WO2016046496A1

WO2016046496A1 - Building having enhanced heat insulation, method for constructing said building, and fasteners designed for implementing said method

Info

Publication number: WO2016046496A1
Application number: PCT/FR2015/052545
Authority: WO
Inventors: Serge Wrobleski
Original assignee: Alentour
Priority date: 2014-09-23
Filing date: 2015-09-23
Publication date: 2016-03-31
Also published as: FR3026121A1; FR3026121B1

Abstract

The invention relates to a building characterized in that at least one wall (P) includes at least one load-bearing inner panel assembly (1), between two posts; at least one outer wall (4) spaced apart from said inner panel assembly (1); a plurality of fasteners for pouring material (11), said fasteners each including a base portion and an anchoring rod portion having means for anchoring pouring material and extending opposite the inner panel assembly (1); and a pouring material layer (3) that has settled, after pouring, between the outer wall (4) and the inner panel assembly (1). The anchoring rod portions of said fasteners (11) are embedded in the pouring material layer (3). The pouring material contributes to heat insulation and enables the inner panel assembly (1)/outer wall (4) structure to become one piece. The invention also relates to a method for constructing the building and to the fasteners (11) designed for said method.

Description

BUILDING WITH IMPROVED THERMAL INSULATION, METHOD OF CONSTRUCTING THE SAME BUILDING AND STAPLES DESIGNED FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF SAID METHOD

The present invention relates to the field of buildings and relates more particularly to a building with improved thermal insulation, a construction method of said building and staples designed for the implementation of said method.

The walls of a building typically include a load-bearing wall against which thermal insulation is applied. There are two main techniques for thermal insulation of the walls: thermal insulation from the inside and thermal insulation from the outside.

In the case of thermal insulation from the inside, the thermal insulation is arranged against the inner face of the load-bearing wall, with the laying of an inner facing, the outer face of the load-bearing wall being generally coated with a coating of facade.

In the case of thermal insulation from the outside, the thermal insulation is disposed against the outer face of the load-bearing wall, with the application of an external cladding, cladding, etc.

In France, the energy performance level of a building must comply with the 2012 Thermal Regulation (RT), which imposes a ceiling for the primary energy consumption of the building. This must ensure that the walls have sufficient thermal resistance, while reducing thermal bridges and ensuring excellent airtightness. This new regulation leads to a generalization of insulation from the outside, which would be the best solution to eliminate the majority of thermal bridges.

However, the exterior insulation techniques known to the applicant all pose a problem of protection of the thermal insulation with respect to rain, moisture, shocks, etc.

Moreover, the applicant has identified a major difficulty, not obvious and not yet raised by professionals, which stems from the fact that the insulation from the outside consists in forming a real insulation around the frame, with in particular a watertight seal. air, and that leads to a real problem of evacuation of water from the activity of the building. This water should normally be removed by controlled mechanical ventilation, but the latter is used to obtain a good thermal efficiency, and not to regulate the hydrometry inside the building. This poor evacuation of water leads to a degradation of the thermal insulation. Indeed, thermal insulators are generally biodegradable by nature or have been made biodegradable, and therefore sensitive to moisture. The humidity of the indoor air will therefore cause the thermal insulation to degrade and rot over the years.

There is therefore a need for a thermal insulation solution of the building walls to obtain sufficient thermal resistance, reduce thermal bridges and ensure excellent airtightness, while avoiding the risk of degradation of thermal insulation due to weather conditions, shocks and humidity.

For this purpose, is proposed according to the present invention a building, comprising a plurality of walls delimiting the interior space of the building, characterized in that at least one wall comprises:

at least one inner panel assembly, carrying a rectangular shape and having an inner face intended to be located on the interior space of the building, and an opposite outer face, the or each inner panel assembly extending between two poles, the two vertical edges of the or each inner panel assembly extending in sealing manner against a respective one of the two posts;

at least one outer wall, of rectangular shape, situated on the outer face of the at least one inner panel assembly and at a distance from said outer face;

several staples known as pouring material, each comprising a base portion from which at least one anchor rod portion carrying casting material anchoring means extends, said fasteners for casting material being fixed in position directly or indirectly vis-a-vis the at least one interior panel assembly, with said anchor rod portions extending opposite the at least one interior panel assembly; and

a layer of casting material which has, after casting, between the outer wall and the inner panel assembly (s), the anchor rod portions of the casting material staples embedded in the casting material layer, the material of casting participating in the thermal insulation and making monolithic structure together (s) panel (s) inside (s) / wall (s) outside (s).

"Pouring material" means any material that is likely to be poured or poured into place and then render the entire structure monolithic interior panel (s) / wall (s) or, as set out below, the structure (s) interior panel (s) / thermal insulation layer / wall (s) outside (s). Examples of casting material are hydraulic materials, composite materials, which may be expansive, such as polyurethane foam.

By "hydraulic material" is meant any material that hardens by chemical reaction with water. Thus, it will be possible to use, as hydraulic material, concrete, gypsum slurry, lime, etc. Preferably, the hydraulic material is foam concrete, single-component or multi-component. Foamed concrete has the advantage of being a good thermal insulator.

