EP3049585A1 - Device forming a wall construction element - Google Patents

Device forming a wall construction element

Info

Publication number
EP3049585A1
EP3049585A1 EP13799339.0A EP13799339A EP3049585A1 EP 3049585 A1 EP3049585 A1 EP 3049585A1 EP 13799339 A EP13799339 A EP 13799339A EP 3049585 A1 EP3049585 A1 EP 3049585A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
wall
base
building
walls
insulation
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP13799339.0A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Jérémie BOUTRY
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sarrail Jean-Luc
Original Assignee
Sarrail Jean-Luc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Family has litigation
First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=49709752&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=EP3049585(A1) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by Sarrail Jean-Luc filed Critical Sarrail Jean-Luc
Publication of EP3049585A1 publication Critical patent/EP3049585A1/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/02—Structures consisting primarily of load-supporting, block-shaped, or slab-shaped elements
    • E04B1/04—Structures consisting primarily of load-supporting, block-shaped, or slab-shaped elements the elements consisting of concrete, e.g. reinforced concrete, or other stone-like material
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/30—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure
    • E04C2/34—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure composed of two or more spaced sheet-like parts
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
    • E04B1/7608—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only comprising a prefabricated insulating layer, disposed between two other layers or panels
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/44—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the purpose
    • E04C2/46—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the purpose specially adapted for making walls
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/0007—Base structures; Cellars
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
    • E04B2001/7679—Means preventing cold bridging at the junction of an exterior wall with an interior wall or a floor

Definitions

  • the present invention is in the field of construction and building.
  • the invention relates more particularly to improving the energy performance of a building through the wall wall construction.
  • the shape of these walls is such that it avoids thermal bridges at the joints between the different vertical and horizontal walls, and at the door frames.
  • the invention provides a construction element for the realization of a wall wall and consisting of at least one outer wall and a separate inner wall and secured to each other, for the purpose of limiting maximum structural thermal bridges.
  • said inner and outer plates are supported directly at their lower edge resting on the same slab, metal brackets connecting again said songs of these plates. It should be noted that these brackets serve to maintain the regular spacing of the inner and outer plates, by bridging them, in order to pour the concrete wall in the space thus arranged and reserved.
  • This technique is therefore similar to a lost formwork and only partially limits heat loss, especially at the thermal bridges located at the level of the connections with the slab on which the walls are laid, as well as at the level of the floors and floors. framing of the bays.
  • the inner wall does not provide a carrier structure rigid enough to allow buildings of more than one floor, while maintaining the same insulating characteristics on the upper floors. Indeed, the mezzanine walls can not be supported by the inner wall, having a non-supporting structure.
  • the present invention aims to overcome the drawbacks of the state of the art, by proposing a construction device comprising an inner wall, shaped L, consisting of a single element provided in the lower part of a base facing the outside and intended to receive an exterior wall.
  • a construction device comprising an inner wall, shaped L, consisting of a single element provided in the lower part of a base facing the outside and intended to receive an exterior wall.
  • the invention relates to a construction device, comprising at least one inner wall and at least one outer wall, characterized in that said inner wall consists of a single element, shaped as L so as to constitute a base facing outward, the outer end of said base forming receiving means supporting said outer wall.
  • said receiving means may be in the form of a hollow recess hollow in the thickness of said end of the base and dimensioned so as to receive at least partially in engagement the lower part of said exterior wall .
  • said inner wall may comprise at least one through opening from its outer face to its inner face in the upper part of said base.
  • the insulating material can pass through this opening and provide continuity with the isolate between the inner and outer walls.
  • said inner wall may comprise at its upper end and its inner face, at least one receiving housing of a mestresol wall. Therefore, said mezzanine wall rests inside on a supporting structure formed by the inner wall, without junction with the outer wall, limiting all the thermal bridges. Thus, at the level of the mezzanine, when passing from one floor to another, the insulation is continuous between the outer and inner walls.
  • such a device increases the number of floors of the building, a single floor on the ground floor up to several floors, including four or five floors, while providing improved insulation by separating the walls exterior of the building of the inner walls.
  • this construction device ensures a continuity of insulation, especially under the roof and the possible terraces of the building thus realized.
  • FIG. 1 shows schematically a view in a vertical section of a building device according to the invention, implemented in a building with two floors;
  • FIG. 2 shows schematically a perspective view of a detail of the device according to a preferred embodiment, showing the L-shaped base facing outwardly and receiving the outer wall superiorly;
  • FIG. 3 schematically shows a front view of a particular embodiment of the inner wall of said construction device, showing the junctions with the base and the space for the passage of the insulating material.
  • the present invention relates to a device 1 of construction.
  • a device 1 of construction is intended to constitute a wall element forming the supporting structure of a building 2, while ensuring its insulation.
  • such a device 1 is implemented in a building 2 at its ground floor 3, surmounted by a first floor 4, the latter being covered by a roof 5.
  • a device 1 can equip the ground floor 3 of a building 2 foot, two, three, four or five floors.
  • such a device 1 can also come to equip one of the upper floors.
  • the building 2 comprises an entresol wall 6, generally consisting of a pavement forming on the upper face the floor of the floor above and on the lower face the ceiling of the floor located in below.
  • a floor 7 may cooperate with said device 1, the latter being able to be secured in the continuity of said floor 7, or supported on the upper face of this floor 7.
