WO2015059735A1 - 電源装置 - Google Patents
電源装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2015059735A1 WO2015059735A1 PCT/JP2013/006239 JP2013006239W WO2015059735A1 WO 2015059735 A1 WO2015059735 A1 WO 2015059735A1 JP 2013006239 W JP2013006239 W JP 2013006239W WO 2015059735 A1 WO2015059735 A1 WO 2015059735A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- power supply
- temperature
- supply device
- value
- protection start
- Prior art date
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H5/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal non-electric working conditions with or without subsequent reconnection
- H02H5/04—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal non-electric working conditions with or without subsequent reconnection responsive to abnormal temperature
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
- H02M1/327—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection against abnormal temperatures
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a power supply apparatus, and more particularly to a power supply apparatus that generates a DC power supply from an AC power supply.
- the electrical device has a power supply circuit or an AC adapter that generates a DC power from an AC power supplied from a commercial power supply or the like.
- This power supply circuit generally includes a power element including a switching element. Since the power element is a semiconductor element through which a large current flows, the junction temperature of the semiconductor element tends to increase. When the junction temperature is higher than a specified temperature range defined in advance, the power element is broken or deteriorated over time. Therefore, when using a power element, it is necessary to prevent the junction temperature from exceeding the specified temperature range. Therefore, Patent Documents 1 to 4 disclose techniques for controlling the junction temperature of the power element or the current flowing through the power element.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a technique for reading out a limited current corresponding to an ambient temperature based on a fluctuation signal.
- Patent Document 2 discloses a technique in which a thermistor is built in a semiconductor device and the temperature of the semiconductor device is detected by the thermistor.
- Patent Document 3 discloses performing diagnosis and soundness monitoring of power electronics components based on both instantaneous measurement values and measurement value trends (for example, including system voltage, current, temperature change rate, etc.). Has been.
- Patent Document 4 discloses an example of a current setting value for operating a semiconductor device in an ASO (Area of Safety Operation).
- Patent Documents 1 to 4 a mechanism for directly monitoring the junction temperature of the semiconductor element has to be provided in the semiconductor element, and there is a problem that options for a semiconductor device including the semiconductor element are limited. is there.
- One aspect of a power supply device includes a power supply control unit that outputs a PWM signal having a duty ratio corresponding to a difference between a voltage of a DC system power supply and a preset target voltage, and a switching element to which a heat sink is attached.
- a power circuit that switches the switching element based on the PWM signal and outputs the DC system power from an AC power supplied from the outside, and the power control unit is attached to the heat sink.
- the protection mechanism of the power supply circuit is activated in response to a period in which the rate of change in temperature information obtained from the first temperature sensor is greater than or equal to the protection start temperature change rate is greater than or equal to a preset protection start threshold time.
- the power supply apparatus does not require a mechanism for directly monitoring the junction temperature of the semiconductor element, and can expand the range of options for the semiconductor element.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a telephone system according to a first exemplary embodiment.
- 1 is a block diagram of a power supply device according to a first exemplary embodiment.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining an arrangement of a power element, a heat sink, and a temperature sensor according to the first embodiment.
- 6 is a graph showing the relationship between the junction temperature and the heat sink temperature when the rate of increase in junction temperature in the power supply device according to the first embodiment is small.
- 6 is a graph showing the relationship between the junction temperature and the heat sink temperature when the rate of increase of the junction temperature in the power supply device according to the first embodiment is large.
- 6 is a graph showing a temperature change of a heat sink when a rated current is output as a load current in the power supply device according to the first exemplary embodiment.
- FIG. 6 is a graph showing a method for controlling an overcurrent protection set value in the power supply device according to the second embodiment; 6 is a flowchart illustrating a method for controlling an overcurrent protection set value in the power supply device according to the second embodiment; 10 is a graph illustrating a method for controlling an overcurrent protection set value in the power supply device according to the third embodiment. 12 is a flowchart illustrating a method for controlling an overcurrent protection set value in the power supply device according to the third embodiment.
- Embodiment 1 Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
- the present invention relates to a power supply device.
- This power supply apparatus can be applied to a system other than the telephone system, and the applicable system is not limited to the telephone system.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the telephone system 1 according to the first embodiment.
