EP4105403A1 - Modular system, method for manufacturing such a system and assembly comprising a plurality of modular systems - Google Patents

Modular system, method for manufacturing such a system and assembly comprising a plurality of modular systems Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4105403A1
EP4105403A1 EP22178972.0A EP22178972A EP4105403A1 EP 4105403 A1 EP4105403 A1 EP 4105403A1 EP 22178972 A EP22178972 A EP 22178972A EP 4105403 A1 EP4105403 A1 EP 4105403A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
support
concrete
wall
slab
posts
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP22178972.0A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Lionel Morenval
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Muance
Original Assignee
Muance
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Publication date
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Publication of EP4105403A1 publication Critical patent/EP4105403A1/en
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/348—Structures composed of units comprising at least considerable parts of two sides of a room, e.g. box-like or cell-like units closed or in skeleton form
    • E04B1/34815—Elements not integrated in a skeleton
    • E04B1/3483—Elements not integrated in a skeleton the supporting structure consisting of metal
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/02—Structures consisting primarily of load-supporting, block-shaped, or slab-shaped elements
    • E04B1/14—Structures consisting primarily of load-supporting, block-shaped, or slab-shaped elements the elements being composed of two or more materials
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/343—Structures characterised by movable, separable, or collapsible parts, e.g. for transport
    • E04B1/34315—Structures characterised by movable, separable, or collapsible parts, e.g. for transport characterised by separable parts
    • E04B1/34321—Structures characterised by movable, separable, or collapsible parts, e.g. for transport characterised by separable parts mainly constituted by panels
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/348—Structures composed of units comprising at least considerable parts of two sides of a room, e.g. box-like or cell-like units closed or in skeleton form
    • E04B1/34815—Elements not integrated in a skeleton
    • E04B1/34853—Elements not integrated in a skeleton the supporting structure being composed of two or more materials
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/84—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ
    • E04B2/842—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ by projecting or otherwise applying hardenable masses to the exterior of a form leaf
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/04—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of concrete or other stone-like material; of asbestos cement; of cement and other mineral fibres
    • E04C2/044—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of concrete or other stone-like material; of asbestos cement; of cement and other mineral fibres of concrete
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/24—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of metal
    • E04B2001/2466—Details of the elongated load-supporting parts
    • E04B2001/2478—Profile filled with concrete
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/24—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of metal
    • E04B2001/2481—Details of wall panels
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/24—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of metal
    • E04B2001/2484—Details of floor panels or slabs
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/24—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of metal
    • E04B2001/2496—Shear bracing therefor
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/04—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of concrete or other stone-like material; of asbestos cement; of cement and other mineral fibres
    • E04C2/049—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of concrete or other stone-like material; of asbestos cement; of cement and other mineral fibres completely or partially of insulating material, e.g. cellular concrete or foamed plaster
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/26—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups
    • E04C2/284—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups at least one of the materials being insulating
    • E04C2/288—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups at least one of the materials being insulating composed of insulating material and concrete, stone or stone-like material
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/30—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure
    • E04C2/38—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure with attached ribs, flanges, or the like, e.g. framed panels
    • E04C2/384—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure with attached ribs, flanges, or the like, e.g. framed panels with a metal frame