  • the construction device 1 comprises at least one inner wall 8 and at least one outer wall 9. These walls are provided separately and spaced, in order to receive an insulating material 10 within the space formed by this separation. This reservation of a space thus ensures the insulation of the building on all its periphery, with the exception of doorframes equipping the openings made through said walls 8,9.
  • said inner wall 8 consists of a single element, shaped L to form a base 11 facing outwards.
  • the inner wall 8 consists of a single block of generally rectangular parallelepiped shape, as shown in Figure 3, and whose lower end has a projection extending outwardly of the building 2, said projection forming said base 11.
  • this inner wall 8 is formed within a formwork, inside which is positioned a metal frame, before pouring concrete.
  • This inner wall 8 thus constitutes a load-bearing structure.
  • the outer end of said base 11 forms receiving means 12 supporting said outer wall 9.
  • the outer wall 9 comes to rest on the upper face of the base 11, spaced from the length of the latter relative to the inner wall 8, reserving the spacing to receive the insulating material 10.
  • said receiving means 12 are in the form of a recess 13 formed hollow in the thickness of said end of the base 11 and dimensioned to receive at least partially interlocking the lower part of said outer wall 9.
  • said drop 13 has a width equivalent to the thickness of the outer wall 9.
  • the outer end edge of the base 11 then comes flush with the outer face of said wall outside 9.
  • this hook 13 extends over the entire length of the base 11 and, as a result, of said inner wall 8.
  • said stall 13 may constitute a notch, forming a groove along the entire length of the base 11.
  • the outer end of the base 11 protrudes outwards, beyond the outer face of said outer wall 9. The latter then comes to fully fit inside such a notch.
  • the outer wall 9 is supported by the inner wall 8 and is not a carrier, its structure then being lightened. It is the inner wall 8 which is provided carrier, receiving internally a reinforcement, in particular metallic, likely to take internally the efforts and structural constraints of the building 2, especially the upper floors. In sum, the outer wall 9 then serves as a covering building 2. It will be noted that coatings, in particular a covering, can be applied to the outside face of the outer wall 9 and to the inner face of the inner wall 8.
  • the invention in order to improve the insulation between the exterior and the interior of the building 2, provides for the continuity of the insulation located between the inner 8 and outer 9 walls with the insulation of the base of said building 2, namely with the insulation of the floor 7.
  • said inner wall 8 comprises at least one through opening 14 from its outer face to its inner face in the upper part of said base 11.
  • this opening 14 is in the form of a single slot extending from one end to the other along the length of said inner wall 8, outside the lateral ends at which the base 11 is contiguous and integral with the vertical inner wall wall element.
  • This junction takes place by a continuity of the material constituting said device 1, in particular concrete, as well as in particular the internal frame that it encloses, namely a metal frame.
  • said opening 14 allows the reception of a complementary insulating material 15, introduced inside said slot, then ensuring continuity with the insulating material 10, in the upper face of the floor 7, through the interior wall 8. From when only the two parts connecting the base 11 and the vertical wall wall element constitute heat-transferable bonds from the pavement 7 and the outer wall 9, thereby limiting the thermal bridges detrimental to the overall insulation of the building 2. Note that the metal frame of said inner wall 8 can pass internally at these junctions, to ensure continuity with the base 11, in particular with another part of the metal frame which is cast.
  • the inner wall 8 which is carrying and takes up most of the structural constraints of the building 2, especially the upper floors.
  • said inner wall 8 comprises at its upper end and its inner face, at least one housing 16 for receiving a mestresol wall 6.
  • This housing is similar to an inward stall in particular of the building 2, on a part of the thickness of the inner wall 8.
  • the end of the mezzanine slab 6 then comes to rest within this housing 16.
  • the height of this drop is equivalent to the thickness of the wall of mezzanine 6, that the upper edge of the inner wall 8 comes flush with the upper face of this mezzanine wall 6.
  • the other part of the thickness of the inner wall 8 makes it possible to receive in support a part of the upper structural wall 17.
  • the mezzanine wall 6 can also receive in support a part of said upper wall 17.
  • this wall of Mezzanine 6 may also receive suitable fixing means 21, in particular sealing said upper wall 17.
  • the latter is preferably provided with a carrier, too, to ensure the continuity of the recovery of structural efforts by the interior of the building 2.
  • a non-structural exterior upper wall 18 can come to support superiorly on said outer wall 9.
  • a complementary opening 19 in the manner of the opening 14 located in the lower part.
  • the construction device 1 makes it possible to constitute a continuity in the insulation of the building 2, all around the latter, between the inner wall 8 and the outer wall 9, connected in overlapping manner to the floor 7 and under the roof 5. Building 2 is then completely surrounded by insulation, apart from minimal junction and support points.
  • such a device 1 is simple to implement, namely that it is sufficient to position the inner wall 8, then to rest the outer wall 9. The latter can be maintained by air gaps in conjunction with the inner wall 8.
  • the insulating material 10 may be reciprocally affixed or injected, in particular blown into the space between these walls 8 and 9.
  • the complementary insulating material 15 may also be positioned before or after mounting the outer wall 9.
  • the invention allows the realization of buildings of one to several floors, with improved insulation.
  • the invention also covers a construction device in which, even if the non-supporting structure of the wall wall obtained, namely the outer wall, can be removed or replaced, in particular by another type of covering or covering outside, from the moment this coating or cladding comes to bear on the base 11, then it will be similar to the outer wall, as previously defined.