- the telephone system 1 according to the first embodiment includes a power supply device 10, a private branch exchange 20, telephone terminals TM1 and TM2, and a system temperature sensor SEN.
- the system temperature sensor SEN outputs temperature information TSEN indicating the temperature inside the casing of the telephone system 1 (hereinafter referred to as ambient temperature).
- the power supply device 10 converts AC power supplied from an external commercial power supply into DC system power.
- the voltage of the DC system power supply is expressed as DC output voltage VOUT.
- the power supply device 10 includes a power supply circuit 11, a power supply control unit 12, and an insulation circuit 13.
- the power supply circuit 11 includes a switching element to which a heat sink is attached, switches the switching element based on a PWM signal generated by the power supply control unit 12, and outputs a DC system power supply from an AC power supply provided from the outside.
- the power supply control unit 12 outputs a PWM signal having a duty ratio corresponding to the difference between the voltage of the DC system power supply (DC output voltage VOUT) and a preset target voltage.
- the power supply control unit 12 determines that the period during which the rate of change of the temperature information obtained from the first temperature sensor attached to the heat sink is equal to or greater than the protection start temperature change rate is equal to or greater than the preset protection start threshold time. In response, the protection mechanism of the power supply circuit 11 is activated.
- an MPU Micro Processor Unit
- the insulation circuit 13 insulates the voltage observation point OVS and current observation point OCS of the power supply circuit 11 from the input terminal of the power supply control unit 12 and outputs a signal of a signal level corresponding to the voltage obtained from each observation point. Output.
- the voltage observed at each observation point becomes larger than the input range of the power supply control unit 12, it is particularly effective to provide the insulation circuit 13. Details of the power supply device 10 will be described later.
- the private branch exchange 20 performs connection control between the telephone terminals TM1 and TM2 and the office line.
- the private branch exchange 20 operates based on a DC system power supply.
- the private branch exchange 20 includes a system control unit 21, a memory 22, a real-time clock generation unit 23, and an interface circuit 24.
- the system control unit 21 controls connection between the telephone terminal TM1 and the office line.
- an MPU Micro Processor Unit
- the memory 22 stores a program for operating the system control unit 21.
- the memory 22 is assumed to have a larger capacity than the memory provided in the power supply device 10.
- the real-time clock generator 23 generates a real-time clock signal to be given to the system controller 21. This real time clock signal is used for time measurement in the system control unit 21.
- the telephone terminals TM1 and TM2 are fixed telephones, for example.
- the telephone terminals TM1 and TM2 are connected to the interface circuit 24 of the private branch exchange 20.
- the telephone terminals TM1 and TM2 include a display unit (for example, LCD (Liquid Crystal Display)) and a terminal control unit for displaying various information such as incoming call information.
- a display unit for example, LCD (Liquid Crystal Display)
- a terminal control unit for displaying various information such as incoming call information.
- an MPU Micro Processor Unit
- FIG. 2 shows a detailed block diagram of the power supply apparatus 10 according to the first embodiment.
- the power supply circuit 11 of the power supply device 10 according to the second embodiment uses a PFC circuit (power factor correction circuit: Power Factor Correction circuit) as a circuit that generates the DC output voltage VOUT.
- the power supply circuit 51 includes a rectifying / smoothing circuit 31, a drive circuit 32, a switching element (for example, a drive transistor Tr), an inductor L, a diode D, a capacitor C, a heat sink temperature sensor THSEN1, THSEN2, a current detection resistor Rs1, and resistors R1, R2.
- the driving transistor Tr and the diode D are power elements in which a large current flows through the semiconductor substrate.
- the rectifying / smoothing circuit 31 rectifies an AC input voltage supplied from an AC power source and outputs a DC voltage. This DC voltage is output to the power supply node connected to the positive output terminal of the rectifying / smoothing circuit 31 and the ground node connected to the negative output terminal.
- the inductor L and the diode D are inserted in the power supply node so as to be connected in series.
- the drive transistor Tr is connected between the node between the inductor L and the diode D and the ground node.
- a drive signal is given from the drive circuit 32 to the gate of the drive transistor Tr.
- the drive circuit 32 generates a drive signal from the PWM signal output from the PWM timer 43 of the power supply control unit 12.
- the drive transistor Tr and the diode D are provided with a heat sink.
