FR2802559A1 - PERMANENT INSULATING FORMWORK WITH JUNCTION FRAMES - Google Patents

Abstract

A permanent insulating formwork is made by stacking rows of insulating panels (2a, 2b), junction frames (1) being interposed between two superimposed rows. The junction frame (1) has the shape of a rectangle which comprises wings (16th, 16th ', 16i, 16i', 17a, 17a ', 17b, 17b') vertical at the periphery. The exterior faces of the panels are pressed against the interior faces (25e, 25i) of the wings to maintain a constant spacing between the panels. Application in the construction of concrete building walls.

Description

Permanent insulating formwork with junction frames.

  The invention relates to a permanent insulating formwork made from junction frames to make a concrete wall. It also relates to these junction frames. To make concrete walls in house or building construction, one can use a usual method which is to pour the concrete between vertical walls. These walls may be of a reusable type or of a lost type, and in this case remain in place after the concrete has been poured. These walls then have additional functions, such as thermal or sound insulation for example. In this case, the

  walls are made of insulating panels.

  Document EP-A1-0402197 discloses prefabricated formwork elements for the construction of walls. These elements consist of a pair of panels of thermally insulating material which are intended to be held parallel to one another to delimit between them a space intended to be filled with concrete. Each panel is reinforced by a horizontal stiffener, a central part of which protrudes from the internal face of the panels and has holes. Rods fitted with hooks engaged in the holes connect the stiffeners of the two panels to one another and keep them at a constant distance from one another. The stiffener has a T shape, the two wings of which fit into grooves in the horizontal edges of adjacent panels, the panels being stacked one on top of the other.

  on the others to constitute the formwork.

  This technique presents a difficulty for the treatment of angles. Indeed, the rods are provided to connect the stiffeners which are opposite. But in the corners, the stiffener of the exterior panel does not have a corresponding stiffener on the interior side, because the corresponding stiffener pitch on the interior side, because the interior panel is shorter. It is then necessary to use an external forestay to support the exterior panels in the corner. In addition, during the manufacture of the panels, it is necessary to carry out specific shaping operations on the

panels (grooving, rebate ...).

  The present invention aims to remedy these problems by proposing to produce an insulating formwork comprising two parallel walls of inexpensive panels, the implementation of which is simple and which allows the formwork of the angles and of the partition walls.

  without the need for a specific stay.

  With these objectives in view, the invention relates to a permanent insulating formwork for pouring a concrete wall, comprising two vertical parallel walls, each wall consisting of a stack of horizontal rows of respectively exterior and interior panels, a row of junction frames being interposed between two superimposed rows of panels, the junction frame comprising a pair of stiffeners each having a stiffener core and two stiffener wings, said stiffener wings extending parallel to the walls along each stiffeners and perpendicular to said stiffener webs, the horizontal edges of the panels being in abutment against the stiffeners webs, the retaining faces of the panels being in abutment against an inner face of the stiffener wings, the formwork being characterized in that the stiffeners are rigidly connected together by end struts and a plurality of intermediate struts, the two stiffeners forming a rectangle with the end struts, the end struts at least having a core and two strut wings, said strut wings extending over a central portion perpendicular to the frame on either side of said spacer core, leaving free between the spacer wings and the stiffener wings a passage distance substantially equal to the thickness of the insulating panel. Thanks to the invention, a pouring space is created between the parallel walls for pouring the concrete wall. The stiffener wings which come into abutment against the retaining face of the panels along the stiffeners prevent the panels from moving apart from one another when the concrete is poured. The panels and junction frames are the only components of the formwork, which avoids having a multitude of different parts to manage for assembly on site. They are light and easy to handle. No specific tools are required. The assembly of the formwork is

so very easy.

  The passage distance on each spacer is adjusted so as not to prevent the singing of

  panels come to bear against the core of the stiffeners.

  The intermediate spacer wings allow

  reinforce the rigidity of the intermediate spacers.

  To form a right angle, the rows of panels are extended at a right angle, while maintaining the flow space between the panels. A junction frame is arranged over the corner, the inner face of a spacer wing along the first or last spacer coming to bear against the retaining face of the outer panel perpendicular to the junction frame. Thus, as will be better understood later, this outer panel is retained by the junction frame without other accessories being used. To adjust the length of a row of junction frames between two angles, simply cut a frame to the remaining length between two complete junction frames. The length of a wall is

  therefore not linked to that of the junction frames.

