, the temperature estimated based on electrical energy may not accurately reflect an actual change in temperature of an inverter.
  • a change in temperature of the inverter for an overload current measurement time period t is detected using a temperature sensing circuit.
  • FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram of a temperature sensing circuit used for measuring a temperature of an inverter according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the temperature sensing circuit includes first and second resistors 502 and 504 connected in series, and a third resistor 506 connected to the second resistor 504 in parallel.
  • the third resistor 506 may be a variable resistor such as a negative temperature coefficient (NTC) resistor having a resistance inversely proportional to a target, i.e., a temperature of an inverter.
  • NTC negative temperature coefficient
  • the temperature sensing circuit shown in FIG. 5 may be used for measuring a temperature of an inverter.
  • 1/(R2 ll R3) 1/R2 + 1/R3.
  • the output voltage V out is compared to predetermined output voltage ranges shown in a table such as Table 1. Then, a temperature corresponding to an output voltage range may be determined as the temperature of the inverter.
  • the output voltage ranges and corresponding temperatures as shown in Table 1 may differ from embodiment to embodiment.
  • other sensing devices than the temperature sensing circuit shown in FIG. 5 may be used for measuring a temperature of the inverter.
  • FIG. 6 is a flow chart for illustrating a method for controlling a trip event of an inverter according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the switching frequency f s of a switching element included in an inverter is compared to a reference frequency f c of the inverter (step S602). If the switching frequency f s is not greater than the reference frequency f c , the reference load factor is set to a predetermined value, e.g., 100% (step S604). On the other hand, when the switching frequency f s is greater than the reference frequency f c , the reference load factor is interpolated according to a predetermined ratio (step S606).
  • the reference load factor determined in step S604 or S606 is compared to an actual load factor I o /I ref which is a ratio of an output current I o flowing in the switching element to a rated current I ref of the inverter (step S608). If it is determined that the actual load factor I o /I ref is not greater than the reference load factor, it returns to step S602 without performing a trip control process. On the other hand, if it is determined in step S608 that the actual load factor I o /I ref is greater than the reference load factor, which means that the inverter overheats, an overload current measurement time t is compared with a compensation reference time t ref +t c (step S610), such that trip control is performed.
  • step S610 After calculating the compensation time t c , the compensation time t c is added to the trip point reference time t ref to obtain a compensation reference time t ref + t c (see Equation 1). Then, the calculated compensation reference time t ref + t c is compared to the overload current measurement time the, thereby determining whether to trip the inverter (step S610). That is, if the overload current measurement time t is greater than the compensation reference time t ref + t c , it is determined that the inverter overheats, and thus the inverter is interrupted (step S612). Otherwise, the process returns to step S602.
  • the trip point reference time t ref is compensated based on the difference between the calculated electrical energy E of the inverter and the actual amount Q of heat emitted from the inverter for the overload current measurement time t.
  • the trip point of the inverter can be controlled more precisely than in the related art.
  • FIG. 7 is a graph showing movement of trip points when the actual amount of heat emitted from the inverter for the overload current measurement time is smaller than the calculated electrical energy based on the measured current according to the exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the trip point reference time t ref is compensated based on the difference between the calculated electrical energy E of the inverter and the actual amount Q of heat emitted from the inverter, and, as a result, trip points of the inverter is adjusted. For example, if the actual amount Q of heat emitted from the inverter is smaller than the calculated electrical energy E, the compensation time t c becomes a positive value. Accordingly, the compensation reference time t ref + t c becomes larger than the trip point reference time t ref . When this happens, a curve 706 of the compensated trip point reference time moves to the right hand of a curve 704 of an original trip point reference time, as shown in FIG. 7 .
  • a signal 702 which is determined to be an overload signal with respect to the original curve 704, is not determined to be an overload signal with respect to the new curve 706.
  • the actual amount Q of heat emitted from the inverter is smaller than the calculated electrical energy E, it is possible to reduce the number of unnecessary trip events caused by erroneous temperature information even though the temperature of the inverter is in the normal range.
  • FIG. 8 is a graph showing movement of trip points when a reference of overheating based on temperature information of the inverter for the overload current measurement time is larger than a reference of overheating based on output current information according to the exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the compensation time t c becomes a negative value. Accordingly, the compensation reference time t ref + t c becomes smaller than the trip point reference time t ref .
  • a curve 804 of the compensated trip point reference time moves to the left hand of a curve 806 of an original trip point reference time, as shown in FIG. 8 .
  • a signal 802 which is not determined to be an overload signal with respect to the original curve 806, is determined to be an overload signal with respect to the new curve 804.
  • the actual amount Q of heat emitted from the inverter is larger than the calculated electrical energy E, it is possible to prevent damage to the inverter and failure of the device caused when the overheating inverter is erroneously determined to be operating normally according to the method in the related art.
  • an actual temperature of the inverter measured when the inverter is in operation is reflected, so that the trip event of the inverter can be controlled more accurately.
  • trip points of an inverter can be improved, so that unnecessary trip events can be reduced and trip points can be earlier, thereby preventing damage to the inverter when the inverter is overheating.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Inverter Devices (AREA)
  • Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
EP16150168.9A 2015-02-25 2016-01-05 Method for controlling trip event of inverter Active EP3062411B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
KR1020150026340A KR102092159B1 (ko) 2015-02-25 2015-02-25 인버터의 트립 제어 방법

Publications (2)

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EP3062411A1 EP3062411A1 (en) 2016-08-31
EP3062411B1 true EP3062411B1 (en) 2020-04-15

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US (1) US9997904B2 (zh)
EP (1) EP3062411B1 (zh)
JP (1) JP6247323B2 (zh)
KR (1) KR102092159B1 (zh)
CN (1) CN105915087B (zh)
ES (1) ES2802415T3 (zh)

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JP6950604B2 (ja) * 2018-03-26 2021-10-13 トヨタ自動車株式会社 電圧変換装置、電圧変換装置を用いた車両および電圧変換装置の制御方法

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP3062411A1 (en) 2016-08-31
US20160248245A1 (en) 2016-08-25
ES2802415T3 (es) 2021-01-19
US9997904B2 (en) 2018-06-12
KR102092159B1 (ko) 2020-03-24
KR20160104134A (ko) 2016-09-05
JP2016158489A (ja) 2016-09-01
CN105915087A (zh) 2016-08-31
CN105915087B (zh) 2018-09-25
JP6247323B2 (ja) 2017-12-13

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