- the heat sink provided in the drive transistor Tr is provided with a first temperature sensor (for example, a heat sink temperature sensor THSEN1) that detects the temperature of the heat sink.
- a first temperature sensor for example, a heat sink temperature sensor THSEN1
- the heat sink provided in the diode D is provided with a second temperature sensor (for example, a heat sink temperature sensor THSEN2) that detects the temperature of the heat sink.
- a second temperature sensor for example, a heat sink temperature sensor THSEN2
- the temperature information detected by the heat sink temperature sensors THSEN 1 and THSEN 2 is given to the AD conversion circuit 41 of the power supply control unit 12.
- the capacitor C is provided between the output terminal of the power supply circuit 11 among the terminals of the diode D and the ground node.
- the capacitor C smoothes a pulse signal generated by switching between the inductor L and the drive transistor Tr.
- resistors R1 and R2 are connected in series between the power supply node and the ground node.
- a node to which the resistor R1 and the resistor R2 are connected is a voltage observation point OVS.
- a current detection resistor Rs1 is inserted into the ground node.
- the terminal on the rectifying / smoothing circuit 31 side of the current detection resistor Rs1 is a current observation point OCS.
- the power supply control unit 12 includes an AD conversion circuit 41, a calculation unit 42, a PWM timer 43, and a memory 44.
- the AD conversion circuit 41 outputs the voltage value of the current observation point OCS obtained via the insulation circuit 13 and the digital value corresponding to the voltage value of the voltage observation point OVS. Further, the power supply device 10 outputs a digital value corresponding to an AC input voltage value indicating a voltage level of the AC input voltage supplied from the AC power supply. The AD conversion circuit 41 outputs a digital value corresponding to the temperature information output from the system temperature sensor SEN, the heat sink temperature sensor THSEN1, and the heat sink temperature sensor THSEN2. In FIG. 2, the temperature information output from the system temperature sensor SEN is represented as TSEN.
- the calculation unit 42 updates the set value of the PWM timer 43 so that the difference between the DC output voltage VOUT generated as the DC system power supply and the preset target voltage value approaches zero. Further, the calculation unit 42 calculates the rate of change of the temperature information obtained from the heat sink temperature sensors THSEN1 and THSEN2, and the current value flowing through the drive transistor Tr or the diode D exceeds the rated current value based on the rate of change of the temperature information. Determine whether or not. Further, when the calculation unit 42 determines that the current flowing through the drive transistor Tr or the diode D exceeds the rated current, the calculation unit 42 issues an alarm signal. The computing unit 42 determines the relationship between the rate of change in temperature information and the rated current with reference to table information stored in the memory 44. Then, the operation of the power supply circuit 11 is stopped by this alarm signal. The function of stopping the power supply circuit 11 is one of the protection mechanisms, and the protection mechanism differs depending on the specifications of the power supply circuit 11.
- the PWM timer 43 outputs a PWM signal having a duty ratio corresponding to the set value given from the calculation unit 42. Further, the PWM timer 43 stops generating the PWM signal in response to the alarm signal generated by the calculation unit 42.
- the memory 44 stores a program for determining the operation of the calculation unit 42. The memory 44 stores various information such as table information used by the calculation unit 42 and intermediate data generated by the calculation unit 42 during calculation.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining the arrangement of the power element, the heat sink, and the temperature sensor in the power supply device 10 according to the first embodiment.
- the power element 51 includes a semiconductor chip 52 formed with a structure that functions as a driving transistor Tr or a diode D, a frame 53, and a molding material that wraps the semiconductor chip 52.
- the power element 51 is bonded to the mounting substrate 54 with a conductive material such as solder.
- the heat sink 55 is adhered to the back surface of the power element 51 (the surface where the frame is exposed or the surface where the frame 53 exists directly under the molding material).
- the heat sink 55 and the power element 51 are bonded to each other with a structural member such as a screw and conductive grease, for example.
- the temperature sensor 56 is attached to the heat sink 55.
- the temperature measured by the temperature sensor 56 is different from the junction temperature of the semiconductor chip 52. More specifically, the relationship between the temperature measured by the temperature sensor 56 and the junction temperature is as follows: the measured temperature is T, the thermal resistance between the power element junction and the package is Rjp [° C./W], and the package and the heat sink The thermal resistance of the contact portion is Rph [° C / W], the thermal resistance of the heat sink is Rh [° C / W], the thermal resistance of the contact portion between the heat sink and the temperature sensor is Rhs [° C / W], and the temperature sensor package and internal When the thermal resistance with the sensor is Rcs [° C./W] and the heat generation amount at the junction is Wj [W], the relationship shown by the equation (1) is established.