  The panels used for the construction of the formwork are simple panels of insulating material such as expanded polystyrene, cut to the correct dimensions, without any other shaping operation. These panels are produced in large series and their cost is very advantageous. They will simply be cut to the correct length on site, if necessary. From one row to another in the same pair of rows, the positions of the vertical joints between the panels of a row can be arbitrary. Even if the height of the panels of the same row varies according to manufacturing tolerances, these variations are not apparent because they are masked by the wings of the stiffeners. In addition, the interposition of the junction frames between the

  rows of panels regularize these variations.

  Furthermore, the stiffener wings which extend at the level of the horizontal joints between panels constitutes a support for fixing, for example by screwing elements to be brought against the wall, such as plasterboard facing, wooden panels.

  or any type of cladding, for example sheet metal or wood.

  They also seal the formwork along the horizontal joints, which prevents it from

  produce laitance leaks when pouring concrete.

  After the concrete has been poured, the external wall can also be coated with a coating supported by a textile weft, possibly with an imitation of half-timbering by wooden strips inserted in grooves made in the insulating panels. The coating can be

  also a facing in terracotta bricks.

  According to other characteristics: - the retaining face of a panel is the outer face

of the panel.

  - The thickness of the panels and the passage distance are such that the ends of the wings of the spacers are slightly encrusted in the inner face of the panels. Thus the panels are kept without play in their position, being able neither to move away nor to be

get closer to each other.

  The invention also relates to a junction frame for inserting between two superimposed rows of insulating panels and for forming a concrete wall formwork, characterized in that it is in the form of a rectangle whose long sides are stiffeners , the short sides being end spacers, a plurality of intermediate spacers rigidly connecting the stiffeners, each of the two stiffeners having a stiffener core and two stiffener wings, the said stiffener wings extending along the stiffeners perpendicularly to the frame on either side of the stiffener core, the end spacers at least having a core and two spacer wings, said spacer wings extending over a central part perpendicular to the frame on both sides and other of said spacer core, leaving free between the spacer wings and the stiffener wings a passage distance substantially equal to the thickness of insulated panel ant. Advantageously, the junction frame is made of plastic. It is a material that does not rust and thus does not risk generating concrete bursts as in the case of uncoated and unprotected steel. In addition, the frames are very easy to cut when mounting the formwork to adjust the length of the frames, or after pouring the concrete wall. For this, you can use a manual or mechanical saw, or a cutting blade. Sheaths or conduits for electrical, water or heating networks can be easily installed before casting by passing between the spacers of the frames for example, or after casting, by grooving the panels and the parts of the

  frames not included in the concrete wall.

  Preferably, the wings of a stiffener and of one of the end spacers comprise means

  of adhesion for an external coating of the formwork.

  The invention will be better understood and other features and advantages will appear on reading

  the description which follows, the description making

  reference to the accompanying drawings, among which: - Figure 1 is a perspective view of a formwork according to the invention; - Figure 2 is a top view of a junction frame according to the invention; - Figure 3 is a view of the internal stiffener of the junction frame of Figure 2; Figure 4 is a front view of the external stiffener of the junction frame of Figure 2; - Figure 5 is a left view of the junction frame of Figure 2; - Figure 6 is a right view of the junction frame of Figure 2; - Figures 7 and 8 are plan views of two successive levels of an angle formwork according to the invention; Figures 9 and 10 are plan views of two successive levels of a formwork of the connection of a

cross wall.

  In the description which follows, elements

  similar, such as panels or junction frames which form part of a formwork, are identified by the same number suffixed by a letter

  tiny so you can tell them apart.