According to a first particular embodiment of the present invention, said at least one wall further comprises:

a thermal insulation layer extending against the outer face of the or each inner panel assembly; and

a plurality of scratch clasps known as heat insulators, integral with the at least one inner panel assembly, each comprising a base portion applied against the outer face of the or an inner panel assembly and from which extends, opposite said inside panel assembly, at least one attachment rod portion carrying claws oriented towards said base portion, the claws being engaged in the thermal insulation layer,

each fastener for casting material further comprising a fastening rod portion extending from the base portion, opposite the anchor portion, the fastening fastener portion having grippers directed to the base part, the staples for casting material being integral with the thermal insulating layer, with the base parts applied against the outer face of the thermal insulating layer and the claws of the fastening rod parts engaged in the layer of thermal insulation while the anchor rod parts are embedded in the casting material,

whereby the casting material makes the entire structure (s) internal panel (s) / thermal insulation layer / outer wall (s) monolithic.

The thermal insulation claw staples may be attached to an inner panel assembly by at least one screw penetrating the inner panel assembly through a corresponding screw hole in the base portions of said staples.

Alternatively, the thermal insulation claw clips may each comprise a threaded shank extending from the base portion, opposite to the shank portion, the threaded shank being threaded into a threaded hole of a prisoner coupler of the inner panel assembly.

Preferably, the thermal insulation is mineral wool, preferably high density, especially glass wool or rock wool.

According to a second particular embodiment of the present invention, the layer of casting material extends against the outer face of the or each inner panel assembly and against the inner face of the or each outer wall, the staples for casting material. are integral with the or an inner panel assembly, the base portions of said staples being applied against the outer face of said inner panel assembly, and staples for casting material additional, each comprising a base portion from which extends at least one anchor rod portion carrying casting material anchoring means, are directly integral with the outer wall or walls, the base portions of said staples being applied against the inner face of the outer wall (s) and the anchor rod portions being embedded in the layer of casting material.

According to a variant of the second embodiment, the layer of casting material extends against the outer face of the or each inner panel assembly and against the inner face of the or each outer wall, and the staples for casting material are staples called spacers, each comprising:

two staple elements each comprising a base portion and an anchor rod portion carrying anchoring means, one of the staple elements being directly integral with an inner panel assembly while the other staple element is directly secured to the wall; exterior facing said inner panel assembly, with the base portion applied against the respective one of the inner panel assembly and the outer wall and the anchor rod portions aligned with each other; - Two thermal break plates facing each other, each connected to the anchor rod portion of a respective staple member by first connecting means; and

at least two connecting bolts connecting the two thermal break plates to one another by cooperation with second means for connecting the thermal break plates, the stem parts, the thermal break plates and the connecting bolts being embedded in the layer of casting material.

Preferably, for each spacer staple, the free ends of the anchor rod portions of the staple elements are threaded and each thermal break plate is clamped between two nuts screwed onto the threaded free end of the anchor rod portion of the respective staple element.

In the second embodiment, and the variant indicated above, the staples for casting material, and if necessary the staple elements of the spacer staples, can be attached to an inner panel assembly or an outer wall by at least one screw penetrating the inner panel assembly or the outer wall by passing through a corresponding screw hole in the base portions of said staples or staples. Alternatively, the staples for casting material, and optionally the staple members of the spacer staples, may each comprise a threaded rod extending from the base portion, opposite the anchor rod portion, the threaded rod being screwed into a threaded hole of a coupler captive of the inner panel assembly or the outer wall.

In the first embodiment, the second embodiment and its variant indicated above, the base parts and rods of the staples for casting material, and if necessary claw clips for insulating material and staple elements of the spacer staples. , are preferably formed in one piece by a metal core coated with a composite or plastic material forming the anchoring means, where appropriate the claws. The at least one interior panel assembly, and preferably also the at least one exterior wall, may be of reinforced concrete.

The building may comprise a ground floor and at least one floor having a reinforced concrete floor and resting on the upper edges of interior panel assemblies and post tops, each post being integral with the floor that it supports or on which it is supported by a vertical coupler trapped in said post and said floor, the couplers being out of contact with the frames of the inner panel assemblies and the floors.

Preferably, the or each inner panel assembly, where appropriate delimiting the interior space of the ground floor of the building, rests on an elongated block of concrete forming a wall riser, having a horizontal and flat upper surface on which is supporting the lower edge of an inner panel assembly, and a horizontal lower surface including flat portions, whereby the wall riser block bears against the base plate of the building, and preferably also transverse grooves ranging from one side to the other of the wall riser block so as to form, with said base plate, openings for the passage of cables, tubes and the like.

The present invention also relates to a method of constructing a building as defined above, characterized in that it comprises the steps of:

placing at least one inner panel assembly between two posts, with the vertical edges of the or each inner panel assembly extending in sealing manner against a respective one of the two posts; laying, on the outer face of the at least one interior panel assembly, at least one outer wall, providing a clearance between the inner face of the outer wall and the inner panel assembly (s), wherein a plurality of casting material staples have been arranged for that the anchor rod portions extend into said free space; and

pouring a casting material into at least a portion of said free space, the casting material trapping the anchor rod parts, the casting material, after casting, participating in the thermal insulation and rendering the whole structure monolithic ( s) interior panel (s) / exterior wall (s).

When it is for the construction of a building according to the first embodiment, the method according to the present invention may comprise, before the step of laying the outer wall or walls:

a step of placing a thermal insulating layer against the outer face of the inner panel assembly or assemblies, the outer face from which the attachment rod portions of several claws for claws for thermal insulation extend; and

a step of fixing, to the outer face of the thermal insulation layer, several staples for casting material, with the base parts applied against the outer face of the thermal insulation layer and the claws of the hanging rod parts. engaged in the thermal insulation layer,

the free space in which the casting material is poured then being formed between the outer wall (s) and the thermal insulating layer, the anchor rod portions of the casting material staples being embedded in the casting material, and the casting material, after casting, making the whole structure (s) inner panel (s) / thermal insulation layer / exterior wall (s) monolithic.