Definitions

  • the invention falls within the field of construction, and relates more particularly to prefabricated and transportable modular systems.
  • the invention also relates to a method of manufacturing such modular systems together.
  • prefabricated modules are well known, the latter being generally designed to carry out temporary constructions, such as offices or changing rooms installed near construction sites.
  • These prefabricated modules are made of lightweight metal or composite panels.
  • modules for example made of concrete.
  • these modules relate to very simple and not very versatile constructions, for example garages, and are made to be assembled on site, which requires time and a substantial workforce.
  • these modules include a significant amount of material. They are therefore very heavy and untransportable.
  • the object of the invention is to propose a modular system of construction that is light and easy to transport, durable and serves as a basis for all types of constructions.
  • the invention relates to a modular system 1 extending along a longitudinal axis X and provided for any type of permanent construction, in particular residential or office buildings.
  • the modular system 1 comprises a support slab 2, preferably of quadrilateral shape, made of concrete, for example a class C45/55 concrete, that is to say a so-called high-performance concrete capable of withstanding the compressive forces exerted in buildings.
  • the support slab 2 is made in one piece and comprises a frame 13 formed of prestressed longitudinal stringers 14 and transverse stringers 15 of reinforced concrete.
  • the reinforced concrete support slab 2 also comprises a floor 16 surrounded by the frame 13, which floor 16 comprises a plurality of transverse ribs 17 which reinforce the structure of said floor 16 of the support slab 2.
  • the stringers 14, 15 and the ribs 17 thus make it possible to limit the thickness of the floor 16, that is to say to limit the weight of the slab 2 and the amount of concrete used to manufacture it.
  • the support slab 2 may include through openings 19 made through the longitudinal stringers 14, to allow for example the passage of wiring or drainage pipes.
  • the frame comprises a perimeter groove 41 forming a perimeter shoulder whose function will be specified later.
  • the dimensions of the support slab 2 are, for example and without limitation, 5.70 meters long by 2.85 meters wide by 25 centimeters thick, for an area of just over 16, 2 m 2 .
  • the length of the support slab 2 is twice its width.
  • the longitudinal sills 14 have a width of 15 cm, the ribs 17 a thickness of 5 cm and a width of 7 cm, the distance in the longitudinal direction X between two ribs 17 being 50 cm.
  • the floor 16 has a thickness of 5 cm.
  • the modular system 1 also comprises a plurality of posts 3a - 3c advantageously made of reinforced concrete, which posts 3a - 3c each extend between a first so-called lower end fixed to the support slab 2 and a second so-called upper end removably fixed to a reinforcement structure 24 which will be described later, for example using removable fastening means.
  • each post 3a - 3c is formed from a hollow metal tube 6 with a quadrilateral section in which concrete can be poured.
  • the first end of each post 3a - 3c is sealed in the support slab 2.
  • the first end of each post 3a - 3c is also removably fixed to the support slab 2.
  • Each post 3a - 3c comprises a shoe 11 secured to the wall of said post, at the level of the upper end part of said post 3a - 3c.
  • each post 3a - 3c comprises two shoes 11, 12 secured to the wall of said post 3a - 3c or of the tube 6 of the post 3a - 3c, at the two respective end portions of said post.
  • Each shoe 11, 12 comprises a metal part 33, 36 for connecting to the post 3a - 3c, for example in the shape of a cross, and a plate 34, 37 of quadrilateral shape secured to the metal connecting part 33, 36 to the post 3a - 3c, which plate 34, 37 extends parallel to and opposite the support slab 2.
  • each post 3a - 3c comprises a single high shoe 11 whose quadrilateral plate 34 and part of the metal connecting part 33 secured to said plate 34 protrude from the considered end of the post 3, and whose function will be described. below.
  • the modular system 1 comprises at least four support posts 3a - 3c arranged at the level of the four corners 4 of the support slab 2.
  • the modular system 1 may comprise one or more facade or separation panels 5 between the modular systems 1 assembled together on the same level.
  • the method of assembling the modular systems 1 will be specified later in the description.
  • Each panel 5 secured to the modular system 1 is quadrilateral in shape and extends in a plane perpendicular to the support slab 2.
  • Each panel 5 thus comprises two opposite side edges 20 extending parallel to the support slab 2, and two opposite side edges 21 extending perpendicularly to said support slab 2.
  • the perpendicular side edges 21 will be referred to in the following description as support side edges 21.
  • Each panel 5 comprises a first so-called outer wall 7 made of fiber-reinforced or reinforced high-performance concrete.
  • This outer wall 7 has a thickness of the order of 3 cm and in fact contributes to the lightness of the panel 5.
  • Each panel 5 also comprises a so-called internal wall 8 made of lightweight concrete with a density of between 800 kg/m 3 and 1300 kg/m 3 , preferably between 800 kg/m 3 and 1100 kg/m 3 , and which has a compressive strength between 12 and 20 MPa. More preferably, the lightweight concrete has a density of the order of 1000 kg/m 3 and a compressive strength of the order of 16 MPa.
  • the two respectively inner 8 and outer 7 walls are held facing each other and at a distance by a plurality of connectors 9. These connectors 9 avoid the contact between the internal 8 and external 7 walls and in fact eliminate the thermal bridges.
  • the panel 5 comprises an insulating material 10 arranged between the two internal 8 and external 7 walls, the thickness of which corresponds to the distance separating the two walls 7, 8 of the panel 5 and is for example of the order of 15 to 18cm.
  • the panel 5 comprises a shoulder 22 formed by the first end of the two support posts 3a, 3b and the side edge considered 20 parallel to the support slab 2, which shoulder 22 rests on the transverse or longitudinal sill considered 14, 15 of the support slab 2. Furthermore, the height of the outer wall 7 of the panel 5 is such that said outer wall 7 completely covers the outer surface of the sill in question 14, 15 of the support slab 2. In other words , the distance separating the shoulder 22 from the lower parallel edge 20 of the panel 5 is equal to the thickness of the frame 13 of the support slab 2.
  • the shape and position of the support post 3a - 3c varies depending on the final conformation of the modular system 1.
  • the support post 3a has a square-shaped section.
  • the modular system 1 comprises for example only the support slab 2, the reinforcement slab and the four support posts 3a of square section.
  • This variant of post 3a can also be integrated into a panel 5.
  • the connection between the two panels 5 extending in the same plane and integral with the two support slabs 2 of the adjacent modular systems 1 is at least partly carried out by means of the support posts 3a in contact support.
  • the thickness of this post 3a in the first variant is greater than the thickness of the internal wall 8 of the panel 5, which post 3a is therefore partly housed in the insulating material 10.
  • the stringers 14, 15 bearing in contact with the two adjacent support slabs 2 are secured together, for example by means of devices screwed through said stringers 14, 15.
  • connection between two modular systems 1 not comprising panels 5, but only support posts 3a is made in the same way, that is to say by joining the stringers 14, 15 in contact support .
  • the support post 3b has a rectangular shape in section to allow the corner connection of two adjacent panels 5 and extending in planes perpendicular to each other.
  • the support post 3b is also an integral part of the panel 5.
  • the thickness of the post 3b along the length of its cross section is greater than the thickness of the internal wall 8 of the panel.
  • Two posts 3b respectively integrated into the two panels 5 connected at the corner bear in contact at one of their edges, and a single top shoe 11 is connected to the end portions considered as two posts 3b.
  • concrete 40 is poured into the space delimited by the posts 3 and the panels 5.
  • each post 3c with a square section is integrated into two adjacent panels 5 extending in the same plane on the same support slab 2, as represented on the figure 2 .
  • the two posts 3c of the two adjacent panels 5 are therefore in contact support.
  • the thickness of the post 3c in the third variant is equal to the thickness of the internal wall 8 of the panel 5, which post 3c is therefore resting against the insulating material 10.
  • the modular system 1 also has a reinforcement structure 24 arranged opposite the support slab 2.
  • This reinforcement structure 24 is made of a material that is both light and resistant, and preferably of a metallic material such as steel. , or any other material whose rigidity allows the maintenance of the structural integrity of the modular system 1.
  • the reinforcement structure 24 comprises a reinforcement part 25 formed of a frame 26 of quadrilateral shape, the corners of which rest at least partly on the free ends of the posts 3a - 3c and/or on the upper edge of the panels 5 of the modular system. 1.
  • a part of the metal connecting part 33 of the top shoe 11 protruding from the considered end of said post 3a - 3c bears in contact against the internal face of the frame 26 ( figure 7 ). In this way, the reproducible positioning of the frame 26 on the posts 3a - 3c is facilitated.
  • the reinforcing part 25 of the reinforcing structure 24 also comprises reinforcing elements 31 secured to the frame 26 to stiffen it. As seen on the picture 3 , these reinforcement elements 31 comprise bars extending transversely or inclined with respect to the longitudinal axis X.
  • the reinforcing structure 24 also comprises a fixing part 27 formed of fixing plates 32 integral with the frame 26 at least at the level of the corners of the said frame 26, and extending parallel to the support slab 2 and to the frame 26 of the part superior 24.
  • the fixing plates of the reinforcing structure 24 bear in contact against the quadrilateral plates 34 of the upper shoes 11. Furthermore, the fixing plates 32 of the reinforcing structure 24 and the quadrilateral plates 34 of the upper shoes 11 comprise through holes 35 facing each other which allow the fixing by bolting of lifting hooks 18 for lifting and moving the modular system 1.
  • the modular system 1 comprises a support frame 28 for a false ceiling, for example made of wood, and whose dimensions are smaller than the support slab 2 so that the wooden frame 28 is inserted between the posts 3a - 3c of the modular system 1.
  • This wooden frame comprises a plurality of crosspieces 29 stiffening said frame 28 and is secured to the tubes 6 of the posts 3a - 3c, for example by screwing, and allows on the one hand to maintain the panels 5 in position perpendicular to the support slab 2 and secondly to support the thermal insulation elements of the false ceiling (not shown).
  • concrete is poured either onto a metal reinforcement to obtain reinforced concrete, or onto other types of structural elements in order to obtain high-performance fiber-reinforced concrete.
  • An end part of a plurality of connectors 9 is then embedded in the wet concrete.
  • the outer wall 7 of the panel 5 is formed, and the connectors 9, the end part of which is set in the concrete, protrude from the inner face of the outer wall 7.
  • a thermally insulating material 10 is then placed on the inner surface of the outer wall 7. It is for example hemp or wood wool. The opposite free end parts of the connectors 9 protrude from the surface of said insulating material 10.
  • the thermally insulating material 10 is deposited on the still wet concrete of the external wall 7, if necessary concomitantly with the installation of the connectors 9.
  • Two support posts 3a - 3c made beforehand are then arranged, at two opposite end parts of the outer slab 7, on or in the insulating material 10 depending on the variant of post used.
  • the posts 3a - 3c are cast at the same time as the outer wall 7.
  • the panel 5 is thus ready to be installed on a support slab 2, by securing the first free ends of the posts 3a - 3c to the respective corners 4 of the support slab 2.
  • the lower end parts of the posts 3a - 3c are either sealed in the support slab 2 or, if the posts include bottom shoes 12, the quadrilateral plates 37 of said bottom shoes 12, which include through holes 38, will be bolted into the support slab 2.
  • the reinforced concrete support slab 2 is first poured. According to a first variant, the slab 2 is cast in a single phase in a mold to form the frame 13 and the ribbed floor 16. According to a second variant, the two prestressed longitudinal stringers 14 are first manufactured, then integrated into the mold and the rest of the slab 2 is cast to form the frame 13 and the ribbed floor 16.
  • At least four support posts 3a - 3c are made as described above.
  • the shape of the posts 3a - 3c and their connection or not to the panels 5 depends on the modular system 1 desired. For example, only posts 3a can be made if no facade panel 5 is provided in the modular system 1, or posts 3a - 3c designed to be integrated into the panels 5.
  • the lower ends of the posts 3a - 3c are sealed into the support slab.
  • the posts include bottom shoes 12, said bottom shoes 12 are secured to the support slab 2.
  • the metal reinforcement structure 24 is installed: the frame 26 is placed on the posts 3a - 3c and the fixing plates 32 of the reinforcement structure 24 are secured to the upper shoes 11 to stiffen the structure of the modular system 1 and allow it to be transported to the assembly site.
  • a first modular system 1 is positioned at a determined location, in particular on a foundation slab of a building under construction.
  • This first modular system 1 can also be assembled with other modular systems 1 on the same level, by joining together the stringers 14, 15 of two adjacent support slabs 2, as described above.
  • this first modular system 1 is arranged on a first level of the assembly.
  • the frame 26 of the reinforcement structure 24 is detached from the second free ends of the support posts 3a - 3c of said modular system 1.
  • a second modular system 1 is arranged on the first modular system 1.
  • the support slab 2 of the second modular system 1 is arranged on the second free ends of the posts 3a - 3c of the first modular system 1, then the latter is secured to said posts 3a - 3c. More specifically, the projecting part of the top shoe 11 of each post 3a - 3c is housed in the space 23 made in the support slab 2 of the second modular system 1 by the perimeter shoulder 41. This support slab 2 is then removably secured to the quadrilateral plates 34 of the high shoes 11 of the first modular system 1.
  • the wooden frame 28 supporting the false ceiling of the first modular system 1 is secured to the support slab 2 of the second modular system 1 via connectors 39.
  • this second modular system 1 extends along a second level of assembly. If necessary, the panels 5 of the first modular system 1 are secured to the stringers 14, 15 of the support slab 2 of the second modular system 1.
  • the reinforcement structure 24 is recovered to be reused in anticipation of the manufacture of a new modular system 1.
  • this second modular system 1 can also be joined to other modular systems 1 of the same level by joining the stringers 14, 15 of two adjacent support slabs 2 ( figure 8 ). These other modular systems 1 of the second assembly level are therefore themselves arranged on support posts 3a - 3c of modular systems 1 of the first assembly level.
  • All the modular systems 1 of the Nth level also comprise a second concrete slab 2 secured to the second ends of the support posts 3a - 3c to form the ceiling of said modular systems 1 of level N.
  • the support slab 2 of a modular system 1 of level k forms the ceiling of a modular system 1 of level k-1.
  • each post 3a, 3c disposed in a corner 4 of the support slab 2 of a modular system 1 of level k is aligned with the posts 3a, 3c of the considered corner 4 of the support slabs 2 of the modular systems 1 of lower levels, so that the forces exerted by the N levels of modular systems 1 are transmitted via the posts 3a, 3c to the foundations of the building.
  • the invention allows, thanks to the simplicity of design and the ease of transport on site of the modular systems 1, the construction of buildings by stacking the modular systems 1 by successive level and by linking them modular systems 1 of a same level.
  • the assembly formed by the posts 3a - 3c, the high shoes 11 and, where appropriate, the low shoes 12 secured to the support slabs 2 ensures easy handling of the modular systems 1.
  • the modular system 1 at level k contributes to improving the rigidity of the modular system 1 of level k-1, so that the stacking of the modular systems 1 contributes overall to the overall rigidity of the column of stacked systems 1.
  • the high shoes 11 of a system modular 1 of level k-1 being secured in a removable manner to the support slab 2 of a modular system of level k, a stack of modular systems 1 remains removable, which facilitates any subsequent deconstruction.
  • a building constructed with such modular systems 1 can include apartments whose rooms do not all have the same surface area.
  • the minimum area of a room is the area of the support slab 2 if the modular system considered 1 comprises four panels 5 as shown in the figure 2 .
  • a whole level of modular systems 1 assembled together by their adjacent stringers 14, 15 may have no interior partition and constitute a huge open space.

Abstract

L'invention porte principalement sur un système modulaire (1) de construction transportable (1) s'étendant selon un axe longitudinal et comprenant :• une dalle plane de support (2) en béton,• une structure de renforcement (24) disposée en vis-à-vis de la dalle de support (2), et• au moins quatre poteaux de soutien (3a - 3c) s'étendant chacun depuis une première extrémité solidarisée à la dalle de support (2) jusqu'à une seconde extrémité fixée de manière amovible à la structure de renforcement (24), les poteaux de soutien (3a - 3c) s'étendant en outre dans au moins deux plans sécants.The invention relates mainly to a modular system (1) of transportable construction (1) extending along a longitudinal axis and comprising:• a flat concrete support slab (2),• a reinforcing structure (24) arranged in vis-à-vis the support slab (2), and• at least four support posts (3a - 3c) each extending from a first end secured to the support slab (2) to a second end removably attached to the reinforcing structure (24), the support posts (3a - 3c) further extending in at least two intersecting planes.

Description

L'invention s'inscrit dans le domaine de la construction, et porte plus particulièrement sur les systèmes modulaires préfabriqués et transportables.The invention falls within the field of construction, and relates more particularly to prefabricated and transportable modular systems.

L'invention porte également sur un procédé de fabrication de tels systèmes modulaires entre eux.The invention also relates to a method of manufacturing such modular systems together.

Dans le domaine de la construction et du bâtiment, il est bien connu des modules préfabriqués, ces derniers étant généralement conçus pour réaliser des constructions temporaires, comme des bureaux ou des vestiaires installés près des chantiers. Ces modules préfabriqués sont constitués de panneaux métalliques ou composite légers.In the field of construction and building, prefabricated modules are well known, the latter being generally designed to carry out temporary constructions, such as offices or changing rooms installed near construction sites. These prefabricated modules are made of lightweight metal or composite panels.

Néanmoins, ces modules préfabriqués métalliques ne sont pas durables et sont peu confortables. Ils ne répondent pas non plus aux exigences d'isolation thermiques.However, these prefabricated metal modules are not durable and are not very comfortable. They also do not meet thermal insulation requirements.