  The formwork shown in Figure 1 consists of the assembly of insulating panels 2 and junction frames 1. The height of the panels 2 can be between 200 and 600 mm, and their length between 0.5 and 3 m. The thickness can be from 50 to 100 mm. The panels are preferably expanded polystyrene, with a density between 25 and 30 kg / m3. It can also be polyurethane foam. The junction frames 1 are made for example of plastic material such as polypropylene, polyethylene or polystyrene. Each junction frame 1, shown in Figures 2 to 6 comprises an internal stiffener 11i and an external stiffener lle connected by five spacers 13a, 13b, 15. The first 13a and last 13b spacers, or end spacers, are arranged respectively at each end of the stiffeners lli, binds to form with them a rectangular frame. The stiffeners l1i, lile comprise, at the periphery of the rectangular frame, two stiffener wings 16e, 16e ', 16i, 16i' perpendicular to the frame and which extend on either side of a stiffener core 24e, 24i, to form a T. The end spacers 13a, 13b comprise at the periphery of the rectangular frame two spacer wings 17a, 17a ', 17b, 17b' perpendicular to the frame and which extend on either side of a core d 'spacer 14a, 14b, to form a T. These spacer wings are interrupted along the ends of the end spacers 13a, 13b over a passage distance e substantially equal to the thickness of the panels. The intermediate spacers comprise two vertical intermediate spacer wings 18 which extend on either side of an intermediate spacer core 19 to form a cross, and which are interrupted over the same passage distance e as the wings end spacer 17a, 17a ', 17b, 17b'. The spacer wings 17a, 17a ', 17b, 17b', 18 have notches 36 in a semicircle to receive

steel rebar.

  The wings of the external stiffener 11 and of the last spacer 13b comprise a plurality of notches 34 intended to improve the possibility of adhesion of a wall covering such as a coating reinforced with a frame. In addition, the surface of the wings has a graining to make them rough and therefore also improve the adhesion of a coating. The internal stiffener 11 has on the side of the last spacer 13b weakenings of the thickness of the stiffener wings 16i, 16i 'in the form of lines 20 to form pre-cuts of the wings. These precuts are intended to become the passage of panels perpendicular to the direction of the stiffeners

  for forming an angle of the formwork.

  These junction frames allow easy construction of a permanent insulating formwork according to the invention for pouring a concrete wall. To build such formwork, we proceed in the same way

  next, referring to Figure 5.

  U-shaped profiles are fixed to the ground on the support 4 of the wall, such as a sole or a slab, so as to form two healds 3i, 3e parallel. There are two parallel rows of panels 2a, 2b of insulating material on the rails 3i, 3e so that the lower edge 21a, 21b of the panels is inserted between the branches of the U-shaped profiles. The panels are arranged end to end. Between the interior faces 22a, 22b of the

  panels is created a flow space 5.

  On these two parallel rows, there is a row of junction frames 1, the stiffener core 24e, 24i of each stiffener links, l1i bearing against the upper edge 23a, 23b of the panels 2a, 2b of one of the rows of panels. The inner face 25e, 25i of the lower stiffener wings 16e, 16i is in contact with the outer face 26a, 26b of the panels along the upper edge 23a, 23b. The ends 27e, 27i of the spacer wings 17a, 17b, 18 also come to bear on the interior faces 22a, 22b of the panels 2a, 2b. This support makes it possible to maintain a constant spacing between the two parallel rows of panels. In addition, it limits the longitudinal sliding of the junction frame 1 on the panels 2a, 2b. The last spacer 13b of a junction frame 1 is arranged in contact with the first spacer 13a of the following junction frame and is linked to it by a fastener. This fastener can be a simple wire wound on the two spacers, a screw or a rivet passing through the spacer wings or any

other suitable means.

  There are then two new parallel rows of panels 2c, 2d, superimposed on the first two rows, the lower edge 21c, 21d of the panels 2c, 2d of each row coming to bear against

  the stiffener core 24e, 24i of one of the stiffeners.

  Other rows of junction frames and panels are superimposed in a similar manner to constitute two parallel walls 30e, 30i between which concrete can be poured. Optionally, depending on the desired resistance of the wall, rebar can be placed in the pouring space, the horizontal bars being able to rest on the spacers

  in the notches 36 provided for this purpose.

  The formwork thus formed can be temporarily kept vertical by stabilizers placed along the formwork at intervals of 1 to 3 m. The stabilizers comprise a vertical upright intended to be against a wall 30i, 30e of the formwork. The connection between the formwork and the stabilizer can be achieved by screws which pass through the vertical upright and a stiffener wing 16e, 16e ', 16i, 16i'. The junction frames 1 are attached to the stabilizers which give lateral stability to the formwork and which prevent the successive rows from being lifted when the concrete is poured. Once the concrete has set, the

stabilizers are removed.

  Figures 1, 7 and 8 show the method of building the formwork at a right angle between a right wall and a left wall. The right formwork 31d and left 31g respectively of a right wall and a left wall form a junction so that the outer walls 30ed, 30eg of the formwork meet at right angles and form a square. The same is true for

interior walls 30id, 30ig.