  • this may be the case for buildings defined as temporary, with regard to current urban and technical regulations, buildings whose normal temperature of use is less than or equal to the thresholds of said regulations, buildings intended to be open to the outside in normal operation.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Finishing Walls (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
  • Load-Bearing And Curtain Walls (AREA)
  • Panels For Use In Building Construction (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a construction device (1) comprising at least one inner wall (8) and at least one outer wall (9), characterised in that said inner wall (8) consists of a single element which is shaped in the form of an L so as to form an outwardly facing base (11), the outer end of said base (11) forming receiving means (12) supporting said outer wall (9).

Description

DISPOSITIF FORMANT ELEMENT MURAL DE CONSTRUCTION  DEVICE FORMING WALL ELEMENT FOR CONSTRUCTION
La présente invention entre dans le domaine de la construction et du bâtiment . The present invention is in the field of construction and building.
L'invention concerne plus particulièrement l'amélioration des performances énergétiques d'un bâtiment au travers de la réalisation de paroi murale . The invention relates more particularly to improving the energy performance of a building through the wall wall construction.
De manière connue, afin d'améliorer l'isolation thermique des habitations, au moment de leur construction, différents matériaux sont disposés au sein des murs, en parement de façade et/ou en face intérieure, ou bien au sein des murs. C'est pourquoi il a été imaginé de réaliser des parois murales séparées, à savoir constituées d'un mur extérieur et d'un mur intérieur rendus solidaires entre eux, mais espacés de manière à conserver un vide destiné à être rempli d'un matériau isolant . In a known manner, in order to improve the thermal insulation of the dwellings, at the time of their construction, different materials are disposed within the walls, facing facade and / or inside, or within the walls. That is why it was imagined to realize separate wall walls, namely consisting of an outer wall and an inner wall made integral with each other, but spaced so as to maintain a vacuum intended to be filled with a material insulation.
La forme de ces parois est telle qu'elle évite des ponts thermiques au niveau des jointures entre les différentes parois verticales et horizontales, ainsi qu'au niveau des huisseries. The shape of these walls is such that it avoids thermal bridges at the joints between the different vertical and horizontal walls, and at the door frames.
Ainsi, l'invention propose un élément de construction destiné à la réalisation d'une paroi murale et constitué d'au moins un mur extérieur et un mur intérieur séparés et rendus solidaires entre eux, dans un but de limitation maximale des ponts thermiques structurels . Thus, the invention provides a construction element for the realization of a wall wall and consisting of at least one outer wall and a separate inner wall and secured to each other, for the purpose of limiting maximum structural thermal bridges.
Dans le domaine de la construction, il existe déjà des techniques ayant recourt à des murs à base d' isolants rigides intérieur et extérieur séparés et rendus solidaires entre eux. Un exemple est décrit au travers du document FR 2 918 395 concernant des éléments destinés à former une paroi murale, de type paroi « sandwich » . De tels éléments se présentent sous la forme de plaques et venant, en extérieur, former la façade et, en intérieur, former un mur. Lesdites plaques sont reliées et fixées entre elles par des équerres métalliques formant un espace entre la façade et le mur intérieur. Cet espace est ensuite rempli avec du béton destiné à, d'une part, solidariser les plaques intérieures et extérieures et, d'autre part, à former un mur plein porteur, lesdites plaques n'étant aucunement des éléments structurels porteurs. En fonction du nombre de plaques, il est possible de déterminer les dimensions de la paroi murale souhaitée. In the field of construction, there already exist techniques using walls based rigid insulators inside and outside separated and made integral with each other. An example is described in document FR 2 918 395 concerning elements intended to form a wall wall, of "sandwich" wall type. Such elements are in the form of plates and coming, outside, form the facade and, indoors, form a wall. Said plates are connected and fixed together by metal brackets forming a space between the front and the inner wall. This space is then filled with concrete intended, on the one hand, to secure the inner and outer plates and, on the other hand, to form a solid wall carrier, said plates being in no way structural structural elements. Depending on the number of plates, it is possible to determine the dimensions of the desired wall wall.
De plus, lesdites plaques intérieures et extérieures sont supportées directement au niveau de leur chant inférieur reposant sur une même dalle, des équerres métalliques reliant encore une fois lesdits chants de ces plaques . On notera que ces équerres servent à maintenir 1 ' espacement régulier des plaques intérieure et extérieure, en les entretoisant, en vue de couler le mur de béton dans 1 ' espace ainsi ménagé et réservé . In addition, said inner and outer plates are supported directly at their lower edge resting on the same slab, metal brackets connecting again said songs of these plates. It should be noted that these brackets serve to maintain the regular spacing of the inner and outer plates, by bridging them, in order to pour the concrete wall in the space thus arranged and reserved.
Cette technique s'apparente donc à un coffrage perdu et ne limite que partiellement les déperditions de chaleur, en particulier au niveau des ponts thermiques situés au niveau des liaisons avec la dalle sur laquelle les murs sont posés, ainsi qu'au niveau des planchers et encadrements des baies. This technique is therefore similar to a lost formwork and only partially limits heat loss, especially at the thermal bridges located at the level of the connections with the slab on which the walls are laid, as well as at the level of the floors and floors. framing of the bays.