The method may comprise, after the step of laying the at least one inner panel assembly and before the step of laying the thermal insulation layer, a fixing step on the outer face of the inner panel assembly or panels. , several claw clasps for thermal insulation.

The step of laying the at least one inner panel assembly may comprise, for the or each inner panel assembly, a first sub-step of laying a first pole, a second sub-step of installing the panel assembly. interior, with a vertical edge the inner panel assembly extending against the first pole, and a third sub-step of laying a second pole so that the other vertical edge the inner panel assembly extends against the second pole.

When the method is for the construction of a building according to the second embodiment or its variant, the step of laying at least one outer wall may include the installation of at least one outer wall with the parts of the rods. anchoring multiple staples for casting material or a plurality of staple staple clips extending into the free space into which the casting material will be cast.

The present invention also relates to a staple for casting material, designed for the implementation of the method as defined above, characterized in that it comprises a base portion from which extends at least one anchor rod portion carrying means for anchoring casting material. When it is for the implementation of the method for the construction of a building according to the first embodiment, the clip may further comprise a hooking rod portion extending from the base portion, the opposite side. at the anchor rod portion, the hooking rod portion having claws oriented towards the base portion.

When it is for the implementation of the method for the construction of a building according to the variant of the second embodiment, the staple being said spacer staple, it may comprise two staple elements, two thermal break plates and at least two connecting bolts for connecting the thermal break plates to each other, each clip element comprising a base portion and an anchor rod portion carrying anchoring means, one of the clip elements being intended to be made directly integral with an inner panel assembly while the other clip element is intended to be made directly integral with the outer wall opposite to said inner panel assembly, with the base portion applied against that respective of the inner panel assembly and the outer wall and the anchor rod parts aligned with each other, the thermal rupture plates each having, on the one hand, first connecting means to the anchoring rod portion of a respective staple member and secondly connecting means to the two connecting bolts, said first and second connecting means being such that the thermal rupture plates are able to be placed facing each other once the latter connected to the respective clip element and connected to each other by the two connecting bolts. Preferably, the free ends of the anchor rod portions of the staple members are threaded and said first connecting means are formed, for each thermal break plate, through a through hole in the center of the thermal break plate, whereby the plate thermal break is adapted to be threaded on the threaded free end of an anchor rod portion, and by two nuts to be screwed onto said threaded free end, on either side of the thermal break plate, to tighten the latter.

The present invention also relates to a clip for thermal insulation, designed for the implementation of the method for the construction of a building according to the first embodiment, the clip being said claw clip, characterized in that it comprises a base portion from which extends at least a hooking rod portion with claws oriented towards the base portion.

Preferably, the base and rod, anchoring or hooking parts, staples for casting material or for thermal insulation are formed in one piece by a metal core coated with a composite or plastic material forming the means for anchoring or claws.

To better illustrate the object of the present invention, will be described hereinafter several particular embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawing.

In this drawing: Figures 1 and 2 are sectional views, respectively vertical and horizontal, through a panel of walls according to the first embodiment of the present invention; - Figure 3 is a vertical sectional view, at posts, of the region where is the slab of separation between the ground floor and the first floor; Figures 4 and 5 are views similar to Figures 1 and 2, a portion of a wall according to the second embodiment of the present invention; - Figures 6 and 7 are views similar to Figures 4 and 5, a portion of a wall according to the variant of the second embodiment; Figures 8 and 9 are views respectively in perspective and in longitudinal section of a clip for thermal insulation, so-called short; Figure 10 is a perspective view of a so-called long thermal insulation clip; Figures 11 and 12 are views respectively in perspective and in longitudinal section, a clip for hydraulic material designed for the implementation of the construction method of a building according to the first embodiment;

13 is a perspective view of a variant of the so-called short thermal insulation clip of FIGS. 8 and 9, and of its associated coupler; Figure 14 is a longitudinal sectional view of a spacer clip in position between an inner panel assembly and an outer wall; Figures 15 to 21 are perspective views of a building being constructed in accordance with the method of the present invention; Figure 22 is a perspective view of a skirting block; and Figure 23 is a vertical sectional view of the wall according to the first embodiment, during casting of the hydraulic material.

With reference to FIGS. 1 to 3, it can be seen that there are shown in part two walls P according to the first particular embodiment of the present invention, and that the walls P have a sandwich-type structure comprising each, from the inside to the outside, an inner panel assembly 1, a thermal insulation layer 2, a layer of hydraulic material 3 and an outer wall 4. The bottom wall P, which delimits the ground floor, pavement of the building, is based on a base plate 5 of concrete, while the wall P of the top rests on a concrete slab 6 forming part of the floor of the first floor, and on a belt 31 of concrete chaining.

The inner panel assembly 1 is in the form of a one-piece panel and here consists of a reinforced concrete panel 7 having a free face constituting the free face of the inner panel assembly 1, turned towards the inside. the interior of the building, and an opposite face in the majority of which has been arranged a reservation in which was poured foam concrete to obtain a layer of foam concrete 8 forming the outer face lb, flat, of the inner panel assembly 1. This layer of foam concrete 8 participates in the thermal insulation of the wall P. It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to a particular internal structure for the inner panel assembly 1 could have another internal structure, and be for example a simple reinforced concrete panel.

