FR3047755A1 - CONSTRUCTION STRUCTURE DEVICE AND FACADE INTEGRATING SUCH A DEVICE - Google Patents

Abstract

Device or carrier pole and structural frame (1A) comprising a profile (2) of composite material comprising a portion (22, 24, 25) for forming spacer and at least a so-called fixing portion (21) and perpendicular to the spacer portion, characterized in that it further comprises at least one hollow tube (3) open at both ends, integral with the profile at the spacer portion, the hollow tube constituting a reservation means for casting of concrete.

Description

The invention relates to a construction device for the building, the implementation of which makes it possible to produce a framework for the construction of a building facade and a building facade. to the realization and the floor support.

Without limitation, the device of the invention relates to all types of building, tertiary, collective housing, industrial buildings, integration to floating vessels of the type liners, etc ...

In particular, the invention is directed to a construction framing device that makes it possible to produce a facade with high energy performance, minimizing the thermal bridges as much as possible.

It is known, for making a building facade, to use composite material profiles having a suitable length of separation of two floors, and opposite surfaces allowing directly on the one hand to be fixed against a floor nose and to on the other hand to attach a siding coating. Each profile includes a rear flat bearing surface on at least one floor nose, a flat front surface for supporting and securing the facade elements, and a median flat surface connecting the rear and front flat surfaces.

In the mounted position of the profiles, the rear and front plane surfaces are in planes parallel to the main plane of the facade, and the median plane surface in a vertical plane perpendicular to said facade plan.

The section of the profiles may be of various shapes, such as H, C, U or Z (two adjacent branches of the Z being perpendicular), or according to other specific geometries. The assembly of construction of the aforementioned patent allows thanks to the profiles of composite material to achieve a facade cladding in a simple, fast while removing thermal bridges. Nevertheless, this set is suitable for constructions whose floors are already existing. Indeed, the profiles are fixed by their opposite ends on the one hand to a high floor nose and on the other hand to a low floor nose.

This patent does not propose a solution for constructions of which at least the upper floor is still non-existent. The object of the invention is therefore to propose a device and a construction-carrying system, for forming walls and building facades, this system making it possible to gain in speed of construction and advantageously making it possible to constitute means of support and construction of a floor. Preferably, the system of the invention is prefabricated.

According to the invention, the carrier and structural frame device comprises a profile made of composite material comprising a part intended to form a spacer and at least one so-called attachment part and perpendicular to the spacer part, the profile being able to present a cross section. Z, L, U, H, Omega or other specific geometry, and is characterized in that it further comprises at least one hollow tube, open at its two ends, and integral with the profile at the spacer portion, the hollow tube constituting a reservation means for pouring concrete.

According to the invention, the tube constitutes a reservation means for the introduction of a reinforcement and the pouring of concrete so as to constitute a reinforced concrete post and constitute a carrier element of a future building construction, while the Composite material profile constitutes a spacer between the façade and exterior cladding of the building and the interior of the building.

The profile and the tube form a solidarity unit that is called post later.

The pole of the invention provides, once in place and after pouring the concrete, a structural load-bearing element (via the tube), while having the function of frame / support element for facade cladding (via the profile ), the profile eliminating the thermal bridges between the outside and the inside of the building.

The profile and the tube are according to a first variant manufactured separately and assembled.

In another variant, the profile and the tube are manufactured integrally, in one piece.

The term "profile", an element of which at least one dimension is very significantly greater than the other two. The element extends in length.

Advantageously, the profile of the device has a height equivalent to a minimum floor, that is to say at a height for separating the lower floor of a floor to the upper floor.

The profile is composite material. The term "composite material" relating to an element in the following description, the manufacture of this element from one or more composite materials.

When the profile and the tube are monobloc, they are both made of composite material.

The tube, when manufactured separately from the profile, is made of any rigid material, such as composite material or steel, or rigid plastic material, or rigid cardboard, or made of a combination of the aforementioned materials ( for example made of an inner envelope in a material and an outer envelope of another material). The composite material element is preferably manufactured by pultrusion.