Pour pallier ces inconvénients, une solution a été imaginée au travers du document EP 2 354 346, qui décrit un élément de construction limitant les ponts thermiques aux seules liaisons structurelles du bâtiment, permettant d'offrir une isolation continue entre les murs et les sols et plafonds . Pour ce faire, un tel élément de construction est constitué d' un mur extérieur et d' un mur intérieur séparés et rendus solidaires entre eux, ledit mur extérieur étant constitué d'un unique élément formant en partie inférieure une embase saillante vers l'intérieur et conformée en L, de manière à servir de support et recevoir supérieurement la partie inférieure dudit mur intérieur. To overcome these drawbacks, a solution has been devised through document EP 2 354 346, which describes a construction element limiting the thermal bridges to only structural connections of the building, to provide continuous insulation between walls and floors and ceilings. To do this, such a construction element consists of an outer wall and a inner wall separated and made integral with each other, said outer wall being constituted by a single element forming in the lower part a base protruding inwardly. and shaped in L, so as to serve as a support and receive superiorly the part lower of said interior wall.
Toutefois, si un tel élément assure une isolation amélioré, le mur intérieur ne permet pas de constituer une structure porteuse suffisamment rigide pour autoriser des constructions de plus d'un étage, tout en conservant les mêmes caractéristiques isolantes sur les étages supérieurs. En effet, les parois d' entresols ne peuvent pas être supportées par le mur intérieur, possédant une structure non porteuse. However, if such an element provides improved insulation, the inner wall does not provide a carrier structure rigid enough to allow buildings of more than one floor, while maintaining the same insulating characteristics on the upper floors. Indeed, the mezzanine walls can not be supported by the inner wall, having a non-supporting structure.
Dès lors, pour construire un bâtiment avec au moins un étage supérieur, il est nécessaire de faire reposer les parois d'entresols sur le mur extérieur porteur, créant un pont thermique préjudiciable. Therefore, to build a building with at least one upper floor, it is necessary to rest the mezzanine walls on the outer wall carrier, creating a detrimental thermal bridge.
En outre, augmenter la structure, en la rendant éventuellement porteuse, et donc l'épaisseur du mur intérieur, en particulier en améliorant son assise sur le déport rentrant du mur extérieur, diminue la séparation destinée au matériau isolant et dégrade d'autant l'isolation envisagée. In addition, increasing the structure, possibly making it a carrier, and therefore the thickness of the inner wall, in particular by improving its seating on the outer re-entrant of the outer wall, decreases the separation intended for the insulating material and degrades accordingly. insulation considered.
La présente invention a pour but de pallier les inconvénients de l'état de la technique, en proposant un dispositif de construction comprenant un mur intérieur, conformé en L, constitué d'un unique élément pourvu en partie inférieure d'une embase tournée vers l'extérieur et destiné à recevoir un mur extérieur. En somme, il a été imaginé d'inverser les murs intérieur et extérieur, afin de reporter vers l'intérieur la structure porteuse destinée à supporter et reprendre les contraintes verticales des parois d'entresols, ainsi que des structures porteuses des étages supérieurs . The present invention aims to overcome the drawbacks of the state of the art, by proposing a construction device comprising an inner wall, shaped L, consisting of a single element provided in the lower part of a base facing the outside and intended to receive an exterior wall. In sum, it has been imagined to invert the inner and outer walls, in order to carry inward the supporting structure intended to support and take up the vertical stresses of the mezzanine walls, as well as the supporting structures of the upper floors.
Pour ce faire, l'invention concerne un dispositif de construction, comprenant au moins un mur intérieur et au moins un mur extérieur, caractérisé par le fait que ledit mur intérieur est constitué d'un unique élément, conformé en L de manière à constituer une embase tournée vers l'extérieur, l'extrémité extérieure de ladite embase formant des moyens de réception supportant ledit mur extérieur. To do this, the invention relates to a construction device, comprising at least one inner wall and at least one outer wall, characterized in that said inner wall consists of a single element, shaped as L so as to constitute a base facing outward, the outer end of said base forming receiving means supporting said outer wall.
Selon une caractéristique additionnelle, non limitative, lesdits moyens de réception peuvent se présenter sous la forme d'un décroché ménagé creux dans l'épaisseur de ladite extrémité de l'embase et dimensionné de manière à recevoir au moins partiellement en emboîtement la partie inférieure dudit mur extérieur . According to an additional, nonlimiting characteristic, said receiving means may be in the form of a hollow recess hollow in the thickness of said end of the base and dimensioned so as to receive at least partially in engagement the lower part of said exterior wall .
Avantageusement, ledit mur intérieur peut comprendre au moins une ouverture traversante depuis sa face extérieure vers sa face intérieure en partie supérieure de ladite embase. Ainsi, le matériau isolant peut traverser cette ouverture et assurer une continuité avec l'isolât situé entre les murs intérieur et extérieur. Advantageously, said inner wall may comprise at least one through opening from its outer face to its inner face in the upper part of said base. Thus, the insulating material can pass through this opening and provide continuity with the isolate between the inner and outer walls.
De préférence, ledit mur intérieur peut comprendre au niveau de son extrémité supérieure et de sa face intérieure, au moins un logement de réception d'une paroi d'entresol. Dès lors, ladite paroi d'entresol repose à l'intérieur sur une structure porteuse constituée par le mur intérieur, sans jonction avec le mur extérieur, limitant d'autant les ponts thermiques. Ainsi, au niveau de l'entresol, lors du passage d'un étage à un autre, l'isolant est continu entre les murs extérieur et intérieur. Preferably, said inner wall may comprise at its upper end and its inner face, at least one receiving housing of a mestresol wall. Therefore, said mezzanine wall rests inside on a supporting structure formed by the inner wall, without junction with the outer wall, limiting all the thermal bridges. Thus, at the level of the mezzanine, when passing from one floor to another, the insulation is continuous between the outer and inner walls.