Il est également connu des modules préfabriqués plus durables, par exemple réalisés en béton. Cependant, ces modules concernent des constructions très simples et peu versatiles, par exemple des garages, et sont faits pour être assemblés sur chantier, ce qui demande du temps et une main d'œuvre conséquente. En outre, pour assurer leur intégrité structurelle, ces modules comprennent une importante quantité de matière. Ils sont donc très lourds et intransportables.It is also known more durable prefabricated modules, for example made of concrete. However, these modules relate to very simple and not very versatile constructions, for example garages, and are made to be assembled on site, which requires time and a substantial workforce. In addition, to ensure their structural integrity, these modules include a significant amount of material. They are therefore very heavy and untransportable.

Pour pallier les différents inconvénients évoqués plus haut, l'invention a pour objet de proposer un système modulaire de construction léger et facile à transporter, durable et servant de base à tout type de constructions.To overcome the various disadvantages mentioned above, the object of the invention is to propose a modular system of construction that is light and easy to transport, durable and serves as a basis for all types of constructions.

À cet effet, l'invention vise un système modulaire de construction transportable s'étendant selon un axe longitudinal et comprenant :

  • une dalle plane de support en béton,
  • une structure de renforcement disposée en vis-à-vis de la dalle de support, et
  • au moins quatre poteaux de soutien s'étendant chacun depuis une première extrémité solidarisée à la dalle de support jusqu'à une seconde extrémité fixée de manière amovible à la structure de renforcement, les poteaux de soutien s'étendant en outre dans au moins deux plans sécants,
chaque poteau comprenant un sabot solidarisé au niveau de la partie d'extrémité dudit poteau en regard de la structure de renforcement, lequel sabot comprend une plaque plane s'étendant perpendiculairement au poteau en vis-à-vis de la dalle de support, laquelle plaque plane est solidarisée de manière amovible à la structure de renforcement.To this end, the invention relates to a modular system of transportable construction extending along a longitudinal axis and comprising:
  • a flat concrete support slab,
  • a reinforcement structure arranged opposite the support slab, and
  • at least four support posts each extending from a first end secured to the support slab to a second end removably attached to the reinforcing structure, the support posts further extending in at least two intersecting planes,
each post comprising a shoe secured at the level of the end part of the said post facing the reinforcing structure, which shoe comprises a flat plate extending perpendicularly to the post opposite the support slab, which plate plane is removably attached to the reinforcing structure.

Le système modulaire peut également comporter les caractéristiques optionnelles suivantes considérées isolément ou selon toutes les combinaisons techniques possibles :

  • La structure de renforcement est réalisée en matériau métallique et comprend un cadre solidarisé de manière amovible aux secondes extrémités des poteaux de soutien.
  • La structure de renfort est réalisée en matériau métallique.
  • Chaque poteau comprend un tube en matériau métallique rempli ou non de béton.
  • Chaque poteau est réalisé en béton armé.
  • Chaque poteau comprend deux sabots solidarisés à la paroi dudit poteau au niveau de ses parties d'extrémités respectives, chaque sabot comprenant une plaque plane s'étendant perpendiculairement au poteau en vis-à-vis de la dalle de support.
  • Le système modulaire comprend au moins un panneau s'étendant dans un plan perpendiculaire à la dalle de support, lequel panneau comprend deux bords latéraux opposés perpendiculaires à la dalle de support et respectivement solidarisés à deux poteaux de soutien s'étendant dans un plan longitudinal ou dans un plan transversal.
  • Le système modulaire comprend deux panneaux adjacents s'étendant dans un même plan ou dans deux plans perpendiculaires, lesquels panneaux sont solidarisés entre eux par deux poteaux de soutien adjacents.
  • Le panneau comprend une paroi externe en béton armé ou fibré, une paroi interne en béton dit léger présentant une densité inférieure ou égale à 800 kg/m3, et un matériau thermiquement isolant disposé entre les deux parois, lesquelles parois sont solidarisées entre elle par l'intermédiaire de connecteurs.
  • La dalle de support comprend des longrines formant un cadre de la dalle et une pluralité de nervures de renfort transversales.
The modular system can also include the following optional features considered separately or in all possible technical combinations:
  • The reinforcement structure is made of metallic material and comprises a frame secured in a removable manner to the second ends of the support posts.
  • The reinforcing structure is made of metallic material.
  • Each post comprises a tube of metallic material filled or not with concrete.
  • Each post is made of reinforced concrete.
  • Each post comprises two shoes secured to the wall of said post at its respective end portions, each shoe comprising a flat plate extending perpendicular to the post vis-à-vis the support slab.
  • The modular system comprises at least one panel extending in a plane perpendicular to the support slab, which panel comprises two opposite side edges perpendicular to the support slab and respectively secured to two support posts extending in a longitudinal plane or in a transverse plane.
  • The modular system comprises two adjacent panels extending in the same plane or in two perpendicular planes, which panels are secured together by two adjacent support posts.
  • The panel comprises an outer wall of reinforced or fiber-reinforced concrete, an inner wall of so-called lightweight concrete having a density less than or equal to 800 kg/m 3 , and a thermally insulating material placed between the two walls, which walls are secured together by through connectors.
  • The support slab comprises stringers forming a frame of the slab and a plurality of transverse reinforcing ribs.

L'invention vise également un procédé de fabrication d'un système modulaire comprenant les étapes successives de :

  • Coulage d'une dalle plane de support en béton,
  • Réalisation d'au moins quatre poteaux de soutien ;
  • Solidarisation d'une première extrémité de chaque poteau à la dalle de béton de support, les poteaux de soutien s'étendant dans au moins deux plans sécants, et
  • Fixation amovible d'une structure de renforcement à des secondes extrémités opposées des poteaux de soutien.
The invention also relates to a method of manufacturing a modular system comprising the successive steps of:
  • Pouring a flat concrete support slab,
  • Construction of at least four support posts;
  • Fastening of a first end of each post to the concrete support slab, the support posts extending in at least two secant planes, and
  • Detachably attaching a reinforcing structure to opposite second ends of the support posts.

Le procédé de fabrication du système modulaire peut également comporter les caractéristiques optionnelles suivantes considérées isolément ou selon toutes les combinaisons techniques possibles :

  • Chaque poteau de soutien est réalisé par coulage de béton dans un moule.
  • Chaque poteau de soutien est réalisé par coulage de béton dans un tube formant paroi périphérique dudit poteau.
  • L'étape de réalisation de chaque panneau comporte les sous étapes successives de :
    • Coulage de béton sur une structure de renfort pour former une paroi dite externe en béton armé ou fibré,
    • Insertion d'une partie d'extrémité d'au moins un connecteur dans le béton encore humide de la paroi externe,
    • Une fois la paroi externe sèche, disposition d'un matériau isolant thermique sur ladite paroi externe, l'épaisseur du matériau isolant étant inférieur à la longueur de la portion de connecteur faisant saillie de la paroi externe,
    • Disposition de deux poteaux de soutien préalablement réalisés sur le matériau isolant au niveau de deux parties d'extrémité opposées de la paroi externe,
    • Coulage de béton dit léger d'une densité inférieure ou égale à 1100 kg/m3 sur la surface du matériau isolant thermique et sur la partie d'extrémité opposée du connecteur pour former une paroi en béton dite interne au contact des poteaux et emprisonnant la partie d'extrémité libre opposée du connecteur, et
    • Séchage du béton de la paroi interne, solidarisée aux poteaux respectifs et à la paroi externe.
  • L'étape d'insertion d'une partie d'extrémité d'au moins un connecteur (9) dans le béton encore humide et l'étape de disposition d'un matériau isolant thermique (10) sur ladite paroi externe (7) sont concomitantes, le matériau isolant thermique (10) étant déposé sur le béton encore humide de ladite paroi externe.
The manufacturing process of the modular system can also include the following optional characteristics considered separately or according to all possible technical combinations:
  • Each support post is made by pouring concrete into a mould.
  • Each support post is made by pouring concrete into a tube forming the peripheral wall of said post.
  • The production stage of each panel includes the successive sub-stages of:
    • Pouring of concrete on a reinforcement structure to form a so-called external wall in reinforced or fiber-reinforced concrete,
    • Insertion of an end part of at least one connector into the still wet concrete of the external wall,
    • Once the outer wall is dry, placing a thermally insulating material on said outer wall, the thickness of the insulating material being less than the length of the connector portion projecting from the outer wall,
    • Arrangement of two support posts previously made on the insulating material at two opposite end parts of the outer wall,
    • Pouring of so-called lightweight concrete with a density less than or equal to 1100 kg/m 3 on the surface of the heat-insulating material and on the opposite end part of the connector to form a concrete wall called internal in contact with the posts and trapping the opposite free end part of the connector, and
    • Drying of the concrete of the internal wall, secured to the respective posts and to the external wall.
  • The step of inserting an end part of at least one connector (9) into the still wet concrete and the step of placing a heat insulating material (10) on said external wall (7) are concomitants, the thermal insulating material (10) being deposited on the still wet concrete of said outer wall.

L'invention vise enfin un procédé d'assemblage par superposition d'une pluralité de systèmes modulaires de construction transportable s'étendant selon un axe longitudinal et comprenant une dalle plane de support en béton, une structure supérieure de renforcement disposée en vis-à-vis de la dalle de support, et au moins quatre poteaux de soutien s'étendant chacun depuis une première extrémité solidarisée à la dalle de support jusqu'à une seconde extrémité fixée de manière amovible à la structure de renforcement, les poteaux de soutien s'étendant en outre dans au moins deux plans sécants, le procédé comprenant les étapes successives de :

  • Positionnement d'un premier système modulaire à l'endroit désiré,
  • Désolidarisation entre la structure de renforcement et les poteaux de soutien et suppression de ladite structure de renforcement,
  • Positionnement d'un deuxième système modulaire sur le premier système modulaire et solidarisation de la dalle de support du deuxième système modulaire aux secondes extrémités des poteaux de soutien du premier système modulaire, et
  • des deux étapes précédentes pour tous les systèmes modulaires à superposer les uns sur les autres.
The invention finally relates to a method of assembling by superposition of a plurality of modular systems of transportable construction extending along a longitudinal axis and comprising a flat concrete support slab, an upper reinforcement structure arranged opposite screws of the support slab, and at least four support posts each extending from a first end secured to the support slab to a second end removably fixed to the reinforcing structure, the support posts further extending in at least two secant planes, the method comprising the successive steps of:
  • Positioning of a first modular system at the desired location,
  • Separation between the reinforcement structure and the support posts and removal of said reinforcement structure,
  • Positioning of a second modular system on the first modular system and securing the support slab of the second modular system to the second ends of the support posts of the first modular system, and
  • of the two previous steps for all modular systems to be stacked on top of each other.