- the temperature measured by the temperature sensor 56 is different from the actual junction temperature. Further, since the heat sink always radiates heat, when the increase rate of the junction temperature is large, the increase rate of the temperature measured by the temperature sensor 56 tends to be smaller than the increase rate of the junction temperature. Therefore, the relationship between the change in junction temperature and the temperature measured by the temperature sensor 56 will be described below.
- FIG. 4 and 5 are graphs showing the relationship between the increase rate of the junction temperature and the increase rate of the temperature of the heat sink in the power supply device according to the first embodiment.
- the graph shown in FIG. 4 shows a case where the increase rate of the junction temperature is smaller than that of the graph shown in FIG.
- the power supply device 10 can appropriately manage the junction temperature of the power element only by the temperature of the heat sink.
- the power supply device 10 cannot appropriately manage the junction temperature of the power element only by the temperature of the heat sink.
- the power supply device 10 from the rate of change of the temperature information obtained from the heat sink temperature sensors THSEN1 and THSEN2, an overcurrent state in which the junction temperature becomes a heat generation amount exceeding the maximum allowable junction temperature is estimated. Based on the estimation result, a protection mechanism for protecting the power element of the power supply circuit 11 from thermal destruction is operated.
- temperature detection and heating protection operation of the power supply device 10 according to the first embodiment will be described.
- the calculation unit 42 reads table information from the memory 44, refers to the table information, and is estimated from the rate of change in temperature information obtained from the heat sink temperature sensors THSEN1 and THSEN2. It is determined whether the output current of the element is equal to or higher than the rated current and whether the junction temperature is within a specified range. Therefore, details of the information described in the table information will be described.
- FIG. 6 shows a graph showing the temperature change of the heat sink when the rated current is output as the load current in the power supply device according to the first embodiment.
- the temperature information obtained from the heat sink temperature sensor rises at a constant rate to the protection start temperature at which the power supply control unit 12 starts heating protection of the power supply circuit 11 when a rated current is passed through the power element.
- table information is created by measuring in advance the change rate ⁇ T of the temperature information shown in FIG. 6 for each ambient temperature and AC input voltage.
- the calculating part 42 uses change rate (DELTA) T of the temperature information described in table information as a protection start temperature change rate.
- This table information is stored in the memory 44 of the power supply control unit 12.
- the memory 44 is preferably a non-volatile memory.
- FIG. 7 shows an example of table information in which temperature information in the power supply device according to the first embodiment is described.
- the table information describes the protection start temperature change rate ⁇ T when the ambient temperature is defined in increments of 10 ° C. and the AC input voltage is 80 V to 140 V with respect to one ambient temperature. .
- the calculation unit 42 when the calculation unit 42 has a rate of change in temperature information obtained from the heat sink temperature sensors THSEN1 and THSEN2 greater than the protection start temperature change rate ⁇ T described in the table information. Then, it is determined that an overcurrent flows through the power element. Then, the calculation unit 42 operates a protection mechanism such as stopping the power supply circuit 11 when an overcurrent state in which an overcurrent flows through the power element continues for a preset protection start threshold time. By such processing, when an overcurrent state occurs, the calculation unit 42 operates the protection mechanism for the power supply circuit 11 before the temperature information obtained from the heat sink temperature sensors THSEN1 and THSEN2 reaches the protection start temperature. .
- a protection mechanism such as stopping the power supply circuit 11 when an overcurrent state in which an overcurrent flows through the power element continues for a preset protection start threshold time.
- the calculation unit 42 determines the ambient temperature based on the temperature information TSEN obtained from the system temperature sensor SEN, and refers to the table information of the ambient temperature closest to the ambient temperature. Further, when determining the overcurrent state, the calculation unit 42 refers to the AC input voltage and determines the heat sink temperature change rate ⁇ T described corresponding to the AC input voltage closest to the obtained AC input voltage. Used as a standard for
- the power supply device 10 it is estimated whether the power element is in the overcurrent state from the rate of change of the temperature information obtained from the heat sink temperature sensors THSEN1 and THSEN2. Then, when the overcurrent state of the power element continues for a preset protection start threshold time or longer, the power supply device 10 presumes that the junction temperature has reached the protection start temperature and protects the power supply circuit 11. Make it work.
