FR2590294A1 - Constructional assembly having an evolutive modular structure - Google Patents

Abstract

This assembly has a general configuration which includes a horizontal lower support structure, vertical load-bearing columns for an upper structure on which a roof rests, and partitioning and façade elements installed between the columns. According to the invention, the said assembly is made to comprise a substructure consisting of concrete blocks each resting on a load-spreading foundation slab, two horizontal, respectively upper and lower, bearing frames for juxtaposed flat box elements forming a floor and box elements having inclined faces, which are placed side by side and superimposed, forming the roof, vertical tubular columns installed between the two bearing frames and comprising, at their ends, housings for fitting plates for connection with the load-bearing frames and the panels forming the façade and partitioning elements, running between the frames, and a covering element covering the roof box elements.

Description

Constructive set with modular modular structure.

 The present invention relates to a constructive assembly for the production of premises for various uses, having a modular cell structure and the geometry of which can be made variable at will, thanks to a specific design and arrangement of the components used, allowing in particular their simple and easy assembly and disassembly as well as multiple juxtapositions or operational combinations, making it possible to evolve the structure by means of extensions capable of being produced without having to intervene on existing cells already assembled.

 Various embodiments of modular systems for use in constructions are already known in the art, where the initial volumes of the constituent cells can be modified and in particular enlarged by the addition of complementary cells. However, these systems most often require, in the connection plans between an existing cell and an additional cell to be added thereto, to open the first and to connect the next with recovery of the elements of floor, ceiling and partitioning or facade, with in particular the installation of joints or connection joints in concrete, metal or other. Such systems are not suitable for a construction where the components are joined together by assembling standard parts, configurations simple and predetermined, which can in particular be manufactured in the factory, outside the site on which they are to be mounted.

 The invention therefore aims to overcome the drawbacks of known systems by means of a constructive assembly where the components used have characteristics designed to allow, with total reliability during assembly or disassembly, a very simple connection between these components, authorizing their assembly according to all the desired combinations, combined with an optimization of the ratio of their mechanical resistance to their weight and a high thermal inertia, specially well suited to the use of the premises thus produced.

 To this end, the assembly considered, having a general configuration comprising a horizontal lower support structure, vertical support posts for an upper structure on which a roof rests and partitioning and facade elements, disposed between the posts, characterized in that it comprises an infrastructure constituted by a plurality of concrete studs, each resting on a load distribution slab, two horizontal lift frames, respectively upper and lower, for juxtaposed flat boxes, forming a floor and boxes with inclined faces joined and superimposed forming the roof, vertical tubular posts mounted between the two lift frames and comprising at their ends nesting housings for connection plates respectively low and high with the lift frames and the panels constituting the façade and partition elements, extending between the frames, and an element nt of cover covering the roof boxes.

 Preferably and according to a particular characteristic of the invention, the concrete studs have a parallelepiped shape with square section and comprise, in their lower face, an axial boss, able to engage in a central recess provided in the distribution rafts dump.

 Advantageously, each raft has a lower facing of conical profile to avoid its lateral displacement under load.

 According to another characteristic, each stud comprises, in the vicinity of its four angles in its upper face, four threaded rods, embedded at one end in the concrete of the stud and projecting from the latter at their other end, for fixing to the stud a low connection plate. Advantageously, each lower plate comprises a tubular sleeve provided in the center of the plate to receive a vertical post.

Preferably, a transverse pin passes through the post and the sleeve, immobilizing them mutually in rotation.

 Preferably also, each stud comprises an axial duct for mounting a scaled concrete iron, improving the connection with the slab by pouring concrete into this duct and into the central recess of the slab.

 According to another characteristic, the lower bearing frame supports a plurality of rectangular flat boxes by means of a frame made up of four lateral beams, each having in their faces directed towards the inside of the frame, a projecting rib for the support of the caissons.

Advantageously, the boxes have a honeycomb or similar structure with a honeycomb core, filled with an insulating material.