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention ressortiront clairement de la description qui en est donnée ci-dessous, à titre indicatif et nullement limitatif, en référence aux figures annexées :

  • la figure 1 représente une vue éclatée en perspective d'une partie du système modulaire ;
  • la figure 2 représente une vue de dessus d'une partie du système modulaire de l'invention ;
  • La figure 3 représente une vie de dessus du système modulaire de l'invention ;
  • la figure 4 représente une vue en perspective de la dalle de support du système modulaire ;
  • la figure 5 représente une vue en coupe longitudinale de la dalle de support ;
  • la figure 6 représente une vue en perspective d'un poteau de soutien ;
  • la figure 7 représente un détail d'une vue en coupe selon la ligne VII-VII de la figure 2 ;
  • La figure 8 représente une vue de face illustrant une partie de quatre systèmes modulaires selon l'invention assemblés entre eux.
Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will emerge clearly from the description given below, by way of indication and in no way limiting, with reference to the appended figures:
  • the figure 1 shows an exploded perspective view of part of the modular system;
  • the figure 2 shows a top view of part of the modular system of the invention;
  • The picture 3 shows a life from above of the modular system of the invention;
  • the figure 4 shows a perspective view of the support slab of the modular system;
  • the figure 5 shows a longitudinal sectional view of the support slab;
  • the figure 6 depicts a perspective view of a support post;
  • the figure 7 represents a detail of a sectional view along line VII-VII of the figure 2 ;
  • The figure 8 represents a front view illustrating part of four modular systems according to the invention assembled together.

Il est tout d'abord précisé que sur les figures, les mêmes références désignent les mêmes éléments quelle que soit la figure sur laquelle elles apparaissent et quelle que soit la forme de représentation de ces éléments. De même, si des éléments ne sont pas spécifiquement référencés sur l'une des figures, leurs références peuvent être aisément retrouvées en se reportant à une autre figure.It is first of all specified that in the figures, the same references designate the same elements regardless of the figure in which they appear and regardless of the form of representation of these elements. Similarly, if elements are not specifically referenced in one of the figures, their references can easily be found by referring to another figure.

Il est également précisé que les figures représentent essentiellement un mode de réalisation de l'objet de l'invention mais qu'il peut exister d'autres modes de réalisation qui répondent à la définition de l'invention.It is also specified that the figures essentially represent one embodiment of the subject of the invention but that there may be other embodiments which correspond to the definition of the invention.

L'invention concerne un système modulaire 1 s'étendant selon un axe longitudinal X et prévu pour tout type de construction pérenne, en particulier les immeubles d'habitations ou de bureaux.The invention relates to a modular system 1 extending along a longitudinal axis X and provided for any type of permanent construction, in particular residential or office buildings.

En référence aux figures 1 à 5 et 8, le système modulaire 1 comprend une dalle de support 2, préférentiellement de forme quadrilatérale, réalisée en béton par exemple un béton de classe C45/55, c'est-à-dire un béton dit hautes performances capables de résister aux forces de compression exercées dans les bâtiments. La dalle de support 2 est fabriquée d'une seule pièce et comprend un cadre 13 formé de longrines longitudinales précontraintes 14 et de longrines transversales 15 en béton armé.With reference to figures 1 to 5 and 8 , the modular system 1 comprises a support slab 2, preferably of quadrilateral shape, made of concrete, for example a class C45/55 concrete, that is to say a so-called high-performance concrete capable of withstanding the compressive forces exerted in buildings. The support slab 2 is made in one piece and comprises a frame 13 formed of prestressed longitudinal stringers 14 and transverse stringers 15 of reinforced concrete.

La dalle de support 2 en béton armé comprend également un plancher 16 entouré par le cadre 13, lequel plancher 16 comprend une pluralité de nervures transversales 17 qui renforcent la structure dudit plancher 16 de la dalle de support 2. Les longrines 14, 15 et les nervures 17 permettent ainsi de limiter l'épaisseur du plancher 16, c'est-à-dire de limiter le poids de la dalle 2 et la quantité de béton utilisée pour la fabriquer.The reinforced concrete support slab 2 also comprises a floor 16 surrounded by the frame 13, which floor 16 comprises a plurality of transverse ribs 17 which reinforce the structure of said floor 16 of the support slab 2. The stringers 14, 15 and the ribs 17 thus make it possible to limit the thickness of the floor 16, that is to say to limit the weight of the slab 2 and the amount of concrete used to manufacture it.

Comme représenté sur la figure 1, la dalle de support 2 peut comprendre des ouvertures traversantes 19 ménagées au travers des longrines longitudinales 14, pour permettre par exemple le passage de câblage ou des conduits d'assainissements.As shown on the figure 1 , the support slab 2 may include through openings 19 made through the longitudinal stringers 14, to allow for example the passage of wiring or drainage pipes.

De manière optionnelle et comme représenté sur la figure 8, le cadre comprend une rainure périmétrique 41 formant un épaulement périmétrique dont la fonction sera précisée plus loin.Optionally and as shown in the figure 8 , the frame comprises a perimeter groove 41 forming a perimeter shoulder whose function will be specified later.

Les dimensions de la dalle de support 2 sont, par exemple et de manière non limitative, de 5,70 mètres de longueur sur 2,85 mètres de largeur sur 25 centimètres d'épaisseur, pour une surface d'un peu plus de 16,2 m2. En particulier, la longueur de la dalle de support 2 est le double de sa largeur. Par ailleurs, les longrines longitudinales 14 présentent une largeur de 15 cm, les nervures 17 une épaisseur de 5 cm et une largeur de 7 cm, la distance selon la direction longitudinale X entre deux nervures 17 étant de 50 cm. Enfin, le plancher 16 présente une épaisseur de 5 cm.The dimensions of the support slab 2 are, for example and without limitation, 5.70 meters long by 2.85 meters wide by 25 centimeters thick, for an area of just over 16, 2 m 2 . In particular, the length of the support slab 2 is twice its width. Furthermore, the longitudinal sills 14 have a width of 15 cm, the ribs 17 a thickness of 5 cm and a width of 7 cm, the distance in the longitudinal direction X between two ribs 17 being 50 cm. Finally, the floor 16 has a thickness of 5 cm.

Dans la suite de la description, le terme « hauteur » sera utilisé pour décrire toute direction perpendiculaire aux directions longitudinale et transversale.In the remainder of the description, the term “height” will be used to describe any direction perpendicular to the longitudinal and transverse directions.

Le système modulaire 1 comprend également une pluralité de poteaux 3a - 3c avantageusement réalisés en béton armé, lesquels poteaux 3a - 3c s'étendent chacun entre une première extrémité dite inférieure fixée à la dalle de support 2 et une seconde extrémité dite supérieure amoviblement fixée à une structure de renforcement 24 qui sera décrite plus loin, par exemple à l'aide de moyens de fixation amovibles. Alternativement, chaque poteau 3a - 3c est formé d'un tube métallique creux 6 à section quadrilatérale dans lequel du béton peut être coulé. Préférentiellement, la première extrémité de chaque poteau 3a - 3c est scellée dans la dalle de support 2. De manière alternative, la première extrémité de chaque poteau 3a - 3c est également fixée de manière amovible à la dalle de support 2.The modular system 1 also comprises a plurality of posts 3a - 3c advantageously made of reinforced concrete, which posts 3a - 3c each extend between a first so-called lower end fixed to the support slab 2 and a second so-called upper end removably fixed to a reinforcement structure 24 which will be described later, for example using removable fastening means. Alternatively, each post 3a - 3c is formed from a hollow metal tube 6 with a quadrilateral section in which concrete can be poured. Preferably, the first end of each post 3a - 3c is sealed in the support slab 2. Alternatively, the first end of each post 3a - 3c is also removably fixed to the support slab 2.

Chaque poteau 3a - 3c comprend un sabot 11 solidarisé à la paroi dudit poteau, au niveau de la partie d'extrémité supérieure dudit poteau 3a - 3c. De manière alternative et en référence à la figure 6, chaque poteau 3a - 3c comprend deux sabots 11, 12 solidarisés à la paroi dudit poteau 3a - 3c ou du tube 6 du poteau 3a - 3c, au niveau des deux parties d'extrémités respectives dudit poteau.Each post 3a - 3c comprises a shoe 11 secured to the wall of said post, at the level of the upper end part of said post 3a - 3c. Alternatively and with reference to the figure 6 , each post 3a - 3c comprises two shoes 11, 12 secured to the wall of said post 3a - 3c or of the tube 6 of the post 3a - 3c, at the two respective end portions of said post.

Chaque sabot 11, 12 comprend une pièce métallique 33, 36 de liaison au poteau 3a - 3c, par exemple en forme de croix, et une plaque 34, 37 de forme quadrilatérale solidarisée à la pièce métallique de liaison 33, 36 au poteau 3a - 3c, laquelle plaque 34, 37 s'étend parallèlement et en vis-à-vis de la dalle de support 2.Each shoe 11, 12 comprises a metal part 33, 36 for connecting to the post 3a - 3c, for example in the shape of a cross, and a plate 34, 37 of quadrilateral shape secured to the metal connecting part 33, 36 to the post 3a - 3c, which plate 34, 37 extends parallel to and opposite the support slab 2.

Préférentiellement, chaque poteau 3a - 3c comprend un unique sabot haut 11 dont la plaque quadrilatérale 34 et une partie de la pièce métallique de liaison 33 solidarisée à ladite plaque 34 font saillie de l'extrémité considérée du poteau 3, et dont la fonction sera décrite ci-après.Preferably, each post 3a - 3c comprises a single high shoe 11 whose quadrilateral plate 34 and part of the metal connecting part 33 secured to said plate 34 protrude from the considered end of the post 3, and whose function will be described. below.

Avantageusement, pour répartir les forces au niveau des poteaux de soutien 3a - 3c, le système modulaire 1 comprend au moins quatre poteaux de soutien 3a - 3c disposés au niveau des quatre coins 4 de la dalle de support 2.Advantageously, to distribute the forces at the level of the support posts 3a - 3c, the modular system 1 comprises at least four support posts 3a - 3c arranged at the level of the four corners 4 of the support slab 2.

Selon l'invention et en référence aux figures 1 à 3, le système modulaire 1 peut comprendre un ou plusieurs panneaux 5 de façade ou de séparation entre les systèmes modulaires 1 assemblés entre eux sur un même niveau. Le procédé d'assemblage des systèmes modulaires 1 sera précisé plus loin dans la description.According to the invention and with reference to figures 1 to 3 , the modular system 1 may comprise one or more facade or separation panels 5 between the modular systems 1 assembled together on the same level. The method of assembling the modular systems 1 will be specified later in the description.