The composite material is made of a matrix of at least one plastic material, thermoplastic or thermosetting, and preferably resistant to fire such as those used based on flame-retarded polyester or acrylic resin, and reinforcing fibers, in particular made of glass , basalt, or even of vegetable origin. The reinforcing fibers are in the form of webs, mats, fabrics and / or long fibers. Their arrangement between layers of reinforcements is particularly important to jointly improve the mechanical performance and not overburden the cost.

When the profile and the tube are manufactured separately, the hollow tube is secured to the profile by mechanical means such as riveting, bolting, gluing, or by thermo-welding,

The tube preferably has a square section, or a rectangular or circular section, or any other polygonal geometry. Its section will in particular be determined according to the need of resistance expected for each post consisting of the column section, the reinforced concrete being intended to be included in the hollow volume of the tube.

Advantageously, the core of the profile comprises in its two opposite distal ends, a respective recess so that the core has a first part called short part, and a second part said protruding part, the tube being of equivalent length to the part short of the soul and solidarity with it. The protruding portion is intended to be applied against the nose of a slab of a building floor, while the tube is intended to rest on the upper face of the slab. . The invention also relates to a carrier and frame system comprising a plurality of posts each made of a profile and tube, and one or more individual sections of composite material, the individual columns and sections being spaced and extending longitudinally parallel to each other. , and the system comprising at least two sleepers, said lower cross member and upper cross member, preferably made of steel, extending perpendicularly to the individual columns and profiles and each of which is respectively connected to one of the two opposite ends of the individual posts and profiles. preferably the system forming a prefabricated monobloc assembly, ready for installation.

The individual profiles have the same or different section to the constituent sections of the columns, the individual sections comprising at least one spacer portion such as a core and a so-called attachment portion, such as at least one wing transverse to the core.

The individual profiles as the profiles of the columns comprise at least one surface or wing transverse to the core which is intended to be facing the outside of the construction to serve as a surface for attachment to a facade covering, the core constituting a spacer between the facade cladding and the floor of the building.

The number of individual profiles and columns is adapted according to the expressed needs of descent of load between floors (and thus sections of posts necessary). By way of non-limiting example, the system comprises for a portion of a construction side, two end posts and three intermediate individual sections.

The system comprising the posts and the crosspieces, and possibly the individual sections, thus form once in place / associated with the floor of a construction a monobloc system and frame support for a hand to add a floor in floor, poles being bearing elements, and on the other hand report a facade, the profiles of the columns and individual profiles forming the support means of the facade.

The posts and sleepers, and individual profiles when present are preferably assembled in the factory to form a monoblock system ready for installation.

According to one feature, the lower crossbar of the system comprises lights of suitable dimensions to cooperate by engagement with the tubes, and tabs for fixing, preferably by riveting, said lower cross member to the webs of the profiles of the columns and individual profiles s' they are present.

Advantageously, the sleeper comprises lights of dimensions equal to the section of a tube, and located vertically above the upper openings of the tubes of the columns. The invention also relates to the use of at least one carrier and framework system of the invention in a building construction, characterized in that the system constitutes a carrier means of a higher floor, and binds at least two levels of floors between them by reinforced concrete, the concrete of the upper floor being poured into the tubes of the columns of the system. In addition to the medium carrier function, the system of the invention can solve the problems and fire resistance of facade structures in a building.

Depending on the type of individual profile, additional profiles of composite material and smaller section can be added to the fastening parts of the individual profiles and column profiles, the additional profiles serving as support means and securing the cladding opposite exterior of the building. The invention also relates to a building construction assembly comprising at least one support and frame system according to the invention, characterized in that the system is installed on a floor provided with reinforcement projecting vertically with respect to the floor, the system being positioned so that the tubes are fitted around the reinforcement and the bottom rail resting on the floor. Concrete is poured into the tubes to the floor.

Advantageously, the assembly comprises internal reinforcement arranged in the tubes of the posts, and protrude at the upper end of the tubes; concrete is poured into the tubes to the floor.