The thermal insulation layer 2 is a layer of mineral wool, such as rock wool or glass wool, and has an inner face 2a, applied against the outer face 1b of the inner panel assembly 1, and an opposite outer face 2b. The thermal insulation layer 2 covers the entire surface of the outer face 1b of the inner panel assembly 1.

Preferably, high density mineral wool will be used.

The layer of hydraulic material 3 is a layer of foam concrete (or "cellular concrete"), cast between the outer face 2b of the thermal insulation layer 2 and the inner face 4a of the outer wall 4.

The outer wall 4 consists of a reinforced concrete panel. It can extend between two posts 30.

The thicknesses of the inner panel assembly 1, the thermal insulation layer 2, the hydraulic material layer 3 and the exterior wall 4 are defined on a case-by-case basis, particularly as a function of the desired thermal insulation performance, in particular taking into account, for example, the location of the building, the exposure of the wall, etc.

The thermal insulation layer 2 is attached to the inner panel assembly 1 by short and long thermal claw clasps 10, which will be described in more detail below with reference to Figures 8 to 10. The thermal insulation layer 2 is also made integral with the foam concrete of the layer 3, during the taking of the latter, by the hydraulic material clips 11, called "double staples", which will be described in more detail below. after, with reference to Figures 11 to 13.

The staples 9, 10 and 11 are staggered so that the attachment of the thermal insulation layer 2 to the inner panel assembly 1 and the anchoring of the foam concrete of the layer 3 are uniform.

Referring particularly to Figure 3, it can be seen that a coupler 12 extends upward from the top of a lower pole 13, in which a portion of the coupler 12 is trapped, for connection With the concrete slab 6. Similarly, a coupler 12 extends downwardly from the base of the upper post 14 for connection with the slab 6. It is emphasized here that the couplers 12 are arranged so that they are not in contact with the reinforcement of the concrete panel 7, or with the reinforcement 6a of the concrete slab 6, so as to thus prevent the different reinforcements of the concrete slabs, together interior panels, plate basic, do not create a Faraday cage preventing electromagnetic waves from coming out of the building.

Referring now to FIGS. 4 and 5, it can be seen that there is shown a wall PI according to the second particular embodiment of the present invention, and that the wall PI has a sandwich-type structure comprising, from inside to outside, an inner panel assembly 15, a layer of hydraulic material 16 and an outer wall 4. The wall PI, which here delimits the ground floor of the building, rests on a base plate 5 in concrete. The inner panel assembly 15 consists of a simple reinforced concrete panel and the outer wall 4 is similar to that of the first embodiment.

The layer of hydraulic material 16 is, like the layer 3, a layer of foam concrete. The inner panel assembly 13 and the outer wall 4 are anchored to the foam concrete by so-called staggered anchoring staples 17, which will be described in more detail below, with reference to Figures 11 to 13.

In other words, the wall PI according to the second embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that the foam concrete completely fills the space between the inner panel assembly 15 and the outer wall 4, without interposing the thermal insulation layer 2.

According to a wall variant P2 of the second embodiment, shown in Figures 6 and 7, the inner panel assembly 15 and the outer wall 4 are anchored to the foam concrete not by simple anchoring clips 17, but by staples. said spacers 18, which will be described in more detail below, with reference to Figure 15.

The variant of the second embodiment will be chosen, rather than the second embodiment, when the spacing between the outer wall and the inner panel assembly and the height of the wall are greater, and that bracing is necessary.

In the two embodiments above, and the variant of the second embodiment, the wall P, PI, P2 according to the present invention is made monolithic by the layer of foam concrete, which allows on the one hand to create a thermal inertia on the whole of the wall P, PI, P2, and, on the other hand, to avoid the formation of any free space air where moisture could interfere. The thermal insulation layer, when present, will not degrade over time and the thermal performance of the wall will be preserved.

Referring now to Figures 8 and 9, it can be seen that a short claw clip 9 is formed by a metal core 9a consisting of a rod 9b having a pointed end and at its other end a disk 9c. secured to the rod 9b. Plastic or composite material 9d is overmolded on the metal core 9a, forming two reinforcing ribs 9e extending from a base portion 9f, corresponding to the disk 9c, to a rod portion 9g, corresponding to the rod 9b, and forming, on each side of the rod portion 9g, in the end region of the latter, two series of claws 9h pointed free end, oriented towards the base portion 9f and belonging to the same plane. Finally, two screw holes 9i are formed through the base portion 9f for screwing the clip 9 onto a support.

As can be seen in Figure 10, the long claw clip 10 differs from the short claw clip 9 only in that the shank portion 10a is longer than the shank portion 9g, the base portion 10b being identical at the base part 9f.

Referring again to FIGS. 1 and 2, it will be appreciated that the short claw staples 9 are secured against the outer face 1b of the inner panel assembly 1 in the areas (the borders) where the panel 7 is directly in contact with the thermal insulation layer 2. In contrast, the long claw staples are disposed through the foam concrete layer 8, so that the portion of the stem portion 10a that does not bear claws 10c is in the concrete layer 8, while the end bearing the claws 10c is in the thermal insulation layer 2. To do this, we apply the base portions 10b against the bottom of the reservation formed in the outer face of the panel 7, then fixed by screwing screws through the screw holes lOd, and finally poured the foam concrete layer 8.

In both cases, the claws 9h and 10c, by their orientation, as well as thanks to the pointed free end of the shaft portion 9g, 10a, allow easy penetration of the staples 9, 10 in the thermal insulation layer 2 but prevent detachment of the latter by pulling away from the inner panel assembly 1, the thermal insulation layer 2 being literally hooked to the claws 9h, 10c.