Ainsi, un tel dispositif permet d'augmenter le nombre d'étages du bâtiment, d'un seul étage en rez-de-chaussée jusqu'à plusieurs étages, notamment quatre voire cinq étages, tout en assurant une isolation améliorée en séparant les parois extérieures du bâtiment des parois intérieures . Thus, such a device increases the number of floors of the building, a single floor on the ground floor up to several floors, including four or five floors, while providing improved insulation by separating the walls exterior of the building of the inner walls.
De plus, ce dispositif de construction permet d'assurer une continuité de l'isolation, en particulier sous la toiture et les éventuelles terrasses du bâtiment ainsi réalisé. In addition, this construction device ensures a continuity of insulation, especially under the roof and the possible terraces of the building thus realized.
D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention ressortiront de la description détaillée qui va suivre des modes de réalisation non limitatifs de l'invention, en référence aux figures annexées, dans lesquelles : Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will emerge from the following detailed description of non-limiting embodiments of the invention, with reference to the appended figures, in which:
- la figure 1 représente schématiquement une vue selon une coupe verticale d'un dispositif de construction selon l'invention, mis en œuvre au sein d'un bâtiment à deux étages ; - Figure 1 shows schematically a view in a vertical section of a building device according to the invention, implemented in a building with two floors;
- la figure 2 représente schématiquement une vue en perspective d'un détail du dispositif selon un mode préférentiel de réalisation, montrant l'embase en L tournée vers l'extérieur et recevant supérieurement le mur extérieur ; et - Figure 2 shows schematically a perspective view of a detail of the device according to a preferred embodiment, showing the L-shaped base facing outwardly and receiving the outer wall superiorly; and
- la figure 3 représente schématiquement une vue de face d' un mode particulier de réalisation du mur intérieur dudit dispositif de construction, montrant les jonctions avec l'embase et l'espace destiné au passage du matériau isolant. - Figure 3 schematically shows a front view of a particular embodiment of the inner wall of said construction device, showing the junctions with the base and the space for the passage of the insulating material.
La présente invention concerne un dispositif 1 de construction. Un tel dispositif est destiné à constituer un élément mural formant la structure porteuse d'un bâtiment 2, tout en assurant son isolation. The present invention relates to a device 1 of construction. Such a device is intended to constitute a wall element forming the supporting structure of a building 2, while ensuring its insulation.
Selon l'exemple d'implantation représenté sur la figure 1, un tel dispositif 1 est mis en œuvre au sein d'un bâtiment 2 au niveau de son rez-de-chaussée 3, surmonté d'un premier étage 4, ce dernier étant recouvert d'une toiture 5. Selon d'autres modes d'implantation, un tel dispositif 1 peut équiper le rez- de-chaussée 3 d'un bâtiment 2 de plein pied, à deux, trois, quatre, voire cinq étages. En outre, un tel dispositif 1 peut aussi venir équiper un des étages supérieurs. On notera qu'entre deux étages, le bâtiment 2 comprend une paroi d'entresol 6, généralement constituée d'un dallage formant en face supérieure le sol de l'étage du dessus et en face inférieure le plafond de l'étage situé en-dessous. According to the implantation example shown in FIG. 1, such a device 1 is implemented in a building 2 at its ground floor 3, surmounted by a first floor 4, the latter being covered by a roof 5. According to other modes of implementation, such a device 1 can equip the ground floor 3 of a building 2 foot, two, three, four or five floors. In addition, such a device 1 can also come to equip one of the upper floors. It will be noted that between two floors, the building 2 comprises an entresol wall 6, generally consisting of a pavement forming on the upper face the floor of the floor above and on the lower face the ceiling of the floor located in below.
De plus, au niveau du rez-de-chaussée 3, un dallage 7 peut venir coopérer avec ledit dispositif 1, ce dernier pouvant être assujetti dans la continuité dudit dallage 7, voire supporté en face supérieur de ce dallage 7. In addition, at ground level 3, a floor 7 may cooperate with said device 1, the latter being able to be secured in the continuity of said floor 7, or supported on the upper face of this floor 7.
Selon une caractéristique essentielle de la présente invention, le dispositif de construction 1 comprend au moins un mur intérieur 8 et au moins un mur extérieur 9. Ces murs sont prévus distincts et espacés, en vue de recevoir un matériau isolant 10 au sein de l'espace formé par cette séparation. Cette réservation d'un espace assure donc l'isolation du bâtiment sur toute sa périphérie, à l'exception des huisseries équipant les ouvertures ménagées au travers desdits murs 8,9. According to an essential characteristic of the present invention, the construction device 1 comprises at least one inner wall 8 and at least one outer wall 9. These walls are provided separately and spaced, in order to receive an insulating material 10 within the space formed by this separation. This reservation of a space thus ensures the insulation of the building on all its periphery, with the exception of doorframes equipping the openings made through said walls 8,9.
Avantageusement, ledit mur intérieur 8 est constitué d'un unique élément, conformé en L de manière à constituer une embase 11 tournée vers l'extérieur. En d'autres termes, le mur intérieur 8 est constitué par un seul bloc, de forme globalement parallélépipédique rectangle, comme visible sur la figure 3, et dont l'extrémité inférieure présente une saillie s 'étendant vers l'extérieur du bâtiment 2, ladite saillie formant ladite embase 11. Advantageously, said inner wall 8 consists of a single element, shaped L to form a base 11 facing outwards. In other words, the inner wall 8 consists of a single block of generally rectangular parallelepiped shape, as shown in Figure 3, and whose lower end has a projection extending outwardly of the building 2, said projection forming said base 11.