The internal reinforcement co-operates with beam reinforcement arranged on the top rail and extending perpendicular to the longitudinal assemblies, the beams resting on the top rail and being intended to carry an upper floor comprising the poured concrete which is housed at the level of the entanglement of the reinforcement of the beams and the reinforcement of the tubes. The carrier and frame assembly has a facade cladding that is attached against the bearing system and frame.

The facade cladding is attached to the profiles of the individual columns and profiles, and intended to be in contact with the outside of the building. The facade coating is directly associated with the composite material profiles (or tubes if they are composite material), thus avoiding any thermal bridge, essential purpose of the post and the system of the invention.

Advantageously, the assembly comprises thermal insulation means, preferably in the form of panels, which are housed the successive profiles of the columns and individual profiles. The insulation means can be pre-assembled in the workshop, equipped with their rainscreen and vapor barrier, or even the exterior facade cladding and joineries also pre-assembled in the form of prefabricated modules.

Advantageously, the internal reinforcement is intended to cooperate (entangle) with beam reinforcement arranged on the upper cross member and extending perpendicularly to the plane formed by the carrier and framework system (formed from the plurality of spaced poles). and aligned), the beams resting on the top rail and being intended to carry an upper floor.

Advantageously, the upper floor is made, in known manner, using beams and slabs, covered in a second time of poured concrete, which is thus housed at the level of the entanglement of reinforcement beams and reinforcement tubes and down into the tubes serving as a volume of reception of the concrete. In this way, the concrete ensures a continuous chaining of reinforced concrete between the two levels, which improves the mechanical performance and fire resistance, and therefore safety. By way of non-limiting example, the dimensions of a profile and a tube are as follows:

The length of a profile between the two free ends of the projecting parts corresponds to a floor height (see several stages), and the length of the projecting portion of the profile when this projecting portion is present corresponds to the thickness of a floor nose.

The width of the core is between 50 and 400 mm, depending on the thermal characteristics referred to, the core constituting the spacer with the outside.

The length of a tube corresponds to the height of a stage, between 5.4 and 4m.

The section of the tube is between 100 and 300 mm.

In the remainder of the description, the terms "horizontal", "vertical", "upper >>," lower >>, "upper", "lower >>, are used when the device is arranged in position d use compared to a flat horizontal floor.

The term "length", the dimension extending along the longitudinal axis of the profile or the tube of the device. The term "width" relative to an area of the section or the tube, the transverse dimension and coplanar length.

Many advantages can be advanced on the use of composite material.

Thus, such a device made of composite material makes it possible to offer high thermal resistance and eliminates the risk of thermal bridges. In addition, thermosetting matrix composite materials reinforced with glass fibers have a very low expansion almost identical to that of concrete, which allows to associate, to fix the profiles and tubes to concrete without worrying about the gradient between the coefficients thermal expansion between the two materials. The use of composite materials leads to first-rate environmental performance throughout their life cycle, in particular low "gray" energy during manufacturing and assembly stages, but also during partial deconstruction. or total of the building, leading to a reasoned and controlled use of non-renewable resources. The use of composite materials will generally generate a low and controlled carbon footprint and a long-lasting construction with rot-proof materials.

The composite material which constitutes the material of manufacture of the element has other advantages already among those mentioned above, such as: Low density and very high mechanical characteristics, Excellent thermal insulation Excellent electrical insulation,

Low expansion, fire resistance, with self-extinguishing formulations, which do not emit toxic fumes,

Excellent resistance to external aggression of any kind (chemical, IR or UV radiation, and even graffiti), easy recycling,

Transparency to electromagnetic waves,

High shock absorption capacity (safety),

Durability,

Environmental balance very interesting.