- the rate of change is smaller than the rate of change of the junction temperature of the power element, and the power element is within the rated range based on the temperature of the heat sink different from the actual junction temperature. It becomes possible to operate with.
- the junction temperature of the power element can be managed based on the temperature of the heat sink that assists the heat dissipation of the power element, so that the power element itself may not have the temperature sensor. Therefore, in the power supply device 10 according to the first exemplary embodiment, the range of options for the power element to be used can be widened.
- the power supply device 10 since the power supply device 10 according to the first embodiment can manage the junction temperature of the power element based on the temperature of the heat sink, even in an existing system configured with a power element that does not have a temperature sensor, The reliability of the system can be improved only by adding and updating the control program installed in the power supply control unit 12.
- the power supply control unit 12 that performs feedback control for maintaining the output voltage at the target voltage is used to manage the junction temperature of the power element. Newly added circuits or the like can be reduced. That is, the power supply device 10 according to the first embodiment can reduce the cost for designing and verifying the circuit and the like for managing the junction temperature.
- Embodiment 2 In the second embodiment, another form of control in the power supply device 10 of the first embodiment will be described.
- the protection is performed.
- the overcurrent protection start set value calculated from the start temperature change rate is lowered from the initial value.
- the power supply control unit 12 reduces the overcurrent protection when the output current state determined from the rate of change of the temperature information is within the range in which the output current state is determined as the rated current state continues for a preset return permission time or longer. Return the starting set value to the initial value.
- control for changing the overcurrent protection start set value in the power supply control unit 12 according to the second embodiment according to the operating state of the power supply circuit 11 will be described.
- the overcurrent protection start set value is a set value for determining the current value estimated from the protection start temperature change rate ⁇ T and the protection start threshold time described in the first embodiment as an overcurrent state.
- the overcurrent protection start set value can be defined by the product of the heat sink temperature change rate and the protection start threshold time.
- the change rate of the temperature information obtained from the heat sink temperature sensors THSEN1 and THSEN2 and the change rate of the temperature information larger than the heat sink temperature change rate can be allowed as a continuous time.
- the overcurrent state measurement value is derived by the product of the overcurrent allowable time.
- the overcurrent protection start setting value is compared with the overcurrent state measurement value, and the overcurrent state measurement value is larger than the overcurrent protection start setting value.
- a protection mechanism for protecting the power supply circuit 11 is operated.
- the overcurrent protection start set value is decreased, the protection start temperature change rate ⁇ T is decreased.
- the overcurrent protection start set value is decreased by decreasing the protection start threshold time. It is also possible to make it.
- FIG. 8 shows a timing chart showing a method of controlling the overcurrent protection start set value in the power supply device 10 according to the second embodiment.
- the power supply device 10 is activated with the overcurrent protection start setting value as an initial value.
- the initial value of the overcurrent protection start set value is set to a value larger than the protection start temperature change rate ⁇ T when the rated current flows at the ambient temperature and the AC input voltage at that time.
- an overcurrent state of the power element occurs, and the overcurrent state becomes the overcurrent allowable time or more at the timing T1.
- the power supply apparatus 10 decreases the overcurrent protection start set value by decreasing the value of the protection start temperature change rate ⁇ T as a reference from the timing T1.
- the protection start temperature change rate ⁇ T selected after the reduction is a value when the rated current flows at the ambient temperature and the AC input voltage at that time.
- the power supply device 10 returns the overcurrent protection start setting value to the initial value. Then, after timing T3, the power supply device 10 continues to operate based on the overcurrent protection start set value set as the initial value.
- FIG. 9 shows a timing chart showing the operation of the power supply device 10 according to the second exemplary embodiment.
- the power supply device 10 according to the second embodiment controls the power supply circuit 11 by setting the overcurrent protection start setting value to the initial value at the time of startup (step S1). Thereafter, the power supply device 10 continues normal operation while acquiring temperature information from the heat sink temperature sensors THSEN1 and THSEN2. Further, the power supply device 10 monitors whether or not an overcurrent is generated in the power element based on the temperature information acquired from the heat sink temperature sensors THSEN1 and THSEN2 in the normal operation (step S2).