 According to another characteristic, the upper bearing frame also has a framework consisting of four joined beams, joined in pairs by a high connection plate by means of lateral ears carried by this plate and screwed or bolted to the two beams of the corresponding framework.

 More particularly, each upper plate comprises a tubular central element, extended by a nozzle, for engagement in the open upper end of a vertical tubular post, this element being integral with the lateral ears, the number of which varies according to the connections to be made. with the upper bearing frames and the front or partition panels mounted between the posts.

 Similarly, each lower plate has a support plate on the associated support stud, comprising ovalized holes crossed by the threaded rods of the stud bolted to the plate, and lateral ears for connection with the facade and partitioning panels. .

 According to another particular characteristic of the invention, the boxes forming the roof, supported by the upper bearing frame, are juxtaposed side by side according to the profile of the roof to be produced. Advantageously, the roof boxes correspond to two distinct profiles, depending on whether they comprise an edge of the roof or a flat inclined part thereof.

 Preferably also, each roof box is constituted by the assembly of wooden beams, joined by interlocking assembly blocks, arranged at the corners of the profiles of each box.

 According to other characteristics, finally, the vertical tubular posts each have an internal filling of plastic foam. Furthermore and according to a preferred arrangement of the invention, each post is associated in its outer surface with flanges, respectively male and female, capable of clamping between their extensions with the interposition of a layer of insulating material, the panels of partitioning or facade attached to this post.

 In the case of facade panels, bolted connection angles are advantageously mounted between the upper ends of these panels and the beams forming the framework of the lift frames.

Other characteristics of a construction assembly established in accordance with the invention will become apparent from the following description of an exemplary embodiment, given by way of non-limiting example, with reference to the appended drawings in which
- Figure 1 is an exploded and partial perspective view of the assembly considered illustrating the various components used in it
- Figure 2 is an exploded perspective view, from below, of the lower bearing frame, also illustrating the floor boxes which adapt to it and the connection plates associated with this frame
- Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view on a larger scale of the lower part of the assembly considered at the level of the lower bearing frame
- Figure 4 is a view on a larger scale also of a part of the upper bearing frame and a connection plate
- Figure 5 illustrates a connection block used in the roof boxes carried by the upper lift frame
- Figure 6 illustrates in partial perspective view a vertical post of the construction assembly
- Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view of a post as shown in Figure 6
- Figure 8 is another sectional view on a larger scale of the detail of the connection between the upper frame and the roof boxes of the assembly considered.

 In Figure 1, the construction assembly shown comprises according to the invention a lower bearing frame 1 and an upper frame 2, joined together by vertical posts 3 of which only one is shown in this figure. Preferably and as shown in FIG. 2, the lower frame 1 (as well as the upper frame 2) has a square (or rectangular) profile which together delimits a basic cell or elementary module of the assembly considered.

 The lift frame 1 rests on a ground support infrastructure, constituted by a plurality of support pads 4 of molded concrete, in the form of rectangular parallelepipeds and preferably arranged at the four corners of the frame 1 below it. The height of these studs corresponds to the crawl space left free under the lift frame 1 receiving the floor as described below, each stud having at its lower end a protruding boss 5 provided for engaging in a housing of the same profile 6 provided in the center of a massive 7 or load distribution slab, in prefabricated reinforced concrete. The rafts 7 of the assembly each have at their lower end a substantially frustoconical facing 8 intended to ensure their natural anchoring in the soil 9 on which they are directly placed, avoiding any lateral displacement under load of the support studs 4.

 The studs also have in their flat face opposite the raft 7, four threaded rods 10 arranged at the four angles of each stud, and in the center of. this, an axial housing 11 in which is advantageously mounted a scalp (not shown) crossing the base of the stud and engaging in line with the boss 5 in the raft 7, in order to allow, by pouring concrete, a connection perfect between stud and write off once these are properly installed.