The present invention is now described with the aid of examples which are only illustrative and in no way limitative of the scope of the invention, and from the attached illustrations, in which: FIG. 1a represents a perspective view of a carrier device of the invention, comprising a profile and an associated tube; - Figure 1b shows an exploded view of the device of Figure 1a; - Figure 1c is a top view of Figure 1a; FIGS. 1d to 1n are top views of geometry variants of carrying devices of the invention; - Figure 2 is a partial perspective view of a plaster construction facade with a carrier system and frame of the invention incorporating the carrier devices of the invention, and lower and upper floors; - Figure 3 is a perspective view from the inside of the construction of a carrier system and frame of the invention forming a prefabricated monobloc system associated with the floor; - Figures 4a to 4d illustrate the implementation steps to achieve the carrier system and prefabricated frame; - Figure 5 illustrates the implementation carrier system and prefabricated frame on the floor; - Figures 6a and 6b show the system in place and in which are introduced reinforcement to allow the establishment of an upper floor; - Figure 7a is a partial perspective view of a building step from Figure 6b on which have been added beams for carrying an upper floor; Figure 7b is a partial and side view of Figure 7a; - Figure 8a shows the device of Figure 7a on which was mounted an upper floor and the implementation of the fastening of the upper floor assembly - carrier system - lower deck of the construction; - Figure 8b is a side view and in section of Figure 8a; FIGS. 9a and 9b respectively show an exterior and interior view of the construction with regard to the addition of the insulation and coating means; - Figure 10 is a partial sectional view transverse to the front plane, showing the various components of the building wall of Figure 2; - Figure 11 illustrates a partial side and sectional view of a building wall provided with carrier systems and oassture of the invention and lower and upper floors.

FIG. 1a illustrates a carrier and framework device 1A of the invention based on a composite material, called a post, and comprising a section 2 and a tube 3 made of composite material, visible as an exploded view in FIG. 1b. The tube 3 is hollow and has its free ends open.

The tube 3 and the section 2 may be manufactured separately or be manufactured in one piece, particularly when they consist of the same material. Figures 1d and 1e illustrate two variants of one-piece posts of composite material.

The section 2 is always made of composite material. The shape of the profile is described later.

The tube 3 is here composite material, it could be in another rigid material such as steel or other.

With reference to FIG. 2, the device 1A is intended to be used for the realization of a carrier and framework system 1 for the construction of a wall and a building facade and of a concrete concrete support system. of building. A building conventionally comprises a lower floor P1, and upper floors, here two floors P2 and P3, openings 8, thermal insulation panels 9, a facade cladding 10 and additional interior panels 9 'of insulation . The carrier system and frame 1 of the invention allows to build the building frame to bring insulating panels and the facade cladding, and also to form the carrier system of the upper floors, while avoiding thermal bridges.

FIG. 3 partially illustrates, on one side of the building, a carrier and framework system 1 of the invention from several posts of type 1A, the system being intended to be associated with the concrete floor P1 of the construction and rises from the floor to the building height of an upper floor P2 (Figures 2 and 9a) which forms the upper floor. The system 1 makes it possible to constitute not only the framework of the facade avoiding any thermal bridge between the outside and the inside, but also the means of support of the upper floor (thanks to the poles).

The carrier and frame system 1 of the invention comprises at the base at least two end posts 1A (the pole 1A being illustrated in isolation in Figure 1a). Between the two end posts, according to the load to be supported, the system comprises other posts or as shown in Figure 3 of the usual profiles 2A identical to the profiles 2 composite material of the posts. In addition, the system comprises two lower crosspieces 4 and upper 5 assembled to the columns and profiles.

The profiles 2A are conventional profiles of composite material already known to achieve the facade cladding frames.

The posts 1A are intended to ensure the load bearing of the upper floor and to allow the fixing of the facade cladding, while the profiles 2A are intended for fixing the facade cladding.

When a window is to be integrated in the facade of the building, an opening 8 is created in the carrier and frame system 1 as illustrated in FIG. 3. The opening 8 is formed from composite material sections 2A. cut to the appropriate dimensions and assembled vertically and horizontally. The frame of the opening 8 thus created via the profiles 2A composite material is an insulating frame, support of the future carpentry.

The posts 1A and the profiles 2A, including the profiles leaving the opening 8 can be assembled on site.

However, preferably, the carrier system and frame 1 is made in the factory to form a prefabricated monobloc system directly ready to be placed on the floor P1. Its assembly is described later with reference to FIGS. 4a to 4d.

The level of pre-equipment of the carrier system and frame 1 can be completed directly in the factory and not on site by the means of insulation, networks, rain and vapor barriers, the cladding and panels interior finishing.