Selon le mode préférentiel de réalisation, ce mur intérieur 8 est réalisé au sein d'un coffrage, à l'intérieur duquel est positionnée une armature métallique, avant d'y couler du béton . Ce mur intérieur 8 constitue ainsi une structure porteuse. According to the preferred embodiment, this inner wall 8 is formed within a formwork, inside which is positioned a metal frame, before pouring concrete. This inner wall 8 thus constitutes a load-bearing structure.
De plus, l'extrémité extérieure de ladite embase 11 forme des moyens 12 de réception supportant ledit mur extérieur 9. En d'autres termes, le mur extérieur 9 vient reposer sur la face supérieure de l'embase 11, espacé de la longueur de cette dernière par rapport au mur intérieur 8, réservant l'espacement en vue de recevoir le matériau isolant 10. In addition, the outer end of said base 11 forms receiving means 12 supporting said outer wall 9. in other words, the outer wall 9 comes to rest on the upper face of the base 11, spaced from the length of the latter relative to the inner wall 8, reserving the spacing to receive the insulating material 10.
Selon le mode préférentiel de réalisation, non limitatif, lesdits moyens de réception 12 se présentent sous la forme d'un décroché 13 ménagé creux dans l'épaisseur de ladite extrémité de l'embase 11 et dimensionné de manière à recevoir au moins partiellement en emboîtement la partie inférieure dudit mur extérieur 9. According to the preferred embodiment, not limiting, said receiving means 12 are in the form of a recess 13 formed hollow in the thickness of said end of the base 11 and dimensioned to receive at least partially interlocking the lower part of said outer wall 9.
Selon le mode de réalisation visible sur les figures, ledit décroché 13 présente une largeur équivalente à l'épaisseur du mur extérieur 9. De plus, le chant d'extrémité extérieur de l'embase 11 vient alors en affleurement avec la face extérieure dudit mur extérieur 9. According to the embodiment shown in the figures, said drop 13 has a width equivalent to the thickness of the outer wall 9. In addition, the outer end edge of the base 11 then comes flush with the outer face of said wall outside 9.
En outre, ce décroché 13 s'étend sur la totalité de la longueur de l'embase 11 et, de ce fait, dudit mur intérieur 8. In addition, this hook 13 extends over the entire length of the base 11 and, as a result, of said inner wall 8.
Selon un autre mode de réalisation, ledit décroché 13 peut constituer une encoche, formant une rainure sur toute la longueur de l'embase 11. En d'autres termes, l'extrémité extérieure de l'embase 11 dépasse vers l'extérieur, au-delà de la face extérieure dudit mur extérieur 9. Ce dernier vient alors s'emboîter totalement à l'intérieur d'une telle encoche. According to another embodiment, said stall 13 may constitute a notch, forming a groove along the entire length of the base 11. In other words, the outer end of the base 11 protrudes outwards, beyond the outer face of said outer wall 9. The latter then comes to fully fit inside such a notch.
Ainsi, le mur extérieur 9 est supporté par le mur intérieur 8 et n'est pas porteur, sa structure étant alors allégée. C'est le mur intérieur 8 qui est prévu porteur, recevant intérieurement une armature, notamment métallique, susceptible de reprendre intérieurement les efforts et les contraintes structurelles du bâtiment 2, en particulier des étages supérieurs. En somme, le mur extérieur 9 sert alors d'habillage audit bâtiment 2. On notera que des revêtements, notamment un habillage, peuvent être appliqués sur la face extérieure du mur extérieur 9, ainsi qu'en face intérieure du mur intérieur 8. Thus, the outer wall 9 is supported by the inner wall 8 and is not a carrier, its structure then being lightened. It is the inner wall 8 which is provided carrier, receiving internally a reinforcement, in particular metallic, likely to take internally the efforts and structural constraints of the building 2, especially the upper floors. In sum, the outer wall 9 then serves as a covering building 2. It will be noted that coatings, in particular a covering, can be applied to the outside face of the outer wall 9 and to the inner face of the inner wall 8.
Par ailleurs, selon une caractéristique additionnelle, afin d'améliorer l'isolation entre l'extérieur et l'intérieur du bâtiment 2, l'invention prévoit d'assurer la continuité de l'isolation située entre les murs intérieur 8 et extérieur 9 avec l'isolation du soubassement dudit bâtiment 2, à savoir avec l'isolation du dallage 7. Furthermore, according to an additional feature, in order to improve the insulation between the exterior and the interior of the building 2, the invention provides for the continuity of the insulation located between the inner 8 and outer 9 walls with the insulation of the base of said building 2, namely with the insulation of the floor 7.
Pour ce faire, ledit mur intérieur 8 comprend au moins une ouverture traversante 14 depuis sa face extérieure vers sa face intérieure en partie supérieure de ladite embase 11. De préférence, cette ouverture 14 se présente sous la forme d'une unique fente s' étendant d'un bout à l'autre sur la longueur dudit mur intérieur 8, en dehors des extrémités latérales au niveau desquelles l'embase 11 est jointive et solidaire de l'élément de paroi murale intérieure verticale. Cette jonction s'opère par une continuité du matériau constituant ledit dispositif 1, notamment du béton, ainsi que notamment l'armature intérieure qu'il enferme, à savoir une armature métallique . To do this, said inner wall 8 comprises at least one through opening 14 from its outer face to its inner face in the upper part of said base 11. Preferably, this opening 14 is in the form of a single slot extending from one end to the other along the length of said inner wall 8, outside the lateral ends at which the base 11 is contiguous and integral with the vertical inner wall wall element. This junction takes place by a continuity of the material constituting said device 1, in particular concrete, as well as in particular the internal frame that it encloses, namely a metal frame.