 As can be seen in FIGS. 1 and 2, the bearing frame 1 of the cell in question is designed to rest on all of the studs 4 by means of lower plates 12, each comprising a base plate 13 of general shape square, comprising at its four corners ovalized holes 14 in which engage the threaded rods 10 provided on the upper surface of each of the studs 4, these plates then being immobilized on the corresponding stud by means of a locking nut (not represented).

 Each plate 12 also comprises a tubular sleeve 15, capable of receiving axially a sleeve of suitable diameter 16 provided at the bottom of a vertical post 3, this sleeve being secured in its outer surface of lateral ears 17, the number of which can be variable depending on the connections to be made in particular with the sides and / or extensions of the lower bearing frame 1. These ears 17 have holes 18 for the passage of screws or bolts for fixing with the beams 19 constituting the frame of the frame 1. Generally, this consists of four beams 19, preferably of planed wood, of length "standard1 adapted to the dimensions of the cell. They also have in their surface directed towards the inside of the frame 1, longitudinal ribs 20, whose role is to serve as support for floor boxes 21, formed of metallic or other elements 22, closed and containing a honeycomb structure 23 of the kind with honeycomb (figur e 3), for example made of polypropylene with polyurethane foam stuffing, these elements suitably juxtaposed according to the surface of the frame 1 being embedded therein between the four lateral parts 19 and, where appropriate, additional sleepers or joists 24 (FIG. 2 ).

 Partitioning or facade elements 25 are then mounted on the frame 1, with particular connections described below with the vertical posts 3, these elements 25 generally being formed of two parallel faces 26 and 27, joined for example at their periphery according to the surface of the element, and trapping between them a filling 28 of polyurethane foam or the like, with thermal and phonic insulating properties in particular. These elements 25 rest on the beams 19 with the interposition of connecting strips 29, ensuring the watertight joint between them (FIG 3).

 Extending parallel to the lower bearing frame, is provided according to the invention the upper frame 2, the structure of which is substantially similar to that of the lower frame 1, the beams 30 which constitute it generally do not include internal ribs d 'support, except in the case of construction with superimposed modules where the upper bearing frame of the lower module, directly constitutes the frame receiving the floor of the upper module, reported on the previous one.

 As illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 4, the frame 2 thus comprises four beams 31, preferably screwed or bolted to the lateral ears 32 of the upper plates 33 ensuring the connection of these beams to the corners of the frame 2. Advantageously, when these ears realize the connection of two frames contiguous to two adjoining modules, there is between the beams 31 adjacent to these two frames a filling of foam or the like 34. When the panel delimits a facade of the assembly, the corresponding beam 31 is associated with a against part 31a playing a similar role.

 Each upper plate 33 comprises an axial sleeve 35 on the outer surface of which are fixed by welding or other ears 32, this sleeve being extended by a tubular end piece 36 capable of engaging axially in the corresponding vertical post 3. A plug or block of insulating material 37 is advantageously mounted in the sleeve 35 to ensure the connection with a material of the same structure provided inside the post 3.

 The upper lift frame 2 directly receives the roof 38 of the construction assembly (Figure 1).

According to the invention, it also consists of juxtaposed boxes corresponding to three distinct configurations shown diagrammatically in FIG. 1, and corresponding respectively to a box with a triangular profile said to be "straight creeping" 39, to a "stopping" box 40 to two ramps at 90X, and in addition to a parallelepipedic box 41 forming an extension; each preceding box is constituted by a set of wooden beams 42, assembled and bolted by means of blocks or connecting nodes 43 of which FIG. 5 shows the detail on a larger scale, and having for this purpose nesting housings 44 and 45 for the end of these beams, with a straight or inclined profile depending on the orientation thereof. Furthermore, once the boxes 39, 40 and 41 are juxtaposed on the upper bearing frame 2, they are advantageously covered by a panel composite 46, formed of suitable facings or shingles, trapping between them a core of polyurethane or the like. Finally, the assembly formed by the roof boxes is made integral with the frame 2 by means of lag screws (not shown), suitably distributed according to the assembly of these boxes in order to avoid their displacement once juxtaposed.