Each pole 1A of the invention is formed of the section 2 and the tube 3 forming a one-piece assembly, the section and the tube can be manufactured separately and assembled or formed integrally. The tube 3 is hollow to accommodate reinforced concrete so that each post 1A is a carrier element of the construction. In addition, the profile 2 of each post 1A is associated with the tube so as to form a protruding part 20 of the tube intended, in the use made of the post, to form a spacer, the profile further comprising the opposite the tube a so-called fastening surface 21 for fastening a facade cladding.

With reference to FIG. 1b, the profile 2 has in the illustrated variant a longitudinal core 20 and two parallel longitudinal wings 21 and 22 spaced apart and opposite to the core 20. The wings 21 and 22 are perpendicular to the core 20 and are oriented in two opposite directions. The core 20 thus constitutes the spacer, while the wing 21 constitutes the fixing surface.

Thus, the profile 2 has (Figure 1c) a generally Z-shaped section in a view from above, the core 20 of the Z being perpendicular to the wings 21 and 22. Preferably, the wings 21 and 22 are of identical width.

The section 2 for a post 1A may have various section geometries of which several examples are illustrated on the variants of Figures 1f to 1h. The profile can only include one soul and one transverse wing.

In the pole variant 1A illustrated in FIG. 1n, the profile 2 has a U-shaped general section whose branches 23 and 24 of the U are connected by a flat part 25 and end with two folded tabs 26 and 27. The essential in the form of the section of the section 2 of a post 1A is that it comprises a part such as the core 20 or the branches 23 and 24 which constitute a spacer between the outside and the inside of the building, and minus a transverse part, the wing 21 or the part 25, which constitutes a support and fixing surface of the outer cladding, the tube 3 being connected either to the core 20 or to the lugs 26 and 27.

The tube 3 has a square section of side "c". Its section could present other geometries. Figure 1k illustrates a rectangular section.

The section of the tube 3 is closed-line but can also be opened as illustrated in FIGS. 11 and 1m, the closure of the section being carried out by the core 20 of the profile in the associated position of the tube 3 with the profile 2. In these two variants, the tube 3 is made from a folded sheet.

With regard to the embodiment of FIGS. 1a to 1c, the tube 3 is associated along its entire length with the web 20 of the section 2 and with the wings 22 of said profile opposite the wing 21 intended to receive the coating. facade. The tube 3 is in intimate contact, one of the corners of the tube being engaged in the inner corner of the profile connecting the core 20 to the flange 22. When the tube 3 and the section 2 are manufactured separately, they are made integral. one of the other by fastening means, such as by bolting or riveting, distributed along the length, on the one hand at the core 20 at 6A and secondly at the level of the wing 22 in 6B. Other assemblies can be envisaged according to the materials, for example by thermo-welding.

The sides of the tube 3 have a dimension "c" greater than the width L of the wings 21 and 22 of the profile 2, and less than the width L 'of the core 20. Preferably, the side c of the tube 3 is equal at half the width L 'of the core 20 of the profile 2.

The size "c" of the sides of the square section of the tube 3 is for example of the order of 100 to 300 mm.

The size of the section will be adapted according to the load bearing properties required for the construction.

The width L of the wings 21 and 22 is for example of the order of 50 to 100mm.

The width L 'of the core 20 is for example of the order of 200 to 400mm.

The length (height of the pole 1 A) of the section 2 is for example of the order of a floor height, while the tube 3 has a shorter length, for example 2.5 m.

In the illustrated embodiment, the core 20 of the section 2 comprises at its two opposite ends upper and lower, a respective recess said lower 7 and upper 7 'of the rectangular type. Each recess extends along a length L1 in the longitudinal direction of the profile, and over a width corresponding, for example, to half the width L 'of the core 20. The recesses 7 and 7' define projecting portions 28 of the section 2 with respect to the tube 3.

The recesses 7 and 7 'are preferably of identical dimensions.

The recesses 7 and 7 'are reserved volumes for cooperating with the thickness / nose of the lower and upper floor slabs when the carrier system and frame is installed.

The tube 3 has a length adapted to stop at each recess 7 and 7 '.