Ainsi, ladite ouverture 14 permet la réception d'un matériau isolant complémentaire 15, introduit à l'intérieur de ladite fente, assurant alors la continuité avec le matériau isolant 10, en face supérieure du dallage 7, au travers du mur intérieur 8. Dès lors, seules les deux parties assurant la jonction entre l'embase 11 et l'élément de paroi mural vertical constituent des liaisons susceptibles de transfert thermique depuis le dallage 7 et du mur extérieur 9, limitant d'autant les ponts thermiques préjudiciables à l'isolation globale du bâtiment 2. On notera que l'armature métallique dudit mur intérieur 8 peut passer intérieurement au niveau de ces jonctions, pour assurer la continuité avec l'embase 11, notamment avec une autre partie de l'armature métallique qui y est coulée. Thus, said opening 14 allows the reception of a complementary insulating material 15, introduced inside said slot, then ensuring continuity with the insulating material 10, in the upper face of the floor 7, through the interior wall 8. From when only the two parts connecting the base 11 and the vertical wall wall element constitute heat-transferable bonds from the pavement 7 and the outer wall 9, thereby limiting the thermal bridges detrimental to the overall insulation of the building 2. Note that the metal frame of said inner wall 8 can pass internally at these junctions, to ensure continuity with the base 11, in particular with another part of the metal frame which is cast.
Comme évoqué précédemment, c'est le mur intérieur 8 qui est porteur et reprend l'essentiel des contraintes structurelles du bâtiment 2, en particulier des étages supérieurs . As mentioned above, it is the inner wall 8 which is carrying and takes up most of the structural constraints of the building 2, especially the upper floors.
Pour ce faire, ledit mur intérieur 8 comprend au niveau de son extrémité supérieure et de sa face intérieure, au moins un logement 16 de réception d'une paroi d'entresol 6. Ce logement s'apparente notamment à un décroché vers l'intérieur du bâtiment 2, sur une partie de l'épaisseur du mur intérieur 8. L'extrémité de la dalle d'entresol 6 vient alors reposer au sein de ce logement 16. La hauteur de ce décroché est équivalente à l'épaisseur de la paroi d'entresol 6, de sortie que le chant supérieur du mur intérieur 8 vienne à affleurement avec la face supérieure de cette paroi d' entresol 6. To do this, said inner wall 8 comprises at its upper end and its inner face, at least one housing 16 for receiving a mestresol wall 6. This housing is similar to an inward stall in particular of the building 2, on a part of the thickness of the inner wall 8. The end of the mezzanine slab 6 then comes to rest within this housing 16. The height of this drop is equivalent to the thickness of the wall of mezzanine 6, that the upper edge of the inner wall 8 comes flush with the upper face of this mezzanine wall 6.
L'autre partie de l'épaisseur du mur intérieur 8 permet de recevoir en appui une partie du mur structurel supérieur 17. La paroi d' entresol 6 peut aussi recevoir en appui une partie dudit mur supérieur 17. De plus, cette paroi d'entresol 6 peut aussi recevoir des moyens 21 de fixation adaptés, notamment de scellement dudit mur supérieur 17. The other part of the thickness of the inner wall 8 makes it possible to receive in support a part of the upper structural wall 17. The mezzanine wall 6 can also receive in support a part of said upper wall 17. In addition, this wall of Mezzanine 6 may also receive suitable fixing means 21, in particular sealing said upper wall 17.
A ce titre, ce dernier est préfèrentiellement prévu porteur lui aussi, afin d'assurer la continuité de la reprise des efforts structurels par l'intérieur du bâtiment 2. A l'inverse, un mur supérieur extérieur 18 non structurel peut venir en appui supérieurement sur ledit mur extérieur 9. As such, the latter is preferably provided with a carrier, too, to ensure the continuity of the recovery of structural efforts by the interior of the building 2. In contrast, a non-structural exterior upper wall 18 can come to support superiorly on said outer wall 9.
De plus, directement au niveau de l'extrémité supérieur du mur intérieur 8, en remplacement du logement 16, ou bien au niveau de l'extrémité supérieur du mur intérieur supérieur 17, peut être ménagée une ouverture complémentaire 19, à la manière de l'ouverture 14 située en partie basse. Cette ouverture complémentaire 19, située en partie supérieure, notamment au niveau et sous la toiture 5, permet aussi le passage d'un matériau isolant supérieur 20, assurant la continuité de 1' isolation . In addition, directly at the upper end of the inner wall 8, replacing the housing 16, or at the level of the upper end of the upper inner wall 17 may be formed a complementary opening 19, in the manner of the opening 14 located in the lower part. This complementary opening 19, located in the upper part, particularly at the level and under the roof 5, also allows the passage of an upper insulating material 20, ensuring the continuity of 1 insulation.