  On a first row, a first junction frame if is placed on the right formwork 31d so that the inside face of the wing of the last spacer 13f is in abutment against the outside face 26aeg of the outside panel 2ag of the left formwork, and the external lief stiffener is along the external panel 2ad of the straight formwork. The wings 16i, 16i 'of the internal stiffener llif are cut according to the precuts 20 to allow the panels 2ag, 2bg of the left formwork to pass. Another junction frame lh is arranged on the left formwork, so that one of the end spacers 13h of this junction frame lh comes into contact with the internal stiffener llif of the first junction frame If. A connection between the two junction frames is set up at this level.

  contact with the same means as described above.

  A second row of panels is arranged above

  above the first. A junction frame lk is disposed on the left form 31g, as shown in Figure 8, so that the inner face of the wing of the last spacer 13k is in abutment against the outer face 26aed of the outer panel 2aj of the formwork right 31d, and the external stiffener llek is along the external panel 2ak of the left formwork. As for the previous row, the wings of the internal stiffener llik are cut according to the precuts, and another junction frame lj is placed on the right formwork. A connection between the two junction frames is placed at this contact with the same

means as described above.

  The joining of the panels at the angle can be done by bringing the end 33 of a panel into contact with the face 32 of the adjacent panel. In this case, the junctions will be crossed from one row to another, as shown in Figure 1. The panels can also

  be joined by a miter joint.

  Figures 9 and 10 show the construction of the formwork of the junction between the formwork of a cross wall 31r and the formwork of a main wall 31p. The inner wall 30ip of the formwork panels of the main wall 31p is interrupted at the junction over a length corresponding to the pouring space 5r of the cross wall. On a first row, a first junction frame lm is placed on the formwork of the main wall 31p, as shown in Figure 9. The wings of the llim interior stiffener are cut for passage

  panels 2ar, 2br of the formwork of the dividing wall 31r.

  Another junction frame ln is arranged on the formwork of the cross wall 31r so that an end spacer 13n comes into contact with the internal stiffener Ilim of the first junction frame lm. A connection between the two junction frames lm, ln is

  performed with the same means as described above.

  On the next row of panels, a first junction frame lt is first placed on the formwork of the cross wall 31r, so that the inner face of the spacer wings 13t comes to bear against the outer face of the wall outer 26ap of the formwork of the main wall 31p, as shown in FIG. 10. The stiffener wings llet, llit of the first junction frame It are cut to allow passage of the inner wall 30ip of the formwork of the main wall 31p. Two other junction frames lq, Is are arranged on the formwork of the main wall 31p, on either side of the first junction frame lt. As before, a connection between the stiffeners of the first junction frame lt and an end spacer of the others

  junction frames lq, ls is performed.

  As with the formwork at an angle, the junction between the formwork panels of the cross wall and the interior wall of the main wall can be achieved by miter assembly or by crossing the rows. The junction frame being symmetrical with respect to the plane of the frame, it is possible to turn the junction frame over so that the last spacer and the external stiffener, which include the adhesion means, are positioned on the facade of the wall which will be exterior . If necessary, the cutting of the stiffener wings can be carried out outside the

precuts 20.

  If it is desired to make a wall with a greater thickness of insulation, the horizontal edges of the panels may have a longitudinal groove 35, so that one of the sides of the groove will constitute the retaining face. Thicker panels 2a ', 2c' are shown in Figure 5 with a part

  additional shown in phantom.

  When the concrete is poured, it exerts a strong pressure against the panels, tending to separate them from each other. The panels are held in place by the stiffener wings in contact with the retaining faces. As the stiffeners are interconnected by the spacers, the forces taken up by the stiffeners of the same junction frame cancel each other out so that the balance is maintained. At an angle, the end of the panels transmits the spacing force to a wing of the last spacer or the external stiffener. This effort is taken up by the rigidity of the junction frame and the connection of the

junction between them.

  The installation of the formwork can be carried out in several phases or over the total height of a level. We can for example mount the formwork and pour over a height corresponding to the window sill then mount the formwork higher. The formwork can also be mounted on the total height of a level. In this case, the concrete is poured using a concrete pump to prevent it from falling too high and generating pressures that could spread the walls of the formwork. The concrete is poured for example by strata 0.4 to 1 m high, spaced at least 20 minutes apart. The pressure on the lower elements is thus reduced when the concrete

has already been able to start taking.