An alternative is not to make recesses in the profiles. The length of the profile and the tube are identical and their lower end is intended to rest on the lower floor. In order to withstand the wind loads and the support of facade claddings, an additional framework of composite material profiles, which connects the profiles of the carrier system between two stages, is associated on the front face of the profiles.

The description of the lower and upper crosspieces 5 and the mounting of the various elements of the carrier system and the prefabricated framework 1 of the invention are presented below with reference to FIGS. 4a to 4d.

The posts 1A and the profiles 2 are spaced and extend longitudinally parallel to each other at regular intervals.

The crosspieces 4 and 5 extend perpendicular to the profiles 2 and are respectively assembled at the opposite lower and upper ends of the profiles 2, at the respective recesses 7 and 7 '.

The cross members 4 and 5 are of length Y substantially greater than the distance separating the end posts 1A. The length Y is for example of the order of 2.4 to 12m.

The sleepers 4 and 5 may be metallic.

With reference to FIG. 4a, the lower crossmember 4 is composed of a main surface 40 which comprises a plurality of slots 40A of suitable dimensions to cooperate by engagement with the section of the tubes 3 of the posts 1A at the recesses 7. This crossmember lower part 4 also has tabs 41 which rise perpendicular to the surface 40, tangentially to the webs 20 of the profiles 2.

With reference to FIG. 4b, the tabs 41 are of a height adapted to allow fastening, such as by riveting, the lower crossbar 4 to the webs 20 of the sections 2, on the face opposite to that on which is fixed a tube 3, while the protruding portions 28 protrude from the surface 40 of the cross member opposite the tubes 3.

The width (transverse dimension to the length of the crossmember) of the main surface 40 is greater than the side of the square section of a tube 3.

The crossbar 4 once associated with the profiles 2, butte at the lower recesses 7, against the projecting portions 28 of the profiles 2 and protrudes, transversely to the longitudinal direction of the profiles, the flange 22 of the profiles (wing intended to be facing the interior of the building).

The upper crossmember 5 is composed of a main longitudinal surface 50, hereinafter referred to as a support surface, and of two parallel and opposite longitudinal sidewalls 51A and 51B, and perpendicular to the main surface 50.

The upper cross member 5 is intended to abut against the upper recesses 7 'of the profiles 2, opposite the crossbar 4, and at the upper free end of the tubes 3 of the column sections 1 A.

The main surface 50 of the upper cross member 5, however, has at least two recesses 50A and 50B, arranged towards the distal ends. The recesses are of dimensions equal to the section of the tubes 3 so that the tubes of the end posts 1A cooperate by interlocking in these recesses, the free end of the tubes opening at the level of the main surface 50.

The tubes 3 of the end posts 1A are intended to accommodate reinforcement 120 (FIGS. 7a and 7b), called internal reinforcement, whose insertion is at the recesses 50A and 50B.

Each profile 2 is fitted into the respective slot 40A of the lower cross member 4 and abutted at its lower recess 7. The tabs 41 are then fixed by riveting to the webs 20, on the face opposite to that fixed to the tubes 3, posts 1A and intermediate profiles 2A.

Then, the upper cross member 5 is pressed against the upper recesses 7 '(Figure 4c) of the profiles 2, the upper flank 51A of the crosspiece abutting against the edge of the projecting portion 28 of the upper end of each profile 2, while the support surface 50 is nested on the tubes 3 of the posts 1A and placed on the upper ends of the intermediate profiles 2A. The support surface 50 is coplanar with the upper edge of the tubes 3 of the posts 1A, the openings 50A and 50B being in line with the open free ends of the tubes 3 of the posts. The width of the upper flank 51A is equal to the length of the recess 7 'of the upper end. The lower flank 51B is pressed against the longitudinal wall of the flange 22 of each section 2, 2A, intended to be turned towards the interior of the building.

The width of the lower flank 51B is sufficient to ensure the attachment of the upper cross member 5, preferably by riveting against the flange 22 of the profiles 2 and 2A (Figure 8b).