 Figures 1, 6 and 7 now illustrate in more detail the production of vertical posts 3, ensuring the support and bracing of the lift frames 1 and 2 and the maintenance of the partitions or facades 25 laterally delimiting the modular cells of 1 ' together considered.

 Each post 3 thus has a rigid tubular outer part 47, preferably made of steel, of dimensions determined in thickness, diameter and height, filled with an internal foam of polyurethane or the like. This tubular part 47 receives axially the sleeves or end pieces, respectively 15 and 36 of the lower and upper plates, the immobilization in rotation of the post on the lower plate in particular being ensured by a transverse key (not shown) engaged in the sleeve 15 and the base of the post covering it. As a variant, provision can be made for placing the post and the sleeve of the plate end to end and for securing these two parts by a tube element in which they engage mutually, the height of this tube element being twice that of sleeve of the plate for example.

 In its main part, the post 3 is associated with sets of external flanges, respectively male 48 and female 49, screwed onto the surface of the tubular metal part 47 by means of nuts 50 and screws 51, these flanges forming jaw for immobilize between them the ends of the partition or facade panels 25, the profiles of which can be adapted to each particular assembly, without departing from the scope of the present invention. Wedges 52 of flexible insulating material are advantageously disposed between the panels and the jaws or posts to ensure the tight and play-free fixing of the assembly. Preferably, the flanges 48 and 49 are made of extruded aluminum or any other material suitable and each have a cylinder-shaped portion 53 capable of coming to be applied to the surface of the post and a transverse wing 54, - bent at 55 at its end, to come and clamp, with the jaw facing, the end of the corresponding panel 25. The cylindrical parts 53 of the male and female jaws are distinct and in particular of different dimensions, in order to allow the mounting thereof on each post successively, the unscrewing and removal of the female jaws with a smaller part 53, which can be made the partitions 25 being in place, to change the latter or modify the closure of the assembly, in the event of the addition or removal of juxtaposed modules.

 The inside of each post 3, in its tubular part 47 is filled with an insulating material 47a.

 FIG. 8 illustrates on a larger scale an assembly detail at the junction between the upper bearing frame 2 and the roof boxes, with a sealing facing 56 covered by an aluminum sheet 57 suitably folded to form a channel plumb with the facade and the corresponding panel 25. Advantageously, the sheet 57 is extended at 58 under the roof panel 46, to ensure the joining of the contiguous roof boxes arranged under this panel.

 Note the mounting at the connection between the panel 25 and the frame 2, of a metal bracket 59 for the bolting of this panel and of a foam part 60.

 Of course, the front or partition panels 25 may comprise, in a conventional manner and not illustrated in the drawing, all the openings (doors, windows, passageways, etc.) desired, according to any combination or arrangement desired.

 A constructive assembly is thus produced, the modular design of which allows, by simple dismantling operations of only a few components, any modification of the general geometry of the building, in the direction of an extension as a reduction, without having to proceed no recovery of concrete or structural work. In particular, during a horizontal extension, the upper and lower lift frames were independent from one cell to another, it is enough to dismantle the front panels by removing the fixing bolts to these frames with removal of the elements of '' and insulation, to allow to attach to a cell, another identical cell, the disassembled elements being able to be transferred from one cell to another. In this case, the posts are not split, but remain in place, the rigidity of these posts being calculated to provide support and still satisfactory stability in the maximum configuration where such a post is at the junction of four cells.

 To proceed in the same way with a vertical extension, it is enough to disassemble the roof boxes and the external facing then on the upper frame in front of the lower frame for an additional cell to mount it and replace at the upper part a new bearing frame on which the roof boxes are again arranged.

 In all cases, the flexibility and reliability of the mechanical connections used allow an optimal adaptation to the volume and to the general configuration of the desired assembly, the constructive characteristics of the components used also ensuring particularly remarkable anti-seismic qualities.