  The finish of such a wall can be obtained on the outer wall by making a coating supported by a textile weft. On the inner wall, a plate facing can be fixed for example by screws which are screwed into the stiffener wings. It can be wood or plasterboard or any other material. The invention is not limited to the example which has just been described. For example, the retaining face may be a rebate on the outer face of the panel, so that the stiffener wings are flush with the outer face of the panel. Furthermore, it is possible to make the formwork from an angle other than a right angle. In this case, the junction frames are mitered by

example.

Claims (10)

  1. Permanent insulating formwork for pouring a concrete wall, comprising two vertical parallel walls (30e, 30i), each wall consisting of a stack of horizontal rows of respectively exterior (2a) and interior (2b) panels, a row of junction frames (1) being interposed between two superimposed rows of panels, the junction frame (1) comprising a pair of stiffeners (le, 11i) each having a stiffener core (24e, 24i) and two wings of stiffener (16th, 16th ', 16i, 16i'), said stiffener wings extending parallel to the walls along each of the stiffeners and perpendicular to said stiffener webs (24e, 24i), the horizontal edges (21a, 21b, 23a, 23b) of the panels being in abutment against the stiffeners webs (24e, 24i), retaining faces (26a, 26b) of the panels being in abutment against an inner face (25e, 25i) of the stiffener wings (16e, 16th ', 16i, 16i'), the formwork being characterized by that the stiffeners (lie, lli) are rigidly connected to each other by end spacers (13a, 13b) and a plurality of intermediate spacers (15), the two stiffeners (le, lii) forming a rectangle with the spacers end (13a, 13b), at least the end spacers (13a, 13b) having a core (14a, 14b, 19) and two spacer wings (17a, 17a ', 17b, 17b', 18) , said spacer wings extending over a central part perpendicular to the frame on either side of said spacer core (14a, 14b, 19), leaving free between the spacer wings and the stiffener wings (16th, 16th ', 16i, 16i') a passage distance (e) substantially   equal to the thickness of the insulating panel.   2. Permanent insulating formwork according to claim 1, characterized in that an external panel (2ag) of the formwork at an angle is retained by   one of the wings of an end spacer (13f).   3. Permanent insulating formwork according to claim 1, characterized in that the retaining face of a panel is the outer face of the panel (26a, 26b). 4. Permanent insulating formwork according to claim 1, characterized in that the retaining face of a panel is a face of a groove (35) made   in a horizontal edge (23a, 23b, 21c, 21d) of the panel.   5. Formwork according to claim 1, characterized in that it is held by stabilizers fixed vertically and distributed over the length of the formwork, the junction frames (1) being attached to stabilizers.   6. Junction frame (1) to fit between two superimposed rows of insulating panels (2a, 2b) and form a concrete wall formwork, characterized in that it is in the shape of a rectangle whose long sides are stiffeners (le, 11i), the short sides being end spacers (13a, 13b), a plurality of intermediate spacers (15) rigidly connecting the stiffeners, each of the two stiffeners (11e, lli) having a stiffener core (24e, 24i) and two stiffener wings (16th, 16th ', 16i, 16i'), the said stiffener wings extending along the stiffeners perpendicular to the frame on either side of the stiffener core ( 24e, 24i), the end spacers (13a, 13b) at least having a core (14a, 14b, 19) and two spacer wings (17a, 17a ', 17b, 17b', 18), said wings d 'spacer extending over a central part perpendicular to the frame on either side of said spacer core (14a, 14b, 19), leaving free entry e the spacer wings and the stiffener wings (16th, 16th ', 16i, 16i') a passage distance (e) substantially   equal to the thickness of the insulating panel.   7. Junction frame according to claim 6, characterized in that the thickness of the panels and the passage distance (e) are such that the ends (27e, 27i) of the wings of the spacers (17a, 17a ', 17b, 17b ', 18) become slightly encrusted on the inside (22a, 22b) of the panels.   8. Junction frame according to claim 6,   characterized in that it is made of plastic.   9. Junction frame according to claim 6, characterized in that the wings (16th, 16th ', 17b, 17b') of one of the stiffeners (11e) and one of the end spacers (13b) comprise means of adhesion for   an external coating of the formwork.   10. Junction frame according to claim 6, characterized in that the stiffener wings (16i, 16i ') have pre-cutouts (20) of the wings, near extremities.