As illustrated in Figure 4d, the carrier and frame system 1 then forms a prefabricated monobloc system that can be installed on the lower floor P1 (Figure 3).

The fixing of the prefabricated system 1 of Figure 3 to the building floor P1 is explained with the help of Figure 5.

The prefabricated system 1 is raised and brought to the vertical of the floor P1 so as to press the tubes 3 of the end posts 1A respectively about reinforcement 11 already protruding vertically relative to the floor P1 near the N floor nose and separated a distance corresponding to the distance separating the tubes 3 from the end posts 1A.

Thus, the device is placed on the floor P1, the lower rail 4 resting on the floor P1 (Figure 3), and the projecting portion 28 of the core 20 of each section 2, 2A being pressed against the nose N of the floor (Figures 2 and 9a).

With reference to FIGS. 6a and 6b, internal reinforcement 11A is then introduced into the tubes 3 of the end posts 1A, through the recesses 50A and 50B of the upper cross member 5. These reinforcements have the role of consolidating and securing the binding from system 1 to floor P1, and to allow the construction of an upper floor.

The inner reinforcements 11A extend over the entire length of the tubes 3 and protrude from the tubes, without protruding from the crosspiece 5 or the edge of the upper projecting portion 28 of the profiles 2 of the posts 1A (Figures 6b).

The upper floor can then be installed. With reference to FIG. 7a, beams 12 of reinforced concrete with longitudinal reinforcement 11B are installed transversely to the vertical plane of the system 1 with their distal end resting on the support surface 50 of the upper cross member 5. The distal end opposite of the beams, not shown in the figures, rests in the same way on a carrier system and frame 1 of the invention positioned opposite the lower floor P1 vis-à-vis.

Longitudinal reinforcement 11B of the beams 12 protrude from the beams and intermesh with the internal reinforcement 11A protruding from the tubes 3, as shown in Figure 7b.

With reference to FIGS. 8a and 8b, the upper floor P2 is then constructed in a known manner, with the placing of the slabs 13 and a lattice 14, and then concrete 15 is poured over the entire surface.

FIG. 8b shows that the concrete 15 propagates along the arrow F over the entire upper part, the upper floor P2, and in the tubes 3 of the end posts 1A via the openings 50A and 50B present in the upper crosspiece 5.

The poured concrete 15 generates the upper floor P2 and ensures a connection of the frame device 1 in one piece with the lower building floors P1 and P2 upper.

Similarly, a second upper floor P3 may be installed on a second carrier system and prefabricated frame 1 of the invention, associated with the upper floor P2 (Figure 2).

The support and frame system 1 ensures, in addition to the load transfer of the upper floors, the construction of building facades serving as support for the exterior elements of the facade and the insulating and lining elements.

FIGS. 9a, 9b and 10 illustrate insulating panels 9 attached to the outside of the framework device 1. The panels are slid respectively between the webs 20 of the profiles 2 of the columns and intermediate profiles 2A consecutive, and wedged by the wings 21 profiles. The panels 9 extend in a vertical plane perpendicular to the webs 20 of the profiles and parallel to the wings 21 arranged on the outside of the facade. The panels are associated in the usual way with a rain screen and a vapor barrier.

For the establishment of the facade panels 10 until reaching a covered surface visible in Figure 2, they are fixed on the wings 21 of the profiles 2 and 2A. The profiles 2 and 2A of composite material of the invention serve by their support wings 21 for fixing to the facade cladding without inducing a thermal bridge.

Finally, additional insulating panels 9 '(FIGS. 9a and 9b) are housed on the inner side of the construction between the web 20 of the profiles 2 and the tube 3 and the core 20 of the consecutive intermediate profiles 2. sections 2 and 2A make it possible to fix an internal lining 16 such as plasterboard. A vapor barrier device 17 may be arranged between the inner insulation panels 9 'and the inner liner 16. The arrangement of the various elements (insulation means 9, 9', rain barrier, vapor barrier, and coating 16) can be made in the factory, the prefabricated bearing and frame systems 1 then being equipped with these elements when delivered on site.