Chaque panneau 5 solidaire du système modulaire 1 est de forme quadrilatérale et s'étend dans un plan perpendiculaire à la dalle de support 2. Chaque panneau 5 comprend ainsi deux bords latéraux opposés 20 s'étendant parallèlement à la dalle de support 2, et deux bords latéraux opposés 21 s'étendant perpendiculairement à ladite dalle de support 2. Les bords latéraux perpendiculaires 21 seront nommés dans la suite de la description bords latéraux de soutien 21.Each panel 5 secured to the modular system 1 is quadrilateral in shape and extends in a plane perpendicular to the support slab 2. Each panel 5 thus comprises two opposite side edges 20 extending parallel to the support slab 2, and two opposite side edges 21 extending perpendicularly to said support slab 2. The perpendicular side edges 21 will be referred to in the following description as support side edges 21.

Chaque panneau 5 comprend une première paroi 7 dite externe en béton haute performance fibré ou armé. Cette paroi externe 7 présente une épaisseur de l'ordre de 3 cm et contribue de fait à la légèreté du panneau 5.Each panel 5 comprises a first so-called outer wall 7 made of fiber-reinforced or reinforced high-performance concrete. This outer wall 7 has a thickness of the order of 3 cm and in fact contributes to the lightness of the panel 5.

Chaque panneau 5 comprend également une paroi dite interne 8 réalisée en béton léger d'une densité comprise entre 800 kg/m3 et 1300 kg/m3, préférentiellement entre 800 kg/m3 et 1100 kg/m3, et qui présente une résistance à la compression comprise entre 12 et 20 MPa. Plus préférentiellement, le béton léger a une densité de l'ordre de 1000 kg/m3 et une résistance à la compression de l'ordre de 16 MPa. Cette paroi interne 8, présentant une épaisseur de l'ordre de 15 cm, assure l'intégrité structurelle du panneau 5 tout en limitant sont poids, et est solidarisée à deux poteaux de soutien 3, 3a s'étendant dans un même plan longitudinal ou transversal.Each panel 5 also comprises a so-called internal wall 8 made of lightweight concrete with a density of between 800 kg/m 3 and 1300 kg/m 3 , preferably between 800 kg/m 3 and 1100 kg/m 3 , and which has a compressive strength between 12 and 20 MPa. More preferably, the lightweight concrete has a density of the order of 1000 kg/m 3 and a compressive strength of the order of 16 MPa. This inner wall 8, having a thickness of the order of 15 cm, ensures the structural integrity of the panel 5 while limiting its weight, and is secured to two support posts 3, 3a extending in the same longitudinal plane or transverse.

Les deux parois respectivement interne 8 et externe 7 sont maintenues en vis-à-vis et à distance par une pluralité de connecteurs 9. Ces connecteurs 9 évitent le contact entre les parois interne 8 et externe 7 et de fait suppriment les ponts thermiques.The two respectively inner 8 and outer 7 walls are held facing each other and at a distance by a plurality of connectors 9. These connectors 9 avoid the contact between the internal 8 and external 7 walls and in fact eliminate the thermal bridges.

Enfin, le panneau 5 comprend un matériau isolant 10 disposé entre les deux parois interne 8 et externe 7, dont l'épaisseur correspond à la distance séparant les deux parois 7, 8 du panneau 5 et est par exemple de l'ordre de 15 à 18 cm.Finally, the panel 5 comprises an insulating material 10 arranged between the two internal 8 and external 7 walls, the thickness of which corresponds to the distance separating the two walls 7, 8 of the panel 5 and is for example of the order of 15 to 18cm.

En référence à la figure 1, le panneau 5 comprend un épaulement 22 formé par la première extrémité des deux poteaux de soutien 3a, 3b et le bord latéral considéré 20 parallèle à la dalle de support 2, lequel épaulement 22 repose sur la longrine transversale ou longitudinale considérée 14, 15 de la dalle de support 2. Par ailleurs, la hauteur de la paroi externe 7 du panneau 5 est telle que ladite paroi externe 7 recouvre complètement la surface externe de la longrine considérée 14, 15 de la dalle de support 2. En d'autres termes, la distance séparant l'épaulement 22 du bord parallèle inférieure 20 du panneau 5 est égale à l'épaisseur du cadre 13 de la dalle de support 2.With reference to the figure 1 , the panel 5 comprises a shoulder 22 formed by the first end of the two support posts 3a, 3b and the side edge considered 20 parallel to the support slab 2, which shoulder 22 rests on the transverse or longitudinal sill considered 14, 15 of the support slab 2. Furthermore, the height of the outer wall 7 of the panel 5 is such that said outer wall 7 completely covers the outer surface of the sill in question 14, 15 of the support slab 2. In other words , the distance separating the shoulder 22 from the lower parallel edge 20 of the panel 5 is equal to the thickness of the frame 13 of the support slab 2.

En référence à la figure 2, la forme et la position du poteau de soutien 3a - 3c varie en fonction de la conformation finale du système modulaire 1.With reference to the figure 2 , the shape and position of the support post 3a - 3c varies depending on the final conformation of the modular system 1.

Dans une première variante, le poteau de soutien 3a présente une section de forme carrée. Dans cette variante, le système modulaire 1 comprend par exemple uniquement la dalle de support 2, la dalle de renforcement et les quatre poteaux de soutien 3a à section carrée.In a first variant, the support post 3a has a square-shaped section. In this variant, the modular system 1 comprises for example only the support slab 2, the reinforcement slab and the four support posts 3a of square section.

Cette variante de poteau 3a peut également être intégrée dans un panneau 5. Lorsque deux systèmes modulaires 1 sont disposés côte-à-côte, c'est-à-dire que deux longrines 14, 15 des deux dalles de support 2 adjacentes sont en appui de contact, la liaison entre les deux panneaux 5 s'étendant dans un même plan et solidaires des deux dalles de support 2 des systèmes modulaires adjacents 1 est au moins en partie réalisée par l'intermédiaire des poteaux de soutien 3a en appui de contact. L'épaisseur de ce poteau 3a dans la première variante est plus grande que l'épaisseur de la paroi interne 8 du panneau 5, lequel poteau 3a est donc en partie logé dans le matériau isolant 10.This variant of post 3a can also be integrated into a panel 5. When two modular systems 1 are arranged side by side, that is to say that two stringers 14, 15 of the two adjacent support slabs 2 are in support of contact, the connection between the two panels 5 extending in the same plane and integral with the two support slabs 2 of the adjacent modular systems 1 is at least partly carried out by means of the support posts 3a in contact support. The thickness of this post 3a in the first variant is greater than the thickness of the internal wall 8 of the panel 5, which post 3a is therefore partly housed in the insulating material 10.

Par ailleurs, pour relier entre eux deux systèmes modulaires adjacents 1, les longrines 14, 15 en appui de contact des deux dalles de support adjacentes 2 sont solidarisées entre elle, par exemple aux moyens de dispositifs vissés au travers desdites longrines 14, 15.Furthermore, to connect two adjacent modular systems 1 together, the stringers 14, 15 bearing in contact with the two adjacent support slabs 2 are secured together, for example by means of devices screwed through said stringers 14, 15.

Bien entendu, la liaison entre deux systèmes modulaires 1 ne comprenant pas de panneaux 5, mais uniquement des poteaux de soutien 3a, est réalisée de la même manière, c'est-à-dire par solidarisation des longrines 14, 15 en appui de contact.Of course, the connection between two modular systems 1 not comprising panels 5, but only support posts 3a, is made in the same way, that is to say by joining the stringers 14, 15 in contact support .

Dans une deuxième variante, le poteau de soutien 3b présente en section une forme rectangulaire pour permettre la liaison en coin de deux panneaux adjacents 5 et s'étendant dans des plans perpendiculaires entre eux. Dans ce cas, le poteau de soutien 3b fait également partie intégrante du panneau 5. A l'instar de la première variante, l'épaisseur du poteau 3b selon la longueur de sa section transversale est supérieure à l'épaisseur de la paroi interne 8 du panneau. Deux poteaux 3b respectivement intégrés dans les deux panneaux 5 reliés en coin sont en appui de contact au niveau d'une de leurs arêtes, et un unique sabot haut 11 est relié aux parties d'extrémités considérées deux poteaux 3b. Pour supprimer les ponts thermiques, du béton 40 est coulé dans l'espace délimité par les poteaux 3 et les panneaux 5.In a second variant, the support post 3b has a rectangular shape in section to allow the corner connection of two adjacent panels 5 and extending in planes perpendicular to each other. In this case, the support post 3b is also an integral part of the panel 5. Like the first variant, the thickness of the post 3b along the length of its cross section is greater than the thickness of the internal wall 8 of the panel. Two posts 3b respectively integrated into the two panels 5 connected at the corner bear in contact at one of their edges, and a single top shoe 11 is connected to the end portions considered as two posts 3b. To eliminate the thermal bridges, concrete 40 is poured into the space delimited by the posts 3 and the panels 5.

Dans une troisième variante, chaque poteau 3c à section carrée est intégré dans deux panneaux adjacents 5 s'étendant dans un même plan sur la même dalle de support 2, comme représenté sur la figure 2. Les deux poteaux 3c des deux panneaux adjacents 5 sont donc en appui de contact. A la différence du poteau 3a de la première variante, l'épaisseur du poteau 3c dans la troisième variante est égale à l'épaisseur de la paroi interne 8 du panneau 5, lequel poteau 3c est donc en appui contre le matériau isolant 10.In a third variant, each post 3c with a square section is integrated into two adjacent panels 5 extending in the same plane on the same support slab 2, as represented on the figure 2 . The two posts 3c of the two adjacent panels 5 are therefore in contact support. Unlike the post 3a of the first variant, the thickness of the post 3c in the third variant is equal to the thickness of the internal wall 8 of the panel 5, which post 3c is therefore resting against the insulating material 10.

En référence aux figures 2 et 3, le système modulaire 1 présente également une structure de renforcement 24 disposée en vis-à-vis de la dalle de support 2. Cette structure de renforcement 24 est réalisé dans un matériau à la fois léger et résistant, et préférentiellement en matériau métallique type acier, ou tout autre matériau dont la rigidité permet le maintien de l'intégrité structurelle du système modulaire 1.With reference to figure 2 and 3 , the modular system 1 also has a reinforcement structure 24 arranged opposite the support slab 2. This reinforcement structure 24 is made of a material that is both light and resistant, and preferably of a metallic material such as steel. , or any other material whose rigidity allows the maintenance of the structural integrity of the modular system 1.