Referring now to FIGS. 11 to 13, it can be seen that a double clip for hydraulic material 11 is externally in the form of a short claw clip 9 (and thus comprises a rod portion 11a, bearing claws 11c, and a base portion 11b), except that it comprises an additional rod portion 11d, said anchoring, extending on the other side of the base portion 11b. The anchor rod portion 11d carries in its free end region anchoring means formed by four pairs of anchoring teeth lying extending from the circumference of the anchor rod portion 11d, each pair being angularly offset by 90 ° with respect to the two neighboring pairs. The anchoring teeth lie are in the form of rectangular triangle-shaped prisms, oriented so that their tip is free end side of the anchor rod part 11d and thus have a vertical face 11f turned towards the base portion 11b. As for the staples 9 and 10, the double staple 11 is formed by a metal core 11g, formed of a rod in the central region of which is placed a disc, and a llh coating overmolded on the core 11g and forming the claws 11c and the anchoring teeth lie.

As can be seen in Figures 1 to 3, the double clip 11 serves to secure the thermal insulation layer 2 to the foam concrete layer 3: the shaft portion 11a, used for attachment, is firstly pressed into the outer face of the thermal insulation layer 2 until the base portion 11b comes against said outer face, with the claws 11c preventing a stall and the anchor rod portion 11d protruding into the free space in which the foam concrete is poured. During the casting of the latter, the thermal insulation 2 is held in position against the inner panel assembly 1 by the staples 9 and 10 and the anchor rod portions 11d are embedded in the foam concrete layer 3. Thus, after setting of the foam concrete, the thermal insulation is held in position, and thus preventing collapse or settling, etc., both by the staples 9 and 10 on one side and by the double staples 11 on the other side.

As indicated above, the clips 9 and 10 can be fixed to a support (panel 7 or outer wall 4) by screwing. Alternatively, as can be seen in Figure 14, in a short claw clip variant 19, the screw holes may be replaced by a threaded rod 19c extending from the base portion 19b, opposite to the hooking rod portion 19a. The staple 19 is screwed, by its threaded rod 19c, into a coupler 20 that has previously been made prisoner of its support (panel 7, layer of foam concrete 8 or outer wall 4), for example by drowning it during the casting. The coupler 20 is cylindrical and has a threaded blind hole 20a opening on the surface of the support in which the coupler 20 is trapped.

In the second embodiment, the inner panel assembly 15 and the outer wall 4 are anchored to the foam concrete layer 16 by simple anchoring staples 17. These staples 17, not shown in detail, are identical to the staples. claws 9 short, except that the two sets of claws 9h are replaced by four pairs of anchoring teeth similar to the anchoring teeth binds the double clip 11. Again, the simple anchoring clips 17 may be fixed against the inner panel assembly 15 or the outer wall 4 by screwing, or by cooperation of a threaded rod and a coupler in a manner similar to the variant illustrated in FIG. 14.

Finally, referring to FIG. 15, it can be seen that a spacer staple 18 comprises two staple elements 21, two thermal rupture plates 22 and two connecting bolts 23.

Each staple element 21 is formed of a rod portion 21a carrying, at mid-length, anchor anchoring means lie, and a base portion 21b applied either against the outer wall 4, or against the internal panel assembly 15, and fixed to the latter by screws 24. It may substitute for fixing by screwing, fixing by threaded rod and coupler, on the principle shown in Figure 14. The free end of the stem portion 21a is threaded.

Each plate 22 has in the center a through hole through which it is threaded onto the threaded end of a rod portion 21a, after screwing a first nut 24 and before screwing a second nut 24 which will tighten the plate 22 and fix it in position on the part stem 21a. On each side of said through-hole, at the top and at the bottom, are provided through holes for the passage of the connecting bolts 23, a nut 26 being screwed onto the free end of each bolt 23, so that the two plates 22 are held between one side the heads of the bolts 23 and the other side the nuts 26.

The spacer clips 18 will be disposed along the vertical edges of the outer wall 4 and the inner panel assembly 15 so that the operators can access it.

Reference will now be made, with reference to FIGS. 16 to 24, to a part of the construction method of a building according to the present invention.

Excavation, laying of foundations and pouring of a concrete base plate 5 will first be carried out to obtain a support for laying the walls, as shown in FIG. planned departures of reinforcing bars 27 at the locations where the studs of the walls will be.

Substrate blocks (and possibly also skirting boards) 28, prefabricated along the edges of the baseplate 5, are then placed between said reinforcing bars 27. Referring to FIG. see that the blocks forming wall risers 28 are elongated blocks generally parallelepiped soft concrete type foam concrete, lean concrete or lightened concrete, so as to facilitate drilling and bleeding due to the low hardness of the material. Each block 28 has a flat upper face 28a and an opposite lower face having flat surfaces 28b, by which the block 28 bears on the base plate, separated by grooves 28c through which cables, tubes, , etc. Furthermore, vertical grooves 28d are provided at each end of the block 28. Finally, there will be advantageously provided horizontal lines forming marks, engraved or marked in one of the vertical faces of the block 28, a 28e to locate the finished floor, one 28f for hydraulic screed and the other 28g for insulation. We can also provide round pins 28h for catches, etc.

These blocks forming wall extensions 28, in addition to its possible technical function for passage of cables, etc., not only make it easier to install the building (squareness, stability, etc.), but also to use interior panels 1 of lower height while maintaining the same final height for the wall, and therefore to use interior panels of road gauge, which greatly facilitates the transport operation.