- the power supply device 10 detects an overcurrent state during normal operation (YES in step S2), it measures the time during which the overcurrent state continues (for example, the overcurrent state elapsed time).
- the overcurrent protection start set value is decreased (step S4).
- the overcurrent protection start set value is reduced by making the protection start temperature change rate smaller than the initial value. Further, the overcurrent protection start set value after the reduction is calculated from the rate of change of the heat sink temperature when the rated current flows through the power element at the ambient temperature and the AC input voltage at that time.
- the power supply device 10 continues the operation unless the overcurrent state measurement value calculated from the heat sink temperature sensors THSEN1 and THSEN2 exceeds the overcurrent protection start set value after being lowered (steps S5 and S8).
- the power supply device 10 operates the protection mechanism for the power supply circuit 11 (steps S5 and S6).
- step S8 When the overcurrent state is released and the elapsed time of the rated current state in which the current flowing through the power element is equal to or lower than the rated current exceeds the return permission time (YES in step S8), the power supply device 10 starts overcurrent protection. The set value is returned to the initial value (step S9). Thereafter, the power supply device 10 continues the operation state while continuing the processing of steps S2 to S9.
- the overcurrent protection start setting value that is the threshold value for operating the protection function is set high in the initial state, and the overcurrent state is set to a predetermined time (for example, overcurrent). If the current continues for more than the allowable current time, the overcurrent protection start set value is lowered.
- rated values are defined for the power element.
- ASO safety operation area: Area of Safety Operation
- the second is a rated voltage and a rated current that define the maximum voltage and current that can be used constantly.
- the initial value of the overcurrent protection start set value is set based on the ASO, and the overcurrent protection start set value after being lowered is set based on the rated voltage and the rated current.
- the power supply device 10 when the load connected to the power supply device 10 is a capacitive load, an inrush current may occur during startup.
- the overcurrent protection start setting value is set based on the rated voltage and rated current, and the overcurrent protection start setting value is used in a fixed manner, the protection mechanism operates due to the inrush current that flows during startup, and May fail.
- the initial value of the overcurrent protection start setting value is set high, and when the overcurrent state occurs for the overcurrent allowable time or longer, the rated voltage and the rated current are supported. Change to the overcurrent protection start setting value.
- the power supply device 10 according to the second embodiment can realize a safe system that satisfies standards such as ASO, rated voltage, and rated current while realizing stable start-up even for capacitive loads. it can.
- Embodiment 3 In the third embodiment, another form of the method for changing the overcurrent protection start set value described in the second embodiment will be described.
- the power supply control unit 12 sets the overcurrent protection start setting value to the initial value and then starts the power supply circuit. In the meantime, the power supply circuit is operated based on the initial value, and the overcurrent protection start set value is set to a value lower than the initial value after the elapsed elapsed time. Then, the power supply control unit 12 reduces the overcurrent protection when the output current state determined from the rate of change in temperature information is within the range in which the output current state is determined to be the rated current state continues for a preset return permission time or longer. Return the starting set value to the initial value.
- control for changing the overcurrent protection start setting value in the power supply control unit 12 according to the third embodiment in accordance with the operating state of the power supply circuit 11 will be described.
- overcurrent protection start set value parameters such as overcurrent protection start set value, overcurrent state elapsed time, rated current state elapsed time, overcurrent permission time, and recovery permission time are used. Since this is the same as the second embodiment, description thereof is omitted.
- the startup elapsed time is newly used as a parameter. This elapsed startup time is the elapsed time from the startup of the power supply circuit 11, and is, for example, a time that can protect the usage range defined by ASO.
- the activation elapsed time is set to a time of, for example, several tens of milliseconds or more and tens of seconds or less.
- FIG. 10 shows a timing chart showing a method of controlling the overcurrent protection start set value in the power supply device 10 according to the third embodiment.
- the power supply device 10 is activated with the overcurrent protection start setting value as an initial value.
- the initial value of the overcurrent protection start set value is set to a value larger than the protection start temperature change rate ⁇ T when the rated current flows at the ambient temperature and the AC input voltage at that time.