La structure de renforcement 24 comprend une partie de renforcement 25 formée d'un cadre 26 de forme quadrilatérale dont les coins reposent en moins en partie sur les extrémités libres des poteaux 3a - 3c et/ou sur la tranche supérieure des panneaux 5 du système modulaire 1. De manière particulièrement avantageuse, une partie de la pièce métallique de liaison 33 du sabot haut 11 faisant saillie de l'extrémité considérée dudit poteau 3a - 3c vient en appui de contact contre la face interne du cadre 26 (figure 7). De la sorte, le positionnement reproductible du cadre 26 sur les poteaux 3a - 3c est facilité.The reinforcement structure 24 comprises a reinforcement part 25 formed of a frame 26 of quadrilateral shape, the corners of which rest at least partly on the free ends of the posts 3a - 3c and/or on the upper edge of the panels 5 of the modular system. 1. In a particularly advantageous manner, a part of the metal connecting part 33 of the top shoe 11 protruding from the considered end of said post 3a - 3c bears in contact against the internal face of the frame 26 ( figure 7 ). In this way, the reproducible positioning of the frame 26 on the posts 3a - 3c is facilitated.

La partie de renforcement 25 de la structure de renforcement 24 comprend également des éléments de renforts 31 solidaire du cadre 26 pour le rigidifier. Comme visible sur la figure 3, ces éléments de renforts 31 comprennent des barres s'étendant transversalement ou de manière inclinée par rapport à l'axe longitudinal X.The reinforcing part 25 of the reinforcing structure 24 also comprises reinforcing elements 31 secured to the frame 26 to stiffen it. As seen on the picture 3 , these reinforcement elements 31 comprise bars extending transversely or inclined with respect to the longitudinal axis X.

La structure de renforcement 24 comprend également une partie de fixation 27 formée de plaques de fixation 32 solidaires du cadre 26 au moins au niveau des coins dudit cadre 26, et s'étendant parallèlement à la dalle de support 2 et au cadre 26 de la partie supérieure 24.The reinforcing structure 24 also comprises a fixing part 27 formed of fixing plates 32 integral with the frame 26 at least at the level of the corners of the said frame 26, and extending parallel to the support slab 2 and to the frame 26 of the part superior 24.

Comme représenté sur la figure 7, les plaques de fixation de la structure de renforcement 24 viennent en appui de contact contre les plaques quadrilatérales 34 des sabots hauts 11. Par ailleurs, les plaques de fixation 32 de la structure de renforcement 24 et les plaques quadrilatérales 34 des sabots hautes 11 comprennent des orifices traversant 35 en vis-à-vis qui permettent la fixation par boulonnage de crochets de levage 18 en vue du levage et du déplacement du système modulaire 1.As shown on the figure 7 , the fixing plates of the reinforcing structure 24 bear in contact against the quadrilateral plates 34 of the upper shoes 11. Furthermore, the fixing plates 32 of the reinforcing structure 24 and the quadrilateral plates 34 of the upper shoes 11 comprise through holes 35 facing each other which allow the fixing by bolting of lifting hooks 18 for lifting and moving the modular system 1.

Enfin, le système modulaire 1 comprend un cadre de support 28 d'un faux plafond, par exemple réalisé en bois, et dont les dimensions sont inférieures à la dalle de support 2 de sorte que le cadre en bois 28 soit inséré entre les poteaux 3a - 3c du système modulaire 1. Ce cadre en bois comprend une pluralité de traverses 29 rigidifiant ledit cadre 28 et est solidarisé aux tubes 6 des poteaux 3a - 3c, par exemple par vissage, et permet d'une part de maintenir les panneaux 5 en position perpendiculaire à la dalle de support 2 et d'autre part de supporter des éléments d'isolation thermique du faux plafond (non représentés).Finally, the modular system 1 comprises a support frame 28 for a false ceiling, for example made of wood, and whose dimensions are smaller than the support slab 2 so that the wooden frame 28 is inserted between the posts 3a - 3c of the modular system 1. This wooden frame comprises a plurality of crosspieces 29 stiffening said frame 28 and is secured to the tubes 6 of the posts 3a - 3c, for example by screwing, and allows on the one hand to maintain the panels 5 in position perpendicular to the support slab 2 and secondly to support the thermal insulation elements of the false ceiling (not shown).

Un procédé de fabrication des panneaux 5 va maintenant être décrit.A process for manufacturing the panels 5 will now be described.

Au cours de la première étape du procédé et pour former la paroi externe 7, du béton est coulé soit sur une armature métallique pour obtenir un béton armé, soit sur d'autres types éléments structurels afin d'obtenir un béton fibré hautes performances. Une partie d'extrémité d'une pluralité de connecteurs 9 est alors noyée dans le béton humide.During the first step of the method and to form the outer wall 7, concrete is poured either onto a metal reinforcement to obtain reinforced concrete, or onto other types of structural elements in order to obtain high-performance fiber-reinforced concrete. An end part of a plurality of connectors 9 is then embedded in the wet concrete.

Après séchage du béton, la paroi externe 7 du panneau 5 est formée, et les connecteurs 9, dont la partie d'extrémité est prise dans le béton, font saillie de la face interne de la paroi externe 7.After the concrete has dried, the outer wall 7 of the panel 5 is formed, and the connectors 9, the end part of which is set in the concrete, protrude from the inner face of the outer wall 7.

Un matériau isolant thermiquement 10 est alors disposé sur la surface interne de la paroi externe 7. Il s'agit par exemple de chanvre ou de laine de bois. Les parties d'extrémités libres opposées des connecteurs 9 font saillie de la surface dudit matériau isolant 10.A thermally insulating material 10 is then placed on the inner surface of the outer wall 7. It is for example hemp or wood wool. The opposite free end parts of the connectors 9 protrude from the surface of said insulating material 10.

Alternativement, le matériau isolant thermiquement 10 est déposé sur le béton encore humide de la paroi externe 7, le cas échéant concomitamment à l'installation des connecteurs 9.Alternatively, the thermally insulating material 10 is deposited on the still wet concrete of the external wall 7, if necessary concomitantly with the installation of the connectors 9.

Deux poteaux de soutien 3a - 3c préalablement réalisés sont ensuite disposés, au niveau de deux parties d'extrémités opposées de la dalle externe 7, sur ou dans le matériau isolant 10 en fonction de la variante de poteau utilisée. Alternativement, les poteaux 3a - 3c sont coulés en même temps que la paroi externe 7.Two support posts 3a - 3c made beforehand are then arranged, at two opposite end parts of the outer slab 7, on or in the insulating material 10 depending on the variant of post used. Alternatively, the posts 3a - 3c are cast at the same time as the outer wall 7.

Enfin, du béton léger est coulé sur la surface du matériau isolant 10 entre les deux poteaux 3a - 3c, et sur les parties d'extrémités libres opposées des connecteurs 9. En se solidifiant, la paroi interne 8 emprisonne lesdites parties d'extrémités des connecteurs 9 et se solidarise aux deux poteaux de soutien 3a - 3c disposés de part et d'autre de ladite paroi interne 8 nouvellement formée.Finally, lightweight concrete is poured onto the surface of the insulating material 10 between the two posts 3a - 3c, and onto the opposite free end parts of the connectors 9. As it solidifies, the internal wall 8 traps said end parts of the connectors 9 and is secured to the two support posts 3a - 3c arranged on either side of said newly formed inner wall 8.

Le panneau 5 est ainsi prêt à être installé sur une dalle de support 2, par solidarisation des premières extrémités libres des poteaux 3a - 3c aux coins respectifs 4 de la dalle de support 2. En particulier, les parties d'extrémités inférieures des poteaux 3a - 3c sont soit scellées dans la dalle de support 2 soit, si les poteaux comprennent des sabots bas 12, les plaques quadrilatérales 37 desdits sabots bas 12, qui comprennent des orifices traversants 38, seront boulonnées dans la dalle de support 2.The panel 5 is thus ready to be installed on a support slab 2, by securing the first free ends of the posts 3a - 3c to the respective corners 4 of the support slab 2. In particular, the lower end parts of the posts 3a - 3c are either sealed in the support slab 2 or, if the posts include bottom shoes 12, the quadrilateral plates 37 of said bottom shoes 12, which include through holes 38, will be bolted into the support slab 2.

Un procédé de fabrication du système modulaire 1 de l'invention va maintenant être décrit.A method of manufacturing the modular system 1 of the invention will now be described.

La dalle de support 2 en béton armé est tout d'abord coulée. Selon une première variante, la dalle 2 est coulée en une seule phase dans un moule pour former le cadre 13 et les plancher nervuré 16. Selon une seconde variante, les deux longrines longitudinales précontraintes 14 sont fabriquées dans un premier temps, puis intégrées dans le moule et le reste de la dalle 2 est coulée pour former le cadre 13 et le plancher nervuré 16.The reinforced concrete support slab 2 is first poured. According to a first variant, the slab 2 is cast in a single phase in a mold to form the frame 13 and the ribbed floor 16. According to a second variant, the two prestressed longitudinal stringers 14 are first manufactured, then integrated into the mold and the rest of the slab 2 is cast to form the frame 13 and the ribbed floor 16.

Dans une seconde étape, au moins quatre poteaux de soutien 3a - 3c sont réalisés tels que décrit précédemment. La forme des poteaux 3a - 3c et leur liaison ou non à des panneaux 5 dépend du système modulaire 1 désiré. Par exemple, des poteaux 3a seuls peuvent être réalisés si aucun panneau de façade 5 n'est prévu dans le système modulaire 1, ou bien des poteaux 3a - 3c prévus pour être intégrés dans les panneaux 5.In a second step, at least four support posts 3a - 3c are made as described above. The shape of the posts 3a - 3c and their connection or not to the panels 5 depends on the modular system 1 desired. For example, only posts 3a can be made if no facade panel 5 is provided in the modular system 1, or posts 3a - 3c designed to be integrated into the panels 5.

Dans une troisième étape, les extrémités inférieures des poteaux 3a - 3c sont scellées dans la dalle de support. Alternativement, lorsque les poteaux comprennent des sabots bas 12, lesdits sabots bas 12 sont solidarisés à la dalle de support 2.In a third step, the lower ends of the posts 3a - 3c are sealed into the support slab. Alternatively, when the posts include bottom shoes 12, said bottom shoes 12 are secured to the support slab 2.

Enfin, dans une dernière étape, la structure de renforcement métallique 24 est installée : le cadre 26 est disposé sur les poteaux 3a - 3c et les plaques de fixation 32 de la structure de renforcement 24 sont solidarisées aux sabots hauts 11 pour rigidifier la structure du système modulaire 1 et permettre son transport sur site d'assemblage.Finally, in a last step, the metal reinforcement structure 24 is installed: the frame 26 is placed on the posts 3a - 3c and the fixing plates 32 of the reinforcement structure 24 are secured to the upper shoes 11 to stiffen the structure of the modular system 1 and allow it to be transported to the assembly site.