Concrete blocks 29 are then cast in place at the locations of the bars 27 between the blocks 28, leaving a reservation for a coupler for each cast concrete block, as can be seen in FIG. 18.

Then, for each inner panel assembly 1, a first post 13 is mounted on a corresponding block 29, with coupler connection, and then the inner panel assembly 1 on a wall riser 28, and a second post 13 along the wall. the other vertical edge of the inner panel assembly 1, on another block 29. It may be emphasized here that the length of the inner panel assemblies 1 is equal to that of the wall-forming blocks 28 and that openings may be provided in some interior panels 1 for example in anticipation of the installation of windows, doors, windows, etc., as can be seen in Figure 19.

After all the interior panel assemblies 1 of the ground floor's P walls have been erected (Figure 19), concrete slabs 6 (Figure 20) are placed on which concrete is poured to obtain the floor of the first floor ( Figure 21).

The procedure is then carried out as for the ground floor, except that no wall raising blocks 28 are provided to obtain the load-bearing framework of the building, as shown in FIG. 22.

Depending on the embodiment chosen for the insulation of the building, we will fix the appropriate staples on the outer face of the inner panel assemblies 1, if necessary we will lay a layer of thermal insulation 2 against said sets 1, then we the outer walls will be disposed at a distance from said assemblies 1 or layers of thermal insulation 2, with prior fixing of the appropriate clips to the outer wall and, where appropriate, to the thermal insulation layer 2, before pouring the hydraulic material into the free space.

Preferably, for the casting of the hydraulic material, said pressure casting will be carried out, consisting in placing in the free space a pipe opening into the lower region of said free space and pumping the foam concrete so that it exits the pipe in said lower region and rise as shown in Figure 24.

As is apparent from the foregoing, the present invention has the following advantages:

optimization of the thermal inertia, which is found in the totality of the mass of the wall: inside the building, smoothing temperatures, by storage thermal, and improvement of the comfort of the habitat; outside, limiting the temperature variations of the façade and regulating thermal shocks;

perfect and definitive sealing, thanks to the monolithic wall, in one piece;

staggered arrangement of the various staples, added to the fact that the staples are not through (ie they do not pass through the support on which they are attached), avoids the formation of thermal bridges, so no point dew;

- insulation from the outside, which eliminates thermal bridges;

thermal bridges that are non-existent and can not be reconstructed, because the degradations of the thermal insulation, supported by the clips and protected by the layer of hydraulic material, are prevented;

- the mineral materials used are rot-proof, non-combustible and have low VOC emissions; absence of pests (mold, insects, rodents, bacteria, fungi);

- construction free of all internal pollution, due to the use of natural materials;

construction that is fire resistant and non-flammable; control and validation of the various stages of construction without the need for complete completion of the house, airtightness, waterproofness;

high quality of sound insulation;

speed of assembly and possibility of disassembly; and no facade plaster, if using a decorative concrete exterior wall with expansion joints.

The solution according to the present invention, exposed above, thanks to its wall with high thermal inertia due to the monolithic mass of the wall, is particularly suitable for energy-efficient homes, which are bioclimatic and thus require the storage of energy inside the house, and therefore good thermal inertia. The present invention is therefore the best alternative for bioclimatic houses with high thermal inertia.

It is understood that the particular embodiments which have just been described have been given for information only and not limiting and that modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1 - Building, comprising a plurality of walls delimiting the interior space of the building, characterized in that at least one wall (P; PI; P2) comprises:

- At least one inner panel assembly (1; 15), carrier, of rectangular shape and having an inner face (la), intended to be on the inner side of the building, and an outer face (lb) opposite, the or each set inner panel (1;

15) extending between two posts (13, 14), the two vertical edges of the or each inner panel assembly (1; 15) sealingly extending against a respective one of the two posts (13, 14);

- at least one outer wall (4), rectangular in shape, located on the outer face side (lb) of the inner panel assembly (1; 15) and spaced from said outer face (lb);

several staples known as pouring material (11;

17; 18), each comprising a base portion (11b; 21b) from which at least one anchor rod portion (11d; 21a) carries casting material anchoring means (11e), said staples casting material (11; 17; 18) being secured in position, directly or indirectly, to the at least one inner panel assembly (1; 15) with said anchor rod portions (11d; 21a); extending opposite the at least one interior panel assembly (1; 15); and

- a layer of casting material (3; 16) which, after casting, between the outer wall (4) and the inner panel assembly (1; 15), the anchor rod portions (11d, 21a); staples for material casting (11; 17; 18) being embedded in the layer of casting material (3; 16), the casting material participating in the thermal insulation of the wall (P; PI; P2) and making the structure monolithic together ( s) interior panel (s) (1; 15) / exterior wall (s) (4).

2 - Building according to claim 1, characterized in that said at least one wall (P) further comprises:

a layer of thermal insulation (2) extending against the outer face (1b) of the or each inner panel assembly (1); and

a plurality of thermal insulation claw clasps (9, 10, 19) integral with the at least one interior panel assembly (1), each comprising a base portion (9f,

10b, 19b) applied against the outer face (1b) of the or an inner panel assembly (1) and from which extends, opposite said inner panel assembly (1), at least one rod portion hooking (9g, 10a, 19a) carrying claws (9h, 10c) oriented towards said base portion (9f, 10b, 19b), the claws (9h, 10c) being engaged in the thermal insulation layer (2) ,

each casting material clip (11) further comprising a hooking rod portion (11a) extending from the base portion (11b), opposite to the anchor pin portion (11d), the stem portion fastener (11a) carrying claws (11c) facing towards the base portion (11b), the fasteners for casting material (11) being integral with the thermal insulating layer (2), with the base portions (11b) applied against the outer face (2b) of the thermal insulation layer (2) and the claws (11c) of the hooking rod portions (11a) engaged in the thermal insulation layer (2) while the anchor rod portions (11d) are embedded in the casting material, whereby the casting material makes the structure monolithic together inner panel (s) (1) / thermal insulation layer (2) / exterior wall (s) (4).