- the power supply device 10 decreases the overcurrent protection start set value.
- the power supply device 10 returns the overcurrent protection start setting value to the initial value. Then, after timing T12, the power supply device 10 continues the operation based on the overcurrent protection start setting value set as the initial value.
- FIG. 11 shows a timing chart showing the operation of the power supply device 10 according to the third embodiment.
- the power supply device 10 according to the third exemplary embodiment sets the overcurrent protection start setting value to an initial value at the time of startup, and the power supply circuit 11 with the initial value until the elapsed elapsed time elapses. Is controlled (step S11).
- the power supply device 10 decreases the overcurrent protection start set value (step S11).
- the overcurrent protection start set value is reduced by making the protection start temperature change rate smaller than the initial value. Further, the overcurrent protection start set value after the reduction is calculated from the rate of change of the heat sink temperature when the rated current flows through the power element at the ambient temperature and the AC input voltage at that time.
- the power supply device 10 continues to operate unless the measured overcurrent state value calculated from the heat sink temperature sensors THSEN1 and THSEN2 exceeds the set overcurrent protection start value after being lowered (steps S12 and S15).
- the power supply device 10 operates the protection mechanism for the power supply circuit 11 when the overcurrent state measurement value exceeds the overcurrent protection start set value after being lowered (steps S12 and S13).
- the power supply device 10 starts overcurrent protection.
- the set value is returned to the initial value (step S16).
- step S17 Thereafter, if no overcurrent state is detected (NO branch of step S17), the power supply apparatus 10 maintains the normal operation state.
- the power supply device 10 is set to start overcurrent protection. The value is decreased (step S11).
- the power supply device 10 according to the third embodiment repeats the processing of step S11 to step S18 after the overcurrent protection start set value is returned to the initial value in step S16, so that the embodiment The same operation as that of the power supply apparatus 10 according to 2 is performed.
- the overcurrent protection start setting value is forcibly set when a period during which the inrush current at the time of start-up is high due to a capacitive load or the like has elapsed.
- the power element is controlled to operate within the range of the rated voltage and the rated current during the period until the output state of the power supply circuit 11 is stabilized.
- the time during which the inrush current occurs is a period of several tens of milliseconds to several hundred milliseconds, and the time for the power element to break down due to overcurrent and heating has a time of several tens of seconds. Therefore, it is preferable to set the elapsed start time and the overcurrent allowable time according to the inrush current occurrence time. Moreover, it is preferable to set the protection start threshold time in a range that does not exceed the time until destruction due to overcurrent and heating. By setting each time in this way, malfunction of the power supply apparatus 10 can be prevented.
- the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and can be appropriately changed without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
- information obtained from the heat sink temperature sensor is used as temperature information for estimating the junction temperature.
- a temperature sensor that can more directly monitor the junction temperature of the power element to be controlled is incorporated in the power element. If it is, the processing of the above embodiment can be performed based on the information of the temperature sensor. By using the temperature sensor built in the power element, it is possible to manage the junction temperature with higher accuracy than the power supply device 10 according to the above embodiment.