Un procédé d'assemblage par superposition des systèmes modulaires 1 va maintenant être décrit.A method of assembly by superposition of the modular systems 1 will now be described.

Au cours d'une première étape, un premier système modulaire 1 est positionné à un endroit déterminé, en particulier sur une dalle de fondation d'un immeuble en construction. Ce premier système modulaire 1 peut par ailleurs être assemblé avec d'autres systèmes modulaires 1 sur un même niveau, par solidarisation entres elles des longrines 14, 15 de deux dalles de support adjacentes 2, comme cela a été décrit plus haut. Ainsi, ce premier système modulaire 1 est disposé sur un premier niveau de l'assemblage.During a first step, a first modular system 1 is positioned at a determined location, in particular on a foundation slab of a building under construction. This first modular system 1 can also be assembled with other modular systems 1 on the same level, by joining together the stringers 14, 15 of two adjacent support slabs 2, as described above. Thus, this first modular system 1 is arranged on a first level of the assembly.

Au cours de la deuxième étape, le cadre 26 de la structure de renforcement 24 est désolidarisé des secondes extrémités libres des poteaux de soutien 3a - 3c dudit système modulaire 1.During the second step, the frame 26 of the reinforcement structure 24 is detached from the second free ends of the support posts 3a - 3c of said modular system 1.

Au cours de la troisième étape, un deuxième système modulaire 1 est disposé sur le premier système modulaire 1. La dalle de support 2 du deuxième système modulaire 1 est disposée sur les secondes extrémités libres des poteaux 3a - 3c du premier système modulaire 1, puis cette dernière est solidarisée audits poteaux 3a - 3c. Plus précisément, la partie saillante du sabot haut 11 de chaque poteau 3a - 3c vient se loger dans l'espace 23 ménagé dans la dalle de support 2 du deuxième système modulaire 1 par l'épaulement périmétrique 41. Cette dalle de support 2 est alors solidarisée de manière amovible aux plaques quadrilatérales 34 des sabots hauts 11 du premier système modulaire 1.During the third step, a second modular system 1 is arranged on the first modular system 1. The support slab 2 of the second modular system 1 is arranged on the second free ends of the posts 3a - 3c of the first modular system 1, then the latter is secured to said posts 3a - 3c. More specifically, the projecting part of the top shoe 11 of each post 3a - 3c is housed in the space 23 made in the support slab 2 of the second modular system 1 by the perimeter shoulder 41. This support slab 2 is then removably secured to the quadrilateral plates 34 of the high shoes 11 of the first modular system 1.

Enfin, le cadre en bois 28 de support de faux plafond du premier système modulaire 1 est solidarisé à la dalle de support 2 du deuxième système modulaire 1 via des connecteurs 39.Finally, the wooden frame 28 supporting the false ceiling of the first modular system 1 is secured to the support slab 2 of the second modular system 1 via connectors 39.

Ainsi, ce deuxième système modulaire 1 s'étend selon un deuxième niveau d'assemblage. Le cas échéant, les panneaux 5 du premier système modulaire 1 sont solidarisés aux longrines 14, 15 de la dalle de support 2 du deuxième système modulaire 1.Thus, this second modular system 1 extends along a second level of assembly. If necessary, the panels 5 of the first modular system 1 are secured to the stringers 14, 15 of the support slab 2 of the second modular system 1.

La structure de renforcement 24 est récupérée pour être réutilisée en prévision de la fabrication d'un nouveau système modulaire 1.The reinforcement structure 24 is recovered to be reused in anticipation of the manufacture of a new modular system 1.

Par ailleurs, ce deuxième système modulaire 1 peut également être solidarisé à d'autres systèmes modulaires 1 du même niveau par solidarisation des longrines 14, 15 de deux dalles de support adjacentes 2 (figure 8). Ces autres systèmes modulaires 1 du deuxième niveau d'assemblage sont donc eux-mêmes disposés sur des poteaux de soutien 3a - 3c de systèmes modulaires 1 du premier niveau d'assemblage.Furthermore, this second modular system 1 can also be joined to other modular systems 1 of the same level by joining the stringers 14, 15 of two adjacent support slabs 2 ( figure 8 ). These other modular systems 1 of the second assembly level are therefore themselves arranged on support posts 3a - 3c of modular systems 1 of the first assembly level.

Les deuxième, troisième et quatrième étapes sont répétées pour les niveaux d'assemblages supplémentaires, jusqu'à obtenir le nombre N de niveaux désirés. Tous les systèmes modulaires 1 du Nième niveau comprennent par ailleurs une seconde dalle de béton 2 solidarisée aux secondes extrémités des poteaux de soutien 3a - 3c pour former le plafond desdits systèmes modulaires 1 de niveau N. Pour les systèmes modulaires 1 appartenant à un niveau compris entre 2 et N-1, la dalle de support 2 d'un système modulaire 1 de niveau k forme le plafond d'un système modulaire 1 de niveau k-1. En outre, chaque poteau 3a, 3c disposé dans un coin 4 de la dalle de support 2 d'un système modulaire 1 de niveau k est aligné avec les poteaux 3a, 3c du coin considéré 4 des dalles de support 2 des systèmes modulaires 1 de niveaux inférieurs, si bien que les efforts exercés par les N niveaux de systèmes modulaires 1 sont transmis via les poteaux 3a, 3c jusqu'aux fondations de l'immeuble.The second, third and fourth steps are repeated for the additional assembly levels, until the desired number N of levels is obtained. All the modular systems 1 of the Nth level also comprise a second concrete slab 2 secured to the second ends of the support posts 3a - 3c to form the ceiling of said modular systems 1 of level N. For the modular systems 1 belonging to a level included between 2 and N-1, the support slab 2 of a modular system 1 of level k forms the ceiling of a modular system 1 of level k-1. In addition, each post 3a, 3c disposed in a corner 4 of the support slab 2 of a modular system 1 of level k is aligned with the posts 3a, 3c of the considered corner 4 of the support slabs 2 of the modular systems 1 of lower levels, so that the forces exerted by the N levels of modular systems 1 are transmitted via the posts 3a, 3c to the foundations of the building.

lorsque les poteaux 3a - 3c sont équipés de sabots bas 12, lesdits sabots bas 12 des poteaux 3a - 3c d'un système modulaire 1 de niveau k sont solidarisés aux sabots hauts 11 des poteaux 3a - 3c d'un système modulaire de niveau k-1, par l'intermédiaire de moyens de liaison 30 traversant les orifices 35, 38 des sabots hauts 11 et bas 12 des systèmes modulaires 1 respectivement de niveaux k-1 et k, ainsi que la dalle de support 2 du système modulaire 1 de niveau k formant plafond du système modulaire de niveau k-1 (figure 8).when the posts 3a - 3c are equipped with low shoes 12, said low shoes 12 of the posts 3a - 3c of a modular system 1 of level k are secured to the high shoes 11 of the posts 3a - 3c of a modular system of level k -1, via connecting means 30 passing through the orifices 35, 38 of the upper 11 and lower 12 shoes of the modular systems 1 respectively of levels k-1 and k, as well as the support slab 2 of the modular system 1 of level k forming the ceiling of the modular system of level k-1 ( figure 8 ).

Ainsi l'invention permet, grâce à la simplicité de conception et la facilité de transport sur chantier des systèmes modulaires 1, la construction d'immeubles par empilement des systèmes modulaires 1 par niveau successifs et par liaison entre eux des systèmes modulaires 1 d'un même niveau. En outre, l'ensemble formé par les poteaux 3a - 3c, les sabots hauts 11 et le cas échéants les sabots bas 12 solidarisés aux dalles de support 2 assure une manutention aisée des systèmes modulaires 1. Par ailleurs, le système modulaire 1 de niveau k contribue à améliorer la rigidité du système modulaire 1 de niveau k-1, si bien que l'empilement des systèmes modulaires 1 contribue globalement à la rigidité globale de la colonne de systèmes empilés 1. Enfin, les sabots hauts 11 d'un système modulaire 1 de niveau k-1 étant solidarisés de manière amovible à la dalle de support 2 d'un système modulaire de niveau k, un empilement de systèmes modulaires 1 reste démontable, ce qui facilite toute déconstruction ultérieure.Thus the invention allows, thanks to the simplicity of design and the ease of transport on site of the modular systems 1, the construction of buildings by stacking the modular systems 1 by successive level and by linking them modular systems 1 of a same level. In addition, the assembly formed by the posts 3a - 3c, the high shoes 11 and, where appropriate, the low shoes 12 secured to the support slabs 2 ensures easy handling of the modular systems 1. Furthermore, the modular system 1 at level k contributes to improving the rigidity of the modular system 1 of level k-1, so that the stacking of the modular systems 1 contributes overall to the overall rigidity of the column of stacked systems 1. Finally, the high shoes 11 of a system modular 1 of level k-1 being secured in a removable manner to the support slab 2 of a modular system of level k, a stack of modular systems 1 remains removable, which facilitates any subsequent deconstruction.

Par ailleurs, par le jeu d'agencement des panneaux 5 dans les systèmes modulaires 1, un immeuble construit avec le tels systèmes modulaires 1 peut comprendre des appartements dont les pièces ne présentent pas tous la même surface. En particulier, la surface minimale d'une pièce est la surface de la dalle de support 2 si le système modulaire considéré 1 comporte quatre panneaux 5 comme représenté sur la figure 2. A l'opposé, tout un niveau de systèmes modulaires 1 assemblés entre eux par leurs longrines adjacentes 14, 15 peut ne comporter aucune cloison intérieure et constituer un immense espace ouvert.Furthermore, by the play of arrangement of the panels 5 in the modular systems 1, a building constructed with such modular systems 1 can include apartments whose rooms do not all have the same surface area. In particular, the minimum area of a room is the area of the support slab 2 if the modular system considered 1 comprises four panels 5 as shown in the figure 2 . Conversely, a whole level of modular systems 1 assembled together by their adjacent stringers 14, 15 may have no interior partition and constitute a huge open space.