3 - Building according to claim 2, characterized in that the clip claws for thermal insulation (9, 10) are attached to an inner panel assembly (1) by at least one screw penetrating into the inner panel assembly (1) passing through a corresponding screw hole (9i, 10d) in the base portions (9f, 10b) of said staples (9, 10).

4 - Building according to claim 2, characterized in that the clip claws for thermal insulation (19) each comprise a threaded rod (19c) extending from the base portion (19b), the opposite side to the stem portion hook (19a), the threaded rod (19c) being screwed into a threaded hole (20a) of a coupler (20) trapped in the inner panel assembly (1).

5 - Building according to one of claims 2 to

4, characterized in that the thermal insulation (2) is mineral wool, preferably high density, especially glass wool or rock wool.

6 - Building according to claim 1, characterized in that the layer of casting material (3) extends against the outer face of the or each inner panel assembly (15) and against the inner face of the or each outer wall (4) in that the casting material staples (17) are directly integral with the or an inner panel assembly (15), the base portions of said staples (17) being applied against the outer face of said inner panel assembly (15), and in that staples for casting material (17) additional, each comprising a base portion from which extends at least one anchor rod portion carrying means for anchoring casting material, are directly integral with the outer wall or walls (4) the base portions of said staples (17) being applied against the inner face of the outer wall (s) (4) and the anchor rod portions being embedded in the layer of casting material (16).

7 - Building according to claim 1, characterized in that the layer of casting material (16) extends against the outer face of the or each inner panel assembly (15) and against the inner face of the or each outer wall (4), and in that the staples for casting material (18) are staples called struts (18), each comprising:

two staples (21) each comprising a base portion (21b) and an anchor rod portion (21a) carrying anchoring means, one of the staples (21) being directly integral with an inner panel assembly ( 15) while the other staple member (21) is directly integral with the outer wall (4) opposite to said inner panel assembly (1), with the base portion (21b) applied against the respective one of the inner panel assembly (15). and the outer wall (4) and the anchor rod portions (21a) aligned with each other;

- Two thermal break plates (22) facing each other, each connected to the anchor rod portion (21a) of a respective staple member (21) by first connecting means; and

at least two connecting bolts (23) connecting the two thermal break plates (22) to each other by means of cooperation with second means for connecting the thermal rupture plates (22),

the rod portions (21a), the thermal break plates (22) and the connecting bolts (23) being embedded in the casting material layer (16).

8 - Building according to claim 7, characterized in that, for each spacer clip (18), the free ends of the anchor rod portions (21a) of the clip elements (21) are threaded and each thermal break plate (22). ) is clamped between two nuts (25) screwed onto the threaded free end of the anchor rod portion (21a) of the respective clip member (21).

9 - Building according to one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that the staples for casting material (17; 18), and where appropriate the staple elements (21) of the staples spacer (18), are fixed to an inner panel assembly (15) or an outer wall (4) by at least one screw (24) penetrating the inner panel assembly (15) or outer wall (4) through a corresponding screw hole in the interior panel assembly (15). base portions (21b) of said staples (17) or staple members (21).

10 - Building according to one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that the staples for casting material, and if necessary the staple elements of the spacer staples, each comprise a threaded rod extending from the base portion opposite side to the anchor rod portion, the threaded rod being screwed into a threaded hole of a captive coupler of the inner panel assembly or the outer wall.

11 - Building according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the base portions (9f, 10b; 11b; 19b; 21b) and rods (9g; 10a; 11a, 11d; 19a; 21a) staples for casting material (11; 17; 18), and where appropriate claw clips for insulating material (9, 10, 19) and staple members (21) of the spacer staples (18), are formed in one piece by a metal core (9a; 11g) coated with a composite or plastic material (9d; 11h) forming the anchoring means (lie), where appropriate the claws (9h, 10c, 11c).

12 - Building according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the casting material is a hydraulic material, preferably foam concrete.

13 - Building according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the or the inner panel assemblies (1; 15), and preferably also the outer walls or (4), are reinforced concrete.

14 - Building according to claim 13, characterized in that it comprises a ground floor and at least one floor whose floor (6) is reinforced concrete and rests on the upper edges of inner panel assemblies (1). ) and the pole tops (13), each post (13, 14) being integral with the floor (6) which it supports or on which it is supported, by a vertical coupler (12) trapped in said post (13, 14) and said floor (6), the couplers (12) being out of contact with the frames (6a) of the inner panel assemblies (1; 15) and the floors (6).

15 - Building according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the or each inner panel assembly (1; 15), where appropriate delimiting the interior space of the ground floor of the building, is based on a an elongated concrete block forming a wall riser (28) having a flat, horizontal upper face (28a) on which the lower edge of a set is supported; an inner panel (1; 15), and a lower horizontal face (28b) comprising flat portions, by which the wall raising block (28) bears on the base plate (5) of the building, and preferably also transverse grooves (28c) extending from one side to the other of the wall riser block (28) to form, with said base plate (5), openings for the passage of cables, tubes and the like .