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Abstract
Description
以下、図面を参照して本発明の実施の形態について説明する。本発明は、電源装置に関するものである。この電源装置は、電話システム以外のシステムにも適用することができるものであり、適用可能なシステムは電話システムに限られない。
実施の形態2では、実施の形態1の電源装置10における制御の別の形態について説明する。実施の形態2では、電源制御部12が、温度情報の変化率から判断される出力電流値が予め設定した過電流状態よりも大きくなる期間が予め設定した過電流許容時間以上継続した場合、保護開始温度変化率から算出される過電流保護開始設定値を初期値よりも低下させる。また、電源制御部12は、温度情報の変化率から判断される出力電流状態が定格電流状態と判断される範囲となる期間が予め設定した復帰許可時間以上継続した場合、低下させた過電流保護開始設定値を初期値に復帰させる。以下では、実施の形態2にかかる電源制御部12における上記過電流保護開始設定値を電源回路11の動作状態に応じて変化させる制御について説明する。
実施の形態3では、実施の形態2で説明した過電流保護開始設定値の変更方法の別の形態について説明する。実施の形態3では、電源制御部12は、電源回路11を起動させる際に、過電流保護開始設定値を初期値に設定した上で電源回路を起動させ、起動から予め設定した起動経過時間の間、初期値に基づき前記電源回路を動作させ、起動経過時間の経過後に過電流保護開始設定値を前記初期値よりも低い値に設定する。そして、電源制御部12は、温度情報の変化率から判断される出力電流状態が定格電流状態と判断される範囲となる期間が予め設定した復帰許可時間以上継続した場合、低下させた過電流保護開始設定値を初期値に復帰させる。以下では、実施の形態3にかかる電源制御部12における上記過電流保護開始設定値を電源回路11の動作状態に応じて変化させる制御について説明する。
10 電源装置
11 電源回路
12 電源制御部
13 絶縁回路
20 構内交換機
21 システム制御部
22 メモリ
23 リアルタイムクロック生成部
24 インタフェース回路
31 整流平滑回路
32 駆動回路
41 AD変換回路
42 演算部
43 PWMタイマ
44 メモリ
51 パワー素子
52 半導体チップ
53 フレーム
54 実装基板
55 ヒートシンク
56 温度センサ
HTSEN1 第1の温度センサ
HTSEN2 第2の温度センサ
Tr 駆動トランジスタ
D ダイオード
L インダクタ
C コンデンサ
OVS 電圧観測点
OCS 電流観測点
TM1、TM2 電話端末
Claims (5)
- 直流システム電源の電圧と予め設定された目標電圧との差に応じたデューティー比を有するPWM信号を出力する電源制御部と、
ヒートシンクが取り付けられたスイッチング素子を含み、前記PWM信号に基づき前記スイッチング素子をスイッチングして、外部から与えられる交流電源から前記直流システム電源を出力する電源回路と、を有し、
前記電源制御部は、
前記ヒートシンクに取り付けられた第1の温度センサから得た温度情報の変化率が保護開始温度変化率以上となる期間が予め設定した保護開始閾値時間以上となったことに応じて前記電源回路の保護機構を作動させる電源装置。 - 前記電源制御部は、
前記温度情報の変化率から判断される出力電流値が予め設定した過電流状態よりも大きくなる期間が予め設定した過電流許容時間以上継続した場合、前記保護開始温度変化率から算出される過電流保護開始設定値を初期値よりも低下させ、
前記温度情報の変化率から判断される出力電流状態が定格電流状態と判断される範囲となる期間が予め設定した復帰許可時間以上継続した場合、低下させた前記過電流保護開始設定値を前記初期値に復帰させる請求項1に記載の電源装置。 - 前記電源制御部は、前記電源回路を起動させる際に、
前記保護開始温度変化率から算出される過電流保護開始設定値を初期値に設定した上で前記電源回路を起動させ、
起動から予め設定した起動経過時間の間、前記初期値に基づき前記電源回路を動作させ、
前記起動経過時間の経過後に前記過電流保護開始設定値を前記初期値よりも低い値に設定し、
前記温度情報の変化率から判断される出力電流状態が定格電流状態と判断される範囲となる期間が予め設定した復帰許可時間以上継続した場合、低下させた前記過電流保護開始設定値を前記初期値に復帰させる請求項1又は2に記載の電源装置。 - 前記電源制御部は、周囲温度と前記交流電源の交流電圧と前記温度情報の変化率との関係を示したテーブル情報を有し、前記テーブル情報を参照して前記スイッチング素子に流れる出力電流値を推定する請求項1乃至3のいずれか1項に記載の電源装置。
- 前記電源回路は、ヒートシンク及び前記ヒートシンクの温度を検出する第2の温度センサが取り付けられたダイオードを含み、
前記電源制御部は、前記第2の温度センサから得た温度情報の変化率が保護開始温度変化率以上となる期間が前記保護開始閾値時間以上となったことに応じて前記電源回路の保護機構を作動させる請求項1乃至4のいずれか1項に記載の電源装置。
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CN201380080194.4A CN105659460B (zh) | 2013-10-22 | 2013-10-22 | 电源装置 |
PCT/JP2013/006239 WO2015059735A1 (ja) | 2013-10-22 | 2013-10-22 | 電源装置 |
JP2015543574A JP6152426B2 (ja) | 2013-10-22 | 2013-10-22 | 電源装置 |
TW103135762A TWI550984B (zh) | 2013-10-22 | 2014-10-16 | Power supply |
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