Ainsi, le dispositif 1 de construction selon l'invention permet de constituer une continuité dans l'isolation du bâtiment 2, tout autour de ce dernier, entre le mur intérieur 8 et le mur extérieur 9, de façon reliée en recouvrement du dallage 7 et sous la toiture 5. Le bâtiment 2 se retrouve alors complètement entouré par l'isolation, en dehors de points minimaux de jonction et d'appui. Thus, the construction device 1 according to the invention makes it possible to constitute a continuity in the insulation of the building 2, all around the latter, between the inner wall 8 and the outer wall 9, connected in overlapping manner to the floor 7 and under the roof 5. Building 2 is then completely surrounded by insulation, apart from minimal junction and support points.
Par ailleurs, un tel dispositif 1 est simple à mettre en œuvre, à savoir qu'il suffit de positionner le mur intérieur 8, puis d'y faire reposer le mur extérieur 9. Ce dernier peut être maintenu par des entrefers en liaison entretoisée avec le mur intérieur 8. Avant ou après ce positionnement du mur extérieur 9, le matériau isolant 10 peut être réciproquement apposé ou injecté, notamment soufflé dans l'espace entre ces murs 8 et 9. Le matériau isolant complémentaire 15 peut lui aussi être positionné avant ou après montage du mur extérieur 9. Moreover, such a device 1 is simple to implement, namely that it is sufficient to position the inner wall 8, then to rest the outer wall 9. The latter can be maintained by air gaps in conjunction with the inner wall 8. Before or after this positioning of the outer wall 9, the insulating material 10 may be reciprocally affixed or injected, in particular blown into the space between these walls 8 and 9. The complementary insulating material 15 may also be positioned before or after mounting the outer wall 9.
Une fois cet étage réalisé, on couvre avec la paroi d'entresol 6, puis on pose et fixe le mur intérieur supérieur 17, puis le mur extérieur supérieur 18, avant ou après pose ou injection de l'isolant 10, et ainsi de suite. Once this stage is completed, it is covered with the mezzanine wall 6, then the upper interior wall 17 is placed and fixed, then the upper external wall 18, before or after the insulation 10 is applied or injected, and so on. .
Ainsi, l'invention permet la réalisation de bâtiments d'un à plusieurs étages, avec une isolation améliorée. Thus, the invention allows the realization of buildings of one to several floors, with improved insulation.
En outre, bien que l'invention a été décrite à propose d'une forme de réalisation particulière, elle n'y est nullement limitée. En particulier, l'invention couvre aussi un dispositif de construction dans lequel, même si la structure non porteuse de la paroi murale obtenue, à savoir le mur extérieur, peut être supprimée ou remplacée, notamment par un autre type de revêtement ou d'habillage extérieur, à partir du moment où ce revêtement ou habillage vient en appui sur l'embase 11, alors il s'apparentera au mur extérieur, tel que précédemment défini. In addition, although the invention has been described at of a particular embodiment, it is not limited thereto. In particular, the invention also covers a construction device in which, even if the non-supporting structure of the wall wall obtained, namely the outer wall, can be removed or replaced, in particular by another type of covering or covering outside, from the moment this coating or cladding comes to bear on the base 11, then it will be similar to the outer wall, as previously defined.
A titre d'exemple non limitatif, ce peut être le cas pour des bâtiments définis comme provisoires, au regard des réglementations urbaines et techniques en vigueur, des bâtiments dont la température normale d'utilisation est inférieure ou égale aux seuils desdites réglementations, les bâtiments destinés à être ouvert sur l'extérieur en fonctionnement normal. By way of non-limiting example, this may be the case for buildings defined as temporary, with regard to current urban and technical regulations, buildings whose normal temperature of use is less than or equal to the thresholds of said regulations, buildings intended to be open to the outside in normal operation.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1. Dispositif de construction (1), comprenant au moins un mur intérieur (8) et au moins un mur extérieur (9) , caractérisé par le fait que ledit mur intérieur (8) est constitué d'un unique élément, conformé en L de manière à constituer une embase (11) tournée vers l'extérieur, l'extrémité extérieure de ladite embase (11) formant des moyens de réception (12) supportant ledit mur extérieur (9) . 1. Construction device (1), comprising at least one inner wall (8) and at least one outer wall (9), characterized in that said inner wall (8) consists of a single element, shaped in L shape. so as to constitute a base (11) facing outwards, the outer end of said base (11) forming receiving means (12) supporting said outer wall (9).
2. Dispositif de construction (1) selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que lesdits moyens de réception (12) se présentent sous la forme d'un décroché (13) ménagé creux dans l'épaisseur de ladite extrémité de l'embase (11) et dimensionné de manière à recevoir au moins partiellement en emboîtement la partie inférieure dudit mur extérieur (9) . 2. Construction device (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that said receiving means (12) are in the form of a drop (13) formed hollow in the thickness of said end of the base (11) and dimensioned to receive at least partially interlocking the lower portion of said outer wall (9).
3. Dispositif de construction (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par le fait que ledit mur intérieur (8) comprend au moins une ouverture traversante (14) depuis sa face extérieure vers sa face intérieure en partie supérieure de ladite embase (11) . 3. Construction device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said inner wall (8) comprises at least one through opening (14) from its outer face to its inner face in the upper part of said base (11).
4. Dispositif de construction (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par le fait que ledit mur intérieur (8) comprend au niveau de son extrémité supérieure et de sa face intérieure, au moins un logement (16) de réception d'une paroi d'entresol (6). 4. Construction device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said inner wall (8) comprises at its upper end and its inner face, at least one receiving housing (16). a mezzanine wall (6).
EP13799339.0A 2013-09-27 2013-10-23 Device forming a wall construction element Pending EP3049585A1 (en)

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