 Of course, and as follows from the above, it goes without saying that the invention is not limited to the embodiment more specifically described and shown; on the contrary, it embraces all the variants thereof, for example or by repeating the system, two stages or an elevation can be produced. In particular, the construction as generally defined above can be modified so that the upper bearing frame supports the flat boxes juxtaposed with the floor of an upper floor.

Claims (16)

1. Constructive assembly, having a general configuration comprising a lower horizontal support structure, vertical support posts for an upper structure on which a roof rests and partitioning and facade elements arranged between the posts, characterized in that it comprises an infrastructure consisting of a plurality of concrete studs (4) each resting on a load distribution slab (7), two horizontal lift frames (1 - 2), respectively upper and lower, for juxtaposed flat boxes (21 ) forming a floor and either other juxtaposed flat boxes forming the floor of an upper floor, or boxes with inclined faces (39 - 40) joined and superimposed forming the roof, vertical tubular posts (3) mounted between the two frames bearing and comprising at their ends nesting housings for connection plates (12 - 33) respectively low and high with the door frames nce and the panels (25) constituting the facade and partitioning elements, extending between the frames and a covering element covering the roof boxes. 2. Constructive assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that the concrete studs (4) have a rectangular shape with square section and comprise, in their underside, an axial boss (5), capable of engaging in a recess central (6) provided in the load distribution slabs (7). 3. Constructive assembly according to claim 2, characterized in that each slab has a facing (8) of lower conical profile to avoid its lateral displacement under load. 4. Constructive assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that each stud (4) comprises, in the vicinity of its four angles in its upper face, four threaded rods (10) embedded at one end in the concrete of the stud and projecting therefrom at their other end, for fixing on the stud a low connection plate (12). 5. Constructive assembly according to claim 4, characterized in that each lower plate (12) comprises a tubular sleeve (15) provided in the center of the plate to receive a vertical post (3). 6. Constructive assembly according to claim 4, characterized in that each stud comprises an axial duct for the mounting of a scaled concrete iron, improving the connection with the slab by pouring concrete in this duct and in the central recess of the write off. 7. Constructive assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that the lower bearing frame (2) supports a plurality of flat rectangular boxes (21) by means of a frame made up of four lateral beams (19), each having in their face directed towards the inside of the frame, a rib (20) projecting for the support of the boxes. 8. Constructive assembly according to claim 7, characterized in that the boxes (21) have a honeycomb, honeycomb or similar structure, filled with an insulating material. 9. Construction assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper bearing frame (3) also has a frame (30) consisting of four adjoining beams (31), joined in pairs by a plate (33) of high connection by means of lateral ears (32) carried by this plate and screwed or bolted to the two beams of the corresponding framework. 10. Constructive assembly according to claim 9, characterized in that each upper plate (33) comprises a tubular central element (35) extended by a nozzle (36) for engagement in the open upper end of a vertical tubular post (3 ). 11. Constructive assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that each lower plate (12) has a support plate (13) on the associated support stud (4), comprising ovalized holes (14) traversed by the threaded rods (10) of the stud, bolted to the plate, and lateral ears (17) connecting with the front and partition panels. 12. Constructive assembly according to claim l, characterized in that the roof boxes (39 - 40), supported by the upper bearing frame (2) scnt juxtaposed side by side according to the profile of the roof to be produced. 13. Constructive assembly according to claim 12, characterized in that the roof boxes correspond to two distinct profiles, depending on whether they comprise a stop of the roof or a flat inclined part thereof. 14. Constructive assembly according to claim 13, characterized in that each roof box is CQns- constituted by the assembly of wooden beams (42), joined by assembly blocks (43) interlocking, arranged at the corners of the parallelepiped profile of each box. 15. Constructive assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that the vertical tubular posts each have an internal filling of plastic foam. 16. Constructive assembly according to claim 15, characterized in that each post is associated in its outer surface with flanges, respectively male and female, capable of clamping between their extensions with the interposition of a layer of insulating material, the panels partitioning or facade attached to this post.