Thus, as shown in FIG. 11, the prefabricated construction system of the invention makes it possible to produce a facade that acts as a complete "mantel wall" wall without a thermal bridge. In addition, it provides a carrier means for producing the upper floor of the construction and provides means for the integration of the thermal insulation means to the construction. The construction system of the invention reduces the overall cost of construction and provides inter alia rapid implementation and construction with ecological performance (energy performance, low energy gray, low carbon footprint).

Claims (14)

1. Device or carrier pole and structural frame (1A) comprising a profile (2) of composite material comprising a portion (22, 24, 25) for forming spacer and at least a said fixing portion (21) and perpendicular to the spacer portion, characterized in that it further comprises at least one hollow tube (3) open at both ends, integral with the profile at the spacer portion, the hollow tube constituting a reservation means for concrete pouring. 2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the tube (3) and the section are manufactured separately and assembled (2) by mechanical means such as by riveting, bolting, or by thermo-welding, or the tube (3) and the profile (2) are manufactured integrally, in one piece. 3. Device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the tube (3) is made of composite material or steel, or rigid plastic material, or rigid cardboard, or a combination of the aforementioned materials. 4. Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the section (2) has a section Z, L, U, H, Omega. 5. Carrier system and structural frame (1), characterized in that it comprises a plurality of carrying posts (1A) according to one of the preceding claims, and optionally one or more individual profiles (2A) of composite material, the individual columns and profiles being spaced apart and extending longitudinally parallel to each other, and in that it comprises at least two cross members (4, 5), said lower cross member and upper cross member, preferably made of steel, extending perpendicularly to the posts (1A) and individual profiles (2A) and each of which (4, 5) is respectively connected to one of the two opposite ends of the posts (1A) and individual profiles (2A), preferably the system forming a prefabricated one-piece assembly, ready for installation. 6. System according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the crossbar (4) comprises slots (40A) of dimensions adapted to cooperate by engagement with the tubes (3), and tabs (41) for fixing, preferably by riveting, said lower crossbar (4) to the column sections (1A) and the individual sections (2A) 7. System according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the crossbar (5) comprises slots (50A, 50B) of dimensions equal to the section of a tube (3), and located vertically above the openings of the tubes (3) poles. 8. Use of at least one bearing system and frame (1) according to one of claims 5 to 7 in a building construction, characterized in that the system constitutes a carrier means of a higher floor, and binds at least two levels of floors between them by reinforced concrete, the concrete of the upper floor being poured into the tubes (3) of the columns (1A) of the system. 9. Use according to the preceding claim, characterized in that according to the type of individual profile and profiled poles, additional profiles of composite material and smaller section are added to the fastening portions of the individual profiles and the profiles of the columns, the additional sections serving as support and fastening means for cladding on the outside face of the building. 10. Building building assembly comprising at least one bearing and structural system (1) according to any one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that the system is installed on a floor (P1) provided with reinforcement (11). ) protruding vertically from the floor, the system being positioned so that the tubes (3) are fitted around the reinforcement (11) and the bottom rail (4) resting on the floor (P1). 11. Assembly according to the preceding claim, characterized in that concrete (15) is poured into the tubes (3) to the floor (P1). 12. Assembly according to the preceding claim, characterized in that it comprises internal reinforcement (11 A) arranged in the tubes (3) of the posts (1 A) and protrude at the upper end of the tubes, and in that the inner reinforcements (11 A) cooperate with reinforcement (11 B) of beams (12) arranged on the upper crossmember (5) and extending perpendicular to the longitudinal assemblies, the beams resting on the upper crossmember (5) and being intended carrying an upper floor (P2) comprising the cast concrete (15) which is housed at the entanglement of reinforcement beams and reinforcement of the tubes. 13. Assembly according to one of claims 10 to 12, characterized in that it comprises a facing coating (10) which is attached against the carrier system and frame (1). 14. Assembly according to one of claims 10 to 13, characterized in that it comprises thermal insulation means, preferably in the form of panels, which are housed between the profiles (2, 2A) successive means Insulation can be pre-assembled in the workshop, equipped with their rainscreen and vapor barrier, or even the exterior facade cladding and joineries also pre-assembled in the form of prefabricated modules.