Claims (12)

Système modulaire (1) de construction transportable (1) s'étendant selon un axe longitudinal et comprenant : • une dalle plane de support (2) en béton, • une structure de renforcement (24) disposée en vis-à-vis de la dalle de support (2), et • au moins quatre poteaux de soutien (3a, 3b, 3c) s'étendant chacun depuis une première extrémité solidarisée à la dalle de support (2) jusqu'à une seconde extrémité fixée de manière amovible à la structure de renforcement (24), les poteaux de soutien (3a, 3b, 3c) s'étendant en outre dans au moins deux plans sécants, caractérisé en ce que chaque poteau (3a - 3c) comprend un sabot (11) solidarisé au niveau de la partie d'extrémité dudit poteau (3a, 3b, 3c) en regard de la structure de renforcement (24), lequel sabot (11) comprend une plaque plane (34) s'étendant perpendiculairement au poteau (3a, 3b, 3c) en vis-à-vis de la dalle de support (2), laquelle plaque plane (34) est solidarisée de manière amovible à la structure de renforcement (24).Modular system (1) of transportable construction (1) extending along a longitudinal axis and comprising: • a flat concrete support slab (2), • a reinforcing structure (24) arranged opposite the support slab (2), and • at least four support posts (3a, 3b, 3c) each extending from a first end fixed to the support slab (2) to a second end removably fixed to the reinforcing structure (24), the support posts (3a, 3b, 3c) further extending in at least two secant planes, characterized in that each post (3a - 3c) comprises a shoe (11) secured at the level of the end part of the said post (3a, 3b, 3c) facing the reinforcing structure (24), which shoe (11 ) comprises a flat plate (34) extending perpendicular to the post (3a, 3b, 3c) facing the support slab (2), which flat plate (34) is removably secured to the structure reinforcement (24). Système (1) selon la revendication précédente, caractérisé en ce que la structure de renforcement (24) comprend un cadre (26) solidarisé de manière amovible aux secondes extrémités des poteaux de soutien (3a - 3c).System (1) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the reinforcement structure (24) comprises a frame (26) secured in a removable manner to the second ends of the support posts (3a - 3c). Système (1) selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que la structure de renfort (24) est réalisée en matériau métallique.System (1) according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the reinforcing structure (24) is made of metallic material. Système (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que chaque poteau (3a - 3c) est réalisé en béton armé.System (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that each post (3a - 3c) is made of reinforced concrete. Système (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend au moins un panneau (5) s'étendant dans un plan perpendiculaire à la dalle de support (2), lequel panneau (5) comprend deux bords latéraux opposés (21) perpendiculaires à la dalle de support (2) et respectivement solidarisés à deux poteaux de soutien (3a - 3c) s'étendant dans un plan longitudinal ou dans un plan transversal.System (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises at least one panel (5) extending in a plane perpendicular to the support slab (2), which panel (5) comprises two opposite side edges (21) perpendicular to the support slab (2) and respectively secured to two support posts (3a - 3c) extending in a longitudinal plane or in a transverse plane. Système (1) selon la revendication précédente, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend deux panneaux adjacents (5) s'étendant dans un même plan ou dans deux plans perpendiculaires, lesquels panneaux (5) sont solidarisés entre eux par deux poteaux de soutien adjacents (3a - 3c).System (1) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that it comprises two adjacent panels (5) extending in the same plane or in two perpendicular planes, which panels (5) are secured together by two adjacent support posts (3a - 3c). Système (1) selon la revendication 5 ou 6, caractérisé en ce que le panneau (5) comprend une paroi externe (7) en béton armé ou fibré, une paroi interne (8) en béton dit léger présentant une densité inférieure ou égale à 800 kg/m3, et un matériau thermiquement isolant (10) disposé entre les deux parois (7, 8), lesquelles parois (7, 8) sont solidarisées entre elle par l'intermédiaire de connecteurs (9).System (1) according to Claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the panel (5) comprises an outer wall (7) of reinforced or fiber-reinforced concrete, an inner wall (8) of so-called lightweight concrete having a density less than or equal to 800 kg/m 3 , and a thermally insulating material (10) arranged between the two walls (7, 8), which walls (7, 8) are secured together by means of connectors (9). Système (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la dalle de support (2) comprend des longrines formant un cadre de la dalle (2) et une pluralité de nervures de renfort transversales (17).System (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the support slab (2) comprises stringers forming a frame of the slab (2) and a plurality of transverse reinforcing ribs (17). Procédé de fabrication d'un système modulaire (1) comprenant les étapes successives de : • Coulage d'une dalle plane de support en béton (2), • Réalisation d'au moins quatre poteaux de soutien en béton (3a - 3c), • Solidarisation d'une première extrémité de chaque poteau (3a - 3c) à la dalle de béton de support (2), les poteaux de soutien (3a - 3c) s'étendant dans au moins deux plans sécants, et • Fixation amovible d'une structure de renforcement (24) à des secondes extrémités opposées des poteaux de soutien (3a - 3c). Method of manufacturing a modular system (1) comprising the successive steps of: • Casting of a flat concrete support slab (2), • Construction of at least four concrete support posts (3a - 3c), • Securing a first end of each post (3a - 3c) to the concrete support slab (2), the support posts (3a - 3c) extending in at least two secant planes, and • Removable attachment of a reinforcement structure (24) to opposite second ends of the support posts (3a - 3c). Procédé selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que l'étape de réalisation de chaque panneau (5) comporte les sous étapes successives de : • Coulage de béton sur une structure de renfort pour former une paroi dite externe (7) en béton armé ou fibré, • Insertion d'une partie d'extrémité d'au moins un connecteur (9) dans le béton encore humide de la paroi externe (7), • Une fois la paroi externe (7) sèche, disposition d'un matériau isolant thermique (10) sur ladite paroi externe (7), l'épaisseur du matériau isolant (10) étant inférieur à la longueur de la portion de connecteur (9) faisant saillie de la paroi externe (7), • Disposition de deux poteaux de soutien préalablement réalisés sur le matériau isolant au niveau de deux parties d'extrémité opposées de la paroi externe (7), • Coulage de béton dit léger d'une densité inférieure ou égale à 1100 kg/m3 sur la surface du matériau isolant thermique (10) et sur la partie d'extrémité opposée du connecteur (9) pour former une paroi en béton dite interne (8) au contact des poteaux et emprisonnant la partie d'extrémité libre opposée du connecteur (9), et • Séchage du béton de la paroi interne (8), solidarisée aux poteaux respectifs et à la paroi externe (7). Method according to claim 9, characterized in that the step of producing each panel (5) comprises the successive sub-steps of: • Pouring concrete on a reinforcing structure to form a so-called outer wall (7) in reinforced or fiber-reinforced concrete, • Insertion of an end part of at least one connector (9) into the still wet concrete of the outer wall (7), • Once the outer wall (7) is dry, provision of a thermally insulating material (10) on said outer wall (7), the thickness of the insulating material (10) being less than the length of the connector portion (9 ) protruding from the outer wall (7), • Arrangement of two support posts previously made on the insulating material at two opposite end parts of the outer wall (7), • Casting of so-called light concrete with a density less than or equal to 1100 kg/m 3 on the surface of the thermal insulating material (10) and on the opposite end part of the connector (9) to form a so-called internal concrete wall (8) in contact with the posts and trapping the opposite free end part of the connector (9), and • Drying of the concrete of the internal wall (8), secured to the respective posts and to the external wall (7). Procédé selon la revendication précédente, caractérisé en ce que l'étape d'insertion d'une partie d'extrémité d'au moins un connecteur (9) dans le béton encore humide et l'étape de disposition d'un matériau isolant thermique (10) sur ladite paroi externe (7) sont concomitantes, le matériau isolant thermique (10) étant déposé sur le béton encore humide de ladite paroi externe (7).Method according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the step of inserting an end part of at least one connector (9) into the still wet concrete and the step of placing a thermally insulating material ( 10) on said outer wall (7) are concomitant, the thermal insulating material (10) being deposited on the still wet concrete of said outer wall (7). Procédé d'assemblage par superposition d'une pluralité de systèmes modulaires de construction transportable (1) s'étendant selon un axe longitudinal et comprenant une dalle plane de support (2) en béton, une structure supérieure de renforcement (24) disposée en vis-à-vis de la dalle de support (2), et au moins quatre poteaux de soutien (3a - 3c) s'étendant chacun depuis une première extrémité solidarisée à la dalle de support (2) jusqu'à une seconde extrémité fixée de manière amovible à la structure de renforcement, les poteaux de soutien (3a - 3c) s'étendant en outre dans au moins deux plans sécants, le procédé comprenant les étapes successives de : • Positionnement d'un premier système modulaire (1) à l'endroit désiré, • Désolidarisation entre la structure de renforcement (24) et les poteaux de soutien (3a - 3c) et suppression de ladite structure de renforcement (24), • Positionnement d'un deuxième système modulaire (1) sur le premier système modulaire (1) et solidarisation de la dalle de support (2) du deuxième système modulaire aux secondes extrémités des poteaux de soutien (3a - 3c) du premier système modulaire (1), et • Répétition des deux étapes précédentes pour tous les systèmes modulaires (1) à superposer les uns sur les autres. Method of assembling by superposition of a plurality of modular systems of transportable construction (1) extending along a longitudinal axis and comprising a flat concrete support slab (2), an upper reinforcement structure (24) arranged in -à-vis the support slab (2), and at least four support posts (3a - 3c) each extending from a first end secured to the support slab (2) to a second end fixed to removable manner to the reinforcing structure, the support posts (3a - 3c) further extending in at least two secant planes, the method comprising the successive steps of: • Positioning of a first modular system (1) at the desired location, • Separation between the reinforcing structure (24) and the support posts (3a - 3c) and removal of said reinforcing structure (24), • Positioning of a second modular system (1) on the first modular system (1) and fastening of the support slab (2) of the second modular system to the second ends of the support posts (3a - 3c) of the first modular system ( 1), and • Repeat the two previous steps for all the modular systems (1) to be stacked on top of each other.
EP22178972.0A 2021-06-15 2022-06-14 Modular system, method for manufacturing such a system and assembly comprising a plurality of modular systems Pending EP4105403A1 (en)

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FR2106289A FR3123931B1 (en) 2021-06-15 2021-06-15 Modular concrete construction system, method of manufacturing such a system and assembly comprising a plurality of modular systems

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WO2010086533A1 (en) * 2009-01-30 2010-08-05 Claude Maurette Module for a modular construction system, and modular construction consisting of said modules
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FR2065252A5 (en) * 1969-10-10 1971-07-23 Elcon Ag
DE10005872C1 (en) * 2000-02-10 2001-07-19 Klaus Bollinger Room cell for modular building construction has self-supporting frame enclosing rectabgular room space fitted with floor and ceiling panels an one or more external or internal wall panels
EP1757750A1 (en) * 2004-05-20 2007-02-28 Valentin Leiro Paz Construction system based on prefabricated plates
WO2010086533A1 (en) * 2009-01-30 2010-08-05 Claude Maurette Module for a modular construction system, and modular construction consisting of said modules
US20160222649A1 (en) * 2015-01-29 2016-08-04 Urbantainer Co., Ltd. Container module for construction having fireproof floor slab and structure including the same

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