16 - A method of constructing a building according to one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that it comprises the steps of:

placing at least one inner panel assembly (1; 15) between two posts (13, 14), with the vertical edges of the or each inner panel assembly (1; 15) extending in a sealed manner against a respective one two posts (13, 14);

placing, on the outside face (1b) of the at least one interior panel assembly (1; 15), at least one outer wall (4), leaving a free space between the inner face (4a) of the outer wall and the one or more inner panel assemblies (1; 15), wherein a plurality of casting material clips (11; 17; 18) have been arranged so that the anchor rod portions (11d; 21a) extend into said free space; and

casting of a casting material in at least a portion of said free space, the casting material having trapped the anchor rod parts (11d; 21a), the casting material, after casting, participating in the thermal insulation and rendering the whole structure (s) inner panel (s) (1;

15) / outer wall (s) (4).

17 - Process according to claim 16, for the construction of a building as defined in the claim 2 or one of claims 3, 4, 5 and 11 to 15 taken in dependence on claim 2, characterized in that it comprises, before the step of laying the outer wall or walls (4):

a step of laying a layer of thermal insulation (2) against the outer face (1b) of the inner panel assembly (1), outer face (1b) from which the rod portions of gripping (9g, 10a, 19a) of a plurality of thermal insulation claw fasteners (9, 10, 19); and

a step of fixing, at the outer face (2b) of the thermal insulation layer (2), several staples for casting material (11), with the base portions (11b) applied against the outer face (2b) of the thermal insulation layer (2) and the claws (9h, 10c) of the hooking rod portions (9g, 10a, 19a) engaged in the thermal insulation layer (2),

the free space in which the casting material is cast is then formed between the outer wall (s) (4) and the thermal insulation layer (2), the anchor rod portions (11d) of the casting material staples (11) being embedded in the casting material, and the casting material, after casting, making the structure monolithic together (s) inner panel (s) (1) / thermal insulation layer (2) / wall (s) outside (4).

18 - Process according to claim 17, characterized in that it comprises, after the step of laying the at least one inner panel assembly (1) and before the step of laying the thermal insulation layer ( 2), a step of fixing, to the outer face (1b) of the inner panel assembly (s) (1), a plurality of claws for claws for thermal insulation (9, 10, 19). 19 - Process according to claim 16, for the construction of a building according to one of claims 6 or 7, or according to one of claims 8 to 14 taken in dependence of claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the step of laying at least one outer wall (4) comprises placing at least one outer wall (4) with the anchor rod parts (21a) of several staples for casting material (17) or a plurality of staple clips (21) of spacer staples (18) extending into the free space into which the casting material will be cast.

20 - Staple for casting material (11; 17; 18), designed for the implementation of the method according to one of claims 16 to 19, characterized in that it comprises a base portion (11b; 21b) to from which extends at least one anchor rod portion (11d; 21a) carrying casting material anchoring means (lie).

21 - Staple for casting material (11), according to claim 20, designed for the implementation of the method according to claim 17, characterized in that it further comprises a hooking rod portion (11a) s' extending from the base portion (11b), opposite side to the anchor rod portion (11d), the hooking rod portion (11a) carrying claws (11c) oriented toward the base portion (11b).

22 - Staple for casting material (18), according to claim 20, designed for the implementation of the method according to claim 19, for the construction of a building according to claim 7 or one of claims 8 to 14 taken according to claim 7, the staple being said spacer staple (18), characterized in that it comprises two staple elements (21), two thermal break plates (22) and at least two connecting bolts (23) for connecting the thermal break plates (22) to each other, each clip member (21) comprising a base portion (21b) and a stem portion anchor (21a) carrying anchoring means, one of the staple members (21) being adapted to be made integral with an inner panel assembly (15) while the other staple member (21) is adapted to be made directly integral with the outer wall (4) opposite to said inner panel assembly (15), with the base portion (21b) applied against the respective one of the inner panel assembly (15) and the outer wall (4) and the rod portions anchor (21a) aligned with each other, the thermal break plates (22) each having, on the one hand, first connecting means to the anchor rod portion (21a) of a staple member (21) and, secondly, second connecting means to the two connecting bolts (23), said first and second m Binding means being such that the thermal rupture plates (22) are able to be placed facing each other once the latter connected to the respective clip element (21) and connected to one another. other by the two connecting bolts (23).

23 - Clip (18) according to claim 22, characterized in that the free ends of the anchor rod portions (21a) of the clip elements (21) are threaded and that said first connecting means are formed, for each plate of thermal break (22), through a through hole in the center of the thermal break plate (22), by which the thermal break plate (22) is adapted to be threaded onto the threaded free end of a rod portion of anchoring (21a), and by two nuts (25) to be screwed onto said threaded free end, on both sides of the thermal break plate (22), to clamp the latter.

24 - Clamp for thermal insulation (9, 10, 19), designed for the implementation of the method according to claim 17 or one of claims 18 and 19 taken in dependence on claim 17, the clip being said staple to claws (9, 10, 19), characterized in that it comprises a base portion (9f, 10b, 19b) from which extends at least one hooking rod portion (9g, 10a, 19a) carrying claws (9h, 10c) oriented towards the base portion (9f, 10b, 19b).

Staple (9, 10; 11; 19; 17; 18) according to one of Claims 20 to 24, characterized in that the base portions (9f, 10b; 11b; 19b; 21b) and the stem (9f, 10a, 11a, 11d, 19a, 21a) are integrally formed by a metal core (9a, 11g) coated with a composite or plastic material (9d; anchoring means (lie) or claws (9h, 10c, 11c).